From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
monopoly
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 04 May 2003 15:23:29 GMT

recent discussion regarding multi-cpu shared (processor) cache and global LRU vis-a-vis. local LRU strategies ... and various file/record/data caching strategies for disks, controllers, bus, systems:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#55 Advantages of multiple cores on single chip

misc. working set, case, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#wsclock

and in managed storage ... the disk are caches for things that have home position in big silos ... aka where is the line between backup/archive and hierarchical storage.

random unitree, datatree, lincs, mesa archival, wdsf, adsm, tsm, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#21 Disk caching and file systems. Disk history...people forget
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#22 Disk caching and file systems. Disk history...people forget
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#66 commodity storage servers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#2 Why is UNIX semi-immune to viral infection?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#66 Holy Satanism! Re: Hyper-Threading Technology - Intel information.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#3 IBM's "old" boss speaks (was "new")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#10 Deleting files and emails at Arthur Andersen and Enron
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#46 What goes into a 3090?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#61 GE 625/635 Reference + Smart Hardware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#29 Computers in Science Fiction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#24 Definition of Non-Repudiation ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#8 Avoiding JCL Space Abends
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#31 general networking is: DEC eNet: was Vnet : Unbelievable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002q.html#25 Beyond 8+3
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#29 360/370 disk drives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#31 360/370 disk drives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#43 VMFPLC2 tape format
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#9 IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Why did TCP become popular ?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Why did TCP become popular ?
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip
Date: Sun, 04 May 2003 16:15:47 GMT

This is also along the lines of some recent OSI discussions. IP, LANs, and OSI all happened about the same time.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#44 Rewrite TCP/IP

OSI (and arpanet) were homogeneous and didn't allow for gateways and interconnection of (possibly heterogeneous) networks. IP layer doesn't exist in the OSI model. the concept of interconnection of heterogeneous networks was somewhat novel (although the internal network had effectively gateway-type support in every node from nearly the start in nearly time-frame as arpanet start; and was, in fact larger than the internet until sometime in the 1985 time-frame, after the ip cut-over).

OSI also didn't allow for LANs ... and in fact, later in the '80s when attempting to do high-speed protocol standard ... which would go directly from transport/layer4 directly to LAN interface ... it was observed that couldn't be done in ISO because it violated OSI and ISO (and ISO chartered national standards bodies) were under constraint that only OSI conforming standards could be done. the problem with LANs is that it reached up into the middle of layer3 ... and any protocol that interfaced directly to LAN interface violated the OSI model. The appearance of LANs, homogeneous network paradigms supported multiple LAN collections with bridge methodologies ... while IP had the option of gateways.

IETF process requires interoperable implementation for standards to progress. most other standards bodies don't require that actual implementations ever occur.

misc.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#networking
i.e.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp OSI and High Speed Protocol
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet misc. arpanet, nsfnet, internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/internet.htm

and my ietf/rfc index:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
 monopoly
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 04 May 2003 16:29:22 GMT

a big activity in the 3081 time-frame (early 80s) was restructing kernel storage allocation for cache sensity (aligning allocation on cache boundaries and in units of cache lines) because of significant cross-cache trashing in SMP environment when different storage units overlapped in the same cache line.

random past vs/repack posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#7 IBM 7090 (360s, 370s, apl, etc)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#68 The Melissa Virus or War on Microsoft?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#30 Could CDR-coding be on the way back?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#83 Z/90, S/390, 370/ESA (slightly off topic)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#31 database (or b-tree) page sizes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#33 database (or b-tree) page sizes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#20 Very CISC Instuctions (Was: why the machine word size ...)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#28 OS Workloads : Interactive etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#45 cp/67 addenda (cross-post warning)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#46 cp/67 addenda (cross-post warning)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#49 Swapper was Re: History of Login Names
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#50 IBM going after Strobe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#50 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#15 Alpha performance, why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#21 "Super-Cheap" Supercomputing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#53 Alpha performance, why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#15 Disk capacity and backup solutions

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Why did TCP become popular ?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Why did TCP become popular ?
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 04 May 2003 19:10:29 GMT

note a lot of CCITT was point-to-point copper oriented ... from telco groups. possibly part of the issue was simple point-to-point copper wasn't necessarily good grounding from complex heterogeneous networks.

ref:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003h.html#7 Why did TCP become popular?

Say circa '84 ... previously terminals, workstations, and PCs connected to the local network host via some sort of terminal support and then accessed the "network" via applications on the local network host. With LANs, workstations, PCs, IP and IP gateway (all coming together), it was possible to have the PCs and workstations interact with each other and the local network host with TCP/IP. Installing IP gateway on the local network host also resulted in the PCs and workstations being able to access the network directly in the same manner that they interacting locally. This also resulted in the number of network hosts at a local site exploding from one to hundreds.

random appn & sna refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#51 APPC vs TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#53 APPC vs TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#89 "Database" term ok for plain files?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#54 WHAT IS A MAINFRAME???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#31 3745 and SNI
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#28 Buffer overflow
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#54 Computer Naming Conventions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#43 Beginning of the end for SNA?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#48 Why did OSI fail compared with TCP-IP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#12 Why did OSI fail compared with TCP-IP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#48 Why did OSI fail compared with TCP-IP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#20 Vnet : Unbelievable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#67 3745 & NCP Withdrawl?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#49 unix

Peer-Coupled Shared Data refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#35a Drive letters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#37 What is MVS/ESA?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#40 Comparison Cluster vs SMP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#71 High Availabilty on S/390
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#100 Why won't the AS/400 die? Or, It's 1999 why do I have to learn how to use
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#128 Examples of non-relational databases
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#13 Computer of the century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#30 OT?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#37 OT?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#73 7090 vs. 7094 etc.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#69 Wheeler and Wheeler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#71 Pentium 4 Prefetch engine?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#2 Block oriented I/O over IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#44 The Alpha/IA64 Hybrid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#46 The Alpha/IA64 Hybrid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#76 Other oddball IBM System 360's ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#23 OT - Internet Explorer V6.0
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#54 Computer Naming Conventions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#6 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#48 Why did OSI fail compared with TCP-IP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#12 Why did OSI fail compared with TCP-IP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#45 M$ SMP and old time IBM's LCMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#68 META: Newsgroup cliques?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#67 unix

some past terminal emulation posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#6 Computer of the century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#35 VMS vs. Unix (was: Why are Suns so slow?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#13 IBM's mess (was: Re: What the hell is an MSX?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#14 IBM's mess (was: Re: What the hell is an MSX?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#83 Z/90, S/390, 370/ESA (slightly off topic)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#16 OT - Internet Explorer V6.0
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#35 Newbie TOPS-10 7.03 question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#14 Mainframers: Take back the light (spotlight, that is)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#43 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#66 vm marketing (cross post)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#74 Itanium2 power limited?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#19 Vnet : Unbelievable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#24 computers and stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#29 computers and stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#30 computers and stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#53 10 choices that were critical to the Net's success
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002q.html#40 ibm time machine in new york times?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002q.html#41 ibm time machine in new york times?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#45 hyperblock drift, was filesystem structure (long warning)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#23 difference between itanium and alpha
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#28 difference between itanium and alpha
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#33 difference between itanium and alpha
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#34 difference between itanium and alpha

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Why did TCP become popular ?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Why did TCP become popular ?
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 04 May 2003 21:23:30 GMT

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Why did TCP become popular ?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Why did TCP become popular ?
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 04 May 2003 22:03:15 GMT

and the ietf rfc index ....
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/index.html#internet

and around 20 percent each for the (crypto & standards related) mailing lists
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#aads

and the glossaries
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/index.html#glossary

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Do Data Models Need to built on a Mathematical Concept?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Do Data Models Need to built on a Mathematical Concept?
Newsgroups: comp.databases.theory
Date: Sun, 04 May 2003 22:36:07 GMT

... & from above:
SQL is particularly appropriate for the definition and management of data that is structured into repeated occurrences having common data structure definitions. SQL provides a high-level query and update language for set-at-a-time retrieval and update operations, as well as required database management functions for schema and view definition, integrity constraints, schema manipulation, and access control. SQL provides a data manipulation language that is mathematically sound and based on a first-order predicate calculus. SQL is self-describing in the sense that all schema information is queryable through a set of catalog tables called the Information Schema.

... sql from slightly different view:
http://www.it.bond.edu.au/inft320/003/lectures/Relational%20Data/node6.html
http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/~gurari/course/cis670/cis670Ch9.html

... & just for kicks, a non-rdb, graph/network model
http://www.jfsowa.com/pubs/semnet.htm
for arbritrary occurring information, including possibly anomolous and non-regular real-world structures.

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Authentication protocol

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Authentication protocol.
Newsgroups: alt.security,comp.lang.java.security
Date: Mon, 05 May 2003 00:55:29 GMT

public key is registered with in radius database for user (effectively in lieu of a password).

user contacts server with id, server responds with string that includes some unique value, client digitally signes a message that contains the server's unique token and responds, signature is verified using public key from radius database for that id.

a difference is that instead of using a public key for both the id lookup and the signature authentication; some other value is used for the id.

note radius infrastructure includes lots of support for various types of authorization information associated with id ... allowed/not-allowed, potentially what systems can connect, what times connects can be allowed, misc. other authorization attributes.

recent similar thread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#70 Simple resource protection with public keys

misc. other radius related refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#49 Authentication w/o user ids and passwords
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#65 Storing digital IDs on token for use with Outlook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#14 OT: Attaining Perfection
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#42 Authentification vs Encryption in a system to system interface
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#47 Public key and the authority problem
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#57 Security in RADIUS (RFC2865)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#59 Security in RADIUS (RFC2865)

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

IBM system 370

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM system 370
Newsgroups: comp.lang.asm370
Date: Mon, 05 May 2003 20:42:32 GMT

the bible for instructions that the assembler implements is the principles of operation .... here is the esa/390 pop:
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/DZ9AR004/CONTENTS?SHELF=#I%2e0

(instruction and machine) compatibility is covered at
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/DZ9AR004/1.3?DT=199706131

and comparison with system/370 and 370-xa is at:
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/DZ9AR004/F.0?0613131822

along with summary of changes:
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/DZ9AR004/F.3?SHELF=&DT=19970613131822

while lots of the POP covers kernel & privilege mode operation .... most of the instructions in chater 7, general instructions:
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/DZ9AR004/CONTENTS?SHELF=#I%2e0

come right out of 360 (even before 370).

the latest z/architecture (with 64 bit support) POP is at:
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/DZ9ZR001/CCONTENTS?SHELF=DZ9ZBK01&DN=SA22-7832-01&DT=20020416112421

POPs for the past 30? some years have always had the summary of changes section. this seems to just have the section on "The ESA/390 base"
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/DZ9ZR001/CCONTENTS?SHELF=DZ9ZBK01&DN=SA22-7832-01&DT=20020416112421

I expect that it is still possible to use the current assembler to correctly assemble some number of 360 era assembler programs (precursor to 370).

So a lot of people talking about the "370 assemble" (when referencing the current assembler) probably learned on 370 (or even 360) ... and nobody has felt strongly enuf about the reference to change the name of the newsgroup every time a new generation machine was brought out.

>From a standpoint of nomenclature, at one time the "SLAC-mods" to the assembler represented a bigger differentiator in assembler function ... than the change from one machine generation to the next.

There are somewhat orthogonal issues ... the features of the assembler and the machine instructions supported by the assembler. However, people may make references to the (ibm) 370 assembler ... when they are referring to the current assembler product.

so the current official name .... IBM High Level Assembler for MVS & VM & VSE can be found at:
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/ASMR1001/CCONTENTS?DT=19950207185621

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Mainframe Tape Drive Usage Metrics

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Mainframe Tape Drive Usage Metrics
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 05 May 2003 22:45:58 GMT

You unplugged the keyboard from the 3277 head, plugged in very small fifo box (about the size of a rs232 sexchange plug) and then plugged the keyboard into the fifo. The fifo handled being able to type when the system light was on ... so as to avoid getting keyboard lockup when you happen to be typing at the moment the system might do something to the screen (the FIFO box was something like $26.99, so instead of measuring the lockup, it eliminated the lockup).

of course the 3278, et all ... move all such electronics back into the 3274 controller. I kept the 3277 will into the mid-80s.

The other was the 3274 controller internal overhead/delay, made it almost impossible to achieve subsecond response. The standard reply was that there are no MVS-related operations that have requirement for subsecond response.

We could show quarter second response for VM ... combined system plus controller .... when using 3272/3277 combo .... but could not achieve any progress trying to improve the 3274 for interactive environments .... it was purely targeted at MVS customers .... who, while the might have large numbers of online ... were not considered interactive and therefor response was not an issue.

measurements from ancient detailed report on 3272/3277 & 3274/327x comparison:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#19 3270 protocol

and as noted in this old report ... it is only even close for local attached using identical data stream for both 3272 & 3274 (no advanced 3274 function) .... going to SNA attached just leaves a very large crater in any interactive response strategy.

The really terrible SNA response was one of the justifications that STL used when moving a couple hundred people from the IMS group to a remote bldg ... that they refused to go with SNA supported terminals ... and instead went with local terminals using a HYPERchannel channel-extender (this was 1981 running something like 300 "local" 327x terminals over 1.5mbit, T1 line).

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Why did TCP become popular ?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Why did TCP become popular ?
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 05 May 2003 23:47:10 GMT

there is also the small caveat that ISO, out-of-which OSI sprung ... had rulings about not considering protocols that didn't conform to OSI. We ran into this small problem when trying to do high-speed protocol that interfaced directly to LAN ... and since LANs violated OSI ... then doing a protocol to a LAN interface also, obviously, violated OSI, and therefor couldn't be considered by ISO or by an ISO chartered national body.

Scenarios claiming OSI and TCP/IP were equally capable were, at least, if they weren't allowed to consider the importance of gateway and internetworking functionality (totally lacking in OSI) ... which I believe has since been shown to be of extremely significant importance.

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Why did TCP become popular ?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Why did TCP become popular ?
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 06 May 2003 01:30:54 GMT

i was also told circa '77 or '78 that the inter-IMP chatter vis-a-vis packet routing was starting to consume a significant percentage of the 56kbit links.

somebody else in the below reference thread specifically cited IMP up/down caused heavy inter-IMP configuration chatter ... sufficiently so it could affect the appearance of IMP up/down, further increasing heavy inter-IMP chatter.

past threads raising inter-IMP chatter overhead:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#42 difference between itanium and alpha
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#47 difference between itanium and alpha
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#60 Bitnet again was: unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#62 ARPAnet again: Bitnet again was: unix

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Authentication protocol

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Authentication protocol.
Newsgroups: alt.security,comp.lang.java.security
Date: Tue, 06 May 2003 09:44:26 GMT

The public key registration with out-of-band process happens with or w/o a PKI.

Basically the RA function of a PKI operation has you generating a public/private key pair, creating a message with some assertion, like your name, and the public key ... and signing that message, and then sending it off to the PKI RA function (that is the step done for all public key registrations, whether it is a PKI RA public key registration or a non-PKI, RA public key registration).

The RA function then stores the information in some database or account record, and then uses some out-of-band process to to verify the assertion. If it is a PKI RA, the PKI RA then generates a certificate, stores it in the database also, and returns a copy of the certificate to the requester. The certificate basically contains the original message (assertion and requestor's public key), but instead of the original digital signature, it contains the "CA" digital signature.

So now, in theory, if your registering for some employee account, you create a message with some assertion, sign it, and attach your TTP CA certificate. However, having a TTP CA certificate certifying some bland piece of information, like your name, isn't sufficient, by itself, to establish you as an employee (aka I can have a perfectly good TTP CA certificate certifying that I'm John Smith and that doesn't mean that I'm an employee). So even with a TTP CA certificate, there still has to be some out-of-band process certifying that I'm the employee that I'm claiming to be ... aka the TTP CA certificate is redundant and superfluous since there is still required an out-of-band process validating being an employee.

So, lets say the RA is the employor. When you join the company, you do the keygen process and register with the employer's HR operated RA. HR validates the key, validates the assertions, and stores it in the HR database. The issue is whether or not HR has to just store the information in an account record or return a copy of the certificate to the employee. If the employee was now registering for some online service, they create a message with some assertion, digitally sign it and send it off. Does the employee's certificate need to be attached to it? For any process of importance, the corporate online service would then make a real-time check with the HR database. If they are making a real-time check with the HR database, then they can also do a real-time check of the HR database with the employee's registered public key. Again, having the employee go around passing out certificate copies is redundant and superfluous.

So, lets say this is a generic ISP. Your sign up for a generic ISP and make various assertions (like name, address, credit card number, etc). The ISP does some out-of-band validation (possibly including a real-time one dollar auth on the credit card number) and gives you a password. Now, this could be enhanced with public key and RA function. Make an SSL connection to the ISP's website, create the assertion about name, address, credit card number, etc ... adding your public key and signing the message. The ISP does all of its standard out-of-band validation and then registers the public key in its database ... preferrably a RADIUS accessible database. From then on, all PPP and authenticate webserver accesses use digitally signed messages ... which can use RADIUS protocol doing real-time retrieval of the public key and other authorization information from the ISP database. Again passing out a certificate is redundant and superfluous.

In effect, a certificate is a stale, static copy of some validated information that is stored in some sort of database. The purpose of that certificate is for situations where there is no recourse to the real-time, online, original information and/or it isn't necessary to perform any additional (out-of-band) validation operations.

In the case of an employer vis-a-vis a generic TTP CA certificate, the corporate online service still needs to validate that you are an employee regardless of what is claimed in some generic certificate, and possibly still needs to perform real-time checks regarding whether you still are an employee. Real-time access to a corporate employee registry (possibly run by HR with real-time updates regarding specific employee authorizations) makes the employee's passing out copies of stale, static certificate redundant and superfluous.

</PKI certificate redundant, superfluous, stale, static rant>

other redundant and superfluous rants:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#22 draft-ietf-pkix-warranty-ext-01
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#29 Employee Certificates - Security Issues
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#39 Identification = Payment Transaction?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#41 I-D ACTION:draft-ietf-pkix-sim-00.txt
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#0 OCSP and LDAP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#2 OCSP value proposition
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#3 OCSP and LDAP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#4 OCSP and LDAP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#6 OCSP and LDAP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#16 A challenge
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#19 A challenge
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#20 surrogate/agent addenda (long)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#25 Certificate Policies (addenda)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#36 "Trusted" CA - Oxymoron?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#40 Why trust root CAs ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#47 Why trust root CAs ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#24 Why trust root CAs ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#67 future trends in asymmetric cryptography
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#8 Server authentication
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#9 Server authentication
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#56 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#58 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#79 Q: ANSI X9.68 certificate format standard
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#3 Invalid certificate on 'security' site.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#7 Invalid certificate on 'security' site.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#35 Can I create my own SSL key?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#77 FREE X.509 Certificates
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#64 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#65 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#68 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#3 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#35 TOPS-10 logins (Was Re: HP-2000F - want to know more about it)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#49 PKI and Relying Parties
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#56 PKI and Relying Parties
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#72 Digital certificate varification
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002m.html#16 A new e-commerce security proposal
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002m.html#55 Beware, Intel to embed digital certificates in Banias
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#30 Help! Good protocol for national ID card?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#56 Certificate Authority: Industry vs. Government
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#57 Certificate Authority: Industry vs. Government
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#35 Public Encryption Key

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Why did TCP become popular ?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Why did TCP become popular ?
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 06 May 2003 13:55:20 GMT

claim can be made that some of this can be traced back to the science center when "G", "M", & "L" circa late '60s invented GML ... which begate SGML, which begate HTML, XML, etc. slightly related is the CMS/TSO bake-off done by CERN circa 1974 ... selecting CMS and getting to use lots of GML. Something similar went on at CERN's sister site, SLAC. SLAC also has some claim to be running the oldest, still operational webserver.

the science center was also responsible (besides GML, SGML) for cp/67, vm/370, virtual machine technology, the internal networking, lots of interactive applications, compare and swap instruction and lots of the early work turning performance turning into things like capacity planning. misc. science center refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

some old cern cms/tso bakeoff refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#49 any 70's era supercomputers that ran as slow as today's supercompu
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#30 IBM OS Timeline?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#19 3270 protocol
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#67 Coulda, Woulda, Shoudda moments?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#14 Why did OSI fail compared with TCP-IP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#51 Why did OSI fail compared with TCP-IP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#64 vm marketing (cross post)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#35 VR vs. Portable Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#37 VR vs. Portable Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#54 SHARE MVT Project anniversary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#54 XML, AI, Cyc, psych, and literature
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#53 HASP assembly: What the heck is an MVT ABEND 422?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#69 OT: One for the historians - 360/91

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

UT200 (CDC RJE) Software for TOPS-10?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: UT200 (CDC RJE) Software for TOPS-10?
Newsgroups: alt.sys.pdp10,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 07 May 2003 04:42:58 GMT

and then CAS nmenomic for compare and swap instruction ... which were charlie's initials; before it hit the streets the mnemonics became CS and CDS for compare and swap and compare double and swap.

both courtesy of the cambridge scientific center, 4th floor, 545 tech. sq.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
monopoly
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 07 May 2003 17:07:07 GMT

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Why did TCP become popular ?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Why did TCP become popular ?
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.tcp-ip,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 07 May 2003 18:11:52 GMT

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Authentication protocol

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Authentication protocol.
Newsgroups: alt.security,comp.lang.java.security
Date: Wed, 07 May 2003 18:29:13 GMT

also with respect to mitm attack ... long thread in another mailing list:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm14.htm#1 Who's afraid of Mallory Wolf?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm14.htm#2 Who's afraid of Mallory Wolf? (addenda)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm14.htm#3 Armoring websites
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm14.htm#4 Who's afraid of Mallory Wolf?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm14.htm#5 Who's afraid of Mallory Wolf?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm14.htm#9 "Marginot Web" (SSL, payments, etc)

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

HELP, Vulnerability in Debit PIN Encryption security, possibly

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: HELP, Vulnerability in Debit PIN Encryption security, possibly
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
Date: Wed, 07 May 2003 17:30:46 GMT

try search engine for skimming, and/or card, skimming

misc postings :
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay6.htm#ccfraud2 "out of control credit card fraud"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay9.htm#skim High-tech Thieves Snatch Data From ATMs (including PINs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#40 In Brief: Anti-'Skimming' Guidelines Coming
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#3 High-tech Thieves Snatch Data From ATMs (including PINs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#41 ATM Scams - Whose Liability Is It, Anyway?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#44 Credit Card Skimming Rising In The US

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

HELP, Vulnerability in Debit PIN Encryption security, possibly

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: HELP, Vulnerability in Debit PIN Encryption security, possibly
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
Date: Wed, 07 May 2003 17:36:14 GMT

... note, slight drift with references to EU finread (aka financial card reader) standard:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#3dsecure 3D Secure Vulnerabilities? Photo ID's and Payment Infrastructure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm9.htm#carnivore Shades of FV's Nathaniel Borenstein: Carnivore's "Magic Lantern"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm10.htm#keygen2 Welome to the Internet, here's your private key
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#4 AW: Digital signatures as proof
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#5 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#6 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#23 Proxy PKI. Was: IBM alternative to PKI?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#24 Interests of online banks and their users [was Re: Cryptogram: Palladium Only for DRM]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#57 Q: Internet banking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#60 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#61 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#62 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#64 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#25 Net banking, is it safe???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#26 No Trusted Viewer possible?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#0 Are client certificates really secure?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#6 Smart Card vs. Magnetic Strip Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#9 Smart Card vs. Magnetic Strip Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#10 Opinion on smartcard security requested
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#21 Opinion on smartcard security requested
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#46 Security Issues of using Internet Banking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#55 Security Issues of using Internet Banking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#69 Digital signature
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002m.html#38 Convenient and secure eCommerce using POWF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#13 Help! Good protocol for national ID card?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#26 Help! Good protocol for national ID card?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#67 smartcard+fingerprint

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

HELP, Vulnerability in Debit PIN Encryption security, possibly

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: HELP, Vulnerability in Debit PIN Encryption security, possibly
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
Date: Wed, 07 May 2003 22:51:33 GMT

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
 monopoly
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 08 May 2003 13:44:15 GMT

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

OT What movies have taught us about Computers

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: OT What movies have taught us about Computers
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 08 May 2003 14:01:56 GMT

they tended to already have multiple processors in a clustered environment to handle the aggregate load ... but, (I think it was first IDC, by this time they had already moved on to early version of vm/370) eventually had to implement process migration to handle the situation ... migrating all the work off of a processor complex and effectively varying it offline so it could be taken down for preventive maintenence.

some past 7x24 service bureau discussions:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#9 Checkpointing (was spice on clusters)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#52 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#4 virtualizable 360, was TSS ancient history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#35 D
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#59 Blinkenlights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#44 cp/67 (coss-post warning)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#34 Computers in Science Fiction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#62 subjective Q. - what's the most secure OS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#64 Hercules and System/390 - do we need it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#27 why does wait state exist?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#32 why does wait state exist?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#73 Home mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#15 CA-RAMIS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#3 Alpha performance, why?

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

application of unique signature

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: application of unique signature
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
Date: Thu, 08 May 2003 14:43:20 GMT

There is a lot of stuff around non-repudiation that includes did the person intend to sign what they signed.

a simple example is various personalities in hardware tokens that generate digital signatures.

Access tokens personalities may have the requirement for a PIN at power-on for the token to work correctly aka two-factor authentication, something you have and something you know.

Financial token personalitieis tend to have the requirement for a PIN for every signature performed ... regardless of whether it is power-on event or the token has been powered on for several hours and it is the one hundredth signature. The issue is that the additional requirement for a human interaction (re-entering the PIN) for every signature, helps carry with it the sense of human intention. It is still two-factor authentication, something you have and something you know ... but there is also the added sense that the human has performed an explicit physical action for every digital signature (starting to make it a little more analogous to human, physical signature).

For non-repudiation and intention there are also issues (somewhat addressed by EU finread standard) related to is what the human believed they are signing, what got signed (was the signature applied to what was displayed to the human and read).

lots of discussions regarding finread, intention, & non-repudiation:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#cstech4 cardtech/securetech & CA PKI
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm5.htm#shock revised Shocking Truth about Digital Signatures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm5.htm#ocrp Online Certificate Revocation Protocol
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm5.htm#spki2 Simple PKI
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm6.htm#nonreput Sender and receiver non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm6.htm#nonreput2 Sender and receiver non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm9.htm#carnivore Shades of FV's Nathaniel Borenstein: Carnivore's "Magic Lantern"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm9.htm#pkcs12b A PKI Question: PKCS11-> PKCS12
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay6.htm#vouc implementations of "XML Voucher: Generic Voucher Language" ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#nonrep0 non-repudiation, was Re: crypto flaw in secure mail standards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#nonrep1 non-repudiation, was Re: crypto flaw in secure mail standards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#nonrep2 non-repudiation, was Re: crypto flaw in secure mail standards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#nonrep3 non-repudiation, was Re: crypto flaw in secure mail standards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#nonrep4 non-repudiation, was Re: crypto flaw in secure mail standards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#nonrep5 non-repudiation, was Re: crypto flaw in secure mail standards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#nonrep6 non-repudiation, was Re: crypto flaw in secure mail standards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#3dsecure 3D Secure Vulnerabilities? Photo ID's and Payment Infrastructure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm10.htm#cfppki15 CFP: PKI research workshop
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm10.htm#cfppki18 CFP: PKI research workshop
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm10.htm#paiin PAIIN security glossary & taxonomy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm10.htm#keygen2 Welome to the Internet, here's your private key
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#4 AW: Digital signatures as proof
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#5 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#6 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#7 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#8 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#9 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#11 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#12 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#13 Words, Books, and Key Usage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#14 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#15 Meaning of non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#23 Proxy PKI. Was: IBM alternative to PKI?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#0 maximize best case, worst case, or average case? (TCPA)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#5 NEWS: 3D-Secure and Passport
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#12 TOC for world bank e-security paper
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#19 TCPA not virtualizable during ownership change (Re: Overcoming the potential downside of TCPA)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#24 Interests of online banks and their users [was Re: Cryptogram: Palladium Only for DRM]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#30 Employee Certificates - Security Issues
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#37 Legal entities who sign
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#38 Legal entities who sign
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#59 e-Government uses "Authority-stamp-signatures"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#53 First International Conference On Trust Management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#72 Invisible Ink, E-signatures slow to broadly catch on
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#94 Those who do not learn from history...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#79 Cryptogram Newsletter is off the wall?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#30 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#34 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#39 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#40 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#41 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#42 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#43 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#44 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#45 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#46 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#47 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#50 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#51 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#52 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#54 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#56 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#57 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#58 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#59 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#60 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#72 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#73 PKI and non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#39 Ancient computer humor - DEC WARS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#11 FREE X.509 Certificates
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#38 distributed authentication
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#57 Q: Internet banking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#60 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#61 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#62 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#64 PKI/Digital signature doesn't work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#51 future of e-commerce
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#25 Net banking, is it safe???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#26 No Trusted Viewer possible?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#7 No Trusted Viewer possible?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#46 Big black helicopters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#0 Are client certificates really secure?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#43 Why is UNIX semi-immune to viral infection?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#6 Smart Card vs. Magnetic Strip Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#9 Smart Card vs. Magnetic Strip Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#10 Opinion on smartcard security requested
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#21 Opinion on smartcard security requested
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#35 Security and e-commerce
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#46 Security Issues of using Internet Banking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#55 Security Issues of using Internet Banking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#37 Security Issues of using Internet Banking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#69 Digital signature
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#13 Biometric authentication for intranet websites?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#68 Are you really who you say you are?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#67 Does Diffie-Hellman schema belong to Public Key schema family?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#77 Does Diffie-Hellman schema belong to Public Key schema family?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#24 Definition of Non-Repudiation ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#40 Beginner question on Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#24 Two questions on HMACs and hashing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#26 Do any architectures use instruction count instead of timer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#28 Two questions on HMACs and hashing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002m.html#38 Convenient and secure eCommerce using POWF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#13 Help! Good protocol for national ID card?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#16 Help! Good protocol for national ID card?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#19 Help! Good protocol for national ID card?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#26 Help! Good protocol for national ID card?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#67 smartcard+fingerprint
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#72 So I tried this //vm.marist.edu stuff on a slow Sat. night,
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#52 Cirtificate Authorities 'CAs', how curruptable are they to
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#19 Message (authentication/integrity); was: Re: CRC-32 collision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#29 Message (authentication/integrity); was: Re: CRC-32 collision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#37 unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003h.html#25 HELP, Vulnerability in Debit PIN Encryption security, possibly

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Hardware support of "new" instructions

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Hardware support of "new" instructions
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main
Date: Thu, 08 May 2003 15:22:48 GMT

my trusty green card .. as bit ops for 7-track, 2400 tape drive. mode identifiers in the control command were for set density set parity on/off set data converter on/off set translation on/off request tie (track in error)

table of actual bits:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#34 9-track tapes (by the armful)

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

OT What movies have taught us about Computers

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: OT What movies have taught us about Computers
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 09 May 2003 14:26:21 GMT

in the late '70s, when there was the consolidation of the US HONE centers in palo alto ... there was max'ed out cluster (of SMPs) all connected to really huge disk farm (supporting all field, sales, branch office, people in the US ... I think there were approx. 40,000 user ids in the complex). About a year after the local cluster was all operational ... then it was replicated in Dallas (because of concerns of natural disasters in cal.) with cluster operation between Palo Alto and Dallas. Then a third cluster was integrated into the operation in Boulder.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone

later when we were doing HA/CMP ...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
we coined the term disaster survivability & geographic survivability ... as the extension to disaster recovery.

misc. past hot standby & Peer-Coupled Shared Data posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#35a Drive letters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#37 What is MVS/ESA?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#40 Comparison Cluster vs SMP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#71 High Availabilty on S/390
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#77 Are mainframes relevant ??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#92 MVS vs HASP vs JES (was 2821)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#128 Examples of non-relational databases
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#13 Computer of the century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#45 Does the word "mainframe" still have a meaning?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#47 Does the word "mainframe" still have a meaning?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#30 OT?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#54 360 Architecture, Multics, ... was (Re: X86 ultimate CISC? No.)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#69 Wheeler and Wheeler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#70 Pentium 4 Prefetch engine?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#71 Pentium 4 Prefetch engine?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#44 Where are IBM z390 SPECint2000 results?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#44 The Alpha/IA64 Hybrid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#23 OT - Internet Explorer V6.0
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#13 HP-UX will not be ported to Alpha (no surprise)exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#14 HP-UX will not be ported to Alpha (no surprise)exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#18 HP-UX will not be ported to Alpha (no surprise)exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#47 five-nines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#3 News IBM loses supercomputer crown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#47 Sysplex Info
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#85 The demise of compaq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#73 Where did text file line ending characters begin?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#45 M$ SMP and old time IBM's LCMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#14 Home mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#68 META: Newsgroup cliques?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#54 Newbie: Two quesions about mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#37 Calculating expected reliability for designed system

misc. past disaster/geographic survivability posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#23 Fear of Multiprocessing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#145 Q: S/390 on PowerPC?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#184 Clustering systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm2.htm#availability A different architecture? (was Re: certificate path
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay2.htm#cadis disaster recovery cross-posting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#27 Could CDR-coding be on the way back?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#33 Where do the filesystem and RAID system belong?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#41 Where do the filesystem and RAID system belong?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#46 The Alpha/IA64 Hybrid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#41 Withdrawal Announcement 901-218 - No More 'small machines'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#43 Withdrawal Announcement 901-218 - No More 'small machines'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#46 Withdrawal Announcement 901-218 - No More 'small machines'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#48 Withdrawal Announcement 901-218 - No More 'small machines'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#49 Withdrawal Announcement 901-218 - No More 'small machines'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#23 OT - Internet Explorer V6.0
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#13 HP-UX will not be ported to Alpha (no surprise)exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#18 HP-UX will not be ported to Alpha (no surprise)exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#47 Sysplex Info
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#44 Calculating a Gigalapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#39 VAX, M68K complex instructions (was Re: Did Intel Bite Off More Than It Can Chew?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#67 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#68 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#4 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#24 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#15 Large Banking is the only chance for Mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002m.html#5 Dumb Question - Hardend Site ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#54 Newbie: Two quesions about mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#38 Calculating expected reliability for designed system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#36 Super Anti War Computers

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

IBM system 370

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM system 370
Newsgroups: comp.lang.asm370
Date: Fri, 09 May 2003 14:44:52 GMT

misc. fs posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

IBM system 370

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM system 370
Newsgroups: comp.lang.asm370
Date: Sat, 10 May 2003 03:56:32 GMT

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Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

chad... the unknown story

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: chad... the unknown story...
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sat, 10 May 2003 16:22:53 GMT

there is some overlap, since the person telling me was on assignment from canada to the vm/370 group ... which, at the time, was also housed in 545 tech sq (as well as housing the cambridge science center).

The cp/67 group originally was a minor split from the science center on 4th floor of 545 tech. sq. as cp/67 morphed into vm/370, it absorbed the boston programming center on the 3rd floor. when the vm/370 group ourgrew the 3rd floor, they moved into the sbc (which had been sold off to cdc) bldg in burlington mall.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia 20th anv https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

UNIX on LINUX on VM/ESA or z/VM

Date: Mon, 12 May 2003 07:37:15 -0600
From: lynn@garlic.com
Newsgroups: bit.listserv.vmesa-l
Subject: UNIX on LINUX on VM/ESA or z/VM

Many of the same Palo Alto people also responsible for the early work on UCLA's Locus unix ... which became AIX/370 and AIX/PS2 ... aka both AIX/370 and AIX/PS2 were UCLA Locus base. In some sense, the Locus work is SAA for unix ... supporting file and process migration and caching between the mainframe and PCs.

AIX for the RT evolved into AIX for RS/6000. One of the biggest differences between the AIX/RT and AIX/6000, was that the RT version was built on top of the VRM (virtual resource manager (a sort of abstract virtual machine layer, aix ran on top of RT's vrm, aos ran on the RT's bare metal) ... which was eliminated in the transition to the 6000.

misc. 801/romp/rios references:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801

long unix posting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#54 Filesystems

random past postings:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#49 IBM RT PC (was Re: What does AT stand for ?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#64 distributed locking patents
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#8 IBM Linux
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#65 "all-out" vs less aggressive designs (was: Re: 36 to 32 bit transition)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#27 OCF, PC/SC and GOP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#68 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#69 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#70 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#44 Options for Delivering Mainframe Reports to Outside Organizat ions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#49 Options for Delivering Mainframe Reports to Outside Organizat ions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#18 Linux IA-64 interrupts [was Re: Itanium benchmarks ...]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#15 OS/360 (was LINUS for S/390)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#1 Anybody remember the wonderful PC/IX operating system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#20 VM-CMS emulator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#22 Early AIX including AIX/370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#17 mainframe question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#18 mainframe question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#36 windows XP and HAL: The CP/M way still works in 2002
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#31 2 questions: diag 68 and calling convention
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#65 Bettman Archive in Trouble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#54 Unisys A11 worth keeping?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#63 Hercules and System/390 - do we need it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#81 McKinley Cometh
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#36 Difference between Unix and Linux?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#54 SHARE MVT Project anniversary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#67 Mainframe Spreadsheets - 1980's History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#40 I found the Olsen Quote
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#45 Linux paging
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003c.html#49 Filesystems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#8 IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM

IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
monopoly
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 12 May 2003 15:37:04 GMT

When I was undergraduate ... doing lots of operating system work ... there was a period of time (berore 6/23/69) where novice system engineers were rotated thru the university account every couple months ... in effect, I was given the opportunity for providing them intern training.

and for a little drift, some recent URLs to my favorite person regarding large organization operation:
http://www.post-gazette.com/World/20030413warspeedwp4.asp
http://www.forbes.com/2003/04/23/cz_df_0423ooda.html
http://ceo-notes.us/samplearticle.htm

in general:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html#boyd

misc. past post re: unbundling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#58 When did IBM go object only
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#18 On RC4 in C
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#30 mainframe question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#27 IBM SHRINKS by 10 percent
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#28 OS Workloads : Interactive etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#62 Computers in Science Fiction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#44 50 years ago (1952)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#2 IBM OS source code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#7 myths about Multics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#18 unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#56 Reviving Multics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#58 40th Anniversary of IBM System/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#66 software pricing

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Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Does PowerPC 970 has Tagged TLBs (Address Space Identifiers)

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Does PowerPC 970 has Tagged TLBs (Address Space Identifiers)
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Mon, 12 May 2003 16:03:27 GMT

With 801 (starting in the '70s) ... and inverted tables ... there was no longer an address space specific tables. 801, rather than having an address space in real storage than could be use as a tag to uniquely tag TLB-entries ... when to tag bits for each virtual segment. In the original 370 architecture, this was referred to as STE-associative (or PTO-associative .... TLB entries were tagged using the origin address of each segment page table).

ROMP supported a 12-bit tag. There were 16 segment registers (in 32-bit address) and the currently active address space was defined by loading specific tag values in each of the 16 segment registers. On a TLB miss, a new entry was loaded with the real address ... and the corresponding 12bit segment tag value. In this sense, there was no address space specific ID ... instead each virtual segment (256mbytes of 32-bit address space) had unique TLB tag. Not only wasn't it necessary to flush and reload the complex TLB on an address space switch ... but since the TLB entries were virtual segment associative ... rather than virtual address space associative ... it was possible for shared segments across multiple address spaces to share the same TLB entries.

The original 360/67 from the 60s didn't support multiple address spaces and therefor flushed and refilled the TLB (actually it had a fully associative arry) on each address space change.

The high-end 370s (sarting in the early '70s) had multi-tagged TLB. The 370/165 & 370/168 had a seven entry STO-stack ... aka it could remember up to seven STOs and there was a three bit TAG for each TLB ... corresponding to the seven STOs remembered in the STO-stack. Loading an active STO that wasn't in the STO stack ... resulted in scavenging one of the current seven STOs and flushing all of the corresponding TLB entires.

The 12bit segment-id tag for ROMP (PC/RT) from the early '80s ... gave rise to the reference that ROMP had 40bit virtual addressing (aka 28bit displacement of a segment plus 12bit tag). RIOS (RS/6000) doubled the segment-id tag bits to 24 ... giving rise to desciptions of RIOS having 52bit virtual addressing.

The mainframe 370 generations never did go to STE-associative ... even tho they were finding that half of the TLB entries tended to be shared kernel entries. In the early '80s ... the mainframe added a special super bit tag ... effectively which was the common tag that was to refer to the set of common, shared entries across all address spaces. This was a very specific case for the major operating system MVS.

related discussion on whether or not the TLB tag bits can be considered part of the virtual address space bits:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#0 Resolved: There Are No Programs With >32 Bits of Text
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#12 Resolved: There Are No Programs With >32 Bits of Text

misc. past 801/romp/rios refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

entity authentication with non-repudiation

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: entity authentication with non-repudiation
Newsgroups: sci.crypt
Date: Tue, 13 May 2003 17:46:53 GMT

digital signatures say can be implemented with a hardware token ... where a hardware token requires a pin ... resulting in 2-factor authentication, aka something you have (token) and something you know (pin). However, this still doesn't actually convey the sense of intent, agrees, approves, and/or authorizes, in the sense of a human signature.

in simple message authentication in conjunction with entity authentication ... it is possible to establish that the message hasn't been modified since it was transmitted. however, that isn't sufficient to establish that a human agrees with the meaning of the contents of the message ... and that the human has even had access to some meaningful representation of the bits that were digitally signed.

non-repudiation can carry with it the concept that not only did you sign the message ... but you actually read, understood, agree with the contents of the message ... aka your digital signature shows an intention that you agree with the contents and meaning of the message ... not simply that you signed a message.

recent intention/non-repudiation discussions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#5 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#6 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#7 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#8 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#9 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#11 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#12 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#13 Words, Books, and Key Usage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#14 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#15 Meaning of Non-repudiation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#19 Message (authentication/integrity); was: Re: CRC-32 collision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#29 Message (authentication/integrity); was: Re: CRC-32 collision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#37 unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003h.html#29 application of unique signature

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

OT What movies have taught us about Computers

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: OT What movies have taught us about Computers
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Wed, 14 May 2003 14:32:57 GMT

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Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

IBM system 370

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM system 370
Newsgroups: comp.lang.asm370
Date: Wed, 14 May 2003 19:19:14 GMT

somewhat as a result of my working set size benchamrking ... they did a little magic to the memory board and got another 128k bytes added, making 512k bytes available (but also resulted in a couple month delay in the product) ... which was still not quite enuf to keep many applications from page thrashing.

the a74 (which was in an expansion box to xt/at) did much better with 4mbyte memory and a processor engine that did 370 maybe ten times faster than the one on the xt/370 card. misc a74 references:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#55 Why not an IBM zSeries workstation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#56 Why not an IBM zSeries workstation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#19 Very CISC Instuctions (Was: why the machine word size ...)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#51 DARPA was: Short Watson Biography
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#4 IBM Mainframe at home
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#27 End of Moore's law and how it can influence job market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#56 ECPS:VM DISPx instructions

random past xt/at/370 posts.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#42 bloat
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#23 Old IBM's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#5 IBM XT/370 and AT/370 (was Re: Computer of the century)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#29 Operating systems, guest and actual
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#75 Mainframe operating systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#52 Why not an IBM zSeries workstation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#55 Why not an IBM zSeries workstation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#69 Z/90, S/390, 370/ESA (slightly off topic)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#89 database (or b-tree) page sizes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#28 IBM's "VM for the PC" c.1984??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#53 S/370 PC board
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#19 Very CISC Instuctions (Was: why the machine word size ...)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#20 Very CISC Instuctions (Was: why the machine word size ...)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#24 HP Compaq merger, here we go again.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#92 "blocking factors" (Was: Tapes)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#4 Buffer overflow
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#11 The demise of compaq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#43 IBM 5100 [Was: First DESKTOP Unix Box?]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#45 IBM 5100 [Was: First DESKTOP Unix Box?]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#4 IBM Mainframe at home
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#44 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#49 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#50 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#52 Mainframes and "mini-computers"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#50 crossreferenced program code listings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#76 HONE was .. Hercules and System/390 - do we need it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#0 Resolved: There Are No Programs With >32 Bits of Text
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#8 Alpha performance, why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#56 ECPS:VM DISPx instructions

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Segments, capabilities, buffer overrun attacks

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Segments, capabilities, buffer overrun attacks
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Thu, 15 May 2003 00:22:15 GMT

another built by one of the vm/370 time-sharing service bureaus, tymshare ... originally called gnosis ... currently referred to as keykos.

keykos references:
http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~KeyKOS

from above:
KeyKOS ® is a persistent, pure capability operating system. In talking about it with many people over the past few years, I've received many requests for papers and other information. This page is an attempt to collect KeyKOS-related information in one place. The collection of papers provided here is available thanks to the cooperation of the publishers, the authors, and some seriously overworked OCR software.

EROS (the Extremely Reliable Operating System) is a close derivative of KeyKOS that runs on Intel-family machines. Further information on EROS can be found at the EROS Home Page

.... extremely reliable operating system:
http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~eros/

when m/d bought tymshare ... tymnet got sold off to bt ... and gnosis was spun off as an independent startup, key logic.

other keykos references:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#69 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#73 7090 vs. 7094 etc.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#33 Did AT&T offer Unix to Digital Equipment in the 70s?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#35 Did AT&T offer Unix to Digital Equipment in the 70s?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#10 TSS/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#59 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#0 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#4 markup vs wysiwyg (was: Re: learning how to use a computer)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#43 IBM doing anything for 50th Anniv?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#63 Hercules and System/390 - do we need it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#75 30th b'day

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs.
 IBMmonopoly
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 15 May 2003 12:31:18 GMT

misc past KISS refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay3.htm#gaping gaping holes in security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#nonrep3 non-repudiation, was Re: crypto flaw in secure mail standards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay7.htm#3dsecure4 3D Secure Vulnerabilities? Photo ID's and Payment Infrastructure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm2.htm#mcomfort Human Nature
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#kiss1 KISS for PKIX. (Was: RE: ASN.1 vs XML (used to be RE: I-D ACTION :draft-ietf-pkix-scvp- 00.txt))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#kiss2 Common misconceptions, was Re: KISS for PKIX. (Was: RE: ASN.1 vs XML (used to be RE: I-D ACTION :draft-ietf-pkix-scvp-00.txt))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#kiss3 KISS for PKIX. (Was: RE: ASN.1 vs XML (used to be RE: I-D ACTION :draft-ietf-pkix-scvp- 00.txt))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#kiss4 KISS for PKIX. (Was: RE: ASN.1 vs XML (used to be RE: I-D ACTION :draft-ietf-pkix-scvp- 00.txt))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#kiss5 Common misconceptions, was Re: KISS for PKIX. (Was: RE: ASN.1 vs XML (used to be RE: I-D ACTION :draft-ietf-pkix-scvp- 00.txt))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#kiss6 KISS for PKIX. (Was: RE: ASN.1 vs XML (used to be RE: I-D ACTION :draft-ietf-pkix-scvp- 00.txt))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#kiss7 KISS for PKIX. (Was: RE: ASN.1 vs XML (used to be RE: I-D ACTION :draft-ietf-pkix-scvp- 00.txt))
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#kiss8 KISS for PKIX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#kiss9 KISS for PKIX .... password/digital signature
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm3.htm#kiss10 KISS for PKIX. (authentication/authorization seperation)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm5.htm#liex509 Lie in X.BlaBla...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm7.htm#3dsecure 3D Secure Vulnerabilities?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm8.htm#softpki10 Software for PKI
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm10.htm#hackhome Hackers Targeting Home Computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm10.htm#boyd AN AGILITY-BASED OODA MODEL FOR THE e-COMMERCE/e-BUSINESS ENTERPRISE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#10 Federated Identity Management: Sorting out the possibilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm11.htm#30 Proposal: A replacement for 3D Secure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#19 TCPA not virtualizable during ownership change (Re: Overcoming the potential downside of TCPA)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm12.htm#54 TTPs & AADS Was: First Data Unit Says It's Untangling Authentication
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#16 A challenge
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm13.htm#20 surrogate/agent addenda (long)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#76 Invisible Ink, E-signatures slow to broadly catch on (addenda)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#77 Invisible Ink, E-signatures slow to broadly catch on (addenda)

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Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

OT What movies have taught us about Computers

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: OT What movies have taught us about Computers
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Thu, 15 May 2003 12:54:25 GMT

some discussion of pro-rated i-fetch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#10a Speed of APL on 360s, was Any DEC 340 Display System Doco ?

detailed description of execute instruction:
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/DZ9AR004/7.5.37?DT=19970613131822

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OT What movies have taught us about Computers

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: OT What movies have taught us about Computers
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 16 May 2003 11:40:26 GMT

the alternative was that 360/370 had to check for the case that the previous instruction actually modified the storage occupied by the following instruction ... even if that instruction had already been fetched; aka on the 360/65/67 .. it used a double word i-fetch ... so the previous instruction (1st 4bytes) may have modified the storage occupied by the following instruction (2nd 4bytes) ... even tho the following instruction had already been fetched.

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Question about Unix "heritage"

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Question about Unix "heritage"
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 16 May 2003 11:21:51 GMT

aixv3 for the 6000 had the addition of the journaled file system that utilized some unique hardware on rios to keep track of changed metadata that was periodically harvested for logging (as well as the elimination of the VRM from the RT). the palo alto group that did AOS (bsd) for the RT (to the bare metal w/o the vrm ... which was a project that had originally started out as bsd for 370), lots of the early locus work, misc. other unix related activities ... also did a version of the journaled file system with traditional logging calls (and no requirement for special rios hardware) ... which turned out to actually run faster (than the original version using the special hardware).

aix/ps2 and aix/370 were both ucla locus ports. basically locus file migration/caching as well as locus process migration. misc:
http://ficus-www.cs.ucla.edu/ficus-members/popek/index.html

here is a pdf file that is available several places on the net showing lots of unix lineage:
http://www.vicfug.au.freebsd.org/vicfug2002/freebsd_kernel/unix_a4.pdf

if you can follow across page breaks ... it does show locus being ancestor of aix/ps2 & aix/370. also locus (ucla locally cooperating unix systems) diverging prior to V7.

sort of the above file ...
http://home.highway.ne.jp/michio/oldmac/oshistory/UNIX_History.pdf

misc from search engine:
http://www.skypoint.net/members/probert/jun95-meeting.html

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

employee motivation & executive compensation

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: employee motivation & executive compensation
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Fri, 16 May 2003 11:32:22 GMT

a html version

http://www.belisarius.com/
https://web.archive.org/web/20010722050327/http://www.belisarius.com/

last section that i had transcribed from long ago and far way (the copy i transcribed from was a slightly earlier version than presented in the above belisarius web site, aka 1983 vis-a-vis 1987):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#8

Illumination
------------

Reflection upon the statements associated with the Epitome of Command and Control leave one unsettled as to the accuracy of these statements. Why? Command, by definition, means to direct, order, or compel while control means to regulate, restrain, or hold to a certain standard as well as to direct or command.

Against these standards it seems that the command and control (C&C) we are speaking of is different than the kind that is being applied. In this sense, the C&C we are speaking of seems more closely aligned to leadership (rather than command) and to some kind of monitoring ability (rather than control) that permits leadership to be effective.

In other words, leadership with monitoring, rather than C&C, seems to be a better way to cope with the multi-faceted aspects of uncertainty, change, and stress. On the other hand, monitoring, per se, does not appear to be an adequate substitute for control. Instead, after some sorting and reflection, the idea of appreciation seems better. Why? First of all, appreciation includes the recognition of worth or value and the idea of clear perception as well as the ability to monitor. Moreover, next, it is difficult to believe that leadership can even exist without appreciation.

Pulling these threads together suggests that appreciation and leadership offer a more appropriate and richer means than C&C for shaping and adapting to circumstances.

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Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Segments, capabilities, buffer overrun attacks

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Segments, capabilities, buffer overrun attacks
Newsgroups: comp.arch
Date: Fri, 16 May 2003 11:48:56 GMT

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Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

How is a smartcard created?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: How is a smartcard created?
Newsgroups: alt.technology.smartcards
Date: Thu, 15 May 2003 20:03:13 GMT

then there are sims that are slightly larger than the contact case that a chip is fitted into. these get manufactured, printed, etc in 7816/payment plastic card form factor ... but have slots punched out around the contact case ... so you get something that easily fits inside stuff like cell phone (aka most of the plastic card removed, but leverages all the existing manufacturing facilities).

lots of smartcard manufacturing starts with standard white plastic payment card ... which then has depression milled out for the chip contact case to be fitted into. color and printed then is added afterwards as in standard (magstripe) payment card operation.

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Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

How is a smartcard created?

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: How is a smartcard created?
Newsgroups: alt.technology.smartcards
Date: Fri, 16 May 2003 11:53:19 GMT

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Question about Unix "heritage"

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Question about Unix "heritage"
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Sun, 18 May 2003 13:31:40 GMT

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Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

employee motivation & executive compensation

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: employee motivation & executive compensation
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 19 May 2003 14:01:28 GMT

the whole OODA-loop paradigm (that he invented) is extremely skilled, knowledgable, well traiend, agile, and adaptive people and organizations. OODA-loop, operating much faster/agile than competition also implies observation interpreted with understanding and wisdom.

He made some references that the top heavy, cumbersome infrastructures were a reflection of many young people having obtained their training and orientation for running large organization in the US Army in WW2 ... and finally coming of age, in charge of many of these large institutions.

There was observations that going into WW2, the US had enormous numbers of 90 day wonders with little or no experience. To leverage the scarce amount of any experience ... extremely tightly-controlled organization was created that relied on enormous amounts of resources under extremely strict, top-down heavy-handed control. Strategy was to win operations with ten to one resource superiority.

That was contrasted with the blitzkrieg where Guderian directed verbal orders only. There was somewhat assumption that the definition of auditors were those people that go around the battlefield after the war, stabbing the wounded. Lack of paper trail, helped incent the person on the spot to make dynamic, adaptive decisions.

misc. past refs to verbal orders only
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#120 atomic History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#29 Review of Steve McConnell's AFTER THE GOLD RUSH
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#16 mainframe question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#36 Mainframers: Take back the light (spotlight, that is)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#38 Mainframers: Take back the light (spotlight, that is)

misc. boyd refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Question about Unix "heritage"

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Question about Unix "heritage"
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 19 May 2003 16:08:33 GMT

note that during this period palo alto was working with locus and had locus up and running on a combination of 68k and s/1 platforms

guy that was in charge of the apl group in stl ... transferred to palo alto in 1986 to head up (new) group doing the bsd port to vm/370. I was involved early on ... in part because i had been working on getting a C front-end to vs/pascal ... and in the middle of that, the person that had was doing work left and joined metaware (the pascal work had been done by two people from the los gatos VLSI lab using some amount of metaware technologies, the other person had left a couple years early to go on to be vp of software development at mips). i followed up with the palo alto group regarding using metaware for the c 370 compiler (based in part on the work of the same person). when the bsd work was retargeted to the rt, the metaware compiler was kept as the basis. misc. metaware refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#20 Is Al Gore The Father of the Internet?^
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#66 Mainframe Spreadsheets - 1980's History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002q.html#19 Beyond 8+3
(Wonder what happened to those folks after the Cambridge Scientific Center was closed? The most recent mention I could find for them with a little Googling was a 1996 Usenet post from Dave. There's a David Berkowitz at Verisign, but he seems to be more a PR person, so I suspect it's a different one.)

csc moved out of 4th 545 tech sq down the street to 101 main street and then all the science centers were dissolved. when my wife were doing ha/cmp in our skunk works ... we subcontracted out much of the work to CLaM ... "C" was for guy that had been part of science center in the 60s and part of the cp/67 group. he moved to gburg/fsd in the late 60s ... and at one time was responsible for part of FS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
and my wife worked for him at that time. he retired and returned to the boston area in the late 80s ... and founded (initially) 3 person software company with the initials of the founders. As ha/cmp (& CLaM) work ramped up ... CLaM took over the science center quarters at 101 main ... after the science center was dissolved (and hired some number of csc people).

some number of CSC alumni seem to be working at state street. We recently compiled email list ... both from the 545 tech sq era ... as well as 101 main street era; in part because of:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#60 founder, cambridge science center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech

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Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Question about Unix "heritage"

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Question about Unix "heritage"
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 19 May 2003 16:30:13 GMT

... oh yes, after initial AOS was done ... a lot of work was done by general ACIS, general cambridge science center ... but also in support of Project Athena ... both by cambridge and ACIS. DEC & IBM had both funded project athena equally to the tune of $25m each ... and a lot of that (on ibm side) were AOS-based RTs ... and some unix on PS2s.

Some number of the people were IBMers working on project athena stuff at the science center ... and some number were IBMers directly assigned to project athena. One of the letters in CLaM (project athena, pre-CLaM, pre-hacmp) was getting both 8514 display support and megapel display support into X (my wife and I did some audit visits to project athena ... i have recollections of sitting thru detailed description of Kerberos for cross-domain, inter-organization support)

random project athena refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#35a Drive letters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#37 What is MVS/ESA?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#33 John Mashey's greatest hits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#54 Unisys A11 worth keeping?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#18 cost of crossing kernel/user boundary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#46 Horror stories: high system call overhead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#50 Origin of Kerberos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#2 IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#3 IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM

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Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

Smartcards and devices

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: Smartcards and devices
Newsgroups: comp.security.misc
Date: Mon, 19 May 2003 16:46:53 GMT

some of the most successful stored-value chip cards have been the transit cards ... the cubic cards in the US ... the octopus card (from mitsubishi/sony) originally deployed for subway/bus/etc transit in Hong Kong. The transit chip cards have been contactless/proximity with relatively tight timing requirements (100ms transaction thru transit gate). the various competing transit proximity chip cards have contributed to the proliferation of acceptable specifications in iso 14443. the majority of these have been anonymous stored-value ... in part because of the tight timing requirements getting thru the transit gate (especially in the subway/light-rail systems).

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Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

PKINIT

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: PKINIT
Newsgroups: comp.protocols.kerberos
Date: Mon, 19 May 2003 17:08:26 GMT

It isn't mandated that the method for conveying the public key (for authenticating the corresponding digital signature) only be done by certificate-based process. It is possible to use existing business process for registering authentication material ... for register public key in same business process that would be used for registering a password. In this manner, the business process stays the same, but it changes from a shared-secret based authentication material to a non-shared-secret based authentication material.

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The figures of merit that make mainframes worth the price

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: The figures of merit that make mainframes worth the price
Newsgroups: comp.arch,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Mon, 19 May 2003 19:40:53 GMT

i've mentioned before that one of the largest high-value financial networks attributed 100 percent availability over extended number of years to
• ims hot-standby (failure take-over technology)
• automated operator

the mainframe batch systems forever have had orientation that the entities responsible for running the application aren't actually there. the batch system paradigms have evolved a number of features over the last 30-40 years to handle situation where the programs & applications are to run in automated fashion (compared to the interactive platforms that are oriented towards default of presenting messages to a human that is presumably present & responsible for running the program).

the early years of batch system tended to have human "operators" for handling various tasks that hadn't yet been totally automated (mounting necessary disk packs or tapes); these weren't the people actually responsible for the operation of the application ... but for performing activities at the programs request (as opposed to the somewhat reverse interactive paradigm where the application is performing tasks at the human's request).

In any case, humans sometimes make mistakes ... even operators that supposedly are performing very specific tasks under system direction. automated operator ... was to remove human mistake element which was becoming a larger percentage of failures ... as other factors were being eliminated.

random past automated operator refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#2 Schedulers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#71 High Availabilty on S/390
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#107 Computer History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#128 Examples of non-relational databases
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#136a checks (was S/390 on PowerPC?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#22 Computer of the century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#12 Amdahl Exits Mainframe Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#43 Life as a programmer--1960, 1965?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#13 LINUS for S/390
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#70 Pentium 4 Prefetch engine?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#71 Pentium 4 Prefetch engine?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#44 Where are IBM z390 SPECint2000 results?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#47 Where are IBM z390 SPECint2000 results?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#8 VM: checking some myths.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#14 HP-UX will not be ported to Alpha (no surprise)exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#18 HP-UX will not be ported to Alpha (no surprise)exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#47 five-nines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#47 Sysplex Info
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#85 The demise of compaq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#24 Buffer overflow
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#68 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#73 Where did text file line ending characters begin?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#62 Itanium2 performance data from SGI
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#27 why does wait state exist?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#14 Home mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#54 Newbie: Two quesions about mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#37 Calculating expected reliability for designed system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#3 Disk capacity and backup solutions

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

employee motivation & executive compensation

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: employee motivation & executive compensation
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 20 May 2003 00:05:41 GMT

he also tells of spending over a year carefully preparing for the 18 page newsweek article (in the early '80s) ... so that when it hit ... there was a very carefully crafted paper trail covering all material. Various forces in the pentagon spent so much time trying to pin something worng on him ... that supposedly in frustration (over not finding any violations) there was an edict relocating him from the pentagon to some place in alaska along with a ban that he could never enter the pentagon again.

The Winds of Reform (7Mar1983 Chuck Spinney TIME article)
https://web.archive.org/web/20070320170523/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953733,00.html
also
https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953733,00.html

misc. general overview:
http://www.d-n-i.net/fcs/boyd_thesis.htm
and of course:
http://www.belisarius.com/
https://web.archive.org/web/20010722050327/http://www.belisarius.com/

and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html#boyd

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

employee motivation & executive compensation

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: employee motivation & executive compensation
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 20 May 2003 00:23:04 GMT

there was article in the early '90s during desert storm about boyd's fight to change how america fights ... and his "jedi knights" ... the current crop of majors & cols that have heard him lecture in various places.

there was supposedly some recent quote attributed to cheney that one of the problems that they were facing in the current action in the mideast was that boyd wasn't still here to put it all together (again); again see bios and various online refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html#boyd

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
 monopoly
Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 20 May 2003 01:18:05 GMT

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

The figures of merit that make mainframes worth the price

From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com>
Subject: Re: The figures of merit that make mainframes worth the price
Newsgroups: comp.arch,alt.folklore.computers
Date: Tue, 20 May 2003 14:24:18 GMT

the claim is that the basis for parallel sysplex is peer-coupled shared data that my wife originated when she did her stint in POK responsible for loosely-coupled architecture (aka interconnected, but non-shared memory multiprocessor operation).

when we were doing ha/cmp,
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp

we coined the terms disaster survivability and geographic survivability (as contrast to the more common disaster/recovery). we were asked to write a section in the corporate continuous availability strategy document ... however, both Rochester and POK non-concurred with what we had written (in part because at the time they had no products that could support such operation).

lots of past disaster/geographic survivability & peer-coupled shared data postings:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#23 Fear of Multiprocessing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#40 Comparison Cluster vs SMP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#71 High Availabilty on S/390
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#77 Are mainframes relevant ??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#92 MVS vs HASP vs JES (was 2821)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#100 Why won't the AS/400 die? Or, It's 1999 why do I have to learn how to use
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#128 Examples of non-relational databases
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#145 Q: S/390 on PowerPC?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#184 Clustering systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#13 Computer of the century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#30 OT?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#37 OT?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#27 Could CDR-coding be on the way back?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#33 Where do the filesystem and RAID system belong?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#41 Where do the filesystem and RAID system belong?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#73 7090 vs. 7094 etc.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#69 Wheeler and Wheeler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#71 Pentium 4 Prefetch engine?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001e.html#2 Block oriented I/O over IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#44 The Alpha/IA64 Hybrid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#46 The Alpha/IA64 Hybrid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#76 Other oddball IBM System 360's ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#41 Withdrawal Announcement 901-218 - No More 'small machines'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#43 Withdrawal Announcement 901-218 - No More 'small machines'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#46 Withdrawal Announcement 901-218 - No More 'small machines'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#48 Withdrawal Announcement 901-218 - No More 'small machines'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#49 Withdrawal Announcement 901-218 - No More 'small machines'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#23 OT - Internet Explorer V6.0
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#13 HP-UX will not be ported to Alpha (no surprise)exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#18 HP-UX will not be ported to Alpha (no surprise)exit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#47 Sysplex Info
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#44 Calculating a Gigalapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#54 Computer Naming Conventions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#39 VAX, M68K complex instructions (was Re: Did Intel Bite Off More Than It Can Chew?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#67 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#68 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#4 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#6 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#48 Why did OSI fail compared with TCP-IP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#12 Why did OSI fail compared with TCP-IP?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#24 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#69 Hercules and System/390 - do we need it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#45 M$ SMP and old time IBM's LCMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#15 Large Banking is the only chance for Mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002m.html#5 Dumb Question - Hardend Site ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#67 Mainframe Spreadsheets - 1980's History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#68 META: Newsgroup cliques?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#54 Newbie: Two quesions about mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002q.html#35 HASP:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003.html#38 Calculating expected reliability for designed system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#67 unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#36 Super Anti War Computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003h.html#9 Why did TCP become popular ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003h.html#31 OT What movies have taught us about Computers

--
Anne & Lynn Wheeler | lynn@garlic.com - https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/
Internet trivia, 20th anniv: https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm

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