From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 06 Dec 2013 13:28:59 -0500hancock4 writes:
in 1990, the us auto industry had c4 task force ... looking at completely remaking themselves ... and because they were expecting to make heavy use of technology ... they invited representatives from technology companies to send representatives. In the meetings they could describe in detail the foreign competition ... and what needed to be done (however, as seen ... they still weren't able to remake themselves).
One of the issues they pointed out ... was japanese recognized that with the quotas set ... they could sell that many high-end cars (and make much larger profit) ... as entry cars. The industry standard was 7-8yrs elapsed time from car design to rolling off the line. As part of the changing their product ... they cut the product elapsed time in half from 7-8yrs to 3-4yrs. This had a side-effect of making the japanese twice as agile as US industry in being able to adapt to changing consumer preferences and/or technology. At the time of the C4 meetings, there was claim that the Japanese were in the process of cutting that elapsed time in half again (being able to go from design to rolling off the line in 18m ... making their reaction time four times faster than us, greatly increasing the competitive advantage in any sort of dynamic, changing market).
past posts mentioning c4 task force meetings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#auto.c4.taskforce
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 06 Dec 2013 15:24:20 -0500Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
from the law of unintended consequences ... the import quotas was to reduce foreign competition ... allowing significant increase in domestic sales & profit (to be used to completely remamke themselves).
however, when foreign competition realized at the quota limits ... they could switch from selling low-end cards to selling that many high-end cars ... and make significant higher profit (the quoto was on unit sales not on gross sales). the switch of the foreign competition from low-end to high-end ... allowed domestic makers to significantly increase their prices (since the remaining low-end price pressure had been eliminated) .... significantly increasing us doemstic profit margin way past what was supposedly originally intended by congress (but still they just pocketed the money; not being used to remake the US industry).
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Did you see the one about the F-35 and F/A-18? Date: 06 Dec, 2013 Blog: FacebookDid you see the one about the F-35 and F/A-18?
Note that I've periodically pontificated that Boeing was contaminated by the M/D merger ... and MIC orientation to spreading bits&pieces of manufacturing all over the place. Recent article was that they were planning on saving a billion or two and several months with that approach for 787 ... but it cost them a couple years and several extra billions instead. Disclaimer: long ago and far away I was brought in to work at Boeing as part of re-organizing their dataprocessing into a separate business unit (to better monetize their significant investment in computers ... including "consolidation" ... a little like early cloud computing).
Big part in all of this is way behind schedule ( although frequent
updates of plan of record somewhat masks that problem) and tens of
millions of lines-of-code needed to be designed, written and debugged
... coupled with enormous funds that could have been going to
something newer ... in the mean time the rest of the world marches on
not the latest
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II
... but
In November 2010, the Center for Defense Information estimated that
the program would be restructured with an additional year of delay and
$5 billion in additional costs.[67] On 5 November 2010, the Block 1
software flew for the first time on BF-4.[68] As of the end of 2010,
only 15% of the software remained to be written, but this was reported
to include the most difficult sections such as data fusion.[69] In
2011, it was revealed that 50% of the eight million lines of code had
been written and that it would take another six years to complete the
software to the new schedule.[70] By 2012, the total estimated lines
of code for the entire program (onboard and offboard) had grown from
15 million lines to 24 million lines.[71]
... snip ...
2010, 85% lines of code total had been written ... 2011, 50% of 8m
lines-of-code had been written and would take another 6yrs to finish,
2012 lines-of-code looks like 24m (triple) ... and climbing
http://www.publicintegrity.org/2012/03/27/8510/fun-facts-about-f-35-fighter
Jan2013: F-35 software isn't ready for prime time, Pentagon report
says
http://www.nextgov.com/defense/2013/01/f-35-software-isnt-ready-prime-time-pentagon-report-says/60689/
from above:
The Defense Department has made "virtually no progress in the
development, integration, and laboratory testing" of software for
production versions of the F-35 Lightning II fighter aircraft, the
Pentagon's testing arm said in a report submitted to Congress Tuesday.
... snip ...
there are periodic observation about Japanese competition that before war2 all the best people worked for the gov. ... after ww2 the best Japanese were going to work for commercial companies. For the US that started to shift in the 90s ... especially with internet bubble ... simple example of gov. computer sysadmins being offered 4times their gov salary to leave and work in industry. That possibly corresponds with some of the gov. privatization ... but wasn't the actual justification. However 24m (or more) lines-of-code is an enormous number.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Inside the Box People don't actually like creativity. Date: 06 Dec, 2013 Blog: Boyd and Beyondnot just teachers don't like creative students ... (most?):
Inside the Box People don't actually like creativity.
http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/science/2013/12/creativity_is_rejected_teachers_and_bosses_don_t_value_out_of_the_box_thinking.html
Decades ago, head of IBM (watson) referred to the necessity for wild duck employees. After the failure of the future system effort in the early 70s resulted in shift in the culture with top executives trying to save face (make no waves and sycophancy in place of open debate). Somebody then created (wall) poster with ducks flying in formation and legend that wild ducks are tolerated as long as they fly in formation. Recently IBM had a 100yr celebration putting out various items ... one was about wild ducks ... but it had been respun as wild duck customers (not employees).
Boyd would tell a story that when he ran lightweight fighter program in the pentagon ... the one star he reported to came in to find the whole office in loud argument with Boyd (including lowly lieutenants). The one star called people together in auditorium and publicly fired Boyd for conduct unbecoming an officer. Later a four star called all the same people back into the auditorium, publicly rehired Boyd and told the one star never to do that again.
past refs to teachers disklike creative students
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#105 5 ways to keep your rockstar employees happy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#65 Teachers Don't Like Creative Students
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#71 Is orientation always because what has been observed? What are your 'direct' experiences?
other recent posts mentioning creativity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#66 How to Cut Megabanks Down to Size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#26 How to Cut Megabanks Down to Size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#10 The Knowledge Economy Two Classes of Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#18 What in your opinion is the one defining IBM product?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#26 The Big, Bad Bit Stuffers of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#84 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#55 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#77 IBM going ahead with more U.S. job cuts today
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#50 The Unleashed Mind: Why Creative People Are Eccentric
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#28 The Reformers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#39 Words Are Thinking Tools: Praxotype
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#74 Steve B sees what investors think
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#28 SNA vs TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#70 Teaching Smart People How to Learn
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Inside the Box People don't actually like creativity. Date: 07 Dec, 2013 Blog: Boyd and Beyondre:
from "Computer Wars: The Post-IBM World" Ferguson & Morris:
... and perhaps most damaging, the old culture under Watson Snr and Jr
of free and vigorous debate was replaced with sycophancy and make no
waves under Opel and Akers. It's claimed that thereafter, IBM lived in
the shadow of defeat
... and:
But because of the heavy investment of face by the top management, F/S
took years to kill, although its wrongheadedness was obvious from the
very outset. "For the first time, during F/S, outspoken criticism
became politically dangerous," recalls a former top executive.
... snip ...
FS was to completely replace the existing 360/370 mainframe technology
including killing and/or suspending 370 projects (which still
continues to this today). During the FS period, I continued to work on
360/370 and would periodically ridicule the FS activity (which wasn't
career enhancing ... getting told I had no career in the company
and/or any chance for promotion). After the FS failure, there was a
mad rush to get stuff back into the 370 product pipelines (and the
lack of new mainframe products during the FS period is credited with
giving clone processors a market foothold). Years later, during my
executive exit interview he told me that they could have forgiven me
for being wrong, but they were never going to forgive me for being
right. recent post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#57 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#78 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#87 IBM going ahead with more U.S. job cuts today
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#52 Bridgestone Sues IBM For $600 Million Over Allegedly 'Defective' System That Plunged The Company Into 'Chaos'
Note that Boyd's lightweight fighter lively arguments and debates were about technical matters, something the one star didn't understand.
other recent posts mentioning wild ducks, sycophancy,
and/or make no waves:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#12 How do we fight bureaucracy and bureaucrats in IBM?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#75 Fortran
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#18 What in your opinion is the one defining IBM product?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#26 The Big, Bad Bit Stuffers of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#39 As an IBM'er just like the Marines only a few good men and women make the cut,
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#81 How Criticizing in Private Undermines Your Team - Harvard Business Review
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#49 A Complete History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#10 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#73 Future of COBOL based on RDz policies was Re: RDz or RDzEnterprise developers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#90 spacewar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#22 Teletypewriter Model 33
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#49 The Original IBM Basic Beliefs for those that have never seen them
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#24 Voyager 1 just left the solar system using less computing powerthan your iP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#85 How do you feel about IBM passing off it's retirees to ObamaCare?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#72 In Command, but Out Of Control
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: Something to Think About - Optimal PDS Blocking Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 7 Dec 2013 10:11:28 -0800PaulGBoulder@AIM.COM (Paul Gilmartin) writes:
RAID just adds another layer on top of FBA ... further increasing the
distance of the artificial CKD simulation from anything remotely
considered real hardware.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAID
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: "hexadecimal"? Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 8 Dec 2013 16:40:17 -0800dlc.usa@GMAIL.COM (David L. Craig) writes:
... i also dragged in helping with a similar but different kind of
relational implementation ... that had a different way of convention for
3-value logic (& nulls/unknowns).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#40 How to cope with missing values - NULLS?
part of the issue with sql 3-value logic and nulls/unknowns was that the results could be the opposite of what people assumed.
3-value logic reference (also trivalent, ternary, trinary, trilean)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-valued_logic
includes section
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-valued_logic#Application_in_SQL
and references null (sql)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Null_%28SQL%29
as well as references ternary computer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ternary_computer
in the years since system/r & this other kind of relational ... i've
re-implemented versions a number of times from scratch ... i use it for
a number of things including ietf rfc (internet standards) index ... and
merged glossaries and taxonomies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/index.html
other posts mentioning 3-value logic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004l.html#75 NULL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005.html#15 Amusing acronym
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005i.html#35 The Worth of Verisign's Brand
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005m.html#19 Implementation of boolean types
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005t.html#23 So what's null then if it's not nothing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005t.html#33 What ever happened to Tandem and NonStop OS ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006e.html#34 CJ Date on Missing Information
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006q.html#22 3 value logic. Why is SQL so special?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006s.html#27 Why these original FORTRAN quirks?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#21 "The Elements of Programming Style"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#30 "The Elements of Programming Style"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#1 "The Elements of Programming Style"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#34 Is the Relational Database Doomed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#32 Old-school programming techniques you probably don't miss
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009r.html#65 You know you've been Lisp hacking to long when
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#8 Initial ideas (orientation) constrain creativity
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: Something to Think About - Optimal PDS Blocking Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 8 Dec 2013 16:45:53 -0800re:
original RAID patent from 1978 was by somebody in the san jose disk
group
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAID
... whom I actually worked with some when they let me play disk engineer
in bldgs 14&15
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
was originally added to s/38. s/38 is periodically referred to as vastly
simplified Future System implementation.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
One of the simplifications was dynamic "scatter" block allocation across all disks in the infrastructure ... treating all disks in the configuration as a single resource. as a result the whole infrastructure had to be backed up as single entity and restored as single entity. common failure mode of the period was single disk failure ... for s/38 required stopping the whole system, replacing the failed disk and doing a complete system restore ... which could be a 24hr event. RAID was used to mask single disk failure and the associated major recovery event.
majority RAID implementations these days are at the hardware controller level ... so single disk slices wouldn't be available at the software level.
RAID has been used for both availability (masking disk failure) and single thread throughput. One of the issues was single thread throughput was degradation for large DBMS infrastructures. More recent RAID options have tried to address both availability as well as multi-thread random access.
over the years, part of commoditizing of industry standard disks is driving MTBF from something like 80k hrs to 800k hrs (warranty costs across enormous number of disks).
MTBF has nearly doubled again. the major cloud operators do in-depth
studies of the issues involving component failures ... as part of
building their own servers (past news that chip manufacturers ship more
server chips directly to large cloud operators than to brand name server
vendors) and openly publish the information (something analogous to
mainframe industry group that published customer EREP information during
the heyday of mainframe clone processors).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hard_disk_drive_failure
from above:
The mean time between failures (MTBF) of SATA drives is usually
specified to be about 1.2 million hours (some drives such as Western
Digital Raptor have rated 1.4 million hours MTBF),[17] while SAS/FC
drives are rated for upwards of 1.6 million hours.[18]
... and
A 2007 study published by Google suggested very little correlation
between failure rates and either high temperature or activity
level. Indeed, the Google study indicated that "lower temperatures are
associated with higher failure rates"
... snip ...
2007 google disk failure report
http://storagemojo.com/2007/02/19/googles-disk-failure-experience/
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 09 Dec 2013 10:14:53 -0500Peter Flass <Peter_Flass@Yahoo.com> writes:
the 68k 370 emulation operated at approx. 100kips 370 and didn't provide any of the traditional i/o instructions ... vm370 was modified to emulate i/o by communicating with cp88 running on the 8088 processor ... which was then performed using standard pc facilities. cms file i/o and vm370 paging was emulated on standard xt/pc harddisk that did single block transfer at 100ms. the was glacierly slow compared to mainframe hard disks ... significantly aggravated by the large amount of filesystem i/o required by traditional mainframe applications.
i had earlier done some work on cp67 to get fixed kernel real storage
requirements down under 80kbytes ... but by the 80s ... vm370 was
running at least double that. old report that I did at share bout cp67
pathlength reduction and some page thrashing tests with os/360 (on real
360/67) ... before I did any work on cp67 kernel size reduction.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#18 CP/67 & OS MFT14
the original xt/370 prototype was "washington" and I was blamed for six month slip in first customer ship. Washington had 384kbytes of 370 "real" storage and after the (relatively bloated) fixed real storage requirements for vm370 kernel ... the little that was left resultetd in excessive page thrashing by the bloated memory requirements of the applications (brought over from MVS). The page thrashing was also significantly aggravated by the 100ms per page i/o operation simulated on the xt/pc harddisk.
I did instrumentation and measurements showing the enormous slowdown in response and human factors caused by the page thrashing. The result was they did a q&d hack to wire-in another 128kbytes of real storage for 512kbytes. This slightly moderated some of the page thrashing ... but a combination of bloated memory requirements and heavy filesystem i/o paradigm for every operation ... still resulted in slow response and poor human factors.
it wasn't until later with a74 gets 350kips 370 processing, 16mbyte of
370 memory ... and significantly faster hard disks that things become
more tolereable. old announcement about upgraded a74 going to be released
as 7437 vm/sp technical workstation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#email880622
past posts mentioning xt370, at370, and/or a74/7437
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#42 bloat
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#23 Old IBM's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#5 IBM XT/370 and AT/370 (was Re: Computer of the century)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#29 Operating systems, guest and actual
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#75 Mainframe operating systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#52 Why not an IBM zSeries workstation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#55 Why not an IBM zSeries workstation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#56 Why not an IBM zSeries workstation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#89 database (or b-tree) page sizes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#28 IBM's "VM for the PC" c.1984??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#53 S/370 PC board
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#19 Very CISC Instuctions (Was: why the machine word size ...)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#20 Very CISC Instuctions (Was: why the machine word size ...)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#51 DARPA was: Short Watson Biography
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#24 HP Compaq merger, here we go again.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#92 "blocking factors" (Was: Tapes)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#4 Buffer overflow
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#11 The demise of compaq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#43 IBM 5100 [Was: First DESKTOP Unix Box?]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#45 IBM 5100 [Was: First DESKTOP Unix Box?]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#4 IBM Mainframe at home
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#44 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#49 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#50 Blade architectures
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#52 Mainframes and "mini-computers"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#76 HONE was .. Hercules and System/390 - do we need it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#27 End of Moore's law and how it can influence job market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#8 Alpha performance, why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#56 ECPS:VM DISPx instructions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003h.html#40 IBM system 370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003m.html#15 IEFBR14 Problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#29 BLKSIZE question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004l.html#65 computer industry scenairo before the invention of the PC?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#7 Whatever happened to IBM's VM PC software?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#8 Whatever happened to IBM's VM PC software?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#10 Whatever happened to IBM's VM PC software?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#11 Whatever happened to IBM's VM PC software?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#13 Whatever happened to IBM's VM PC software?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#9 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005f.html#6 Where should the type information be: in tags and descriptors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005f.html#10 Where should the type information be: in tags and descriptors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006.html#10 How to restore VMFPLC dumped files on z/VM V5.1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006b.html#21 IBM 3090/VM Humor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006f.html#2 using 3390 mod-9s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#36 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#56 DCSS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#5 Not Your Dad's Mainframe: Little Iron
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#14 RCA Spectra 70/25: Another Mystery Computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#29 "The Elements of Programming Style"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#30 "The Elements of Programming Style"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#1 "The Elements of Programming Style"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007c.html#14 How many 36-bit Unix ports in the old days?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007c.html#23 How many 36-bit Unix ports in the old days?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#7 Has anyone ever used self-modifying microcode? Would it even be useful?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#25 modern paging
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007e.html#5 Is computer history taugh now?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#54 The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#76 The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#41 z/VM usability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007l.html#61 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007s.html#43 Intel Ships Power-Efficient Penryn CPUs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#15 folklore indeed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#29 Need Help filtering out sporge in comp.arch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#22 Was CMS multi-tasking?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#9 3277 terminals and emulators
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#73 Microsoft versus Digital Equipment Corporation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#33 What if the computers went back to the '70s too?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#38 "True" story of the birth of the IBM PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#46 pc/370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#68 New machine code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#2 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#15 Processes' memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#18 Processes' memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#20 Processes' memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#24 Processes' memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#36 Processes' memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#42 Mythical computers and magazine reviews
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#46 Mythical computers and magazine reviews
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#70 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#8 What was the historical price of a P/390?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#10 What was the historical price of a P/390?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#78 Notes on two presentations by Gordon Bell ca. 1998
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#55 Favourite computer history books?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#21 Mainframe Hall of Fame (MHOF)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#6 Other early NSFNET backbone
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#7 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#27 At least two decades back, some gurus predicted that mainframes would disappear in future and it still has not happened
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#51 Did My Brother Invent E-Mail With Tom Van Vleck?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#64 JCL CROSS-REFERENCE Utilities (OT for Paul, Rick, and Shmuel)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#91 Has anyone successfully migrated off mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#27 M68k add to memory is not a mistake any more
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#42 Where are all the old tech workers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#59 Hard Disk Drive Construction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#89 Auditors Don't Know Squat!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#74 zEC12, and previous generations, "why?" type question - GPU computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#77 zEC12, and previous generations, "why?" type question - GPU computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#79 zEC12, and previous generations, "why?" type question - GPU computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#8 AMC proposes 1980s computer TV series Halt & Catch Fire
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#10 AMC proposes 1980s computer TV series Halt & Catch Fire
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#13 AMC proposes 1980s computer TV series Halt & Catch Fire
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#18 "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#30 model numbers; was re: World's worst programming environment?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#31 model numbers; was re: World's worst programming environment?
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revolution Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 09 Dec 2013 10:35:55 -050045yrs ago ... 9Dec1968
The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech
revolution
http://www.computerworld.com/slideshow/detail/131320/The-Mother-of-All-Demos--The-1968-presentation-that-sparked-a-tech-revolution
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: "hexadecimal"? Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 9 Dec 2013 10:18:12 -0800gerhard@VALLEY.NET (Gerhard Postpischil) writes:
note a lot of original data chaining was for non-contiguous storage transfers (scatter/gather). cp67 doing emulated i/o had to use it for shadow ccws involving (non-contiguous) page crossing. channel architecture prescribes that ccws aren't prefetched (executed serially one at a time, even datachaining) ... and their could be timing difficulties with cp67 emulated i/o ... when the native (non-datachained) i/o ran find.
the issue of page non-contigious i/o was addressed in 370 with IDALs ... where IDAL channel architecture allowed the addresses to be pre-fetched. IDALs was also used later as part of hack adding more than 16mbytes to 3033 ... even tho instructions and CCWs couldn't address more than 16mbytes.
note that many of the i/o devices are now industry standard with IBM legacy controllers and devices (like CKD) purely a simulated artifact. They aren't restricted to record lengths imposed by IBM's legacy CCW architecture.
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 09 Dec 2013 15:36:45 -0500"Charles Richmond" <numerist@aquaporin4.com> writes:
5100 ran palm and some part of 360 for apl\360
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_5100
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk%3AIBM_5100
from above:
The Executable ROS contains the system initialization code, diagnostics,
I/O routines, and processor simulators. There is a System/3 simulator
for running BASIC, and a System/360 simulator for running APL\360.
... and
I am quoting page 426: "This time, however, although the same Palm
internal engine was used, System/360 architecture was emulated rather
than 1130 architecture, so that the up-to-date APSLV product system
could be used as the APL facility with virtually no modification."
... snip ..
scamp (prototype) emulated 1130
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Personal_Computer
from above:
Desktop sized programmable calculators by Hewlett Packard had evolved
into the HP 9830 BASIC language computer by 1972. In 1973 the IBM Los
Gatos Scientific Center developed a portable computer prototype called
SCAMP (Special Computer APL Machine Portable) based on the IBM PALM
processor with a Philips compact cassette drive, small CRT and full
function keyboard. SCAMP emulated an IBM 1130 minicomputer in order to
run APL\1130.[12] In 1973 APL was generally available only on mainframe
computers, and most desktop sized microcomputers such as the Wang 2200
or HP 9800 offered only BASIC. Because SCAMP was the first to emulate
APL\1130 performance on a portable, single user computer, PC Magazine in
1983 designated SCAMP a "revolutionary concept" and "the world's first
personal computer".[12][13] This seminal, single use portable computer
now resides in the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
... snip ..
other recent posts mentioning 5100
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#36 Lisp machines, was What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#44 Lisp machines, was What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#30 April 1st RFCs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#14 Tech Time Warp of the Week: The 50-Pound Portable PC, 1977
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#21 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#26 Getting at the original command name/line
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#27 World's worst programming environment?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#30 model numbers; was re: World's worst programming environment?
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: "hexadecimal"? Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 9 Dec 2013 13:12:56 -0800dasdbill2@COMCAST.NET (DASDBILL2) writes:
aka MVT thinking it ran real memory, EXCP could just tic to the passed channel program ... cp67&vm370 has to make a copy of the virtual machine channel program that accounts for virtual pages that aren't contiguous in real storage (with additional data chaining and/or idals)
with move of MVT to virtual memory and OS/VS2 ... EXCP was forced to do the same as cp67&vm370 ... creating a copy of the passed application channel program that could account of virtual pages that weren't contiguous in real storage. In fact the original implementation of adding virtual memory support to MVT for OS/VS2 involved hacking CP67's routine that built the copied channel programs (CCWTRANS) into the side of EXCP processing.
The latencies for the additional channel overhead/processing (for the copied channel program and non-contiguous real addresses introduced with virtual memory) could result in overruns.
The 370/158 channel processing throughput/overhead tended to be especially a problem (158 microcode engine was shared between executing 370 emulation and channel emulation) even compared to 370/145.
similar channel latency problems then show up in all the 303x machines
(even with dedicated 370/158 microcode engine for the channel
processing). as part of the mad rush to get stuff back into the 370
product pipelines (after the failure of future system effort) ... the
303x channel director was created which was a 370/158 microcode engine
w/o the 370 microcode and just the channel emulation. The 3031 was a
370/158 microcode engine with the 370 microcode (and w/o the channel
microcode) and a separate 370/158 microcode engine as a channel
director. The 3032 was 370/168 reconfigured to work with channel
director. The 3033 was 370/168 logic remapped to 20% faster chips.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
i mentioned getting to play disk engineer in bldgs. 14&15 and one of the
things that got done was profile typical channel processing latencies of
the different processor models.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: "hexadecimal"? Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 9 Dec 2013 18:23:05 -0800tony@HARMINC.NET (Tony Harminc) writes:
with the advent of virtual memory and EXCP no longer executing the passed channel program ... but a copied that had been swizzled (replacing virtual addresses with current real addresses, virtual addresses possibly contiguous ... but the corresponding pages in real storage no longer contiguous, etc) ... the PCI appendage wouldn't be modifying the channel program actually in use
EXCPVR was created for authorized code to create real CCWs with real
addresses (doing the necessary work to deal with real addresses
rather than virtual)
http://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/zos/v1r12/topic/com.ibm.zos.r12.idas300/efcprs.htm#efcprs
from above:
Fix the data area containing your channel program, the data areas
referred to by your channel program, the PCI appendage (if your program
can generate program-controlled interrupts), and any area referred to by
the PCI appendage including the DEB, IOB, etc. To fix these areas, build
a list in your PGFX appendage containing the addresses of these virtual
areas. Any area that you know already is in fixed storage for the
duration of the I/O can be omitted from the page fix list.
... snip ...
cp67 & vm370 might do long, channel program with multiple page transfers ... especially fixed-head devices. For really long channel programs, I would add periodic PCI interrupts to allow more timely processing of pages already transferred ... w/o waiting for the complete channel program to end (but it didn't involve modifying channel programs in progress).
original cp67 delivered to the univ. had a FIFO queue of page i/o requests and would do single transfer per channel program. This achieved peak throughput of approx. 80 page transfer per second on 360/67 with 2301 fixed-head drum (avg. half revolution delay per page transfer). As an undergraduate in the 60s, I modified that to chain together all requests for arm position (or all queued requests for 2301 fixed-head drum) to maximize transfers per revolution. This could get very close to theoritical max. 270 page transfers second (3600rpm, 60rps, nine 4k pages formated per pair of tracks, two revolutions per 9 4k page transfers).
For 2311 & 2314 moveable arm disks, cp67 originally also did FIFO queue processing ... at the same time I did the multiple request chaining ... i also added ordered arm seek queueing. The combination significantly increased loaded I/O throughput ... and also made degradation under heavy load much more graceful.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Microsoft, IBM lobbying seen killing key anti-patent troll proposal Date: 10 Dec, 2013 Blog: IBMersre:
The Power of No; This simple change could fix the patent
systemâ -- but it'll never happen.
http://www.slate.com/articles/technology/future_tense/2013/12/the_simple_fix_that_could_heal_the_patent_system.html
The first major bill after congress allowed the Financial Responsibility Act to expire in 2002 (required that spending couldn't exceed revenues), was Medicare Part-D. The comptroller general referred to it as $40T unfunded mandate gift to the pharma industry that long term comes to swamp all other budget items. In the middle of the last decade, the comptroller general would include in speeches that there was nobody in congress that could do middle school arithmetic ... for how they were savaging the budget (2010 CBO report had revenues decrease by $6T compared to baseline and spending increase by $6T over baseline for $12T budget gap).
CBS 60mins did expose segment on medicare part-d ... they had 18 republican congressmen and staffers moving the part-d through the process. At the last minute before the final vote, they insert one line sentence in the bill that precludes competitive bidding and block CBO distributing report showing the effect of that one line change. After the bill passes all 18 have resigned and are on pharma payroll.
The 60min segment shows drugs under VA (which allows competitive bidding) that are 1/3rd the price of the identical drugs under part-d (which preclude competitive bidding).
Eisenhower's good-by speech had warning about MIC ... folklore was he originally intended to say military-industrial-congressional complex. In similar manner, I've made references to the financial-regulatory-congressional complex (major factor in recent economic mess) and the pharmaceutical-regulator-congressional complex.
..
the most unproductive congress in the history of the institution ... part of it has been blamed on jet travel ... congress going home friday morning and not getting back until late Monday or sometime tuesday (2+ day work week)
Google-Backed Anti-Patent Troll Bill Passes The House
http://techcrunch.com/2013/12/05/google-backed-anti-patent-troll-bill-passes-the-house/
House Democrats, Republicans agree to end patent trolls
http://www.zdnet.com/house-democrats-republicans-agree-to-end-patent-trolls-7000023998/
a little x-over
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#1 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#14 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
from IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
http://phys.org/news/2013-10-ibm-board-repurchase-15b-stock.html
Stockman in "The Great Deformation: The Corruption of Capitalism in
America" pg464/loc9995-10000:
IBM was not the born-again growth machine trumpeted by the mob of Wall
Street momo traders. It was actually a stock buyback contraption on
steroids. During the five years ending in fiscal 2011, the company
spent a staggering $67 billion repurchasing its own shares, a figure
that was equal to 100 percent of its net income.
pg465/10014-17:
Total shareholder distributions, including dividends, amounted to $82
billion, or 122 percent, of net income over this five-year
period. Likewise, during the last five years IBM spent less on capital
investment than its depreciation and amortization charges, and also
shrank its constant dollar spending for research and development by
nearly 2 percent annually.
... snip ...
all the money going into propping up stock price and cutting future investment. As Stockman goes into great detail, this is becoming increasingly coming among top executives totally focused on making their bonuses (before they retire and get out).
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: IBM Shrinks - Analysts Hate It Date: 10 Dec, 2013 Blog: IBMersIBM Shrinks - Analysts Hate It
from above:
IBM (IBM) reported earnings on October 16th, and the news was not
exactly what analysts and investors were expecting. The company showed
a marked slowdown in sales and profits misses estimates. The shares
had already been on a pronounced downward trajectory since hitting an
all time high on March 15th, and the weak earnings report did nothing
to change the stocks direction. The shares fell hard after the
earnings report and subsequently rebounded into November. But since
last week, IBM's stock has resumed its downward movement.
... snip ...
note the "Saved By The Buyback?" which has been mentioned a number of
times previously ... Stockman in "The Great Deformation: The
Corruption of Capitalism in America" pg464/loc9995-10000:
IBM was not the born-again growth machine trumpeted by the mob of Wall
Street momo traders. It was actually a stock buyback contraption on
steroids. During the five years ending in fiscal 2011, the company
spent a staggering $67 billion repurchasing its own shares, a figure
that was equal to 100 percent of its net income.
pg465/10014-17:
Total shareholder distributions, including dividends, amounted to $82
billion, or 122 percent, of net income over this five-year
period. Likewise, during the last five years IBM spent less on capital
investment than its depreciation and amortization charges, and also
shrank its constant dollar spending for research and development by
nearly 2 percent annually.
... snip ...
aka ... all the money going into propping up stock price and cutting
future investment. As Stockman goes into great detail, this is
becoming increasingly coming among top executives totally focused on
making their bonuses (before they retire and get out). There is lot
more detail in the discussion about IBM recently authorizing stock
repurchase of another $15B.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#1 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#14 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
also Why the "Maximizing Shareholder Value" Theory of Corporate
Governance is Bogus; One mantra you see regularly in the business and
popular press goes something along the lines of "the CEO and board
have a fiduciary duty to maximize shareholder value."
http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2013/10/why-the-maximizing-shareholder-value-theory-of-corporate-governance-is-bogus.html
from above:
If you review any of the numerous guides prepared for directors of
corporations prepared by law firms and other experts, you won't find a
stipulation for them to maximize shareholder value on the list of
things they are supposed to do. It's not a legal requirement. And
there is a good reason for that.
Directors and officers, broadly speaking, have a duty of care and duty
of loyalty to the corporation. From that flow more specific
obligations under Federal and state law. But notice: those
responsibilities are to the corporation, not to shareholders in
particular.
... snip ...
for othet drift: The (MIS)Behavior Of Markets
https://www.amazon.com/The-Misbehavior-Markets-Turbulence-ebook/dp/B004PYDBEO
although
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benoit_Mandelbrot
from above:
Mandelbrot left IBM in 1987, after 35 years and 12 days, when IBM
decided to end pure research in his division.
... snip ...
Mendelbrot description of period from 60s through the last decade was continuing to use same computations even when they are repeatedly shown to be wrong.
some of Mendelbrot's references are similar to this (by nobel prize
winner in economics) Thinking Fast and Slow
https://www.amazon.com/Thinking-Fast-and-Slow-ebook/dp/B00555X8OA
from above:
Since then, my questions about the stock market have hardened into a
larger puzzle: a major industry appears to be built largely on an
illusion of skill. Billions of shares are traded every day, with many
people buying each stock and others selling it to them
... snip ...
another area is manipulating pension plans ... some of the ibm
specific excerpts
https://web.archive.org/web/20181019074906/http://www.ibmemployee.com/RetirementHeist.shtml
from this book
https://www.amazon.com/Retirement-Heist-Companies-American-ebook/dp/B003QMLC6K/
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: IBM Shrinks - Analysts Hate It Date: 10 Dec, 2013 Blog: IBMersre:
remember that corporations are people (setup as separate entities with divide between them and any stockholders/investors). fiduciary responsibility is to the corporate entity ... which had become obfuscated for various vested interests
the rise of private equity companies this century with enormous access
to borrowed funds has been something of game changer. they borrow the
money to do a reverse-IPO ... and then put the loan on the company
books ... wait some period and then "flip" the company in an IPO. They
can even flip/sell the company for less than they paid and still make
huge profit, since the original loan stays with the sold company (big
difference with house flipping where the original loan is paid
off). this article points out that more than half of all corporate
debt defaults have been companies involved in private equity flipping
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/05/business/economy/05simmons.html
the resulting company (from the flipping process) comes out with enormous debt load ... while the private equity company has skimmed off everything it can. A company with a $2B debt load going into the process may come out the other end with a >$30B debt load (original loan to buy the company plus huge fees and commissions).
The upswing was actually before the start of the century ... even some IBM connection. Gerstner was in competition for heir apparent at AMEX ... Gerstner wins and the looser leaves ... along with his protege Jamie Dimon. AMEX is in competition with KKR for reverse-IPO of RJR and KKR (a major private equity company) wins, KKR runs into some problems with RJR and hires Gerstner away to turn it around. IBM has been reorganized into the 13 "baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company. The IBM board then hires Gerstner to reverse the breakup and resurrect the company. "Retirement Heist" details that some of the same measures that Gerstner used at RJR are then used at IBM. When Gerstner leaves IBM he goes on to be head of another one of the largest private equity companies.
One of the issues is that companies that have been put through the private equity reverse-IPO are under tremendous pressure to cut all sorts of corners in order to service the enormous debt load. This may even show up in the most recent intelligence service flap. The person in the news held responsible was employee of major beltway bandit acquired by the private equity company Gerstner went on to head up.
also Stockman in "The Great Deformation: The Corruption of Capitalism
in America" ... talks about stock buybacks are a mini-form of LBO,
with the executives reaping huge rewards, pg457/loc9844-46:
The leader was ExxonMobil, which repurchased $160 billion of its own
shares during 2004-2011. It was followed by Microsoft at $100 billion,
IBM at $75 billion, and Hewlett-Packard, Proctor & Gamble, and Cisco
with $50 billion each. Even the floundering shipwreck of merger mania
known as Time Warner Inc. bought back $25 billion.
... snip ...
part of the issue is that when the executives get addicted to making their bonuses via the stock buyback route ... when the cash reserves have been exhausted ... then borrowing starts ... which makes it start to look more and more like LBO (private equity reverse-IPO)
for the fun of it, more recent on private equity companies
Whistleblower Describes How Private Equity Firms Flagrantly Violate
SEC Broker-Dealer Requirements
http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2013/12/whistleblower-reports-rampant-violation-of-broker-dealer-laws-by-private-equity-firms.html
from above:
So what is surprising isn't that the whistleblower is making these
charges, but that are about twenty years overdue. These filings are
simply pointing out what should have been obvious to everyone all
along: most of the PE industry stands flagrantly non-compliant with
fundamental law regulating the duties of investment managers when they
take "transaction-based compensation" in connection with the purchase
or sale of securities on behalf of their clients.
... snip ...
Private equity has a whistleblower problem
http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2013/12/02/private-equity-whistleblower/
Whistle-blower tries to shed light on private-equity transaction fees;
Insider says buyout firms rake in dough for acting as brokers for
takeover targets.
http://www.crainsnewyork.com/article/20131201/FINANCE/312019969
past posts mentioning gerstner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
posts referencing pensions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#pensions
past posts mentioning private equity companies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
past posts mentioning whistleblower
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Book-Cooking Bank Gets to Keep Cooked Books Date: 10 Dec, 2013 Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and SecurityBook-Cooking Bank Gets to Keep Cooked Books
The other analogy is that the fines becomes considered as standard part of doing business ... the after the fact equivalent to bribes and payoffs in other countries. It goes along with the "moral hazard" paradigm, ... not having to worry about any serious consequences, no serious punishment and the gov. bails you out if things go badly (you would think that the gov. was playing helicopter parents to wallstreet)
The rhetoric in congress leading up to the passage of Sarbanes-Oxley was that it would guarantee that executives (and their auditors) did jail time, however it required that SEC do something. Possibly because even GAO didn't believe SEC was doing anything, they started doing reports of fraudulent financial filings ... even showing increase in the rates of fraudulent financial filings after SOX. As far as I know nobody has done jail time (and I've seen nothing from the GAO indicating that the fraudulent financial filings have decreased).
There has been some number of comments that the statute of limitations for many of the crimes has now passed ... however the claims are that most of wallstreet could still be prosecuted under SOX and do jail time.
I've periodically semi-facetiously ask ...
(1) did sarbanes-oxley have no effect on fraudulent financial filings
(2) did sarbanes-oxley motivate the increase in fraudulent financial filings
(3) if it weren't for SOX, would all financial filings now be fraudulent
posts mentioning sarbanes-oxley
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
posts mentioning financial reporting fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#financial.reporting.fraud.fraud
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 10 Dec 2013 20:08:50 -0500Patrick Scheible <kkt@zipcon.net> writes:
Both the IBM account team and the Boeing people tell the story that the main IBM salesman on the Boeing account at the time of 360 announcement was brought into Boeing and they explained to him what 360 was and made a huge 360 order. This was when IBM was still on straight commission ... and the salesman's commission was greater than Watson's compensation. The claim was that was the motivation for the change from straight commission to the quota system. Boeing made another large order and the salesman's quota was filled by the end of January ... and IBM changes the quota system to periodically re-adjust during the year. The salesman leaves and starts his own (well-known) computer services company (later bought and later sold-off by GM).
While there weren't any IBM plants in the Seattle area ... Seattle did have one of IBM's largest customers.
however ... Bill's mother
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Maxwell_Gates
from above:
Beyond the Seattle area, Gates was appointed to the board of directors
of the national United Way in 1980, becoming the first woman to lead it
in 1983. Her tenure on the national board's executive committee is
believed to have helped Microsoft, based in Seattle, at a crucial
time. In 1980, she discussed with John Opel, a fellow committee member
who was the chairman of the International Business Machines Corporation,
her son's company. Mr. Opel, by some accounts, mentioned Mrs. Gates to
other I.B.M. executives.
A few weeks later, I.B.M. took a chance by hiring Microsoft, then a
small software firm, to develop an operating system for its first
personal computer.[3]
... snip ...
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 11 Dec 2013 11:58:26 -0500hancock4 writes:
summer of '69, 360/65s were arriving in renton faster than they could be installed ... there was nearly always parts of 3-4 360/65s staged in the hallways around the main datacenter room (enormous room previously used for plane manufacturing). At the time, the datacenter also had one 360/75 ... there was black rope ringing the 360/75 area and black cloth that could be pulled down over the 360/75 front panel lights and over the 1403 areas where printed paper could be seen (when classified jobs were being run the cloths were pulled down and guard that only allowed cleared people to come within the roped off area). Boeing had a color code bar across the top of employee badge ... the color of the bar gave the employment level (higher levels could park in lots closer to the bldg) and the color of the lettering gave security clearance level (black letters for top secret).
after the consolidation into BCS ... besides providing dataprocessing to internal boeing customers, they also started marketing dataprocessing and other services to non-Boeing entities.
An offspring of one of the discoverers of DNA was at the science
center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
and did quite a bit using CMS\APL. He later left and joined BCS in washington DC (BCS also becoming beltway bandit). Stopping by to visit him once, he told how he had used APL on project for USPS justifying the latest increase in price of 1st class mail.
past posts mentioning apl (&/or hone)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
part of early BCS effort included installing cp67 360/67 for online computing services (IDC, NCSS, Tymshare, etc were in the virtual machine based online services). This was single processor 360/67 installed summer of '69 in corporate hdqtrs (across road from boeing field).
There was a smp two-processor 360/67 that had been installed in Boeing Huntsville originally to run tss/360. However, it was being used as two single processors running a customized version of os/360 MVT release 13 that used the 360/67 virtual memory address translation hardware. MVT applications required contiguous allocation but it had horrible problem with storage fragmentation. The virtual memory support didn't actually do any paging (page faults treated as addressing exceptions) ... but was used to re-arrange storage addresses to make them appear contiguous as work-around to MVT storage fragmentation. Summer of '69, the Huntsville 360/67 was also moved to Seattle.
There was enormous amount of internal politics going on with the formation of BCS ... people running the individual dataprocessing operations not wanting to give up control.
This (Boeing) history says BCS wasn't officially formed
until 1970
http://www.boeing.com/boeing/history/narrative/n071boe.page
from above:
In 1970, 13 different computing organizations in Boeing, each supporting
different operations within the company, were combined as Boeing
Computer Services (BCS), an independent subsidiary of the
company. Within three years, BCS had six sales offices to market five
commercial computer products -- including BCS/Mainstream, a time-sharing
computer service used by 148 government and commercial customers.
... snip ...
Note I was con'ed into giving a 40hr, one week computer class during 1969 spring break to the core people that were forming BCS (and the assigned IBM team) ... and then working full-time there the summer of 1969 (I was taking classes and hadn't graduated yet).
misc. past posts mentioning virtual machine based online services
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare
wiki reference with notable time-sharing services
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-sharing
national css
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_CSS
tymshare ... but doesn't dwell on virtual machine
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tymshare
however, tymshare started offering its online cms-based computer
conferencing to SHARE in Aug1976 as VMSHARE ... archives
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/
both ncss and idc fairly quickly moved up value stream to offering
financial oriented online services to wallstreet (and others) ... idc
still exists
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interactive_Data_Corporation
but has moved to the web
http://www.interactivedata.com/
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 11 Dec 2013 12:33:17 -0500hancock4 writes:
i have vaque recollection of being told sometime in the 70s that it cost IBM $100k to get an employee a top secret clearance and it took six months.
disclaimer: I've never had a top secret clearance
I didn't find out these agencies were virtual machine customers
until sometime in the 70s
https://web.archive.org/web/20090117083033/http://www.nsa.gov/research/selinux/list-archive/0409/8362.shtml
some of the guys would be in computer & security classes that I
might teach. offline during one class ... one of them bragged that
they knew where I was every day of my life back to birth ... asked me
for any date and they would tell me here I was. I guess this was
supposedly justified based on their heavy reliance on software I
produced ... it was also before the church committee
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Church_Committee
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: CTSS DITTO Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 11 Dec 2013 13:31:31 -0500somebody that worked at IDC and then went on to be one of the people responsible for visicalc
... is currently looking for CTSS DITTO details & history
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System
... precursor to CTSS RUNOFF
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TYPSET_and_RUNOFF
At the science center, a port was done of CTSS RUNOFF to cp67/cms called
"script". Then when GML (letters G/M/L because the letters of the last
names of the three inventors) was invented at the science center in 1969
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
... GML tag processing was added to script.
https://web.archive.org/web/20231001185033/http://www.sgmlsource.com/history/roots.htm
a decade later, GML morphs into ISO standard SGML
https://web.archive.org/web/20230703135757/http://www.sgmlsource.com/history/sgmlhist.htm
... and after another decade, there is another morph into HTML
http://infomesh.net/html/history/early/
some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#sgml
recent reference to IDC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#19 Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 11 Dec 2013 14:10:33 -0500hancock4 writes:
in more recent times ... we were doing some work that involved access to a datacenter ... where fed treasury had outsourced electronic tax collection processing (i.e. over 95% of collected taxes, employee withholding, corporate & personal, etc) ... and treasury required that everybody with access to the datacenter have a FBI background check ... with no implication that any sort of clearance resulted (possibly just criminal background rather than security risk).
there was something recently about clearance processing backlog because enormous increase in requirements for clearances ... I think something like over 1m "top secret" and over 4m confidential. there was also some item that with such an enormous numbers of clearances ... there were enormous number of places where information might leak.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 12 Dec 2013 09:28:36 -0500re:
i've mentioned that I sponsored Boyd's briefings at IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
one of his biographies talks about him being in command of spook base about the same time I was at Boeing ... and while I may have thought that Renton was the largest datacenter in the world ... at the time pushing $300M ... Boyd's biography mentions that spook base was a $2.5B windfall for IBM.
this spook base reference has gone 404 ... but lives on at the wayback
machine:
https://web.archive.org/web/20030212092342/http://home.att.net/~c.jeppeson/igloo_white.html
it seems to garble some of the ibm computer details ... however it also mentions some planes have been converted to drones (unmanned).
Boyd would say that the datacenter was the largest air conditioned bldg. in that part of the world.
Boyd would also say that he had criticized the program as not being able to work ... being sent over to command the place may have been punishment for his criticism.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 12 Dec 2013 09:28:36 -0500re:
i've mentioned that I sponsored Boyd's briefings at IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
one of his biographies talks about him being in command of spook base about the same time I was at Boeing ... and while I may have thought that Renton was the largest datacenter in the world ... at the time pushing $300M ... Boyd's biography mentions that spook base was a $2.5B windfall for IBM.
this spook base reference has gone 404 ... but lives on at the wayback
machine:
https://web.archive.org/web/20030212092342/http://home.att.net/~c.jeppeson/igloo_white.html
it seems to garble some of the ibm computer details ... however it also mentions some planes have been converted to drones (unmanned).
Boyd would say that the datacenter was the largest air conditioned bldg. in that part of the world.
Boyd would also say that he had criticized the program as not being able to work ... being sent over to command the place may have been punishment for his criticism.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: GUI vs 3270 Re: MVS Quick Reference, was: LookAT Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 12 Dec 2013 09:43:14 -0800thomas.berg@SWEDBANK.SE (Thomas Berg) writes:
one of the big issues was while this was possible with 3272/3277 direct
channel attached (with some of my carefully crafted mainframe operating
systems) ... the newer 3274/3278 direct channel attach hardware latency
(best possible case for all 3274s) made it impossible (to achieve .25sec
or better). past post with old-time measurements
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#19
when we complained to the 3274 product administrator, the eventualy responses was 3274/3278 wasn't designed for online interactive ... but for "data entry" (i.e. online keypunch).
for the last decade or so, i frequently queue up a couple hundred webpages in background browser tabs ... and then only have to deal with purely local latency ...
as an aside we had been called in to consult with a small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on their server ... they had also invented this technology they called "SSL" they wanted to use, the result is now frequently called electronic commerce.
part of the effort was something called payment gateway ... which handled payment transaction communication between webservers and the internet and payment networks (typically with large mainframes in backend). we gathered elapsed time round trips (from webserver out over the internet to the payment gateway ... through the payment network to the mainframe backends and back). This frequently was around .3secs elapsed round-trip for pure transaction level stuff (at the client browser it could be longer since there is both processing at the webserver as well as another round-trip over the internet).
Frequently "internet" slowdowns aren't the actual internet ... but heavy loads on webservers. The big cloud operators have done a lot with significant over provisioning of huge numbers of "on-demand" servers that can be brought on instantaneously to minimize latency due to server load.
There is still an issue with larger transmissions around the use of
slow-start for contention avoidance. Google is trying to push through
standard for much more efficient mechanism ... I have a lengthier
discussion in (linkedin) IETF (internet standards) group
http://lnkd.in/FCwpMR
part of the issue is using rate-based pacing as alternative to slow-start as congestion avoidance ... something we were doing 30yrs ago.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Google emulates 1980s-era Amiga computer in Chrome Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 12 Dec 2013 13:03:30 -0500Google emulates 1980s-era Amiga computer in Chrome
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: What Makes a Tax System Bizarre? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2013 10:19:24 -0500scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:
one specifically is apar/ptf
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000c.html#33 What level of computer is needed for a computer to Love?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#61 VM13025 ... zombie/hung users
and old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#email860217
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#email860217b
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: ELP weighs in on the software issue: Date: 13 Dec, 2013 Blog: Boyd and BeyondF-35 software.... progress?
Note posted comment in timeline on F35 helmet and I got sidetracked
down a number of paths ... including software. some of my collected
comments archived here:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#2
and now: F-35C; disaster for the fleet
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/12/f-35c-disaster-for-fleet.html
and: The F-35 is not an F-4
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/12/the-f-35-is-not-f-4.html
from elsewhere on facebook: CAS & Marines Bullish on F-35B
http://news.usni.org/2013/12/12/marines-bullish-f-35b
i mention ELP reference to f35 stealth primarily optimized from
straight-on ... not so much from other angle. ELP references this
http://ausairpower.net/APA-2009-01.html
stealth compromised/optimized for specific mission profiles (not CAS) ... even needs F22 to fly cover for F35, including F22 taking out radar installations that F35 are vulnerable.
there is also (and upthread ELP: "why it is not"): Is the F-35 Joint
Strike Fighter the New F-4?
https://medium.com/war-is-boring/75aee4a354bc
I've periodically mentioned Boyd's Vietnam story ... slightly different from above.
Boyd is asked to review air force new air-to-air missile, during the review they claim it hits every time, show detailed specs and films of it hitting every time. Boyd says it will hit 10% or less. They get upset. He asks to rerun the film ... and just before the missile its flare (on drone), he asks to stop film. He asks what sort of guidance, they say heat seeking, he asks what sort of heat seeking, they eventually say pin-point. He asks what it is the hottest part of the fighter, they say the engine. He says "no" ... its the plume behind the jet; the only time the missile hits is enemy not maneuvering and shooting the directly up the tail-pipe. Roll forward to Vietnam and Boyd proves correct. The one star in Vietnam grounds all planes and converts to (Navy) sidewinder. He lasts 3months before called back to pentagon and lambasted for transgressions ... reducing budget share (loosing less planes and pilots and not using air force missiles) and worst of all increasing Navy budget share (using sidewinders).
Vietnam strategy almost incidental in the Pentagon, except to extent that it impacted major issue budget size.
posts mentioning MICC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
pervious posts mentioning Boyd's story about air force air-to-air
missile
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#120 atomic History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#67 Dealing with complexity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005t.html#10 Dangerous Hardware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#7 Pa Tpk spends $30 million for "Duet" system; but benefits are unknown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#4 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007q.html#53 Damn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#52 Current Officers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#64 Current Officers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#62 Did anybody ever build a Simon?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#17 360 programs on a z/10
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#94 Daylight Savings Time again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#16 taking down the machine - z9 series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#66 They always think we don't understand
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#77 Orientation - does group input (or groups of data) make better decisions than one person can?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#13 The Seven Habits of Pointy-Haired Bosses
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#8 Why did the OODA-loop tactic grow into a strategy?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#33 China Builds Fleet of Small Warships While U.S. Drifts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#59 Why did the OODA-loop tactic grow into a strategy?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#41 Rafael Team with Raytheon to Offer Iron Dome in the U.S
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#88 What separates Sun Tzu & John Boyd as Martial thinkers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#91 There is much we can learn from TE Lawrence
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#21 The Age of Unsatisfying Wars
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#63 Is this Boyd's fundamental postulate, 'to improve our capacity for independent action'?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#2 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#51 Is this Boyd's fundamental postulate, 'to improve our capacity for independent action'? thoughts please
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#64 Early use of the word "computer"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#19 SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#16 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#32 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#41 Is newer technology always better? It almost is. Exceptions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#76 A Little More on the Computer
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: What Makes a Tax System Bizarre? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 13 Dec 2013 10:49:29 -0500scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:
on recent linux systems I've had periodic problems with zombie process holding flock
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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: GUI vs 3270 Re: MVS Quick Reference, was: LookAT Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 13 Dec 2013 11:45:46 -0800re:
this is quick&dirty conversion of internal (cms) ios3270 "green card" to
html ... trying to preserve a little of the original look&feel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/gcard.html
very early in rex(x) days (before it had been release as product),
I wanted to demo that rexx wasn't just another pretty scripting
language. I chose to re-implement IPCS (very large application,
at the time implemented in assembler) in rexx with objective 1)
have ten times the function, 2) have ten times the performance
(interesting going from assembler to interpreted rexx) and 3)
take less than half-time over 3 months elapsed. some past
posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dumprx
I finished early ... so started a library of automated scripts that would search/recognize a variety of failure signatures.
I had assumed that it would be released to customers in place of the existing IPCS. However, even though it was used by nearly every customer support PSR and internal datacenter, it wasn't shipped to customers. However, I did manage to get approval to give SHARE presentation on the implementation details ... and within a very short time, similar implementations started appearing.
One of the things I did for DUMPRX was obtain the softcopy GML for system messages & codes manual ... and massage it into an online form. DUMPRX ran either as line-mode (terminal) exec ... or within XEDIT as a session macro (with all input/output sesssion preserved as XEDIT file).
note ios3270 was what was used for the service panels on the 3090 service processor (3092) ... which was really a pair of 4361s (for redundancy and availability) running a customized version of vm370/cms release 6. The pair of 3370s FBA required for every 3090 (even purely MVS accounts that didn't have FBA support) ... were required for the 3092 vm370/cms systems.
a couple of old email references:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#email861031
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#email861223
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From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: The Mortgage Wars: Inside Fannie Mae, Big-Money Politics, and the Collapse of the American Dream Date: 16 Dec, 2013 Blog: Google+re:
I was going to seriously quibble about starting out glossing over who
did what ... The Mortgage Wars: Inside Fannie Mae, Big-Money Politics,
and the Collapse of the American Dream
https://www.amazon.com/Mortgage-Wars-Big-Money-Politics-Collapse-ebook/dp/B00GJNTO4U/
however, pg56/loc 939-40
This was a thinly disguised prescription for an old ideological staple
at Treasury -- full GSE privatization -- coupled with a new idea to
which they would return in the future: reliance on rating agencies to
perform duties normally left to regulators
pg56/loc941-42
Neither the GAO nor the CBO endorsed Treasury's recommendation. The
CBO discussed it along with other alternatives for GSE regulation and
capital in its April 1991 report but made no judgments about any of
them.
... snip ...
securitzed mortgages had been used during the S&L crisis to obfuscate
fraudulent mortgages; in the late 90s, we were asked to look at
improving the integrity of supporting documents (as a
countermeasure). However (mostly unregulated) loan originators found
that they could pay the rating agencies for triple-A rating (when they
both knew that they weren't worth triple-A, from the Oct2008
congressional hearings into the role that the rating agencies
played). As a result, the business was rerouted from the GSEs to
wallstreet resulting in exploding to over $27T
Evil Wall Street Exports Boomed With 'Fools' Born to Buy Debt
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2008-10-27/evil-wall-street-exports-boomed-with-fools-born-to-buy-debt
... and triple-A trumps supporting documents (and w/o supporting documents there was no longer an issue with regard to their integrity).
posts mentioning toxic CDOs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
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From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: U.S. Sidelined as Iraq Becomes Bloodier Date: 16 Dec, 2013 Blog: Boyd and Beyondre:
Rumsfeld's War and Its Consequences Now
http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2013/dec/19/rumsfelds-war-and-its-consequences-now/
note two different (but not necessarily inconsistent) explanations for
shuttling bush off to be director of cia 1) needed replacement
director that would stop opposing team b analysis and 2) internal
republican politics sidelining a rival. posts mentioning team b
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#team.b
Murdoch's NY Post Backs Michael Moore's Bush-Saudi 9/11 Claims
http://news.firedoglake.com/2013/12/16/murdochs-ny-post-backs-michael-moores-bush-saudi-911-claims/
Inside the Saudi 9/11 coverup
http://nypost.com/2013/12/15/inside-the-saudi-911-coverup/
this has an account of sat. photo recon analyst raising alarm that
Iraq was marshaling forces to invade Kuwait and white house
discrediting the analyst and saying Saddam would do no such
thing. However, when he raised the alarm that Iraq was marshaling
forces for invasion of Saudi Arabia that started to see serious
response.
https://www.amazon.com/Long-Strange-Journey-Intelligence-ebook/dp/B004NNV5H2
this is somebody that kept presenting evidence that Iraq invasion
justification was fabricated ... and they treated her really badly
https://www.amazon.com/Classified-Woman-The-Sibel-Edmonds-Story-ebook/dp/B007XY8INW/
the iraq scenario then would serve at least two possible purposes ... 1) spinney's perpetual war ... an organized mechanized military that we could throw our mechanized military against and 2) obfuscation and misdirection away from saudis
posts mentioning perpetual war
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: 60 Minutes Puff Piece Claims NSA Saved U.S. From Cyberterrorism Date: 16 Dec, 2013 Blog: Facebook60 Minutes Puff Piece Claims NSA Saved U.S. From Cyberterrorism
Judge pulls no punches in ruling against NSA program; The author of
the U.S. Constitution would be 'aghast,' Judge Richard Leon wrote
http://www.networkworld.com/news/tech/2007/042307techupdate.html
Court Says NSA Bulk Telephone Spying Is Unconstitutional
http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2013/12/bulk-telephone-metada-ruling/
NSA's Malware Heroics Questioned By Security Experts; NSA says it
thwarted a nation state's BIOS-bricking malware plot, but info
security and privacy experts say the agency is trying to snow the
American public.
http://www.informationweek.com/government/cybersecurity/nsas-malware-heroics-questioned-by-security-experts/d/d-id/1113108
Update: NSA surveillance critic Bruce Schneier to leave post at BT; While BT wasn't happy with comments, he says it's "past time for something new."
http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/12/nsa-surveillance-critic-bruce-schneier-to-leave-post-at-bt/
from above:
Schneier said that the exploits used by the NSA had broken the most
fundamental security mechanisms of the Internet by creating backdoors
to systems that could potentially be exploited by others.
... snip ...
An NSA Coworker Remembers The Real Edward Snowden: 'A Genius Among
Geniuses'
http://www.forbes.com/sites/andygreenberg/2013/12/16/an-nsa-coworker-remembers-the-real-edward-snowden-a-genius-among-geniuses/
for other background ... Success Of Failure reference
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
posts mentioning whistleblower
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: The Federal Reserve Lost $9 Trillion? What Liars! They gave that money away! Date: 16 Dec, 2013 Blog: Google+re:
The Federal Reserve Lost $9 Trillion? What Liars! They gave that money
away!
http://johnhively.wordpress.com/2013/01/07/the-federal-reserve-lost-9-trillion-what-liars-they-gave-that-money-away/
background ref:
Breakdown of the $26 Trillion the Federal Reserve Handed Out to Save
Incompetent, but Rich Investors
http://johnhively.wordpress.com/2011/12/05/breakdown-of-the-26-trillion-the-federal-reserve-handed-out-to-save-rich-incompetent-investors-but-who-purchase-political-power/
posts mentioning too-big-to-fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
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From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case Date: 16 Dec, 2013 Blog: Google+Criminal Action Is Expected for JPMorgan in Madoff Case
JPMorgan May Face Criminal Action For Madoff Deals
http://news.firedoglake.com/2013/12/12/jpmorgan-may-face-criminal-action-for-madoff-deals/
JPMorgan May Face Criminal Charges for Blowing the Whistle on Madoff
-- To the Wrong Country
http://wallstreetonparade.com/2013/12/jpmorgan-may-face-criminal-charges-for-blowing-the-whistle-on-madoff-%E2%80%93-to-the-wrong-country/
....
as an aside, in the Madoff congressional hearings they had the person that had tried unsuccessfully for a decade to get SEC to do something about Madoff ... apparently SEC's hands were finally forced when Madoff turned himself in.
The Rumored Chase-Madoff Settlement Is Another Bad Joke
http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/blogs/taibblog/the-rumored-chase-madoff-settlement-is-another-bad-joke-20131216
from above:
That this basic truth eluded both the SEC (which somehow failed to
notice the world's largest hedge fund never making a single trade) and
Madoff's own banker for years on end points to horrific systemic
problems.
... snip ...
posts mentioning Madoff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Why Obama's Home Affordable Modification Program Failed Date: 16 Dec, 2013 Blog: Google+re:
Why Obama's Home Affordable Modification Program Failed
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-12-16/why-obamas-home-affordable-modification-program-failed-spoiler-alert-thank-bank-amer
Secret Inside BofA Office of CEO Stymied Needy Homeowners
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-12-16/secret-inside-bofa-office-of-ceo-stymied-needy-homeowners.html
posts mentioning too-big-to-fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
a couple past posts mentioning HAMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#48 The Payoff: Why Wall Street Always Wins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#68 Singer Cartons of Punch Cards
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: What Makes a Tax System Bizarre? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 16 Dec 2013 23:19:03 -0500Stephen Sprunk <stephen@sprunk.org> writes:
posts mentioning comptroller general
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#comptroller.general
part of the $6T increase in spending over baseline was a little over $2T for DOD, $1+T for the two wars and not able to determine where the other $1+T went (up until 2010). The estimate for the two wars goes well over $5T when things like long-term veteran disability benefits factored in.
congress passed act that starting in 1996, required all gov. agencies
pass a financial audit. so far the DOD has been unable to ... there
are some projections that DOD may be able to pass a financial audit in
2017 ... over 20yrs late. see a few comments here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comptroller_General_of_the_United_States
more comments here:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_budget_of_the_United_States
since 2010, tax revenue and spending seems to have continued on appox. same trajectory ... even with iraq and afghanistan winding down, DOD is fighting hard to not even eliminate that funding.
this is separate from issue that original justification of the war was to go in and take out al gaeda ... and then get out ... which didn't happen ... coupled with invasion of Iraq which was pure fabrication ... although Iraq may have been part of obfuscation and misdirection away from Saudis (but there are also reports that the new administration was already working on plans for iraq invasion before 9/11)
Murdoch's NY Post Backs Michael Moore's Bush-Saudi 9/11 Claims
http://news.firedoglake.com/2013/12/16/murdochs-ny-post-backs-michael-moores-bush-saudi-911-claims/
Inside the Saudi 9/11 coverup
http://nypost.com/2013/12/15/inside-the-saudi-911-coverup/
... and this is somebody that kept presenting evidence that Iraq
invasion justification was fabricated ... and they treated her really
badly
https://www.amazon.com/Classified-Woman-The-Sibel-Edmonds-Story-ebook/dp/B007XY8INW/
other recent post in this thread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#85 U.S. Sidelined as Iraq Becomes Bloodier
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#32 U.S. Sidelined as Iraq Becomes Bloodier
both iraq and afghanistan wars may also fit into the perpetual war
scenario ... some past refs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
part of strategy keeping funds flowing for the military industrial
(congressional) complex
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 17 Dec 2013 11:21:13 -0500hancock4 writes:
note that gathering everything whether you need it or not is big purchase items for the for-profit companies ... current statement is that 70% of the intelligence budget goes to for-profit companies and over half the people work for for-profit companies ... including the peroson involved in most recent incident expose.
the other scenario they have is that the big gov. contractors and beltway bandits have discovered that series of failures is bigger profit than immediate success (the intelligence industry is now also tightly intertwined with military industrial congressional complex)
mention of Success Of Failure scenarios
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
posts reference Success Of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
other x-over
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#33 60 Minutes Puff Piece Claims NSA Saved U.S. From Cyberterrorism
it is bad enough that they have insider being able to walk away with enormous amounts of stuff ... but during the program they had him applying for job (before even being hired) stealing information from the interviewers computers to be able to have answers ready for the questions. that seems to reflect worse on the agency than it does on the individual
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From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: 60 Minutes Puff Piece Claims NSA Saved U.S. From Cyberterrorism Date: 17 Dec, 2013 Blog: Facebookre:
The 5 Worst Problems with 60 Minutes' Love Note to the NSA
http://blog.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2013/12/16/the_5_worst_problems_with_60_minutes_love_note_to_the_NSA
NSA and 60 Minutes: If You Want To Know The Culture of NSA This May Be Your Best Source
http://www.fedcyber.com/2013/12/16/nsa-and-60-minutes-if-you-want-to-know-the-culture-of-nsa-this-may-be-your-best-source/
more background
The Secret Story of How the NSA Began
http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2013/11/the-secret-story-of-how-the-nsa-began/281862/
NSA: Listening to everyone — except oversight | The Great Debate
http://blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2013/08/26/nsa-listening-to-everyone-except-oversight/
What I'm Reading Now: The Best Longform Journalism On The Web
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/07/19/best-longform-longreads_n_3624300.html
Building America's secret surveillance state | The Great Debate
http://blogs.reuters.com/great-debate/2013/06/10/building-americas-secret-surveillance-state/
The NSA Is Building the Country's Biggest Spy Center (Watch What You
Say)
http://www.wired.com/threatlevel/2012/03/ff_nsadatacenter/all/
for other background ... Success Of Failure reference
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
posts mentioning whistleblower
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
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From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: ELP weighs in on the software issue: Date: 17 Dec, 2013 Blog: Boyd and Beyondre:
one analysis has the F22 radar absorbing coating susceptible to weather and moisture ... limiting operations to clear skies. A better weather resistant radar absorbing coating was developed for f35 and reference to possibly retrofitting it to f22. one of the issues highlighted that anything involving the planes, there has to be constant hightech checking that the radar countermeasures haven't been compromised (not exactly anti-fragile)
Can the F-35 Win a Dogfight? The Air Force says it will have no choice
but to send the sluggish stealth fighter into aerial battle
https://medium.com/war-is-boring/95462ccd6745
Dog, yes. Dogfighter, no
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/12/dog-yes-dogfighter-no.html
JSF Alternate Realities: ... and from whence they come
http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-NOTAM-190209-1.html
analysis reference from previous post
http://ausairpower.net/APA-2009-01.html
posts mentioning military industrial (congressional) complex
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
other recent posts mentioning f-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#62 America Is Basically Helpless Against The Chinese Hackers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#68 NBC's website hacked with malware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#45 A Matter of Mindset: Iraq, Sequestration and the U.S. Army
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#54 NBC's website hacked with malware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#64 NBC's website hacked with malware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#87 Not the Navy's Favorite Artist Rendering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#56 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#62 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#5 Lessons Learned from the Iraq War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#20 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#36 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#62 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#64 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#16 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#46 As an IBM'er just like the Marines only a few good men and women make the cut,
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#69 What Makes collecting sales taxes Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#19 It was 30 Years Ago Today
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#43 Is newer technology always better? It almost is. Exceptions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#78 IBM commitment to academia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#78 Has the US Lost Its Grand Strategic Mind?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#101 Boyd Blasphemy: Justifying the F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#15 Boyd Blasphemy: Justifying the F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#40 The Wall Street Code: HFT Whisteblower Haim Bodek on Algorithmic Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#55 Behind the Pentagon's doctored ledgers, a running tally of epic waste
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#58 2 v 2 - How the Typhoon kills the F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#2 Did you see the one about the F-35 and F/A-18?
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: What Makes a Tax System Bizarre? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 17 Dec 2013 20:30:42 -0500Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
and from today
Budget Deal Takes Pressure Off Pentagon to Cut Waste
http://www.pogo.org/blog/2013/12/budget-deal-takes-pressure-off-pentagon-to-cut-waste.html
Budget deal blows the Pentagon's diet
http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/economy-budget/193284-budget-deal-blows-the-pentagons-diet
from above ... sequestration would only have cut budget back to the
level it was at the peak of the two wars ...
Two years ago, Congress agreed to save roughly $1 trillion from the
Pentagon's budget over the subsequent nine years -- a Pentagon budget
that had more than doubled since 1998. The Budget Control Act's
sequestration provision would only bring the military budget back down
to 2006/2007 funding levels when the United States was engaged in two
protracted ground wars.
... and
Currently, the Pentagon has 86 major defense systems under
development. Those systems are estimated to cost a combined $1.6
trillion to develop and procure. When compared to the original cost
estimates, those 86 programs have grown in cost by over $400 billion.
... snip ...
military industrial (congressional) complex
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
comptroller general
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#comptroller.general
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: What Makes a Tax System Bizarre? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 18 Dec 2013 09:48:24 -0500Stephen Sprunk <stephen@sprunk.org> writes:
DOD waste
http://elpdefensenews.blogspot.com/2013/12/dod-waste.html
the other scenario is there is lots of obfuscation and misdirection as to who (in the MICC) is pocketing the money
military industrial (congressional) complex
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix! Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 18 Dec 2013 18:11:12 -0500Morten Reistad <first@last.name> writes:
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix! Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 19 Dec 2013 09:12:33 -0500Charlton Wilbur <cwilbur@chromatico.net> writes:
other rdbms history covered in this ingres entry (from same univ. that
brought you bsd)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingres_%28database%29
epstein was chief programmer on ingres and then left for britton lee. for a time, after epstein left britton lee, Britton & Lee were doing interviews in restaurant across cottle rd from bldg. 28 (where system/r was) ... looking to back-fill for epstein as cto. One of the people they managed to hire away tried hard to get me to go with him.
other trivia here
http://www.mcjones.org/System_R/SQL_Reunion_95/sqlr95-Teradata.html
misc. past posts mentioning system/r
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
when we were doing ha/cmp
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
we were doing lots of work with the four major rdbms vendors at the time (oracle, ingres, informix, and sybase) getting them to support high-availability on ha/cmp platform.
I was also working on ha/cmp distributed lock manager ... and part of it was to provide semantics compatible with vax/cluster to make it easier for oracle & ingres to port their cluster support to ha/cmp (which was part of the same source base as their unix support).
both oracle & ingres had strong feelings about short comings in DEC's
cluster implementation and feed into what i was doing on DLM (aka "ten
things wrong with vax/cluster support"). recent posts mentioning
DLM work:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#4 Oracle To IBM: Your 'Customers Are Being Wildly Overcharged'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#86 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made 30 yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#87 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made 30 yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#19 z/OS is antique WAS: Aging Sysprogs = Aging Farmers
years later Jim Gray shows up running Microsoft research in san francisco and some of the old crowd were working there.
I've mentioned before Jim (before he disappeared) even con'ed me into
interviewing for chief security architect in redmond (went on for a
course of couple of weeks, but could never come to agreement). past
posts mentioning UCB event celebrating Jim
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#32 A Tribute to Jim Gray: Sometimes Nice Guys Do Finish First
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#36 A Tribute to Jim Gray: Sometimes Nice Guys Do Finish First
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#27 Father Of Financial Dataprocessing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009m.html#78 ATMs by the Numbers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#51 8 ways the American information worker remains a Luddite
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009r.html#4 70 Years of ATM Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#13 Is the ATM still the banking industry's single greatest innovation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#21 Mainframe Hall of Fame (MHOF)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#85 Hashing for DISTINCT or GROUP BY in SQL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#80 Which building at Berkeley?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#32 Selectric Typewriter--50th Anniversary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#28 Some interesting post about the importance of Security and what it means for the Mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#64 IBM Is Changing The Terms Of Its Retirement Plan, Which Is Frustrating Some Employees
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#24 Old data storage or data base
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#45 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: the nonsuckage of source, was MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix! Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 19 Dec 2013 11:38:24 -0500John Levine <johnl@iecc.com> writes:
in the early 70s IBM was doing the Future System effort to completely
replace 360/370 ... during this period 370 efforts were being
suspended and/or killed off ... and the lack of 370 products during
this period is credited with giving clone processors a market
foothold. some past future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
after future system imploded, there was mad rush to get stuff back tino the 370 product pipelines. it was in this period that they also decided to start charging for kernel software (could be construed as reaction to the rise of clone processors). in the morph from cp67 to vm370 ... there was a lot of simplification ... and much of the work that I had done as undergraduate in the 60s ... and incorporated into cp67 ... was dropped
During the future system period I continued to work on 360 & 370s ...
including moving a lot of my stuff from cp67 to vm370s ... as well as
ridiculing FS activity (not exactly a career enhancing activity).
some old email about move from cp67 to vm370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430
the mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product pipelines contributed to
decisions to pick up various of my stuff and ship in standard vm370
product (csc/vm mentioned in above was psuedo distributed product that I
supported for internal datacenters). One of the pieces was my dynamic
adaptive resource manager ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare
which was decided to package it as a separate kernel "add-on" as guinea pig for starting to charge for kernel software.
In the early 80s, the change-over finally was made to charge for all kernel software ... and that was about the time that the OCO-wars started (i.e. source was still being shipped, even after the change-over to charging for software ... but in the early 80s the decision was to stop shipping source and the move to "Object-Code-Only", again possibly motivated by clone processors in the market)
Tymshare had made their cms-based online computer conferencing free
to SHARE as "VMSHARE" starting in Aug1976 ... archives here:
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/
which includes some of the OCO-wars discussions from the 80s. ... exp
vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/browse.cgi?fn=OBJECT&ft=MEMO
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/browse.cgi?fn=OCO&ft=PROB
Note that SHARE still sponsors customer contributed software libraries
of "free" software ... that includes source
http://www.piercefuller.com/library/share.html
which still lives on with
http://www.cbttape.org/
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: What Makes a Tax System Bizarre? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 19 Dec 2013 15:16:50 -0500Stephen Sprunk <stephen@sprunk.org> writes:
one of the unintended consequences of import quota and significantly increasing auto prices ... was that they went up faster than increase in us earnings ... so they had to change from typical 36m loans to 60m and 72m loans. the 60m and 72m loans were now for periods longer than car warranties (as well as typical car lifetime). Extending car warranties for lifetime of loan drove up warranty expenses because US auto quality was also not very good and if not outright failed tended to wear out fast.
as I've commented in the past, in 1990, the auto industry had C4 task force ... to look at the question of completely remaking themselves (something they were suppose to do a decade earlier and just ignored, however, foreign companies were starting to build plants in the US to get around the quotas). because they were planning on heavily leveraging technology as part of the make-over and so invited representatives of maker technology vendors. In the C4 meetings they could accurately describe the competition and changes needed to be made. however as can be seen they didn't make the changes and apparently still haven't.
posts mentioning C4 taskforce
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#auto.c4.taskforce
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revolution Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2013 10:15:34 -0500hancock4 writes:
riding bus, i still get slightly uneasy feeling stopping on uphill grade.
past refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#44 Just wondering what precisely happened to this newsgroup
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#60 Compressing the OODA-Loop - Removing the D (and maybe even an O)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#23 The first personal computer (PC)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#108 Apple's China Manufacturing blasted
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From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Citigroup is the Real Reason We Need the Volcker Rule Date: 21 Dec, 2013 Blog: Google+re:
Citigroup is the Real Reason We Need the Volcker Rule
http://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2013/12/tom-adams-citigroup-real-reason-need-volcker-rule.html
note that end of 2008, just the four largest too big to fail were carrying "off-book" $5.2T in toxic assets (making the $700B appropriated in TARP for purchase of toxic assets a joke) ... and Citi was carrying the largest of the four. At the time, the "mark-to-market" was 22cents on the dollar ... TARP funds were switched to "loans" ... and the FED Reserve began buying the toxic assets for 98cents on the dollar.
just four largest too big to fail carrying $5.2T off-book ye2008
Bank's Hidden Junk Menaces $1 Trillion Purge
http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=akv_p6LBNIdw&refer=home
toxic assets for 22cents on the dollar
http://online.barrons.com/article/SB121763136297705935.html
posts mentioning toxic CDOs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
posts mentioning too-big-to-fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked atech revolution Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 21 Dec 2013 15:54:46 -0500hancock4 writes:
a lot of compiler products were being moved to the santa teresa lab.
... and then in the early 80s, they decided to outsource the PL/I
compiler to outside company ... as well technology transfer to the
outside company of all sorts of internal compiler optimization
technology (fortran, pascal, pl.8, etc) ... which created some amount
of uproar inside the company. past posts referencing the outsourcing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#71 Is SUN going to become x86'ed ??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#41 Quote on Slashdot.org
pl.8 has various optimizations for 801/risc ... including stuffing
something in delayed branch slot.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delay_slot
old email compare perq, 68k, 3033, pascal/vs & pl.8 doing pascal syntax
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#email810808
past posts mentioning fortq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#1 WATFOR's Silver Anniversary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#52 Disk drives as commodities. Was Re: Yamhill
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#21 "Super-Cheap" Supercomputing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#32 Alpha performance, why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#6 a history question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006s.html#22 Why these original FORTRAN quirks?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#28 floating point, was history of RPG, Fortran
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#87 Gee... I wonder if I qualify for "old geek"?
... and ... note the following is interesting because I don't see the
memo in the current archives
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/
Date: 12/28/81 09:51:16
From: wheeler
To: distribution
from latest VMSHARE
MEMO USERGPRS - 36 lines . . . . Name: SEAS VM Regional Committee (UK & Ireland) Area: United Kingdom and Irish Republic Chair: Steve Tunstall (_RL) Secr: Stuart McRae (_IC) Motto: VM users do it virtually all the time. . . .
also on the Japanese front: Have heard reports that Japanese have come
out with a new FORTRAN compiler that is somewhere between a little bit
better to a whole lot better than Palo Alto's FORTQ. This compares to
the report of IBM's new FORTRAN compiler where either OPT doesn't work
(or at least parameter is recognized and nothing is done). . . . From
Sunday's San Jose Mercury News:
Going from personal computers to the larger maineframe computers, IF
is advising clients that we could see the Japanese mount a full-scale
assault -- greater than generally recoqnized -- on such big computer
makers as IBM, Burroughs, Honeywell and the Univac division of Sperry
Rand.
Its basis for this view: (1) Two Japanese corporate giants -- Fujitsu
and Hitachi -- recently appointed computer engineers as presidents, in
the process passing over others thought to be in line; (2) though the
Japanese already have IBM-compatible equipment, meaning they use IBM
software, they are nevertheless putting hundreds of millions of
dollars into the development of their own software.
This implies they plan to sell upgraded computer systems embracing
just about everything, greatly enhancing their competitive position at
the quality level.
Accordingly, IBM and others could be in for much tougher sledding.
-- Dan Dorfman is financial writer based in New York
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From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Secret contract tied NSA and security industry pioneer Date: 21 Dec, 2013 Blog: FacebookExclusive: Secret contract tied NSA and security industry pioneer
from above:
As a key part of a campaign to embed encryption software that it could
crack into widely used computer products, the U.S. National Security
Agency arranged a secret $10 million contract with RSA, one of the
most influential firms in the computer security industry, Reuters has
learned.
... snip ...
in the mid-80s, was doing some high-speed networking and company required all links be encrypted ... could get units for T1 but they were really expensive ... and above T1, they were really, really hard to find ... that was when I got involved in doing our own ... objective was to handle several mbytes/sec and cost less then $100. At first the crypto group said it significantly compromised crypto strength ... it took 3months to learn the right words to explain to them what it did (rather than compromised, it significantly increased crypto strength). That was when I realized that there was 3 kinds of crypt 1) those they don't care about, 2) those you can't do, and 3) those you can only do for them ... when they said I could make as many as I wanted but there was only one place that could use them (and it wasn't me)
later we had been brought in as consultant to small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on their server, they had also invented this technology they called "SSL" they wanted to use, the result is now frequently called "electronic commerce" (all the implementations did make use of the RSA BSAFE crypto library).
somewhat as a result, in the mid-90s we were invited to participate in
the X9A10 financial working group which had been given the requirement
to preserve the integrity of the financial infrastructure for all
retail payments. Resulting X9.59 standard demonstrated only needing
very strong authentication for integrity (eliminating need for
encryption & SSL, however also eliminated need for digital
certificates and PKI as well as using very strong EC/DSA rather than
RSA).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959
In presentations to the agency, they seemed to like the elimination of
encryption, but didn't like the part about no longer needing PKI and
digital certificates ... and expressed a concern what if somebody used
the EC/DSA crypto software for encryption.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elliptic_Curve_DSA
recent posts mentioning 3 kinds of crypto
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#31 The Vindication of Barb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#69 The failure of cyber defence - the mindset is against it
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#77 German infosec agency warns against Trusted Computing in Windows 8
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#88 NSA and crytanalysis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#10 "NSA foils much internet encryption"
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: U.S. Sidelined as Iraq Becomes Bloodier Date: 21 Dec, 2013 Blog: Boyd and Beyondre:
9/11 Families 'Ecstatic' They Can Finally Sue Saudi Arabia
http://news.yahoo.com/9-11-families-39-ecstatic-39-finally-sue-222121660--abc-news-topstories.html
from above:
An attempt to Saudi Arabia in 2002 was blocked by a federal court
ruling that said the kingdom had sovereign immunity. That ruling was
reversed Thursday by a three-judge federal panel.
... snip ...
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Secret contract tied NSA and security industry pioneer Date: 22 Dec, 2013 Blog: Facebookre:
Trust the math? An Update
http://www.math.columbia.edu/~woit/wordpress/?p=6522
disclaimer: In the 80s, I reported to YKT research ... even tho they let me live in silicon valley (and commute to east coast a couple times a month). Person responsible for DES was there as was one of the people responsible for ECC.
for a little topic drift ... part of x9.59 financial transaction
standard was to tweak the current paradigm so that data from previous
transactions isn't useful to crooks (it doesn't do anything about data
breaches, it just eliminates the risk & threat from majority of
financial related data breaches). A couple characterization of the
current paradigm (crooks can use information from previous
transactions to perform fraudulent financial transactions ... a form
of replay attack):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
dual-use ... since information from previous transactions can be used for fraudulent transactions, that information has to be kept totally confidential and never divulged. at the same time the same information is required in dozens of business processes at millions of locations around the world
security proportional to risk ... the value of the transaction information to the merchants is the profit on the transactions, which can be a couple dollars (and a couple cents for the transaction processor) ... the value of the information to the crooks is the account balance and/or credit limit ... as a result the crooks can afford to outspend the defenders by a factor of 100 times.
aka since x9.59 integrity was achieved with strong authentication it was no longer necessary to hide the information ... which also eliminated the necessity to hide the information during transmission (with SSL).
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revolution Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 22 Dec 2013 12:11:37 -0500jmfbahciv <See.above@aol.com> writes:
cattle ... open range ... it was unusually dry ... i think wheat yield dropped below 3bushels/acre that year.
My job at roundup that year ... I had large tin can of disinfectant with spout ... my job was to squirt it where needed ... branded, neutered and dehorned ... you had to watch cutting off the horns there could be squirt of blood several feet.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: Curiosity: TCB mapping macro name - why IKJTCB? Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 22 Dec 2013 10:06:52 -0800PaulGBoulder@AIM.COM (Paul Gilmartin) writes:
hasp ran as its own subsystem. at univ, i hacked hasp for mvt 15/16
(joint release because 15 was slipping) to put in 2741/tty terminal
support and wrote editor supporting the cp67/cms syntax (complete
rewrite since environments were so different) ... as enhanced CRJE (thot
it was much better than later tso) ... also removed unneeded code
(including 2780) in hasp to reduce the real storage
footprint. misc. past posts mentioning HASP (and hasp&jes2 networking)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#hasp
CICS ran as its own single task ... doing everything it could to avoid
os/360 services ... because they were too heavyweight and too much
overhead. univ. library got ONR grant for online catalog ... used part
of the money to buy 2321 datacell. Project was also selected as betatest
site for original cics product ... and i got tasked with cics
support/debug. running as single os/360 task (and doing its own
scheduling internally) was one of the reasons why CICS was so long in
coming up/out with multiprocessor support (it ran its own internal
multithreaded scheduler ... but single TCB would only dispatch on single
cpu). in early part of century, i know some installations that ran over
hundred CICS instances as a work around to lack of multiprocessor
support. cics would also do all its opens at startup and simulate its
own open/close. misc. past posts mentioning cics (&/or bdam)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#cics
cics history gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20080123061613/http://www.yelavich.com/history/toc.htm
cics multiprocessor exploitation 2004
https://web.archive.org/web/20090107054344/http://www.yelavich.com/history/ev200402.htm
univ had 709/1401 where 1401 was unit record front-end for 709 ... with tapes being manually moved between 1401 & 709 drives. 709 ran tape-to-tape and student fortran job typically took under a second elapsed time. univ. was convinced to buy 360/67 as replacement tss/360. tss/360 never quite made it to production so machine ran as 360/65 as most of the time.
initial transition to 360/65 with os/360 ... the student fortran jobs
were taking over a minute (3step fortran g compile linkedit and
. introduction of hasp got it down close to 30 seconds. I started doing
careful reordered stage2 sysgens with release 11 (optimized arm seek and
pds directory placement) which got nearly 3fold increase. part of
presentation at 1968 FALL SHARE (also includes some numbers of major
rewrite I had done for cp67)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#18
aka ... nearly all the elapsed time was job scheduler overhead. Leading up to release 11 ... IBM senior SE on the account was writing a single step monitor that used attach (trying to do compile, link-edit and execute w/o having to go through job step scheduling). However, in that timeframe we installed WATFOR ... which would do fortran compile and execute multiple student jobs in single step. On 360/65 w/hasp it ran about 20,000 "cards" per minute.
vanilla os/360 w/hasp ran 3-step student fortran jobs about 35seconds elapsed
one stop monitor (using attach) could have got it down around 12seconds elapsed
watfor one-step could do 100 jobs in about 20seconds elapsed
on my customed hand-built system could be further reduce to about 12seconds for 100 jobs with WATFOR.
aka job scheduler was enormously disk arm intensive ... along with heavy use of multi-load transient SVCs ... being brought in 2k at a time.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: Curiosity: TCB mapping macro name - why IKJTCB? Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 22 Dec 2013 11:17:49 -0800dskwire@MINDSPRING.COM (Daniel Skwire) writes:
lots of problems with 360/65 mp which did have shared memory ... but no shared i/o ... dedicated processor channels simulated multiprocessor i/o by connecting processor-specific channels to different "tails" on multi-tail control unit. also 360/65 os/360 mp support used test&set for very gross level spin-lock (significantly exacerbating any recovery scenarios). at the time, ibm definition of mp was that the system could be (manually) partitioned into two independently running systems (when 3081 came out the new term was dyadic, since it was not possible to run the two processors independently)
360/67 mp not only had shared memory but all processors could access all
channels. also mp hardware configuration settings were visible to
software in control registers and even some 360/67 were built where RAS
software could change the hardware configuration by updating the control
register values ... a little more like some of the FAA 360 RAS. 360/67
http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/360/functional_characteristics/GA27-2719-2_360-67_funcChar.pdf
charlie invented compare and swap (mnemonic chosen because
CAS are his initials) when he was doing fine-grain multiprocessor
locking for cp67 ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
at the science center ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
initial attempts to get compare&swap included in 370 were rebuffed, the
370 architecture owners saying that the POK favorite son operating
system people claimed that test&set was more than sufficient. the 370
architecture owners said to get it included, needed justification based
on uses other than multiprocessor locking. thus was born the examples
for multiprogramming/multithreading serialization by large applications
that might be enabled for interrupts (useful whether or not application
was running in multiprocessor environment) ... examples still found in
principles of operation
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/DZ9ZR003/A.6?SHELF=DZ9ZBK03&DT=20040504121320
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: Early !BM multiprocessors (renamed from Curiosity: TCB mapping macro name - why IKJTCB?) Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 22 Dec 2013 17:15:56 -0800dskwire@MINDSPRING.COM (Daniel Skwire) writes:
IBM 9020
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_9020
from above:
The IBM 9020A, for example, was based on the System 360/50 and the 9020D
used 2 out of 3 or 4 360/65 processors for flight and radar data
processing with 2 out of 3 360/50 processors providing input/output
capability.
... and
The 9020As and 9020Ds were in service in North America until 1989 when
they were finally replaced by IBM 3083 BX1 mainframes as part of the
FAA's HOST upgrade.
... snip ...
the wiki entry also references IBM system journal article from 1967: "An application-oriented multiprocessing system, Part II: Design characteristics of the 9020 system" ... they have been moved behind paywall at IEEE.
couple trivia.
originally there wasn't any plans for 3083 ... just 3081 as dyadic and
pair of 3081s for 4-way 3084. big problem was that ACP/TPF (airline
control program renamed transaction processing facility) didn't have
multiprocessor support.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transaction_Processing_Facility
there initially was some very unnatural things done to vm370 for running on 3081 multiprocessor done to improve throughput of TPF running in virtual machine ... that turned out to degrade the multiprocessor throughput of almost every other customer.
eventually there was decision to remove one of the processors in the 3081 cabinet to come up with 3083. a problem was that everything was wired for processor0 (the non-removed processor) was at the top of the cabinet, just removing processor1 in the middle of the cabinet left the box dangerously top heavy.
there was lots of concern that all the TPF customers would all move to
clone processor vendors ... which had faster, more modern single
processor machines. the other issue was the significant competitive
issues with the 308x technology compared to clone competition
... discussed in some detail here:
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm
both 3033 & 3081 were mad rush efforts in the wake of the failure
of FS project ... using some over technology warmed over from FS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
TPF eventually did come up with multiprocessor support ... didn't take quite as long as it took for CICS to come up with smp support (2004).
..
the scientific center ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
started its virtual machine / virtual memory effort before standard
360/67 was available ... so they first tried to get a 360/50 to do their
own hardware modifications to support virtual memory ... however all the
spare 360/50s were going to FAA ... so they had to settle for
360/40. comments was that they were glad they got 360/40 since the
hardware changes for virtual memory support was much simpler than what
they would have had to do for 360/50. thus was born original cp40/cms
... some description
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/cp40seas1982.txt
cp40/cms later morphs into cp67/cms ... which then morphs into vm370.
..
there were a number of FAA modernization efforts ... several of them not
making to fruition. when we were doing ha/cmp product
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
we got pulled into doing some project reviews. one such involved triple-redundant hardware and the people writing the application software were told that they didn't have to program for errors or failures ... since the system would mask all faults to the application level. the problem was that there are a number of (flight control) business process level failures that still had to programmed for.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Beyond Snowden: A New Year's Wish For A Better Debate Date: 22 Dec, 2013 Blog: FacebookBeyond Snowden: A New Year's Wish For A Better Debate
Success of Failure
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
congressional investigation resulted in putting the agency on probation and not allowed to manage its own projects ... which supposedly would have continued up until recently. the supposed "whistleblower" was treated really badly and charged with all sorts of serious crimes ... all of which were recently dropped (it might be interpreted as retribution for threat to careers ... unrelated to threat to agency).
Success of Failure posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
I've periodically referred to not understanding how so much material
could have walked away. Part of this could be considered increasing
privatization of intelligence and push for profit. "Spies Like Us"
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us/
from above:
Private contractors like Booz Allen now reportedly garner 70 percent
of the annual $80 billion intelligence budget and supply more than
half of the available manpower.
... snip ...
How Booz Allen Hamilton Swallowed Washington
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-06-23/visualizing-how-booz-allen-hamilton-swallowed-washington
Note that private equity companies have been putting the loans (to do
the reverse-IPO) on the purchased companies' books ... which puts the
companies under intense pressure to service the debt load
... frequently cutting all sorts of corners to meet financial
objectives ... "More than half of the companies that defaulted on
their debt that year were either previous or currently owned by
private equity firms"
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/05/business/economy/05simmons.html
Note the statements about instituting multi-party operations ... multi-party operations have been widely-used standard countermeasure to insider threats from at least the dawn of computers. why they weren't in use during this incident is more than little bewildering. In the early 80s, collusion was increasingly common counter to multi-party operations ... so there were increasing efforts for anti-collusion measures. Financial industry anti-collusion measures include things like enforced, staggered vacations.
there is lot making the rounds about cbs 60mins piece was seriously flawed ... as well as possibly *everything* walked out the door.
Former whistleblowers: open letter to intelligence employees after
Snowden | Thomas Drake, Daniel Ellsberg, Katharine Gun, Peter Kofod,
Ray McGovern, Jesselyn Radack, Coleen Rowley
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/dec/11/whistleblowers-open-letter-after-snowden-revelations
from above:
Numerous ex-NSA officials have come forward in the past decade,
disclosing massive fraud, vast illegalities and abuse of power in said
agency, including Thomas Drake, William Binney and Kirk Wiebe. The
response was 100% persecution and 0% accountability by both the NSA
and the rest of government.
... snip ...
whistleblower posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
also 2007 Success of Failure .... Who broke the law, Snowden or the
NSA?
http://chicagodefender.com/2013/12/18/who-broke-the-law-snowden-or-the-nsa/
from above:
When NSA employees Bill Binney, Tom Drake, Diane Roark and I submitted
a formal complaint about mismanagement at the agency, the government's
response on July 26, 2007, was to send the FBI to raid our homes,
searching them for seven hours and seizing our computers, phones and
other digital media. We are just now getting our property back after
having successfully sued the government in December 2012.
... snip ...
possibly somewhat related ... Office of Special Counsel Releases
Report Confirming Misconduct by Then-Agency Head Scott Bloch
http://www.pogo.org/blog/2013/12/office-of-special-counsel-releases-report.html
there was public IARPA BAA (iarpa.gov, we didn't know it at the time for various reasons, it was early in the period leading up to Success of failure) from somebody at the agency, saying that none of the stuff they had did the job. We didn't even know about the BAA ... but on the last day we got a call asking us to respond before it closed (in part because nobody else had). There was a couple meetings about how we would be able to do what was required ... and then nothing. Later we were told that the higher ups had told the BAA author that he actually hadn't proved (to their satisfaction) that what they have wouldn't do the job. As in Success Of Failure stories, there are lot of large for-profit companies and other vested interests interested in maintaining the status quo (conjecture that he was allowed to release the BAA in anticipation of no response, which would help shutdown his complaining).
note: was actually precursor to iarpa
https://web.archive.org/web/20050828171703/http://www.ic-arda.org/about_arda.htm
now
http://www.iarpa.gov/whatis.html
This says that the whole sysadmin may have misdirection, everybody
with ts/sci has access to everything with no record of who does what
(there was some report that there are around million with ts) "The
National Security Agency's oversharing problem"
http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/12/the-national-security-agencys-oversharing-problem/
Report Suggests NSA Engaged In Financial Manipulation, Changing Money In Bank Accounts
http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20131218/14533925607/intelligence-task-force-hints-nsa-manipulating-financial-systems-changing-amounts-bank-accounts.shtml
The NSA review panel didn't answer the real question: was any of this legal?
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/dec/19/nsa-review-panel-report-legal-questions
Officials' defenses of NSA phone program may be unraveling
http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/officials-defenses-of-nsa-phone-program-may-be-unraveling/2013/12/19/6927d8a2-68d3-11e3-ae56-22de072140a2_story.html
NSA Program Stopped No Terrorist Attacks
http://news.firedoglake.com/2013/12/20/nsa-program-stopped-no-terrorist-attacks/
NSA program stopped no terror attacks, says White House panel member
http://investigations.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/12/19/21975158-nsa-program-stopped-no-terror-attacks-says-white-house-panel-member
recent extended interview with Drake ... whistleblower in the Success
of Failure case:
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Global_Economy/GECON-02-231213.html
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: US a laggard in adopting more secure credit cards Date: 23 Dec, 2013 Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and Securityalso facebook ...
US a laggard in adopting more secure credit cards
http://www.mcclatchydc.com/2013/12/21/212411/us-a-laggard-in-adopting-more.html
There was a large pilot program of the chip cards in the US at the
start of the century ... but it was in the Yes Card period .... old
reference to presentation at Cartes 2002 (gone 404 but lives on at the
wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20030417083810/http://www.smartcard.co.uk/resources/articles/cartes2002.html
that reference it was nearly as easy to clone a Yes Card as a magstripe card ... and the fraud from Yes Card was much worse than magstripe card (i.e. Yes Card could force transactions to be done offline so online rules turning off the account or limiting transaction size had no effect).
In the wake of the Yes Card revelations ... the pilot seem to evaporate without a trace (it seemed like US was going to wait while newer versions were well vetted in other places before trying again).
note: we pointed out the problem before the deployment ... but were ignored. Part of the issue was that the chipcard people were myopically focused on direct chip attacks. The attack was skimming at POS terminals and using the information for creating clone card (effectively same skimming technology used against magstripe cards).
and of course our AADS chip strawman had none of those vulnerabilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#aads
No (not a case of NIH) the US had a very large pilot ... but it turned out the chip was seriously flawed and had to be totally shutdown. The UK deployment involved much smaller population so the cost for mistaken technology is much less. It would be enormous cost to have potential series of large deployments of mistaken technology.
The other issue was that specific mistaken technology was POS only ... and didn't address the internet. There was completely different large pilots in the US involving different chip technology for the internet ... which floundered for a variety of other reasons.
I'm biased since in the mid-90s in the x9a10 financial standard working group we were required to address *ALL* retail payments ... and had to address all the fraud scenarios that other implementations seemed to ignore.
Note europe were doing a lot with chips in the early 90s for payments as alternative to the lack &/or highcost of telco/online (not security). Lots of the European/UK solutions were "stored value" and the US responded with "online" gift/merchant stored-value magstripe cards (telco in the US was abundant and inexpensive).
In the mid-90s I was asked to design/size/cost the backend dataprocessing supporting one such EURO chipcard deployment for the US. As part of the cost analysis, I showed that specific (as well as other EURO) implementation was based on the "float" in the stored-value system. Not long later, the EURO central banks said that the operators would have to start paying interest on the value in the system ... and the float incentive disappeared ... and so did most of those systems.
About the same time in the x9a10 financial standard group we were designing standard and chip that would have none of the short comings and vulnerabilities of these other designs.
the other part was in the UK, the associations changed the dispute burden of proof for chip transactions ... as incentive to institutions to put in supporting infrastructure (which would violate reg-e in the us). I've been contacted by legal representative of UK individual (about chip vulnerabilities) involved in dispute about chip ATM withdrawal ... with the burden of proof on the individual ... it is their responsibility to produce the surveillance video proving that they didn't do it (the institution isn't required to produce the video proving they did do it).
past posts mentioning Yes Card
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#yescard
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Target breach likely involved inside knowledge, experts say Date: 23 Dec, 2013 Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and SecurityTarget breach likely involved inside knowledge, experts say
Past stats have claimed that insiders are in involved in 70% of incidents.
Target credit card data theft gets worse
http://www.tgdaily.com/security/83541-target-credit-card-data-theft-gets-worse
Target says sorry again, offers 10% off and free credit monitoring;
CEO takes to the Web to report shoppers' PINs, birth dates, and SSNs
are safe.
http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/12/target-says-sorry-again-offers-10-off-and-free-credit-monitoring/
US banks move to limit Target debit card breach damage
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-25493536
we were tangentially involved in the cal. state data breach
legislation ... having been brought in to help wordsmith the
cal. state electronic signature act. A lot of the participants were
heavily involved in privacy issues and had done detailed, in-depth
public surveys. The #1 issue was identity theft, primarily of the form
of fraudulent financial transactions as the result of breaches and
there was little or nothing being done about the breaches. An issue is
normally an entity/institution takes security measures to protect
themselves, In the case of the breaches, the institution wasn't at
risk ... it was their customers. It was hoped that the publicity from
the breach notifications would prompt breach countermeasures.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
Note in the years since the cal. state breach notification act there have been numerous federal (state preemption) acts introduced ... about evenly divided between those similar to the cal. act and those that would effectively eliminate any requirement for notification
long ago and far away, we had been brought in as consultant to small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on their server, they had also invented this technology they called "SSL" they wanted to use, the result is now frequently called "electronic commerce"
somewhat as a result, in the mid-90s we were invited to participate in
the X9A10 financial working group which had been given the requirement
to preserve the integrity of the financial infrastructure for all
retail payments. Resulting X9.59 standard demonstrated only needing
very strong authentication for integrity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959
part of x9.59 financial transaction standard was to tweak the current paradigm so that data from previous transactions isn't useful to crooks (it doesn't do anything about data breaches, it just eliminates the risk & threat from majority of financial related data breaches, also eliminates major motivation for crooks doing data breaches). A couple characterization of the current paradigm (crooks can use information from previous transactions to perform fraudulent financial transactions ... a form of replay attack):
dual-use ... since information from previous transactions can be used for fraudulent transactions, that information has to be kept totally confidential and never divulged. at the same time the same information is required in dozens of business processes at millions of locations around the world
security proportional to risk ... the value of the transaction information to the merchants is the profit on the transactions, which can be a couple dollars (and a couple cents for the transaction processor) ... the value of the information to the crooks is the account balance and/or credit limit ... as a result the crooks can afford to outspend the defenders by a factor of 100 times.
aka since x9.59 integrity was achieved with strong authentication it
was no longer necessary to hide the information ... which also
eliminated the necessity to hide the information during transmission
(with SSL).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#x959
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Target Offers Free Credit Monitoring Following Security Breach Date: 23 Dec, 2013 Blog: FacebookTarget Offers Free Credit Monitoring Following Security Breach
1) start of century, there was large pilot in the US of the chipcards
(point-of-sale specific) ... unfortunately it was in the Yes Card
period (characterized as spending billions to prove chips are less
secure than magstripe) resulting in the whole thing appearing to
evaporate w/o trace ... some evidence that there is wait to make sure
there won't be whole series of deployments having chips with
mistakes. posts mentioning Yes Card
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#yescard
2) in UK the associations reversed burden of proof in dispute (in US would violate reg-e) involving these chips as incentive to institutions & merchants to deploy the infrastructure. In the past I was contacted by UK legal representative of individual that was involved in dispute over ATM cash withdrawal ... and since it involved chip, it was up to the individual to produce the surveillance video proving he didn't do it (as opposed to the institution producing the video proving he did do it).
3) internet specific ... at the start of the century there was a number of internet "safe" payment products produced that found acceptance among merchants accounting for 70% of transactions. for decades merchants of been indoctrinated that their interchange fee had significant surcharge proportional to associated fraud rate and the merchants were expected an order of magnitude drop in their interchange fee, however the financial institutions explained that they were inverting the relationship and would add another surcharge for the "safe" products on top of the highest interchange fee merchants were already paying ... resulting in a massive amount of cognitive dissonance and the whole thing imploded (many large institutions have around half their bottom line from these interchange payment fees, reducing that by order-of-magnitude would be a big hit).
4)if fraud in the current payment structure was fixed (where financial institutions make significant profit from merchants and the associated interchange fees), crooks are likely to move in mass to the next lowest hanging fruit ... which is opening new accounts using synthentic IDs (not tied to any real individual) ... where the financial institutions would solely libel (no other institution to charge it off to).
note in the UK, people were also told to report fraudulent financial transactions to the institution ... not the police, and the institution would decide whether to report it to the police.
Note europe were doing a lot with chips in the early 90s for payments as alternative to the lack &/or highcost of telco/online (not security). Lots of the European/UK solutions were "stored value" and the US responded with "online" gift/merchant stored-value magstripe cards (telco in the US was abundant and inexpensive).
In the mid-90s I was asked to design/size/cost the backend dataprocessing supporting one such EURO chipcard deployment for the US. As part of the cost analysis, I showed that specific (as well as other EURO) implementation was based on the "float" in the stored-value system. Not long later, the EURO central banks said that the operators would have to start paying interest on the value in the system ... and the float incentive disappeared ... and so did most of those systems.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 23 Dec 2013 20:41:13 -0500Shmuel (Seymour J.) Metz <spamtrap@library.lspace.org.invalid> writes:
we hardly went anywhere so it would be pretty easy ... however it is one of those things i didn't want to find anything about (definitly not enuf to tell whether they could or couldn't).
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why IBM chose MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!' made30yearsagotoday Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2013 00:37:34 -0500Shmuel (Seymour J.) Metz <spamtrap@library.lspace.org.invalid> writes:
fall of 88, far east clone vendors had built up enormous inventory of 286 systems expecting to sell them all that fall for xmas season ... then low cost 386sx was introduces (with 16bit bus) ... which took over the market ... and there was an enormous fire sale on those 286 systems at huge discount.
486 ... had integrated floating point (aka 487) ... however there was a
"low-cost" 486sx w/o floating point ... it was actually a 486 with the
floating point zapped.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_80486
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: What Makes a Tax System Bizarre? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 24 Dec 2013 11:39:03 -0500Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
last in 3part series on DOD accounting
UNACCOUNTABLE The high cost of the Pentagon's bad bookkeeping.
Broken Fixes: Why the Pentagon's many campaigns to clean up its accounts
are failing
http://www.reuters.com/investigates/pentagon/#article/part3
previous
Number Crunch: How the Pentagon's payroll quagmire traps America's
soldiers
http://www.reuters.com/investigates/pentagon/#article/part1
Faking it: Behind the Pentagon's doctored ledgers, a running
tally of epic waste
http://www.reuters.com/investigates/pentagon/#article/part2
note recent references about the $1T drawdown for DOD budget over the next decade ... is from its peak (with $2+T plus added) ... and the comments about hollowing out US military would seem to be that all the cuts planned are active duty and not the fraud & waste (which would have big impact on the profit of the industrial component of MICC).
posts mentioning military industrial complex
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
other references:
Behind the Pentagon's doctored ledgers, a running tally of epic
waste
http://www.cnbc.com/id/101206230
How Badly Things Are Broken With Our Defense
http://warnewsupdates.blogspot.com/2013/11/is-us-defense-department-broken.html
Pentagon Guilty Of Billion-Dollar Accounting Fraud, Reveals Reuters Investigation
http://www.theverge.com/2013/11/18/5117816/pentagon-guilty-of-billion-dollar-accounting-fraud-reveals-reuters
five Myths Of The Modern Military
http://warnewsupdates.blogspot.com/2013/11/5-current-myths-for-us-military-planners.html
five myths of the modern military
http://www.thenewstribune.com/2013/11/16/2893233/5-myths-of-the-modern-military.html
It's Not Just Navy Admirals Being Naughty -- The Pentagon's Got a
Major Behavior Problem The "Fat Leonard" scandal is symptomatic
https://medium.com/war-is-boring/cb99cf3556da
The U.S. Is Still A Superpower (For Now)
http://warnewsupdates.blogspot.com/2013/11/the-us-is-still-superpower-for-now.html
Pentagon's Bosses Thwart Accurate Audit Of DOD's Main Accounting Office
http://warnewsupdates.blogspot.com/2013/11/spending-pentagons-money.html
Five Insanely Wasteful Projects the Pentagon is Spending Your Money On
http://www.policymic.com/articles/74159/5-insanely-wasteful-projects-the-pentagon-is-spending-your-money-on
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe" Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2013 10:34:15 -0500Quadibloc <jsavard@ecn.ab.ca> writes:
about that time, a senior disk engineer got a talk scheduled at a communication group annual, world-wide, internal conference ... supposedly on 3174 performance ... but opened the talk with statement that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division. the issue was that the communication group had corporate strategic ownership of everything that crossed the datacenter walls and were fiercely protecting their dumb terminal paradigm and install base ... fighting off client/server and distributed computing. The disk division was seeing the effects with downturn in disk sales as data was fleeing the datacenters to more distributed computing friendly platforms. The disk division had come up with several solutions to reverse the problem, but they were constantly vetoed by the disk division.
a few years later, the company had gone into the red ... and the same
executives had reorganized the company into the 13 "baby blues" in
preparation for breaking up the company. time magazine stories from
12/28/92 ... including "fall of ibm" article "How IBM Was Left Behind"
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
The board then brings in Gerstner to reverse the breakup and resurrect the company ... by redirecting the company into services ... including acquiring lots of consulting & services companies ... all hardware products now only accounts for something like 17% of corporate revenue ... and of that mainfame processor sales has been running only 4-5% of the total.
after the initial flight from mainframe datacenters, what was left was small core of mainframe customers with large, very high value legacy applications ... mostly in the financial industry ... the risk of convert/migrating them was higher than continuing to pay a large premium for mainframe hardware
past posts mentioning gerstner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
one might conjecture that the wallstreet financial industry was
instrumental in getting the board to bring in Gerstner (who came from
the financial industry) ... to keep those mainframe processors
coming. However, the resulting IBM was heavily oriented towards large
compensation for top executives ... heavily loaded with culture similar to
the too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
and private equity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
recent threads with Gerstner history, too big to fail, private equity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#20 Louis V. Gerstner Jr. lays out his post-IBM life
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#26 Louis V. Gerstner Jr. lays out his post-IBM life
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#60 Retirement Heist
for other drift there has been discussion in some IBM groups about IBM
using stock buybacks and other measures as propping up share price (and
boosting top executive compensation).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#60 Retirement Heist
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#37 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#84 3Q earnings are becoming the norm at IBM. What is IBM management overlooking?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#85 How do you feel about IBM passing off it's retirees to ObamaCare?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#1 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#60 Bridgestone Sues IBM For $600 Million Over Allegedly 'Defective' System That Plunged The Company Into 'Chaos'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#14 Microsoft, IBM lobbying seen killing key anti-patent troll proposal
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#15 IBM Shrinks - Analysts Hate It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#16 IBM Shrinks - Analysts Hate It
Stockman in "The Great Deformation: The Corruption of Capitalism in
America" pg464/loc9995-10000:
IBM was not the born-again growth machine trumpeted by the mob of Wall
Street momo traders. It was actually a stock buyback contraption on
steroids. During the five years ending in fiscal 2011, the company
spent a staggering $67 billion repurchasing its own shares, a figure
that was equal to 100 percent of its net income.
pg465/10014-17:
Total shareholder distributions, including dividends, amounted to $82
billion, or 122 percent, of net income over this five-year
period. Likewise, during the last five years IBM spent less on capital
investment than its depreciation and amortization charges, and also
shrank its constant dollar spending for research and development by
nearly 2 percent annually.
... snip ...
other recent posts mentioning the "baby blues" reorg in preparation
for breaking up IBM:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#76 mainframe "selling" points
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#53 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#11 relative mainframe speeds, was What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#20 Y2K hacks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#33 IBM Spent A Million Dollars Renovating And Staffing Its Former CEO's Office
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#35 Ex-Bailout Watchdog: JPMorgan's Actions "Entirely Consistent With Fraud"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#76 IBM Spent A Million Dollars Renovating And Staffing Its Former CEO's Office
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#17 The Big, Bad Bit Stuffers of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#79 As an IBM'er just like the Marines only a few good men and women make the cut,
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#46 As an IBM'er just like the Marines only a few good men and women make the cut,
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#63 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#43 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#40 The Mainframe is "Alive and Kicking"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#76 DataPower XML Appliance and RACF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#77 IBM going ahead with more U.S. job cuts today
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#2 IBM commitment to academia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#7 IBM commitment to academia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#14 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#17 Should we, as an industry, STOP using the word Mainframe and find (and start using) something more up-to-date
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#28 Flag bloat
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#29 The agency problem and how to create a criminogenic environment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#31 China mulls probe into IBM, Oracle, EMC after NSA hack claims - report
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#49 The Original IBM Basic Beliefs for those that have never seen them
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#6 Voyager 1 just left the solar system using less computing powerthan your iP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#35 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#46 50,000 x86 operating system on single mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#66 NSA Revelations Kill IBM Hardware Sales In China
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#17 z/OS is antique WAS: Aging Sysprogs = Aging Farmers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#78 wtf ? - was Catalog system for Unix et al
recent posts mentioning prediction that communication group was going
to be responsible for demise of disk division (and major factor in
the whole IBM and mainframe downturn):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#75 mainframe "selling" points
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#32 Ethernet at 40: Its daddy reveals its turbulent youth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#57 Dualcase vs monocase. Was: Article for the boss
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#75 Still not convinced about the superiority of mainframe security vs distributed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#76 IBM Spent A Million Dollars Renovating And Staffing Its Former CEO's Office
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#17 The Big, Bad Bit Stuffers of IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#57 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#58 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#70 How internet can evolve
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#17 Tech Time Warp of the Week: The 50-Pound Portable PC, 1977
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#34 What Makes code storage management so cool?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#10 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#2 IBM commitment to academia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#44 Teletypewriter Model 33
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#49 The Original IBM Basic Beliefs for those that have never seen them
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#5 Voyager 1 just left the solar system using less computing powerthan your iP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#78 wtf ? - was Catalog system for Unix et al
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe" Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2013 11:08:55 -0500Quadibloc <jsavard@ecn.ab.ca> writes:
issue is 22Feb1993 ... which is only two months after 28Dec1992 article about IBM reorg into 13 "Baby Blues" in preparation for breaking up the company.
Gerster isn't brought into IBM until April1993 to reverse the breakup
and resurrect the company
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_V._Gerstner,_Jr.
posts mentioning Gerstner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Target breach likely involved inside knowledge, experts say Date: 26 Dec, 2013 Blog: Information Security NetworkTarget breach likely involved inside knowledge, experts say
Past stats have claimed that insiders are in involved in 70% of incidents.
Target credit card data theft gets worse
http://www.tgdaily.com/security/83541-target-credit-card-data-theft-gets-worse
Target says sorry again, offers 10% off and free credit monitoring;
CEO takes to the Web to report shoppers' PINs, birth dates, and SSNs
are safe.
http://arstechnica.com/security/2013/12/target-says-sorry-again-offers-10-off-and-free-credit-monitoring/
we were tangentially involved in the cal. state data breach
legislation ... having been brought in to help wordsmith the
cal. state electronic signature act. A lot of the participants were
heavily involved in privacy issues and had done detailed, in-depth
public surveys. The #1 issue was identity theft, primarily of the form
of fraudulent financial transactions as the result of breaches and
there was little or nothing being done about the breaches. An issue is
normally an entity/institution takes security measures to protect
themselves, In the case of the breaches, the institution wasn't at
risk ... it was their customers. It was hoped that the publicity from
the breach notifications would prompt breach countermeasures. Note in
the years since the cal. state breach notification act there have been
numerous federal (state preemption) acts introduced ... about evenly
divided between those similar to the cal. act and those that would
effectively eliminate any requirement for notification
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#signature
long ago and far away, we had been brought in as consultant to small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on their server, they had also invented this technology they called "SSL" they wanted to use, the result is now frequently called "electronic commerce"
somewhat as a result, in the mid-90s we were invited to participate in
the X9A10 financial working group which had been given the requirement
to preserve the integrity of the financial infrastructure for all
retail payments. Resulting X9.59 standard demonstrated only needing
very strong authentication for integrity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959
part of x9.59 financial transaction standard was to tweak the current paradigm so that data from previous transactions isn't useful to crooks (it doesn't do anything about data breaches, it just eliminates the risk & threat from majority of financial related data breaches, also eliminates major motivation for crooks doing data breaches). A couple characterization of the current paradigm (crooks can use information from previous transactions to perform fraudulent financial transactions ... a form of replay attack):
dual-use ... since information from previous transactions can be used for fraudulent transactions, that information has to be kept totally confidential and never divulged. at the same time the same information is required in dozens of business processes at millions of locations around the world
security proportional to risk ... the value of the transaction information to the merchants is the profit on the transactions, which can be a couple dollars (and a couple cents for the transaction processor) ... the value of the information to the crooks is the account balance and/or credit limit ... as a result the crooks can afford to outspend the defenders by a factor of 100 times.
aka since x9.59 integrity was achieved with strong authentication it
was no longer necessary to hide the information ... which also
eliminated the necessity to hide the information during transmission
(with SSL).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#x959
As an aside, much of the issue taking so long to get X9.59 passed as the standard ... was heavy effort by the identification digital certificate forces for their digital certificates be mandated for all financial transactions (they were also active in the electronic signature legislation trying to mandate identification digital certificates for electronic signature).
One of the side issues that they didn't understand (or care about) was
that the appending of identification digital certificate to every
payment transaction represented a factor of 100 times payload bloat
(for something that didn't provide any added value ... superfluous
and redundant).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#bloat
In the x9a10 financial standard working group went to a great deal of trouble to explicitly differentiate between authentication and identification
Note that the current payment infrastructure is the "low hanging" fruit for crooks. Financial institutions pro-rate the "interchange fees" charged merchants based on related fraud ... and make a hefty profit ... accounting for half bottom line for some institutions. If that is eliminated, the next low-hanging fruit is crooks opening new accounts using "synthetic" identification (no real associated person). The issue with opening new accounts is there is no other organizations to charge it off to.
other recent posts mentioning target:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#59 Target breach likely involved inside knowledge, experts say
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#60 Target Offers Free Credit Monitoring Following Security Breach
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: What Chase And Other Banks Won't Tell You About Selling Your Data Date: 26 Dec, 2013 Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and SecurityWhat Chase And Other Banks Won't Tell You About Selling Your Data
I've recently mentioned being brought in to help wordsmith the
cal. state electronic signature legislation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#39 ICSF Symmetric Key being sent to a non-zOS system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#68 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#47 Pirate Bay co-founder charged with hacking IBM mainframes, stealing money
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#52 U.S. agents 'got lucky' pursuing accused Russia master hackers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#12 How the IETF plans to protect the web from NSA snooping
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#59 Target breach likely involved inside knowledge, experts say
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#66 Target breach likely involved inside knowledge, experts say
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#signature
and being tangentially involved in the cal. state data breach legislation. Several of the participants were heavily involved in privacy issues and had done detailed, in-depth public surveys and the #1 issue was "identity theft" ... primarily the form of fraudulent financial transactions as result of various kinds of breaches. Since there was little or nothing being done, there was some hope that the resulting publicity from the breach notifications might prompt corrective action.
The group was also in the process of doing a opt-in privacy sharing legislation (institutions can only share individual personal information if they have explicit authorization). About this time an (federal preemption) "opt-out" privacy sharing provision was added to GLBA (note that now GLBA is better known for repeal of Glass-Steagall, enabling too big to fail, at the time the rhetoric in congress was the main purpose of GLBA was "if you already had banking charter, you could keep it; however if you didn't already having banking charger, you couldn't get one" ... aka eliminate new entries coming in and competing with banks).
Opt-in required that they have explicit authorization to share your information ... where "opt-out" requires that they have a record of you objecting to your information being shared.
At an annual privacy conference in Wash DC in the middle of last decade, there was panel discussion with all the FTC commissioners. During the discussion somebody from the audience got up and asked them if they were ever going to do anything about (GLBA) privacy sharing. He said he was involved in call-center technology used by all financial institutions ... and he knew that the "opt-out" 1-800 operations never recorded any information from calls (no official record that somebody objected/opt'ing-out of personal information sharing). The FTC commissioners just ignored the question.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe" Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2013 14:14:11 -0500hancock4 writes:
after the failure of FS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
somebody did a post of large number of ducks in formation with caption
"wild ducks are tolerated as long as they fly in formation" ... and
another about "how to stuff a wild duck" (multitude of the antithesis of
"wild duck")
http://www.users.cloud9.net/~bradmcc/GO/wildDuck.html
more recently part of the videos for the IBM 100th anniv ... there was one about "wild ducks" ... but there was absolutely no reference to employees ... all about "wild duck" customers (obfuscation and mis-direction).
past posts mentioning wild ducks:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007b.html#38 'Innovation' and other crimes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#25 sizeof() was: The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#18 IT full of 'ducks'? Declare open season
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#30 IBM Centennial Film: Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#33 Happy 100th Birthday, IBM!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#79 Innovation and iconoclasm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#1 What is IBM culture?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#45 What is IBM culture?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#93 John R. Opel, RIP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#105 5 ways to keep your rockstar employees happy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#121 The Myth of Work-Life Balance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#59 Original Thinking Is Hard, Where Good Ideas Come From
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#72 Original Thinking Is Hard, Where Good Ideas Come From
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#3 Time to Think ... and to Listen
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#7 Leadership Trends and Realities: What Does Leadership Look Like Today
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#17 Hierarchy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#26 Top Ten Reasons Why Large Companies Fail To Keep Their Best Talent
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#19 SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#24 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#26 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#28 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#31 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#42 The IBM "Open Door" policy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#49 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#56 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#65 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#70 Long Strange Journey: An Intelligence Memoir
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#15 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#16 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#12 How do we fight bureaucracy and bureaucrats in IBM?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#49 A Complete History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#52 Bridgestone Sues IBM For $600 Million Over Allegedly 'Defective' System That Plunged The Company Into 'Chaos'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#72 In Command, but Out Of Control
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#3 Inside the Box People don't actually like creativity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#4 Inside the Box People don't actually like creativity
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe" Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2013 14:33:18 -0500hancock4 writes:
I've pontificated that (v1) e5-2600 blades have processor rating of 400-500+ BIPS (and ibm base list price of $1815 or $3.50/BIPs) .... compared to 50 BIPS for max configured z196 mainframe (and price of $28M or $560,000/BIPS) and 75 BIPS for the newer max configured EC12 mainframe.
Major mainframe operating system MVS (zOS) still requires CKD DASD,
which hasn't been manufactured for decades ... instead being simulated on
commodity, industry standard disks.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dasd
Mainframe I/O channel is FICON, a heavy weight protocol layer that
drastically reduces the throughput of the native industry standard fibre
channel standard. Peak I/O benchmark for z196 is 2M IOPS with 104 FICON
(FICON protocol layer on top of 104 FCS). Recently there was
announcement of a (single) FCS for e5-2600 claiming over million IOPS
(two such would have greater throughput than 104 FICON0.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon
large cloud operators are now starting to deploy newer V2 e5-2600 in their blades ... and for a decade they've been claiming that the build their own servers for 1/3rd the price of brand name vendors (now possibly under $1/BIPS). there have been references that chip manufactures are now shipping more server chips directly to cloud operators than to brand name vendors.
and for the fun of it ... news about major DBMS throughput increases on these platforms (using GPUs)
Fast Database Emerges from MIT Class, GPUs and Student's Invention
http://data-informed.com/fast-database-emerges-from-mit-class-gpus-and-students-invention
Red Fox: An Execution Environment for Relational Query Processing on
GPUs
http://gpuocelot.gatech.edu/publications/redfox/
recent posts mentioning e5-2600
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#35 Reports: IBM may sell x86 server business to Lenovo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#37 Where Does the Cloud Cover the Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#38 Reports: IBM may sell x86 server business to Lenovo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#51 Reports: IBM may sell x86 server business to Lenovo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#57 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#64 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#70 How internet can evolve
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#72 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#73 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#74 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#2 A Complete History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#4 A Complete History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#5 SAS Deserting the MF?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#7 SAS Deserting the MF?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#14 Tech Time Warp of the Week: The 50-Pound Portable PC, 1977
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#23 Old data storage or data base
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#43 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#49 A Complete History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#50 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#93 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#3 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#5 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#6 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#40 The Mainframe is "Alive and Kicking"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#79 Why does IBM keep saying things like this:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#80 Minicomputer Pricing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#47 Making mainframe technology hip again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#59 Making mainframe technology hip again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#60 Making mainframe technology hip again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#86 IBM unveils new "mainframe for the rest of us"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#53 spacewar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#31 model numbers; was re: World's worst programming environment?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#50 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#51 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#53 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#54 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#70 50,000 x86 operating system on single mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#33 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#35 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#78 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made 30 years agotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#94 SHARE Blog: News Flash: The Mainframe (Still) Isn't Dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#38 Making mainframe technology hip again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#54 rebuild 1403 printer chain
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#61 Bet Cloud Computing to Win
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Who broke the law, Snowden or the NSA? Date: 26 Dec, 2013 Blog: Information Security NetworkWho broke the law, Snowden or the NSA?
This says that the whole sysadmin may have misdirection, everybody
with ts/sci has access to everything with no record of who does what
(there was some report that there are around million with ts) "The
National Security Agency's oversharing problem"
http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/12/the-national-security-agencys-oversharing-problem/
there have been past news items that the agency had non-trivial problem with employee surveillance of love interests (and/or rivals) ... implication very little oversight of what surveillance goes on
also
Report Suggests NSA Engaged In Financial Manipulation, Changing Money
In Bank Accounts
http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20131218/14533925607/intelligence-task-force-hints-nsa-manipulating-financial-systems-changing-amounts-bank-accounts.shtml
earlier there was whistleblower issue ... the spreading Success Of
failure culture in washington
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
and the whistleblower was treated really badly, charged with the same
violations as Snowden (for reporting problems to congress)
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/dec/11/whistleblowers-open-letter-after-snowden-revelations ..
http://chicagodefender.com/2013/12/18/who-broke-the-law-snowden-or-the-nsa/ ..
http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Global_Economy/GECON-02-231213.html
The Success Of Failure came to head in 2007 with legal action
against whistleblowers ... basically reporting to congress that there
was illegal activity ... but no public release of classified
information ... but they were charged with that anyway.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
Recently there has been several news item about investigation into the head of the gov. whistleblower office during the previous administration. Reporting whistleblower activity back to the respective agencies ... destroying large amount of whistleblower reports, as well as other stuff:
Office of Special Counsel Releases Report Confirming Misconduct by
Then-Agency Head Scott Bloch
http://www.pogo.org/blog/2013/12/office-of-special-counsel-releases-report.html
from above:
Along the way, he publicly made disparaging remarks about "leakers,"
even though it is his job to protect the federal government's
whistleblowers. As a result, Bloch has been a lightning rod for the
news media, Republicans and Democrats in the Congress, whistleblower
attorneys, and good government groups
... snip ...
Final Report Confirms Misconduct at Bush-Era Office of Special Counsel
http://www.govexec.com/oversight/2013/12/final-report-confirms-misconduct-bush-era-office-special-counsel/75756/
other past history ... in 2010 pleated guilty to criminal contempt of
congress ... including destruction of documents.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scott_Bloch
In any case, the Success Of Failure case (and others) made it very evident that there was no way of raising issues through the normal gov. channels.
posts mentioning whistleblowers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblowers
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe" Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2013 18:09:22 -0500"Sam" <sam_james@gmail.nospam.com> writes:
note that nearly any one of the large cloud "megadatacenters" will have more processing power than the aggregate all of the mainframes in the world today.
note that while mainframe processor sales has been running only 4-5% of total IBM revenue ... its mainframe group has been earning total of $6.25 for every dollar in processor sales ... aka the calculation that mainframe is running around $560,000/BIPS ... total mainframe revenue (with services and software) comes closer to $3.5M/BIPS.
This is compared to (v1) e5-2600 blades around $3.50/BIPS from brand name vendors (a million times less) and costing large cloud operations (building their own) possibly closer to dollar/BIPS (three million times less). The newer v2 e5-2600 may further reduce that by another factor two.
One of the factors for the big cloud megacenters with the radical drop in system/computer costs ... is all the other megadatacenter costs are become a much larger percentage of total costs ... power, cooling, human administration and maintenance, etc. As a result the big cloud megadatacenters have been on the bleeding edge of reducing these other costs.
The radical reduction in system/computer costs have also allowed them to aggresively move into large amount of "on-demand" services ... as long as the system power&cooling drop to zero when idle ... but possible to come up to full operation "on-demand".
recent posts mentioning large cloud megadatacenters:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#16 From build to buy: American Airlines changes modernization course midflight
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#17 Still think the mainframe is going away soon: Think again. IBM mainframe computer sales are 4% of IBM's revenue; with software, services, and storage it's 25%
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#7 mainframe "selling" points
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#8 mainframe "selling" points
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#10 FW: mainframe "selling" points -- Start up Costs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#15 A Private life?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#25 Still think the mainframe is going away soon: Think again. IBM mainframe computer sales are 4% of IBM's revenue; with software, services, and storage it's 25%
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#84 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#91 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#19 Where Does the Cloud Cover the Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#28 Reports: IBM may sell x86 server business to Lenovo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#35 Reports: IBM may sell x86 server business to Lenovo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#37 Where Does the Cloud Cover the Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#51 Reports: IBM may sell x86 server business to Lenovo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#57 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#61 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#70 How internet can evolve
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#73 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#74 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#7 SAS Deserting the MF?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#12 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#21 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#43 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#45 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#40 The Mainframe is "Alive and Kicking"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#60 Making mainframe technology hip again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#66 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#23 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#24 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#32 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#62 Mainframe vs Server - The Debate Continues
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#63 Mainframe vs Server - The Debate Continues
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#70 Internet Mainframe Forums Considered Harmful
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#53 spacewar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#56 spacewar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#50 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#70 50,000 x86 operating system on single mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#33 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#35 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#38 Making mainframe technology hip again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#61 Bet Cloud Computing to Win
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe" Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2013 18:20:33 -0500hancock4 writes:
tpc tpc-c benchmark ... top number is 8.5M tpmC (trans/min) and
$.55 per trans/min
http://www.tpc.org/tpcc/results/tpcc_perf_results.asp
tpc-c has been recently reworked since there are no cluster tpc-c benchmarks ... which until recently had a top number aroaund 32M tpmC
the GPU references possibly improving that by a factor of seven times.
it has been long, long time since there has been any TPC numbers for mainframe. there was webpage from a couple years ago that referenced some estimate for possible peak throughput of 2005 mainframe ... but it has disappeared. I had tried to run that forward ... but it had mainframe less than current tpc numbers (and possibly 10-100 times more expensive for trans/min).
for instance, announcement of EC12 (peak 75BIPS with 101processors) compared to z196 (peak 50BIPS with 80processors) says that can expect EC12 about 30% more DBMS throughput than z196 (even tho it has 50% more processor power).
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe" Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 26 Dec 2013 23:16:12 -0500Quadibloc <jsavard@ecn.ab.ca> writes:
At the time Alsop statements ... Gerstner had not yet been hired; IBM
had gone into the red, reorged itno the 13 "baby blues" and was on the
verge of breaking up the company ... which also was highly likely to
result in completing the demise of the mainframe. The board then hired
Gerstner to reverse the breakup and resurrect the company ...
misc. posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
the company was still in the red in 93 but got slightly out in 94. we
had left in 92 ... but were told folklore that corporate hdqtrs spent
much of 93 shifting expenses from 94 into 93 ... putting 93 further into
the red ... put allowed 94 numbers showing profit ... slightly
different explanation here:
http://articles.sun-sentinel.com/1994-10-21/business/9410200765_1_mainframe-ibm-net-income
In 1980, I was con'ed into doing channel extender for STL ... that was moving 300 people from the IMS group to off-site bldg. Part of that support was downloading mainframe channel program to remote channel emulator and running the (simulated) channel program remotely ... significantly cutting the latency and i/o overhead for the i/o. then vendor tried to get my support released ... but there was a group in pok that got that squashed. This group was playing with some serial fiber-optic stuff ... and they were afraid that if the channel extender support was in the market, it would make it harder to get their stuff released.
They finally get their support out a decade later in 1990 with es/9000
as escon ... it is already obsolete. note this article about end of
ACS/360 ... and discusses features of acs/360 showing up in es/9000
more than 20yrs later
https://people.computing.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html
in 1988, i was asked if i could help llnl standardize some serial stuff
they were working with ... this eventually morphs into the fibre channel
standard. Later, some pok channel engineers get involved with FCS and
define a heavyweight protocol for FCS that drastically reduce the native
i/o thruput ... this eventually ships as FICON
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon
es/9000 1990 w/6processors,
z900 Dec2000 16 processors, 2.5BIPS, 156MIPS/proc
z990 2003 32 processors, 9BIPS, 281MIPS/proc
z9 July2005 54 processors, 18BIPS, 333MIPS/proc
z10 Feb2008 64 processors, 30BIPS, 469MIPS/proc
z196 July2010 80 processors, 50BIPS, 625MIPS/proc
ec12 Aug2012 101 processors, 75BIPS, 743MIPS/proc
during the 90s, ibm mainframe shifts from bipolar to cmos
http://www.cbronline.com/news/ibm_numbers_bipolars_days_with_g5_cmos_mainframes
above mentions $6k/MIP for G5 ... or $6M/BIPS ... z196 at 50BIPS and $28M or $560,000/BIPS ... or around factor of twenty improvement ... compared to possibly a dollar or less per BIPS for e5-2600 blade.
For decades, RISC processors have had superscaler, out-of-order, branch prediction. speculative execution, etc ... and significant performance advantage over i86. however, the past several generations of i86 processors have gone to RISC cores with hardware layer that translates i86 instructions into RISC micro-ops ... mitigating the performance advantage of RISC processors.
note that much of the processor throughput increase from z10 to z196 is attributable to the introduction of risc-like out-of-order execution. Some amount of the processor improvement from z196 to ec12 is further additions of risc-like processor capability. However, the mainframes are still are at significant throughput disadvantage compared to RISC (and i86 with RISC cores).
trivia ... 370/195 had out-of-order execution ... but not speculative execution ... so conditional branches drained the pipeline ... peak throughput was 10MIPS ... but most codes ran at half that because of conditional branches. I got asked to help with effort to add "hyper-threading" 2nd i-stream (but never shipped) .... added 2nd psw, 2nd set of registers, etc ... to simulate two processor operation ... but kept same pipeline and execution units. It assumed a pair of i-streams ... each operating at 5mips ... would keep machine running at peak throughput (instructions in pipeline had one bit flag added indicating which i-stream they belonged to).
recent posts mentioning 370/195
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#58 Was MVS/SE designed to confound Amdahl?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#73 One reason for monocase was Re: Dualcase vs monocase. Was: Article for the boss
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#67 relative speeds, was What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#22 Query for Destination z article -- mainframes back to the future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#29 Delay between idea and implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#23 Old data storage or data base
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#93 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#17 Supercomputers face growing resilience problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#35 Some Things Never Die
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#31 DRAM is the new Bulk Core
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#33 DRAM is the new Bulk Core
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#8 OT? IBM licenses POWER architecture to other vendors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#53 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#51 50,000 x86 operating system on single mainframe
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revolution Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 27 Dec 2013 13:15:16 -0500greymausg <maus@mail.com> writes:
tracing html5, html, sgml, gml, script, ctss runoff, ctss ditto, etc history ... is now getting back to pre-ditto ... for an ieee html5 article including tracing history back 40-50yrs
ctss
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System
ctss typeset and runoff
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TYPSET_and_RUNOFF
other stuff
http://manpages.bsd.lv/history/CC-205.pdf
http://www.mt-archive.info/MT-1958-Yngve.pdf
http://www.dpbsmith.com/tj2.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk%3ARUNOFF
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossal_Typewriter
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe" Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 27 Dec 2013 16:31:34 -0500Quadibloc <jsavard@ecn.ab.ca> writes:
4300s sold into the same mid-range market as vax machine ... and in
similar numbers for orders with small numbers ... big difference for
4300 was the large corporate orders for multiple hundreds at a time
... sort of the leading edge of the distributed computing tsunami. Later
in the 80s, large PCs and workstations moving up into the mid-range took
over that market ... decade of vax numbers sliced & diced by year,
model, US/non-US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#0
something similar happened to 4300s ... they were expecting continued
explosion in sales for 4331/4341 follow-on ... the 4361s & 4381s ... but
by that time the mid-range market was already starting to shift to large
PCs and workstations. for a little drift, old email mentioning 4300
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#43xx
as in other posts in this thread ... the communication group stranglehold more & more isolating the mainframe datacenter had similar effect on the high-end 370s ... with data fleeing the datacenter to more distributed computing friendly platforms ... contributing significantly in drop-off in high-end 370 sales going into the early 90s and the company going into the red.
as previously mentioned ... this describes the high-end mainframes
moving from bi-polar to cmos in the 90s (but with much smaller market
and sales)
http://www.cbronline.com/news/ibm_numbers_bipolars_days_with_g5_cmos_mainframes
then in the last decade ... i86 chips move to risc cores ... largely eliminating difference in throughput between i86 chips and risc chips. Even the last two generations of mainframe cmos have introduced increasingly amount of features that have been part of risc for decades.
note that jim's early 80s studies details that by then ... availability
was largely shifting from hardware to software and environmental
characteristics. jim's '84 presentation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/grayft84.pdf
in ha/cmp in the late 80s and early 90s ...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
we were showing that N+1 ha/cmp cluster (with standard hardware) could
provide better "nines" availability than purely hardware fault-tolerate
system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available
in the early 90s ... I was asked to write a section for the corporate continuous availability strategy document ... however both rochester (as/400) and POK (high-end mainframe) complained that they couldn't meet the description ... and the section was pulled.
also, i've referenced this post with comment about ha/cmp cluster
scale-up (complimentary to ha/cmp availability) in ellison's conference
room early Jan1992
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
the mainframe DB2 people were complaining that if I was allowed to go
ahead, I would be a minimum of five yrs ahead of them. The problem was
IBM didn't have a non-mainframe cluster product ... so was working with
various RDBMS vendors that had somewhat common implementation for their
unix and vax/vms platforms (that included vax/cluster support) ... and
was doing an HA/CMP implementation with semantics similar to vax/cluster
to simplify the porting. some recent mentiong
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#86 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made 30 yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#87 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made 30 yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#44 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
and various old email on cluster scalup from the period
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
and was heavily involved in also working with national labs supporting
scientific and numerical intensive. as previously mentioned ... possibly
only hrs after the last email in above ... the effort was transferred
and we were told we couldn't work on anything with more than four
processors. then almost immediately the cluster scale-up was announced
as supercomputer for scientific and numerical intensive *ONLY* ... press
item from 17Feb1992
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1
and item later in the spring claiming that the interest in cluster stuff
caught them by *SURPRISE*
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters2
The old 4300 email include references having done benchmarks for national lab in 1979 and they were looking for large cluster compute farm of 4300s ... and then later in 1988 being asked to help LLNL standardize some high-speed serial stuff they had (so had long relation with them, going back quite awhile, prior to ha/cmp).
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Should New Limits Be Put on N.S.A. Surveillance? Date: 28 Dec, 2013 Blog: Facebook... also google+
Should New Limits Be Put on N.S.A. Surveillance?
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/27/opinion/should-new-limits-be-put-on-nsa-surveillance.html?_r=0
Remember reports from Sept where agency employees where monitoring love interests ... more recent was somebody was "shunned" trying to report everybody with ts/sci could access/share everything. The part about sysadmin may be misdirection, investigation into what walked out the door raised the possibility that it was everything ... They apparently have no way of telling
...
The oversharing problem article .. including "anonymity" ... so even
if there were logs about access ... they wouldn't show who.
http://arstechnica.com/information-technology/2013/12/the-national-security-agencys-oversharing-problem/
then there is financial manipulation: Report Suggests NSA Engaged In
Financial Manipulation, Changing Money In Bank Accounts
http://www.techdirt.com/articles/20131218/14533925607/intelligence-task-force-hints-nsa-manipulating-financial-systems-changing-amounts-bank-accounts.shtml
and
How NSA Spies Abused Their Powers to Snoop on Girlfriends, Lovers, and
First Dates
http://www.slate.com/blogs/future_tense/2013/09/27/loveint_how_nsa_spies_snooped_on_girlfriends_lovers_and_first_dates.html
NSA: Some used spying power to snoop on lovers
http://www.cnn.com/2013/09/27/politics/nsa-snooping/
in the spreading Success of Failure culture case
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
posts mentioning Success Of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
gov filed similar charges against the whistleblowers ... even tho
there was no release of classified information ... just reporting
major transgressions and failings to congress. some discussion about
agency taking retribution against those whistleblowers
http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/dec/11/whistleblowers-open-letter-after-snowden-revelations
posts mentioning whistleblowers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
problems were confounded by the head of the gov whistleblower
"protection" office
http://www.pogo.org/blog/2013/12/office-of-special-counsel-releases-report.html
note during the Success Of Failure period ... there was iarpa.gov BAA (ic-arda.org at the time) from somebody that said none of the stuff the agency had, did the job. On the last day we were asked to write a response ... since nobody else had. There were some meetings about how we could do what was needed (note we have no clearances) ... then nothing. Later we were told that higher ups had told the person that he had failed to sufficiently prove to them that the stuff they had, wouldn't do the job.. Some conjecture that they let him release the BAA on the assumption nobody would reply and that would shut him up (as the Success Of Failure reporting showed, there were lots of vested interest in protecting the status quo).
In the Success Of Failure in 2007, congress supposedly puts the agency on probation and not allowed to manage its own projects. But it may have been all for show ... just excuse to turn even more of intelligence over to for-profit companies. One scenario is congress gets 5percent kickbacks from companies (in the form of contributions and other things) ... something agencies aren't allowed to do.
congress has been documented making "insider trades" based on non-public information from briefings ... and congress specifically exempted themselves from "insider trading" fraud laws (its not illegal when done by member of congress). also intelligence for-profit companies (now account for 70% of intelligence budget) have been caught using classified information for corporate profit (would they be above using surveillance resources for profit)
ic-arda.org gone 404
https://web.archive.org/web/20050828171703/http://www.ic-arda.org/about_arda.htm
and now iarpa
http://www.iarpa.gov/whatis.html
we apparently were just collateral damage ... having no idea what was really going on.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Passage of Budget Bill Is NOT a Victory for the American People ... Only for the Military-Industrial Complex Date: 28 Dec, 2013 Blog: Google+re:
Passage of Budget Bill Is NOT a Victory for the American People ...
Only for the Military-Industrial Complex
http://www.zerohedge.com/contributed/2013-12-27/passage-budget-bill-not-victory-american-people-%E2%80%A6-only-military-industrial-co
posts mentioning MICC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
Given that the Authorities Oppose Everything the Founding Fathers
Fought For, Is This Still America?
http://www.washingtonsblog.com/2013/12/still-america-authorities-believe-founding-fathers-terrorists.html
Glenn Greenwald and Sibel Edmonds: Two Whistleblowing Heroes
http://www.washingtonsblog.com/2013/12/glenn-greenwald-versus-sibel-edmonds.html
posts mentioning whistleblowers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
Spinney's The Domestic Roots of Perpetual War
http://chuckspinney.blogspot.com/p/domestic-roots-of-perpetual-war.html
posts mentioning perpetual war
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: What Chase And Other Banks Won't Tell You About Selling Your Data Date: 28 Dec, 2013 Blog: Google+re:
What Chase And Other Banks Won't Tell You About Selling Your Data
http://www.forbes.com/sites/adamtanner/2013/10/17/what-chase-and-other-banks-wont-tell-you-about-selling-your-data/
We being tangentially involved in the cal. state data breach
legislation ... having been brought in to help wordsmith the
cal. state electronic signature act.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#signature
Several of the participants were heavily involved in privacy issues
and had done detailed, in-depth public surveys and the #1 issue was
"identity theft" ... primarily the form of fraudulent financial
transactions as result of various kinds of breaches (and #2 was
sharing of information that resulted in denial of service &/or
employment by gov. &/or businesses). Since there was little or
nothing being done about breaches, there was some hope that the
resulting publicity from the breach notifications might prompt
corrective action ... aka normally security measures are taken in
self-protection, however the institutions with the breaches weren't at
risk, it was their customers.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
The group was also in the process of doing a opt-in privacy sharing legislation (institutions can only share individual personal information if they have explicit authorization). About this time an (federal preemption) "opt-out" privacy sharing provision was added to GLBA (note that now GLBA is better known for repeal of Glass-Steagall, enabling too big to fail, at the time the rhetoric in congress was the main purpose of GLBA was "if you already had banking charter, you could keep it; however if you didn't already having banking charger, you couldn't get one" ... aka eliminate new entries coming in and competing with banks).
posts mentioning Glass-Steagall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall
posts mentioning too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
Opt-in required that they have explicit authorization to share your information ... where "opt-out" requires that they have a record of you objecting to your information being shared.
At an annual privacy conference in Wash DC in the middle of last decade, there was panel discussion with all the FTC commissioners. During the discussion somebody from the audience got up and asked them if they were ever going to do anything about (GLBA) privacy sharing. He said he was involved in call-center technology used by all financial institutions ... and he knew that the "opt-out" 1-800 operations never recorded any information from calls (no official record that somebody objected/opt'ing-out of personal information sharing). The FTC commissioners just ignored the question.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Would Target cybersecurity breach occur with a digital ID system? Date: 28 Dec, 2013 Blog: Google+re:
Would Target cybersecurity breach occur with a digital ID system?
NSTIC Seeks to Enhance Trust, Transparency, Revenue Opportunities for
E-Business
http://deloitte.wsj.com/cio/2013/08/21/nstic-seeks-to-enhance-trust-transparency-revenue-opportunities-for-e-business/
In x9.59 financial standard we went a long way to differentiate
between identification and authentication
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959
long ago and far away, we had been brought in as consultant to small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on their server, they had also invented this technology they called "SSL" they wanted to use, the result is now frequently called "electronic commerce"
somewhat as a result, in the mid-90s we were invited to participate in the X9A10 financial working group which had been given the requirement to preserve the integrity of the financial infrastructure for all retail payments. Resulting X9.59 standard demonstrated only needing very strong authentication for integrity
part of x9.59 financial transaction standard was to tweak the current paradigm so that data from previous transactions isn't useful to crooks (it doesn't do anything about data breaches, it just eliminates the risk & threat from majority of financial related data breaches, also eliminates major motivation for crooks doing data breaches). A couple characterization of the current paradigm (crooks can use information from previous transactions to perform fraudulent financial transactions ... a form of replay attack):
dual-use ... since information from previous transactions can be used for fraudulent transactions, that information has to be kept totally confidential and never divulged. at the same time the same information is required in dozens of business processes at millions of locations around the world
security proportional to risk ... the value of the transaction information to the merchants is the profit on the transactions, which can be a couple dollars (and a couple cents for the transaction processor) ... the value of the information to the crooks is the account balance and/or credit limit ... as a result the crooks can afford to outspend the defenders by a factor of 100 times.
aka since x9.59 integrity was achieved with strong authentication it
was no longer necessary to hide the information ... which also
eliminated the necessity to hide the information during transmission
(with SSL).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#x959
we were tangentially involved in the cal. state data breach
legislation ... having been brought in to help wordsmith the
cal. state electronic signature act.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#signature
A lot of the participants were heavily involved in privacy issues and
had done detailed, in-depth public surveys. The #1 issue was identity
theft, primarily of the form of fraudulent financial transactions as
the result of breaches and there was little or nothing being done
about the breaches. An issue is normally an entity/institution takes
security measures to protect themselves, In the case of the breaches,
the institution wasn't at risk ... it was their customers. It was
hoped that the publicity from the breach notifications would prompt
breach countermeasures. Note in the years since the cal. state breach
notification act there have been numerous federal (state preemption)
acts introduced ... about evenly divided between those similar to the
cal. act and those that would effectively eliminate any requirement
for notification
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
As an aside, much of the issue taking so long to get X9.59 passed as
the standard ... was heavy effort by the identification digital
certificate forces for their digital certificates be mandated for all
financial transactions (they were also active in the electronic
signature legislation trying to mandate identification digital
certificates for electronic signature).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#sslcert
One of the side issues that they didn't understand (or care about) was
that the appending of identification digital certificate to every
payment transaction represented a factor of 100 times payload bloat
(for something that didn't provide any added value ... "superfluous"
and "redundant")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#bloat
Note that the current payment infrastructure is the "low hanging"
fruit for crooks. Financial institutions pro-rate the "interchange
fees" charged merchants based on related fraud ... and make a hefty
profit ... accounting for half bottom line for some institutions. If
that is eliminated, the next low-hanging fruit is crooks opening new
accounts using "synthetic" identification (no real associated
person). The issue with opening new accounts is there is no other
organizations to charge it off to.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#fraud
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: "Death of the mainframe" Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 28 Dec 2013 18:07:21 -0500hancock4 writes:
totally unrelated we did lots of work with the Siemens Infineon chip
spinoff on the AADS chip strawman ... even doing walk-through of their
(then brand new) security chip fab in dresden
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#aads
and then tried to do some stuff with the Siemens medical services group on DBMS and medical record technology.
... however, in the 90s, there was major effort by the remaining core of mainframe use ... the financial industry ... to move to large numbers of "killer micros". The issue was that online transactions had been added over the years ... but were really just queueing up transactions to be settled in the traditional batch system ... that ran overnight.
the problem was globalization was both increasing the amount of work to be done overnight as well as shortening the length of the overnight batch window. The rewrites were to move to straight through processing using large numbers of parallel processing. However, the parallelization libraries they were using introduced a factor of 100 times overhead (compared to the mainframe cobol batch) ... totally swamping the throughput increases from combination of straight through processing and large numbers of parallel processing.
They did toy demos and then failed to do the speeds&feeds numbers about scale-up ... and even with warnings about what was going to happen, several went to pilot deployments before the magnitude of the problem was realized/appreciated. There was significant backlash from the failed efforts regarding attempts to make further moves off the mainframe.
in the later part of the last decade we took some technology to financial industry standards groups ... that approached the parallelization and scale-up (for straight through processing) from a totally different direction. Rather than lots of ROI application code calling parallelization libraries ... this leveraged the significant work that had been done on parallizing by the major RDBMS. The implementation took high-level design specification and decomposed it into fine-grain SQL statements that could be efficiently parallelized. Initially the technology saw high acceptance ... but then hit a brick wall ... the comments that eventually came back was that there was still large number of executives that carried significant scars from the failures in the 90s ... and it would have to wait for a whole new generation before it could be tried again.
Earlier in this thread, I made references to early Jan1992 meeting in
Ellison's conference room about having 128-way by ye1992
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
and then it getting it co-opted for scientific and numerical intensive *ONLY* and being told we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors (at which point we decide to leave).
Past reference to announcements about parallel processing advances
("From the annals of release no software before its time"):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#43 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#47 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#59 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
recent posts mentioning straight through processing work to replace
the overnight batch window
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#42 COBOL will outlive us all
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#84 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#57 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#64 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#6 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#50 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#42 The Mainframe is "Alive and Kicking"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#49 Internet Mainframe Forums Considered Harmful
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#35 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Academics Who Defend Wall St. Reap Reward Date: 28 Dec, 2013 Blog: Google+re:
Academics Who Defend Wall St. Reap Reward
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/12/28/business/academics-who-defend-wall-st-reap-reward.html
other recent:
Noam Chomsky: We're no longer a functioning democracy, we're really a
plutocracy
http://www.rawstory.com/rs/2013/12/27/noam-chomsky-were-no-longer-a-functioning-democracy-were-really-a-plutocracy/
World Bank a security risk to the world order? | Lars Schall
http://www.larsschall.com/2013/05/08/governance-issues-at-the-world-bank-a-security-risk-to-the-world-order/
some older references:
The Scholars Who Shill for Wall Street; Academics get paid by
financial firms to testify against Dodd-Frank regulations. What's
wrong with this picture?
http://www.thenation.com/article/176809/scholars-who-shill-wall-street
"Inside Job" references how leading economists were captured similar
to the capture of the regulatory agencies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inside_Job_(2010_film)
"Economists and the Powerful: Convenient Theories, Distorted Facts,
Ample Rewards" goes into the capture of economists in more detail
https://www.amazon.com/Economists-Powerful-Convenient-Distorted-Economics-ebook/dp/B01B4X4KOS/
loc72-74:
"Only through having been caught so blatantly with their noses in the
troughs (e.g. the 2011 Academy Award -- winning documentary Inside
Job) has the American Economic Association finally been forced to
adopt an ethical code, and that code is weak and incomplete compared
with other disciplines."
... another quote loc957-62:
The AEA was pushed into action by a damning research report into the
systematic concealment of conflicts of interest by top financial
economists and by a letter from three hundred economists who urged the
association to come up with a code of ethics. Epstein and
Carrick-Hagenbarth (2010) have shown that many highly influential
financial economists in the US hold roles in the private financial
sector, from serving on boards to owning the respective
companies. Many of these have written on financial regulation in the
media or in scholarly papers. Very rarely have they disclosed their
affiliations to the financial industry in their writing or in their
testimony in front of Congress, thus concealing a potential conflict
of interest.
... snip ...
other reference:
Glenn Hubbard, Leading Academic and Mitt Romney Advisor, Took 1200 an
Hour to Be Countrywide's Expert Witness (gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20140504010711/http://www.rollingstone.com/politics/blogs/taibblog/glenn-hubbard-leading-academic-and-mitt-romney-advisor-took-1200-an-hour-to-be-countrywides-expert-witness-20121220?print=true
recent posts about academics/economists being "captured" by wallstreet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#20 The Big Fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#57 How to Cut Megabanks Down to Size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#73 More Whistleblower Leaks on Foreclosure Settlement Show Both Suppression of Evidence and Gross Incompetence
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#44 Adair Turner: A New Debt-Free Money Advocate
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#89 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#29 The agency problem and how to create a criminogenic environment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#1 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#48 Ex-Wall Street chieftains living large in post-meltdown world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#52 Lehman Brothers collapse: was capitalism to blame?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#76 The Scholars Who Shill for Wall Street
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: One day, a computer will fit on a desk (1974) - YouTube Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 29 Dec 2013 06:50:13 -0800edgould1948@COMCAST.NET (Ed Gould) writes:
enuf of 1130 emulation to run apl\1130 (SCAMP)
product out in 1978 was enuf of 360 emulation (on PALM) to run apl\360
note that (at least low-end and mid-range) 360s & 370s were emulation on some native microprocessor ... so 5100 wasn't all that different.
PASC also did the apl microcode assist for 370/145 ... apl with microcode assist on 145 ran almost as fast as on 370/168.
some person also helped with the vm370 microcode assist for 138 & 148.
Spring 1975, I got sucked into helping endicott do ecps for 138/148
(virgil/tully) ... it was sort of part of the mad rush to get out 370
products after the dearth during the FS period (which is also credited
with giving clone processors a market foothold)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
Endicott had 6kbyte space for microcode and was to select the 6kbyte of
highest used vm370 kernel pathlength. Typical 360/370 microcode
emulation ran an avg. of 10 native instructions per 360/370 instruction.
runs that measured elapsed time & frequency of kernel instruction
sequences ... sorted by percent of total kernel time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21
kernel 370->native instructioins translated almost byte-for-byte ... so 6kbytes of highest used kernel instructions accounted for 79+ percent of total kernel time ... moved to microcode gained approx. 72% of kernel time.
then they sucked me into spending a year off&on running around the world laying out 138/148 to the product administrators and business forecasters in the different countries ... going over details about how they stacked up against the competition.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: NSA surveillance played little role in foiling terror plots, experts say Date: 29 Dec, 2013 Blog: FacebookNSA surveillance played little role in foiling terror plots, experts say
In the Success Of Failure in 2007, congress supposedly put the agency on probation and not allowed to manage its own projects. But it may have been all for show ... just excuse to turn even more of intelligence to for-profit companies. One scenario is congress gets 5percent kickbacks from companies (in the form of contributions and other things) ... something agencies aren't allowed to do.
congress has been documented making "insider trades" based on non-public information from briefings ... and congress specifically exempted themselves from "insider trading" fraud laws (its not illegal when done by member of congress). also intelligence for-profit companies (now account for 70% of intelligence budget) have been caught using classified information for corporate profit (would they be above using surveillance resources for profit)
One theme is that 9/11 was largely funded by both saudi arabia royal family and gov. officials ... spotlight on that aspect may be reason for major retrenchment
Murdoch's NY Post Backs Michael Moore's Bush-Saudi 9/11 Claims
http://news.firedoglake.com/2013/12/16/murdochs-ny-post-backs-michael-moores-bush-saudi-911-claims/
Inside the Saudi 9/11 coverup
http://nypost.com/2013/12/15/inside-the-saudi-911-coverup/
this has an account of sat. photo recon analyst raising alarm that
Iraq was marshaling forces to invade Kuwait and white house
discrediting the analyst and saying Saddam would do no such
thing. However, when he raised the alarm that Iraq was marshaling
forces for invasion of Saudi Arabia that started to see serious
response.
https://www.amazon.com/Long-Strange-Journey-Intelligence-ebook/dp/B004NNV5H2
this is somebody that kept presenting evidence that Iraq invasion
justification was fabricated ... and they treated her really badly
https://www.amazon.com/Classified-Woman-The-Sibel-Edmonds-Story-ebook/dp/B007XY8INW/
the iraq scenario then would serve at least two possible purposes ... 1) spinney's "perpetual war" ... an organized mechanized military that we could throw our mechanized military against and 2) obfuscation and misdirection away from saudis
Chuck's "perpetual war"
http://chuckspinney.blogspot.com/p/domestic-roots-of-perpetual-war.html
posts mentioning perpetual war
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
9/11 Families 'Ecstatic' They Can Finally Sue Saudi Arabia
http://news.yahoo.com/9-11-families-39-ecstatic-39-finally-sue-222121660--abc-news-topstories.html
from above:
An attempt to Saudi Arabia in 2002 was blocked by a federal court
ruling that said the kingdom had sovereign immunity. That ruling was
reversed Thursday by a three-judge federal panel.
... snip ...
Saudi involvement in 9/11 could be a factor in making agency look worse than it was. Cutting back such involvement resulting in fewer organized attacks could be a factor in the agency appearing to look better than it is (and 70% of intelligence budget and over half the people are now for-profit companies)
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked atech revolutio Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 29 Dec 2013 12:43:03 -0500"Charlie Gibbs" <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> writes:
recent thread mentioning cms script (ctss runoff, gml, sgml, html, etc)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#37 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#16 z/OS is antique WAS: Aging Sysprogs = Aging Farmers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#21 CTSS DITTO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#74 The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revolution
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: Early !BM multiprocessors (renamed from Curiosity: TCB mapping macro name - why IKJTCB?) Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 29 Dec 2013 18:15:22 -0800tony@HARMINC.NET (Tony Harminc) writes:
370 princ-of-ops, SIGP instruction for processor signaling ... pg97-101
http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pdf/ibm/370/princOps/GA22-7000-4_370_Principles_Of_Operation_Sep75.pdf
CPU Signaling and Response
The CPU-signaling-and-response facility provides for communication among
CPUs by means of the SIGNAL PROCESSOR instruction. It provides for
transmitting and receiving the signal, decoding a set of assigned order
codes, performing the specified operation, and responding to the
signaling CPU.
If a CPU has the CPU-signaling-and-recsponse facility installed, it can
address the SIGNAL PROCESSOR instruction to itself. All orders are
executed as defined.
code order
---- ------------
00 Invalid and Unassigned
01 Sense
02 External Call
03 Emergency Signal
04 Start
05 Stop
06 Restart
07 Initial Program Reset
08 Program Reset
09 Stop and Store Status
0A Initial Microprogram Load
0B Initial CPU Reset
0C CPU Reset
00-FF Invalid and Unassigned
... snip ...
360/65 functional characteristics multiprocessor pg32-34
http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pdf/ibm/360/functional_characteristics/A22-6884-3_360-65_funcChar.pdf
multiprocessor write direct modified for: System Reset, External Start, Log I/O Interruprs, System call ....
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Complexity and Battle Management Date: 29 Dec, 2013 Blog: FacebookComplexity and Battle Management
There is information overload ... Boyd would have few choice words about reviewing several major war games; he characterized Admirals & Generals playing golf all year while their staff practiced ... during the actual games, the decision makers had no "finger feel" for what was happening.
I was blamed for online computer conferencing on the internal network in the late 70s and early 80s (larger than arpanet/internet until possible late '85 or early '86). One of the extensive discussions was about it enabling direct connectivity between people, threatening/bypassing traditional hierarchical management (command&control) structure. This was complimentary to Boyd's refrain about pushing decisions as low as possible (and part of organic design for command & control).
.. other threat to those at the top of hierarchies: Putting customers
first: Hierarchies, scarcity, and the illusion of control; Summary:
The Chief Scientist of salesforce.com, JP Rangaswami, discusses new
styles of management on the latest episode of CxOTalk.
http://www.zdnet.com/putting-customers-first-hierarchies-scarcity-and-the-illusion-of-control-7000024658/
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The Mother of All Demos: The 1968 presentation that sparked a tech revolution Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 30 Dec 2013 10:54:17 -0500hancock4 writes:
problem was on 709 tape-to-tape ibsys, student fortran jobs were running a second or less. initial move to 360/67 ... running as 360/65 with os/360 increased that to a minute or more. Even cutting that in half with HASP still was much longer than on 709 (over 30secs). It wasn't really until installing WATFOR that student fortran job throughput beat 709
In release 15/16 time-frame, I added 2741&tty terminal support to HASP along with editor that supported cp67/cms syntax (complete rewrite since programming/runtime environment totally different) for form of CRJE.
misc past posts mentioning HASP, JES2, &/or JES2 networking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#hasp
the ibm-main post also has some discussion of CICS ... past
posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#cics
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: DCF on OS/2 Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 31 Dec 2013 06:01:32 -0800dboyes@SINENOMINE.NET (David Boyes) writes:
recent ref
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#21
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#74
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: Viewing Where the Internet Goes Date: 31 Dec, 2013 Blog: FacebookViewing Where the Internet Goes
co-worker from the science center responsible for the internal network
... which was larger than arpanet/internet from just about the
beginning until sometime late '85 or early '86
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edson_Hendricks
operational precursor to modern internet:
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/
we had been working with NSF and various players and were suppose to get $20M to tie together the NSF supercomputer centers ... then congress cut the funding and some other things happened ... eventually they released an RFP .... however internal politics prevented us from bidding ... director of NSF tried to help and wrote a letter to the company (copying the CEO) ... but that just made the internal politics worse (as did comment about what we already had running was at least 5yrs ahead of all RFP responses)
old email from the period
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@garlic.com Subject: We're About to Lose Net Neutrality -- And the Internet as We Know It Date: 31 Dec, 2013 Blog: FacebookWe're About to Lose Net Neutrality -- And the Internet as We Know It
for the fun of it (gone 404 but lives on at wayback machine):
https://web.archive.org/web/20050418032606/http://www.be.daemonnews.org/199909/usenix-kirk.html
from above:
He said (paraphrased) that every DARPA meeting ended up the same, with
the Military coming in and giving CSRG (at UCB, the group that worked
on BSD) a stern warning that they were to work on the Operating
System, and that BBN will work on the networking. Every time, Bob
Fabry, then the adviser of CSRG, would "Yes: them to death" and they'd
go off and just continue the way they were going. Much to the
frustration of the DARPA advisery board.
... snip ...
lots of vendors picked up and used BSD TCP/IP stack from tahoe or reno 4.3 ... because it was freely available. This was back in the days when lots of implementations were proprietary.
note in the late 80s, FEDs mandated elimination of TCP/IP and internet
and move to OSI (GOSIP) ... at '88 interop ... there were lots of OSI
in various booths. However, one of the issues was that OSI was
traditional telco copper wire paradigm ... predating internetworking.
posts mentioning interop '88
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#interop88
One of the reasons that the internal network was larger than the arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime late '85 or early '86 ... is that the internal network effectively had form of gateway in every node ... something that arpanet/internet didn't get until the great cut-over to internetworking on 1jan183.
I was involved in taking HSP (high-speed protocol) to x3s3.3 (ISO
chartered US standards body for osi level 3/4 standardization) in the
late 80s. At the time ISO had requirement that only protocols that
conformed to the OSI model could be standardized. HSP was rejected
because it violated OSI model:
1) supported internetworking protocol, non-existent layer between OSI
3 & 4
2) went directly from transport to LAN/MAC ... bypassing level 3/4
interface
3) it went directly to LAN/MAC ... doesn't exist in OSI, sits
approx. in middle of layer 3
past posts mentioning xtp/hsp
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp
There was comparison of ISO & IETF (internet standards) ... IETF requires at least two interoperapable implementations to progress in standards process; ISO doesn't even require a standard to be implementable.
... tcp/ip was the technology basis for the modern internet, nsfnet
backbone was the operational basis for the modern internet and CIX was
the business basis for the modern internet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commercial_Internet_eXchange
part of the spread of bsd tcp/ip protocol stack was it was part of the
proprietary software versus open source software ... and the days of
the UNIX wars
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unix_wars
with x-over to comment on prior post/article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#89
... one of the reasons for director NSF reference to what we had was
at least 5yrs ahead of all RFP responses was we had done rate-based
pacing ... writeup I did for HSP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/xtprate.html
trivia ... part of the xtp/hsp work was for naval surface warfare ... for safenet2 ... infrastructure for radar, sensors, fire-control, etc
in any case, rate-based pacing is slowly percolating into various ietf standards
past posts mentioning nsfnet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet
past posts mentioning internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: Learning Rexx Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 31 Dec 2013 12:30:00 -0800scott_j_ford@YAHOO.COM (Scott Ford) writes:
one of the presentations was about precursor to pipelines "the toy
program" ... old post referencing John Hartmann's b'day party
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#4a
fouund here:
http://vm.marist.edu/~piper/party/jph-01.html
wiki page
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hartmann_pipeline
page at marist
http://vm.marist.edu/~pipeline/
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Cylinder buffer Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Tue, 31 Dec 2013 17:20:30 -0500Bakul Shah <usenet@bitblocks.com> writes:
I had looked at concurrent transfer from all heads at cylinder position, late 70s (a decade earlier) ... but those data paths wouldn't handle the traffic.
in the 60s ... there were fixed head drums (head/track) ... including the 2303 and 2301 ... the 2301 was nearly same as 2303 ... but would transfer four heads in parallel, had four times the transfer rate, 1/4 the number of logical tracks and each track was four times larger.
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