From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Locking our own orientation Date: 24 Feb 2017 Blog: Slightly East of NewLocking our own orientation
Boyd would advocate observing from all possible facets as
countermeasure to orientation bias.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
I did cyber dynamic adaptive resource management as undergraduate in
the 60s. Part of that was instrumenting/measuring every possible
resource and a philosophy of "scheduling to the bottleneck". The state
of the art at the time (and for decades afterwards) was decide ahead
of time what the bottleneck resource was ... and at best, measuring
the single resource and making decisions based on those (limited)
measurements. Later I would make claims that the relative system
throughput of certain computer resources had decline by order of
magnitude over a little more than a decade. The real issue was certain
computer resources had gotten 50 times faster in the period, while
other resources only got three times faster (which radically shifted
the scheduling to the bottleneck) .... while most others hardly even
noticed it was happening.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare
I've frequently claimed because of my approach to cyber as undergraduate in the 60s ... I was extremely predisposed to feel strong affinity to Boyd when I met him in the 80s (and sponsored his briefings at IBM).
Boyd would draw a circle for the domain and viewing from every possible facet from outside the circle. There used to be talk about some oldtime executives regarding management by wandering about, they use to wander around the manufacturing floor 2nd shift talking to people as well as spend a lot of time talking to customers. This was before MBAs and management by myopic focus on numbers. There was a period where an accountant was running a manufacturing division (into the ground) and they brought back one of the old time executives who identified various manufacturing process problems by wandering around.
Early 80s, Boyd would include in briefings that former military officers were starting to contiminate US corporate culture with their rigid, top-down command and control. However, at the time time articles were starting to appear that MBAs were starting to destroy US corporations with their myopic focus on quarterly numbers.
Rhetoric on floor of congress, was that Sarbanes-Oxley would prevent future ENRONs and guarantee executives and auditors did jailtime. After SOX goes into effect there is large EU conference of CEOs and exchange presidents about SOX audits was leaking into Europe for companies that did business with Europe. I gave a talk on audits needing independent verification, I could still defeat SOX audit by making sure that all the computer generated reports were consistant. As an aside, SOX required SEC to do something. Possibly even GAO didn't believe SEC was doing anything and was doing GAO reports of public company fraudulent financial filings, even showing increase after SOX goes into effect (and nobody doing jailtime). There was joke at the time that SOX was primarily a full employment gift to the audit industry (after one going out of business in the wake of ENRON). Also the only possibly benefit of SOX was provision for whistleblowers ... TIPs turn up 13 times more fraud than audits.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#enron
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#financial.reporting.fraud.fraud
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
Incestuous Amplification somewhat overlaps issue of studying something from the inside or outside, but analogy can be inbreeding with recessive (bad) mutations ... need a larger gene pool. Issue is how large does the gene pool have to be w/o necessarily raising the internal/external issues ... where "ideas" (and lots of viewpoints from all possible facets) are used in place of "gene pool".
The other scenario is evolution specialized adapting to economic niche ... if "over" specialized, then can be disastrous when the environment changes (an analogy might be the military always fighting the last war).
This also gets into Kahneman "Thinking Fast and Slow" ... things that
are done quickly with little or no reflection and contemplation verses
activities require a lot more thought, some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#147 The Myth of Work-Life Balance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#44 What's the most interesting thing you do in your non-work life?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#59 Original Thinking Is Hard, Where Good Ideas Come From
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#18 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#65 Thousands Of IBM Employees Got A Nasty Surprise Yesterday: Here's The Email They Saw
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#87 Naked emperors, holy cows and Libor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#4 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#74 What voters are really choosing in November
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#64 Guest Post: Beakley on Boyd, Aerial Combat and the OODA-Loop
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#52 The agency problem and how to create a criminogenic environment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#15 IBM Shrinks - Analysts Hate It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#29 Royal Pardon for credit unions
other posts ref. kahneman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#57 speculation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#16 Psychology Of Fraud: Why Good People Do Bad Things
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#92 Naked emperors, holy cows and Libor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#53 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#24 Destruction of the Middle Class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#26 Milton Friedman's Cherished Theory Is Laid to Rest
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#66 Deep learning algorithm does as well as dermatologists in identifying skin cancer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#92 Trump's Rollback of the Neoliberal Market State
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#93 The Undoing Project: A Friendship That Changed Our Minds Kindle Edition
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#97 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#11 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#17 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#24 Disorder
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#26 Virtualization's Past Helps Explain Its Current Importance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#43 when to get out???
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: FCC puts the brakes on ISP privacy rules it just passed in October Date: 24 Feb 2017 Blog: FacebookFCC puts the brakes on ISP privacy rules it just passed in October
We were brought in to help wordsmith some Cal. state legislation. They did electronic signature act, data breach notification act and were working on "opt-in" personal information sharing act (required explicit approval to share your personal information) when an (federal pre-emption) "opt-out" sharing was added to GLBA (institutions could share your information unless it had record of you objecting). At 2004 annual national privacy conference in Wash. DC. that had panel with the FTC commissioners. Somebody in the audience asked them if they were going to do anything about GLBA "opt-out". He said that he worked for major call-center technology used by all the large financial institutions. He claimed that they didn't supply call-center "opt-out" operators with any mechanism for recording information (i.e. there were never be a record of people objecting to sharing personal information).
They had done detailed public privacy studies and #1 issue was fraudulent financial transactions ... mostly as a result of breaches ... there was little or nothing being done about breaches. The issue is normally institutions take security measures in self-protection, however in the case of breaches, the institutions weren't at risk, it was the public. It was hoped that publicity from the breach notification might motivate breach countermeasures.
electronic signature
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#signature
data breach notification
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
past opt-in/opt-out posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006e.html#44 Does the Data Protection Act of 2005 Make Sense
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#72 Securing financial transactions a high priority for 2007
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007s.html#55 Translation of IBM Basic Assembler to C?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#6 Translation of IBM Basic Assembler to C?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#8 Hannaford case exposes holes in law, some say
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#66 With all the highly publicised data breeches and losses, are we all wasting our time?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#70 Why SSNs Are Not Appropriate for Authentication and when, where and why should you offer/use it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#71 TJ Maxx - why are they still in business?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#73 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#47 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#60 OCR scans of old documents
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#5 Internal fraud isn't new, but it's news
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#17 U.K. lags in information security management practices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#82 Oldest Instruction Set still in daily use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#94 Oldest Instruction Set still in daily use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#95 Oldest Instruction Set still in daily use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#73 Our Pecora Moment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#74 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#75 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#82 Costs Of Data Breaches Much Higher In U.S. Than In Other Countries, Study Says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#62 blasts from the past -- old predictions come true
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#63 Wal-Mart to support smartcard payments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#77 Favourite computer history books?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#83 The Evolution of the Extended Enterprise: Security Stategies for Forward Thinking Organizations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#7 Seeking *Specific* Implementation of Star Trek Game
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#18 Personal use z/OS machines was Re: Multiprise 3k for personal Use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#56 About that "Mighty Fortress"... What's it look like?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#52 Who are these people who think cybersecurity experts are crying wolf?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#53 The Credit Card Criminals Are Getting Crafty
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#76 e-commerce smackdown as PCI standards revised
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#17 What banking is. (Essential for predicting the end of finance as we know it.)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#23 They always think we don't understand
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#29 The Mobile Device Is Becoming Humankind's Primary Tool
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#45 Productivity And Bubbles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#41 On Protectionism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#55 Are Americans serious about dealing with money laundering and the drug cartels?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#9 Breaches and Consumer Backlash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#55 CISO's Guide to Breach Notification
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#45 Happy 100th Birthday, IBM!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#68 Why the US needs a data privacy law -- and why it might finally get one
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#2 House panel approves data breach notification bill
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#53 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#71 Don't Dump the Volcker Rule Just Because It's Not Perfect
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#52 Civilization, doomed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#28 The men who crashed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#131 The Times E-Mails Millions by Mistake to Say Subscriptions Were Canceled
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#35 Israel vows to hit back after credit cards hacked
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#30 US Senate proposes national data breach notification act
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#35 US Senate proposes national data breach notification act
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#86 Should the IBM approach be given a chance to fix the health care system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#47 Yahoo Password Breach: 7 Lessons Learned - Security - Attacks/breaches - Informationweek
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#56 Failing Gracefully
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#14 Gilmore response to NSA mathematician's "make rules for NSA" appeal
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#67 What Chase And Other Banks Won't Tell You About Selling Your Data
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#78 What Chase And Other Banks Won't Tell You About Selling Your Data
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#70 Obama Administration Launches Plan To Make An "Internet ID" A Reality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#94 Privacy vs. freedom of the press--Google court ruling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#15 Is it time for a revolution to replace TLS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#19 350 DBAs stare blankly when reminded super-users can pinch data
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#21 Thomas Piketty Is Right About the Past and Wrong About the Future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#76 Did these tech and telecom companies assess the risk and return with respect to Anti-Money Laundering challenges?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#171 European data law: UK.gov TRASHES 'unambiguous consent' plans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#17 Cromnibus cartoon
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#54 How do we take political considerations into account in the OODA-Loop?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#55 HealthCare.gov in Cahoots with Dozens of Tracking Websites
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#45 rationality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#95 book "1984"--modern privacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#70 Security Design: Stop Trying to Fix the User
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#75 IBM Buying Promontory Clinches It: Regtech Is Real
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#76 GLBA & Glass-Steagall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#94 Trump to sign cyber security order
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: ISPF (was Fujitsu Mainframe Vs IBM mainframe) Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 25 Feb 2017 09:43:58 -0800Jesse1.Robinson@SCE.COM (Jesse 1 Robinson) writes:
Pricing would do three forecats (high, medium, low) ... where number customer forecasted times price would have to cover development and support.
JES2 NJI couldn't come up with forecast that met requirement. Company then adjusted that doing the financials for group would be satisfactory. They made a combined announcement of JES2 NJI and VM370 RSCS of $600/month that met the requirements (i.e. RSCS could have been announced at $30/month and met the requirement whereas there was no price for JES2 NJI that met the requirement).
Later they adjusted it so products just had to be in the same group/organization. They combined ISPF and VM370 performance products in the same product group. They cut the VM370 performance products to 2-3 people while the ISPF had *very* large group ... in effect, revenue from VM370 performance products underwriting ISPF.
past posts mentioning ISPF:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#17 Where's all the VMers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#33 XEDIT on MVS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002m.html#52 Microsoft's innovations [was:the rtf format]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003k.html#0 VSPC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003o.html#42 misc. dmksnt
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004c.html#26 Moribund TSO/E
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004g.html#43 Sequence Numbbers in Location 73-80
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005j.html#7 TSO replacement?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005j.html#8 TSO replacement?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005q.html#15 HASP/ASP JES/JES2/JES3
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005t.html#40 FULIST
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#50 TSO and more was: PDP-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#21 Source maintenance was Re: SEQUENCE NUMBERS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#13 What part of z/OS is the OS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006s.html#3 THE on USS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#4 ISPF Limitations (was: Need for small machines ... )
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#5 Call for XEDIT freaks, submit ISPF requirements
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#14 ISPF not productive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#50 IBM to the PCM market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#8 whiny question: Why won't z/OS support the HMC 3270 emulator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#69 ServerPac Installs and dataset allocations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#40 Why isn't OMVS command integrated with ISPF?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#43 handling the SPAM on this group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#62 CHROME and WEB apps on Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#59 ISPF Counter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#60 ISPF Counter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009s.html#46 DEC-10 SOS Editor Intra-Line Editing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#6 Call for XEDIT freaks, submit ISPF requirements
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#7 Call for XEDIT freaks, submit ISPF requirements
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#50 Call for XEDIT freaks, submit ISPF requirements
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#51 Call for XEDIT freaks, submit ISPF requirements
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#54 Unix systems and Serialization mechanism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#84 Set numbers off permanently
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#33 Why are TSO IDs limited to 7 characters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#85 REXX "address" environments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#30 Philosophy: curiousity question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#32 CMS Sort Descending?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#19 When is performance really an issue? Was: Running an ISPF applicction from one pds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#20 When is performance really an issue? Was: Running an ISPF applicction from one pds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#42 CMS load module format
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#21 The "IBM Displays" Memory Lane (Was: TSO SCREENSIZE)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#84 Is there an SPF setting to turn CAPS ON like keyboard key?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#106 SPF in 1978
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#53 Has anyone successfully migrated off mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#85 The PC industry is heading for collapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#19 Writing article on telework/telecommuting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#20 Writing article on telework/telecommuting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#63 Typeface (font) and city identity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#53 Image if someone built a general-menu-system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#33 Using NOTE and POINT simulation macros on CMS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#64 Should you support or abandon the 3270 as a User Interface?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#84 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#36 The Subroutine Call
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#27 Unbuffered glass TTYs?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#44 Resistance to Java
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#89 Real Programmers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#103 TSO Test does not support 65-bit debugging?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#5 "F[R]eebie" software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#25 another question about TSO edit command
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#48 IBM 'major announcement' points to deal on chip manufacturing
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 26 Feb 2017 08:52:40 -0800hancock4 writes:
vmshare archives has discussion about NTP support for vm370
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare
sometimes(?) "404" ... but also at wayback machine
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/
trivia: person at delaware was earlier at Univ of Michigan and worked on
MTS for 360/67, and worked on PDP8 as "data concentrator" as terminal
controller ... which was latere replaced with pdp11 in the middle 70s.
https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/gallery/gallery7.html
https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/gallery/gallery8.html
later responsible for NTP protocol
5905 PS
Network Time Protocol Version 4: Protocol and Algorithms
Specification, Burbank J., Kasch W., Martin J., Mills D., 2010/06/21
(110pp) (.txt=241096) (Updated by 7822) (Obsoletes 1305, 4330) (See
Also 5906) (Refs 768, 791, 793, 1305, 1321, 1345, 4330) (Ref'ed By
5907, 5908, 5944, 5981, 6051, 6098, 6105, 6222, 6272, 6284, 6302,
6374, 6407, 6450, 6622, 6726, 6733, 6754, 6765, 6776, 6787, 6797,
6812, 6817, 6843, 6962, 6988, 7011, 7084, 7094, 7115, 7162, 7164,
7182, 7212, 7231, 7234, 7244, 7272, 7273, 7293, 7325, 7384, 7574,
7576, 7602, 7656, 7758, 7821, 7822, 7826, 7851, 8039)
1305 -
Network Time Protocol (v3), Mills D., 1992/04/09 (120pp)
(.pdf=442493, .tar=2682880, .txt=307085) (Obsoleted by 5905)
(Obsoletes 1119) (Refs 778, 781, 791, 792, 867, 868, 889, 891, 956,
957, 958, 1059, 1119) (Ref'ed By 1361, 1533, 1589, 1704, 1708, 1769,
1831, 1889, 2002, 2030, 2065, 2068, 2132, 2219, 2324, 2327, 2330,
2535, 2616, 2679, 2681, 2695, 2730, 2783, 2848, 2870, 2896, 2908,
2980, 3108, 3118, 3220, 3315, 3339, 3344, 3520, 3550, 3576, 3830,
3881, 3926, 3977, 4082, 4149, 4192, 4193, 4285, 4330, 4442, 4551,
4566, 4656, 4707, 4710, 4712, 4765, 4907, 5101, 5153, 5197, 5322,
5415, 5481, 5503, 5563, 5580, 5651, 5715, 5776, 5905, 5906) (NTPV3)
1119 -
Network Time Protocol version 2 specification and implementation,
Mills D., 1989/09/01 (64pp) (.pdf=187940, .ps=518020, .txt=143)
(Obsoleted by 1305) (Obsoletes 1059) (Ref'ed By 1165, 1190, 1305,
1700, 2375, 2822)
1059 -
Network Time Protocol version 1 specification and implementation,
Mills D., 1988/07/01 (58pp) (.txt=137645) (Obsoleted by 1119)
(Obsoletes 958) (Refs 768, 778, 781, 791, 792, 867, 868, 889, 891,
956, 958) (Ref'ed By 1305)
958 -
Network Time Protocol NTP, Mills D., 1985/09/01 (14pp) (.txt=30723)
(Obsoleted by 1059) (See Also 956, 957) (Refs 768, 778, 781, 792,
867, 868, 889, 891) (Ref'ed By 1057, 1059, 1305, 2924)
957
Experiments in network clock synchronization, Mills D., 1985/09/01
(27pp) (.txt=68952) (See Also 956, 958) (Refs 778, 781, 792, 867,
868, 889, 891) (Ref'ed By 1305)
956
Algorithms for synchronizing network clocks, Mills D., 1985/09/01
(26pp) (.txt=67387) (See Also 957, 958) (Refs 778, 781, 792, 867,
868, 889, 891) (Ref'ed By 1059, 1305)
......
I've mentioned before about involved in something similar at univ starting
with interdata/3 ... which was later upgraded to interdata/4 (for
mainframe channel interface) and cluster of interdata/3s handling
line/port scanner interfaces. past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: How do BIG WEBSITES work? Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Sun, 26 Feb 2017 09:51:29 -0800try optimistic
original relational/sql
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: NSA Deputy Director: Why I Spent the Last 40 Years In National Security Date: 26 Feb 2017 Blog: FacebookNSA Deputy Director: Why I Spent the Last 40 Years In National Security
enormous outsourcing last decade, 70% of budget and over half the
people
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us
and rapidly spreading Success of Failure culture, multiple failures
more profit
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
whistleblower
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/government-elections-politics/united-states-of-secrets/the-frontline-interview-thomas-drake/
posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
last decade, a lot of it is private-equity buying up beltway bandits
(which couldn't lobby congress, but private-equity could lobby on
their behalf), trivia CEO from the 90s, leaves to headup
private-equity that buys beltway bandit that will employ Snowden.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
we were tangentially involved, but didn't know it at the time, 2002 unclassified BAA that basically said they didn't have tools to do what was needed; just before it closes, we got a call asking if we would submit response ... we get a response in and have a few meetings demonstrating we could do what was needed ... and then absolutely nothing. Much later we conjecture that executives didn't believe anybody would respond and it would shut down the complaints (we wondered if person that called us lost their job).
past posts mentioning ic-arda/iarpa baa:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#57 Beyond Snowden: A New Year's Wish For A Better Debate
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#76 Should New Limits Be Put on N.S.A. Surveillance?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#12 5 Unnerving Documents Showing Ties Between Greenwald, Omidyar & Booz Allen Hamilton
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#54 How do we take political considerations into account in the OODA-Loop?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#72 George W. Bush: Still the worst; A new study ranks Bush near the very bottom in history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#20 Credit card fraud solution coming to America...finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#26 Gerstner after IBM becomes Carlyle chairman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#62 The NSA's back door has given every US secret to our enemies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#40 Misc. Success of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#64 Improving Congress's oversight of the intelligence community
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#35 Former CIA Analyst Sues Defense Department to Vindicate NSA Whistleblowers
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: How do BIG WEBSITES work? Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Mon, 27 Feb 2017 11:38:09 -0800bit-naughty writes:
e5-2600v1 blade rated at 400-530 BIPS processing (depending on chip & clock rate) ibm had base list price for e5-2600 blade (before selling off business) of $1800. big cloud megadatacenters claim they assemble their own blades for 1/3rd the cost of brand name blades, or little over $1/BIPS (possible motivation for IBM selling off its server business).
same era IBM mainframe Z196, max configured rated at 50BIPS and goes for $30M (or about $600000/BIPS). IBM's has been making something like 5times annual revenue off mainframe services and software than it makes off its mainframe hardware sale (possibly doubling or tripling cost per BIPS ... $1M-$2M/BIPS.
also Z196 published peak I/O benchmark at 2M IOPS using 104 FICONs
(heavy weight protocol running over 104 fibre-channel). at the same time
there was a (single) fibre-channel announced for e5-2600 blade claiming
over million IOPS (two such fibre-channel outperforms 104 FICONs
... running over 104 fibre-channel). FICON posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon
since Z196, there has been max. configured EC12 rated at 75BIPS and max. configured Z13 rated at 100BIPS ... but they haven't been any published peak I/O benchmarks since Z196 (max configured EC12 and z13 still around $30M, slowly increasing processing power).
Single "dense" blade rack may have more aggregate processing power than all mainframes in the world today. Cloud megadatacenters have hundreds of thousands of systems and millions of processors ... say 2500TIPS (2,500,000BIPS). Equivalent z13 mainframe hardware (@$300000/BIPS) would be something like $1T-$2T ... not counting software & services.
The other issue is that cost of commodity blade system costs have dropped so dramatically that power&cooling has increasingly become major cost. The enormous drop in system costs has also helped with on-demand computing, having large number of idle systems that can be available for "on-demand". The big cloud megadatacenters (increasingly major part of server chip market) has put heavy pressure on chip designers ... to have power/cooling use to drop to zero while idle ... but can up brought up instantaneously as required. Big cloud megadatacenters are increasingly using watts/BIPS as system cost criteria and have been piloting processing chips for use in battery power devices (doesn't have the peak processing power, but substantially better watts/BIPS).
Scientists have been able to use credit card with cloud megadatacenters, to spin-up on-demand supercomputers for a couple hrs ... that have ranked in the top fifty in the world (in processing power).
past posts mentioning e5-2600 blades
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#50 Layer 8: NASA unplugs last mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#64 Layer 8: NASA unplugs last mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#3 NASA unplugs their last mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#4 Memory versus processor speed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#94 Can Mainframes Be Part Of Cloud Computing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#99 Can Mainframes Be Part Of Cloud Computing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#105 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#0 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#4 Can Mainframes Be Part Of Cloud Computing?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#7 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#36 Should IBM allow the use of Hercules as z system emulator?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#38 Should IBM allow the use of Hercules as z system emulator?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#4 Think You Know The Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#20 Mainframes Warming Up to the Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#35 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#52 How will mainframers retiring be different from Y2K?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#62 What are your experiences with Amdahl Computers and Plug-Compatibles?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#11 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#16 Think You Know The Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#84 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#88 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#1 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#34 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#46 Word Length
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#66 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#95 printer history Languages influenced by PL/1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#96 The older Hardware school
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#41 Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#20 X86 server
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#27 PDP-10 system calls, was 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#28 X86 server
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#30 X86 server
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#34 X86 server
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#42 I.B.M. Mainframe Evolves to Serve the Digital World
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#51 Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#56 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#81 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#87 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#88 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#90 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#100 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#3 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#4 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#5 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#13 Intel Confirms Decline of Server Giants HP, Dell, and IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#28 I.B.M. Mainframe Evolves to Serve the Digital World
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#31 Still think the mainframe is going away soon: Think again. IBM mainframe computer sales are 4% of IBM's revenue; with software, services, and storage it's 25%
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#43 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#67 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than any of the other countries in the world including the USA.?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#9 How do you feel about the fact that today India has more IBM employees than any of the other countries in the world including the USA.?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#13 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#14 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#44 Under what circumstances would it be a mistake to migrate applications/workload off the mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#48 Under what circumstances would it be a mistake to migrate applications/workload off the mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#50 history of Programming language and CPU in relation to each
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#56 Under what circumstances would it be a mistake to migrate applications/workload off the mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#69 Under what circumstances would it be a mistake to migrate applications/workload off the mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#70 Under what circumstances would it be a mistake to migrate applications/workload off the mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#72 Mainframes are still the best platform for high volume transaction processing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#6 Mainframes are still the best platform for high volume transaction processing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#11 Mainframes are still the best platform for high volume transaction processing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#21 Assembler vs. COBOL--processing time, space needed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#25 Blades versus z was Re: Turn Off Another Light - Univ. of Tennessee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#38 Assembler vs. COBOL--processing time, space needed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#40 PC/mainframe browser(s) was Re: 360/20, was 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#46 Random thoughts: Low power, High performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#5 What is a Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#12 HCF [was Re: AMC proposes 1980s computer TV series "Halt &Catch Fire"]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#25 Search Google, 1960:s-style
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#26 Mainframes are still the best platform for high volume transaction processing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#58 What is holding back cloud adoption?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#10 From build to buy: American Airlines changes modernization course midflight
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#16 From build to buy: American Airlines changes modernization course midflight
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#17 Still think the mainframe is going away soon: Think again. IBM mainframe computer sales are 4% of IBM's revenue; with software, services, and storage it's 25%
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#5 mainframe "selling" points
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#6 mainframe "selling" points
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#7 mainframe "selling" points
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#8 mainframe "selling" points
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#10 FW: mainframe "selling" points -- Start up Costs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#15 A Private life?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#59 Why Intel can't retire X86
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#60 Why Intel can't retire X86
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#63 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#68 relative mainframe speeds, was What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#84 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#88 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#5 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#16 relative mainframe speeds, was What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#4 Oracle To IBM: Your 'Customers Are Being Wildly Overcharged'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#35 Reports: IBM may sell x86 server business to Lenovo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#37 Where Does the Cloud Cover the Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#38 Reports: IBM may sell x86 server business to Lenovo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#51 Reports: IBM may sell x86 server business to Lenovo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#57 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#64 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#70 How internet can evolve
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#72 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#73 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#74 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#2 A Complete History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#4 A Complete History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#5 SAS Deserting the MF?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#7 SAS Deserting the MF?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#14 Tech Time Warp of the Week: The 50-Pound Portable PC, 1977
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#23 Old data storage or data base
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#43 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#49 A Complete History Of Mainframe Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#50 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#93 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#3 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#5 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#6 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#40 The Mainframe is "Alive and Kicking"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#79 Why does IBM keep saying things like this:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#80 Minicomputer Pricing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#47 Making mainframe technology hip again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#59 Making mainframe technology hip again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#60 Making mainframe technology hip again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#86 IBM unveils new "mainframe for the rest of us"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#53 spacewar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#31 model numbers; was re: World's worst programming environment?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#50 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#51 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#53 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#54 Mainframe On Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#70 50,000 x86 operating system on single mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#33 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#35 Why is the mainframe so expensive?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#78 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made 30 years agotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#94 SHARE Blog: News Flash: The Mainframe (Still) Isn't Dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#38 Making mainframe technology hip again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#54 rebuild 1403 printer chain
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#61 Bet Cloud Computing to Win
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#69 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#71 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#73 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#71 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#94 Santa has a Mainframe!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#97 Santa has a Mainframe!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#18 Quixotically on-topic post, still on topic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#22 US Federal Reserve pushes ahead with Faster Payments planning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#96 11 Years to Catch Up with Seymour
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#71 Last Gasp For Hard Disk Drives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#4 Can the mainframe remain relevant in the cloud and mobile era?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#7 Last Gasp for Hard Disk Drives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#8 The IBM Strategy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#12 The IBM Strategy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#51 Beyond the EC12
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#65 non-IBM: SONY new tape storage - 185 Terabytes on a tape
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#67 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#78 Over in the Mainframe Experts Network LinkedIn group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#86 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#92 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#2 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#4 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#12 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#14 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#2 Demonstrating Moore's law
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#57 [CM] Mainframe tech is here to stay: just add innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#68 Over in the Mainframe Experts Network LinkedIn group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#72 ancient terminals, was The Tragedy of Rapid Evolution?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#78 IBM Programmer Aptitude Test
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#97 The SDS 92, its place in history?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#99 The SDS 92, its place in history?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#0 The SDS 92, its place in history?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#16 The SDS 92, its place in history?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#5 Demonstrating Moore's law
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#17 1950: Northrop's Digital Differential Analyzer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#74 Bell Picturephone--early business application experiments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#24 Unisys CEO ousted, shares slip
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#56 This Chart From IBM Explains Why Cloud Computing Is Such A Game-Changer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#90 What's the difference between doing performance in a mainframe environment versus doing in others
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#88 Death of spinning disk?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#125 How Much Bandwidth do we have?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#129 Is there an Inventory of the Installed Mainframe Systems Worldwide and or for Europe alone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#144 LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#145 IBM Continues To Crumble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#155 IBM Continues To Crumble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#164 Slushware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#170 IBM Continues To Crumble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#35 [CM] IBM releases Z13 Mainframe - looks like Batman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#36 [CM] IBM releases Z13 Mainframe - looks like Batman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#39 [CM] IBM releases Z13 Mainframe - looks like Batman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#46 Why on Earth Is IBM Still Making Mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#78 Is there an Inventory of the Inalled Mainframe Systems Worldwide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#82 Is there an Inventory of the Installed Mainframe Systems Worldwide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#29 IBM Z13
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#30 IBM Z13
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#93 HONE Shutdown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#39 Remember 3277?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#14 Clone Controllers and Channel Extenders
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#0 What are some of your thoughts on future of mainframe in terms of Big Data?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#5 Can you have a robust IT system that needs experts to run it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#35 Moving to the Cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#93 Miniskirts and mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#19 Linux Foundation Launches Open Mainframe Project
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#42 20 Things Incoming College Freshmen Will Never Understand
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#93 HP being sued, not by IBM.....yet!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#96 TCP joke
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#2 More "ageing mainframe" (bad) press
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#108 25 Years: How the Web began
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#110 Is there a source for detailed, instruction-level performance info?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#114 Between CISC and RISC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#15 Dilbert ... oh, you must work for IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#19 Fibre Chanel Vs FICON
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#23 IBM's 3033; "The Big One": IBM's 3033
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#27 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#74 Fibre Channel is still alive and kicking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#103 You count as an old-timer if (was Re: Origin of the phrase "XYZZY")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#104 You count as an old-timer if (was Re: Origin of the phrase "XYZZY")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#24 CeBIT and mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#28 CeBIT and mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#60 Which Books Can You Recommend For Learning Computer Programming?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#61 Can commodity hardware actually emulate the power of a mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#24 What was a 3314?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#81 The mainframe is dead. Long live the mainframe!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#42 How the internet was invented
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#25 Samsung's million-IOPS, 6.4TB, 64Gb/s SSD is ... well, quite something
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#28 Computer hard drives have shrunk like crazy over the last 60 years -- here's a look back
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#40 The F-22 Raptor Is the World's Best Fighter (And It Has a Secret Weapon That Is Out in the Open)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#53 Why Can't You Buy z Mainframe Services from Amazon Cloud Services?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#55 Why Can't You Buy z Mainframe Services from Amazon Cloud Services?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#95 Retrieving data from old hard drives?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#98 A Christmassy PL/I tale
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#19 follow up to dense code definition
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#73 The ICL 2900
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: SC/MP (1977 microprocessor) architecture Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Mon, 27 Feb 2017 16:16:39 -0800Walter Banks <walter@bytecraft.com> writes:
all low-end and mid-range 360s & 370s emulated the 360 instruction set
with various native CISC processor ... vertical microcode ... avg about
ten native instruction for every 360 instruction. I got roped into doing
a project to move the most highest used 6kbytes of 370 kernel code into
native microcode for 138 & 148 (follow-on to 135 & 145) with about 10:1
speedup. Old post with results of kernel pathlength studied ordered by
use ... 6kbyte cutoff was 79.55% kernel processing time (reduced to 8%
native)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21
some of the people at Palo Alto Science Center responsible for 5100 helped with the 138/148 microcode effort
High end 360s & 370s were horizontal microcode machines.
801/risc from mid-70s ... circa 1980 there was effort to switch the large number of different internal CISC processors to 801/risc, controllers, low&mid-range 370s (aka 4361 & 4381 follow-on to 4331&4341), follow-on to s/38, etc (a single family of 801/risc rather than never ending number of one-off CISC processors). For various reasons, the efforts failed, and saw some number of engineers leaving for risc efforts at other vendors.
801/risc ROMP chip was suppose to be used for the follow-on the
Displaywriter ... when that was canceled they decided to use it for the
unix workstation market. They got the company that had done the AT&T
unix port to IBM/PC for PC/IX, to do one for ROMP ... resulting in
PC/RT and AIX. Later the academic unit did a port of UCB BSD to ROMP for
"AOS". posts mentioning 801/risc, ROMP, RIOS, Fort Knox, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
They then did 68k-based 370 which had a card/cable for PC/XT as XT/370,
Oct1983 (ran about 100kips)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-based_IBM-compatible_mainframes#Personal_Computer_XT.2F370
and then made available as PC/AT as AT/370.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-based_IBM-compatible_mainframes#Personal_Computer_AT.2F370
some of the pc/370 issues were 1) bloated mainframe software that page thrashed in the original 384kbyte storage (I was blamed for delaying release when I showed how bad page thrashing was in 384kbyte) ... so they upgraded to 512kbytes before release (reducing some of the page thrashing) 2) mainframe intensive page thrashing I/O and file system i/o that were being simulated on 100ms access XT disk.
Then a group in POK did A74 ... old email with A74 details (about
350kips processor, 3.5 times pc/370)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#email880622
old post with part of the (infoworld) 7nov1988 article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#4
I was asked to do part of both the pc/370 and the A74 software,
old post with A74 kernel software updates I redid for A74
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#35
big advantage of A74 (compared to PC/370) was 16mbyte real memory (instead of 512kbytes) and much faster PC disk.
then S/390 processor card
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-based_IBM-compatible_mainframes#S.2F390_Processor_Card
there was then vendor software developed that ran on intel and sparc
architectures that had lot of simularities to the microcode implementing
low&mid-range 360s & 370s:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PC-based_IBM-compatible_mainframes#z.2FArchitecture_and_today
Hercules
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hercules_(emulator)
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: MULTICS is ALIVE - booting MR12.6e 6180 emulation Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 27 Feb 2017 16:30:13 -0800MULTICS is ALIVE - booting MR12.6e 6180 emulation
from seattle living computer musueum, recently posted on facebook:
Charles Anthony modified the DPS-8/m emulator code to support the
6180. The panel was put on eBay several years ago and I purchased it. My
understanding is that it came from the University of Oakland. I believe
all panels of that system were saved and nothing else. The interface
between the emulator, which is running under Linux on Intel i7, is
serial to a BASYS3 Xilinx that in turn drives two logic boards attached
to the panel's wiring harness. All lamps and switches are available to
emulator and that includes the scrolls as well. Just about all displays
can be achieved at this time (though maybe more later?). The emulator is
booted via switches on the front panel set to 024000717200 followed by
the initialize button.
The system boots up to idle in just under 2 minutes, which, from what I
understand, is blazingly fast. We are reorganizing our 2nd floor exhibit
and hope to develop this into an interesting display with an interactive
terminal, as well as remote access, at some point in the next few
months.We are also *very interested* in hosting Multicians to celebrate
Multics sometime this year.
... snip ...
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: SC/MP (1977 microprocessor) architecture Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Mon, 27 Feb 2017 16:34:17 -0800Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
Palo Alto Science Center people were also responsible for the 370/145 APL microcode assist .... with the "assist", some amount of APL ran as fast on 145 as it did on 370/168 (also about ten times speeed up).
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: SC/MP (1977 microprocessor) architecture Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Tue, 28 Feb 2017 09:24:32 -0800spacewar writes:
I help write the white paper that blocked using 801/risc (Iliad chip)
for 4361 & 4381 ... part was cisc chips had advanced to point where much
of 370 could be directly implemented (as opposed to traditional
emulation in microcode).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
Boeblingen (IBM) in the mid-80s did 3chip set ("roman") that did 370 at 168-3 performance. Some non-IBM in Germany came into possession of copy of detailed description ... somebody from Amdahl had learned of it ... took possession of the document and immediately sent it to me (since it was illegal for them to have it).
SLAC&CERN did bitslice 370 subset ... problem state sufficient to run fortran programs ... coupled to sensors all along line for intial data reduction; first "168E" (i.e. 168 performance) and later "3081E" (3081 performance).
trivia: during 70s & 80s some amount of ibm mainframe technical people (ibm, Amdahl, signetics, tymshare, other customers, etc) use to have monthly technical meetings at SLAC. later it was taken over to have IBM marketing presentations (no longer held at SLAC).
I mentioned that when Iliad 801/risc strategy imploded ... some 801/risc engineers left to go work on risc at other vendors. IBM may have sued AMD for hiring one of the engineers for work on 29K.
Signetics had sister company 2pi ... which did small ibm compatible
mainframe ... original sold as NCSS 3200. NCSS was spun-off of cambridge
scientific center offering online (virtual machine based) CP67/CMS
commercial services ... 1978 NCSS 3200 reference here
https://www.amazon.com/National-Computer-System-Overwork-Print/dp/B007RC11RU
tymshare (with their virtual machine based online commercial service)
got into some competition with NCSS (using vm370/cms, follow-on to
cp67/cms), including 4th generation programming language
http://archive.computerhistory.org/resources/text/Oral_History/Clemens_Jack/Cohen_Gerald/Cohen_Gerald_1.oral_history.1986.102658228.pdf
past posts mentioning signetics &/or 2pi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#4 Status of Arpanet/Internet in 1976?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#9 Status of Arpanet/Internet in 1976?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#76 What is the protocal for GMT offset in SMTP (e-mail) header
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#52 A brief history of CMS/XA, part 1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#25 Mainframe technology in 2011 and beyond; who is going to run these Mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#56 Are prefix opcodes better than variable length?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#46 A bit of IBM System 360 nostalgia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#72 zEC12, and previous generations, "why?" type question - GPU computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#62 model numbers; was re: World's worst programming environment?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#74 Ancient computers in use today
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: "Big Four" accounting firms take a hit Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 28 Feb 2017 10:03:50 -0800hancock4 writes:
Possibly because even GAO didn't believe SEC was doing anything, it
started do reports of public company fraudulent filings, even showing
increases after SOX goes into effect (and nobody doing jailtime).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#financial.reporting.fraud.fraud
In the congressional Madoff hearings, they had testimony from the person
that had tried unsuccessfully for a decade to get SEC to do something
about Madoff. He was asked if new regulations were needed, he replied
while new regulations might be needed, much more important was
transparency and visibility (possibly because SEC didn't appear to be
doing anything about regulations). He also mentioned that
whistleblowers/tips turn up 13 times more fraud than audits .... and SEC
didn't have a "tip" hotline, but had 1-800 number for companies to
complain about audits.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Rolander, Tom oral history (DRI, CPM, etc) Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 28 Feb 2017 10:12:21 -0800recently from facebook:
Rolander, Tom oral history
http://www.computerhistory.org/collections/catalog/102717254
Thomas A. Rolander is an entrepreneur, engineer, and pioneering
developer of operating systems and software applications for personal
computers. While working at Digital Research Inc. (DRI) with Gary
Kildall, the "father" of CP/M, in 1979 he created the multitasking
multiuser operating system MP/M for microcomputers that laid the
groundwork for later Digital Research operating system families such as
Concurrent CP/M, Concurrent DOS and Multiuser DOS. He received a Diamond
Award for Entrepreneurial Excellence from the University of Washington
(UW) in 2013.
... snip ...
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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: Check out Massive Amazon cloud service outage disrupts sites Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 1 Mar 2017 09:53:31 -0800Jesse1.Robinson@SCE.COM (Jesse 1 Robinson) writes:
we went around to various customers talking about failure modes. One customer in Manhatten had carefully chosen a building that telco feeds from four different substations on four sides of the bldg, power from different substations on opposite sides of the bldg, and water from different water mains on opposite sides of the bldg. The datacenter was shutdown when transformer in the basement exploded and the bldg had to be evacuate because of contamination. There were a number of other customers with similar stories.
It was while out talking to customers that I coined disaster
survivability (to differentiate from disaster recovery) and geographic
survivabilty. some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#availability
I was then asked to write a section for the corporate continuous availability strategy document. The section got pulled when both Rochester (as/400) and POK (es/9000) complained that they weren't able to meet the requirements.
trivia: mainframe DB2 group were also complaining if I was allowed to
proceed with (commercial) HA/CMP cluster scale-up, it would be at least
5yrs ahead of them. old post about Jan1992 meeting in Ellison's
conference room
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: Check out Massive Amazon cloud service outage disrupts sites Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 1 Mar 2017 17:28:42 -0800charlesm@MCN.ORG (Charles Mills) writes:
unks unks are frequently not having done detailed end-to-end evaluations of all possible scenarios.
we started out claiming no-single-point-of-failure ... but it required doing end-to-end walk through looking for all sort of critical components (I was also asked to review IBM RAID designs and sometimes would uncover single-point-of-failure in the least anticipated places). This included replicated fallover switches and process over precedence of failover (as part of handling some race conditions).
Also needed a inverse "RESERVE" ... there is a failure case where a processor gets suspended just before a write operation, which then kicks-off recovery processes. The processor that is assumed to have failed has to be "fenced off" from proceeding with a write operation when it wakes up (aka RESERVE allows only one processor to write and prevents all other, inverse "RESERVE" blocks one or more identified processors from writing; there also has to be tie-breaker process for race conditions).
"real" no-signel-point-of-failures contributed to having to specify geographically separated operation.
we also started defining what was needed to handle multiple points of
failure ... and looking at 5-nines availability configurations.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available
As undergraduate at the univ ... I was first hired as fulltime person to be responsible for IBM production mainframe systems. Then before graduation, I was hired fulltime by Boeing to help with creation of Boeing Computer Serivces (consolidate all dataprocessing in an independent business unit to better monetize the investment, including offering services to non-Boeing entities). I thot Renton datacenter was possibly largest in the world with something like $300M (late 60s dollars) in ibm mainframes (360/65s were arriving faster than they could be installed). 747#3 was flying skies of seattle getting FAA flt. certification. There was also decision to replicate Renton up at the new 747 plant in Everett ... there was disaster scenario where Mt. Rainier heats up and the resulting mudslide takes out the Renton datacenter).
I finally join IBM (science center) after graduation ... some past
posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
One of the things that was exposed in the 70s with respect to IBM dasd ... was IBM mainframe channel/dasd had (for some time, up through 80s) a undetectable power interruption failure mode in the middle of write operation ... control/dasd had sufficient power to complete write correctly, but there wasn't sufficient power to transfer data from processor memory ... so the record write was completed with all zeros with valid error correcting codes. In CMS case, MFD is somewhat equivalent of OS VTOC, change was made to have pairs of alternating MFD records, with sequence appended. A power-interrupted MFD write would zero all or part of appended sequence ... so it wouldn't appear most current during recovery (and the other MFD would be used). Towards the mid-80s there was controller work to try and handle the case (for operating systems that didn't know how). Later hardware solution was that all the data had to be available for the write to start.
later they let me play disk engineer in bldgs 14&15 ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
they had bunch of mainframes for dasd engineering testing that were scheduled stand-alone 7x24 around the clock. They had once tried to do testing under MVS ... but in that environment, MVS had 15min MTBF, requiring manual re-ipl. I offered to redo input/output supervisor that was bullet proof and never fail ... greatly improving productivity, allowing anytime, on-demand concurrent testing. When I wrote up the wrote in an internal report, I may have made a mistake mentioning the MVS 15min MTBF ... because I was later told that the MVS RAS group did their best to have me separated from the company.
A couple years later ... field engineering had 3880 controller error
regression test with 57 "injected" errors (that they considered typical
and likely to occur). MVS was failing in all 57 cases (requiring manual
re-ipl) ... and in 2/3rds of the cases, no indiciation of what was
responsible for the failure ... previously posted old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#email801015
trivia: I had worked with Jim Gray at IBM SJR ... before he left for
Tandem. At Tandem he does a detailed analysis of failure modes, finding
that hardware was in the process of becoming significantly more reliable
... and failures were starting to shift to human error, software bugs,
and environmental (power, acts of nature, etc) ... copy of summary from
that study
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/grayft84.pdf
also
https://jimgray.azurewebsites.net/papers/TandemTR86.2_FaultToleranceInTandemComputerSystems.pdf
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: China's claim it has 'quantum' radar may leave $17 billion F-35 naked Date: 01 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookChina's claim it has 'quantum' radar may leave $17 billion F-35 naked
F22 has two engines
F35 has only one engine (although for F35 did split price separately for airframe and engine).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II
F35 was designed as cost reduced bomb truck assuming F22 was flying cover to handle threats. F35 primarily focused on stealth from the front downward angle (i.e. enemy ground radar that was bomb target).
Comparison analysis of F35 with other planes
http://www.ausairpower.net/jsf.html
has analysis of F35 radar signature at different radar frequencies
involving different angles and portions of the frame (lots to say
about how cost reduced and compromised stealth compared to original
design)
http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-2009-01.html
NSA Details Chinese Cyber Theft of F-35, Military Secrets
http://freebeacon.com/national-security/nsa-details-chinese-cyber-theft-of-f-35-military-secrets/
Advisories have danced through our military networks for years, acquiring all sorts of top-secret military information. There has been joke that F-35 is such a bad design, it was purposefully done to get adviseries to waste huge amount of development on efforts that would fail (otherwise US wouldn't have allowed all the secrets to be so trivially acquired).
other old trivia: The base-year PAUC for the F-35 is $108.2 million;
the then-year PAUC is $133.0 million.
http://nation.time.com/2013/06/04/alphabet-soup-paucs-apucs-urfs-cost-variances-and-other-pricing-dodges/
Except for one small thing: those sums do not include the engine. The
Pentagon, in an unusual move, broke the program into two pieces -
airframe and engine - beginning in 2011. If you want a fighter with an
engine, add $21.8 million for the base-year PAUC and $26.2 million for
the then-year PAUC. That makes the actual Program Acquisition Unit
Cost for each F-35 (with an engine) $130.0 million in obsolete 2012
dollars or $159.2 million in actual appropriations, past, present and
future.
.. snip ...
past posts mentioning cyberdumb:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#21 Credit card fraud solution coming to America...finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#4 Cyberdumb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#8 Cyberdumb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#19 Does Cybercrime Really Cost $1 Trillion?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#20 DEC and The Americans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#91 Computers anyone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#95 Computers anyone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#104 E.R. Burroughs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#104 How to Win the Cyberwar Against Russia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#0 Snowden
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#28 China's spies gain valuable US defense technology: report
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#40 The F-22 Raptor Is the World's Best Fighter (And It Has a Secret Weapon That Is Out in the Open)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#67 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#76 The F-35 Stealth Fighter Is Politically Unstoppable----Even Under President Trump
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#62 Big Shrink to "Hire" 25,000 in the US, as Layoffs Pile Up
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: System z: I/O Interoperability Evolution - From Bus & Tag to FICON Date: 02 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookSystem z: I/O Interoperability Evolution - From Bus & Tag to FICON
Fibre Channel is still alive and kicking
http://www.networkworld.com/article/3039364/lan-wan/fibre-channel-is-still-alive-and-kicking.html
1980 STL (now SVL) was bursting at the seams and were moving 300
people from the IMS database group to offsite bldg with remote access
back to STL datacenter. They had tried "remote" 3270 and found human
factors totally unacceptable to what they were use to. I then get
con'ed into doing channel-extender support so that they could place
local channel-attached 3270 controllers at the offsite bldg. The
vendor then tries to get IBM to release my support to market, however
there was group in POK (playing with some serial stuff) that got it
vetoed (because they were afraid that it would make it more difficult
to get their stuff released).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#channel.extender
In 1988, I'm asked to help LLNL standardize some serial stuff they are working with ... which quickly becomes fibre-channel standard ... including some stuff I had done in 1980 that significantly compensates for the enormous channel protocol chatter overhead/latency (can sustain nearly 1gbit/sec in each direction). Then a decade after the POK group gets my stuff vetoed, they finally get their stuff released in 1990 as ESCON, when it is already obsolete.
Then have to deal with some POK engineers getting involved with
fibre-channel defining a heavy-weight protocol that drastically
reduces the "native" I/O throughput ... which is eventually released
as FICON. The most recent published mainframe "peak I/O" benchmark is
z196 getting 2M IOPS using 104 FICON (running over 104
fibre-channel). About the same time as the z196 benchmark, there was a
(single) fibre-channel announced for E5-2600 blade claiming over
million IOPS (two such fibre-channels have higher throughput than 104
FICON running over 104 fibre-channels). There has been zHPF/TCW
announced for FICON that is a little like the support I had done in
1980 (nearly 40yrs ago), but it claims only 30% improvement over
standard FICON (maybe only needing 70 fibre-channel to get 2M IOPS).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon
trivia: originally, STL/SVL was going to be called Coyote Lab (after IBM convention of naming after nearest Post Office). Before the new lab opens, the San Francisco professional working ladies Coyote group have demonstrations on the steps of Congress. IBM quickly changes the name of the new lab (STL for nearest cross-street).
misc. past posts mentioning Coyote Lab
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#56 South San Jose (was Tysons Corner, Virginia)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001g.html#34 Did AT&T offer Unix to Digital Equipment in the 70s?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#66 Mainframe Spreadsheets - 1980's History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#11 Home mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004e.html#12 Pre-relational, post-relational, 1968 CODASYL "Survey of Data Base Systems"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#6 a history question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005m.html#21 Old Computers and Moisture don't mix - fairly OT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006r.html#21 50th Anniversary of invention of disk drives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007g.html#62 The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#45 The 50th Anniversary of the Legendary IBM 1401
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#54 Maybe off topic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#9 program coding pads
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#84 Where are all the old tech workers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#27 Old data storage or data base
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#18 copyright protection/Doug Englebart
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Hearing aids Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 02 Mar 2017 10:54:20 -0800Unprecedented study of hearing aid outcomes in older adults released today; Research published in American Journal of Audiology has implications for millions of adults with hearing loss
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: FCC halts data security rules Date: 02 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookFCC halts data security rules; The rules require providers to take 'reasonable' measures to secure consumer data
We were brought in to help wordsmith some Cal. state legislation. They did electronic signature act, data breach notification act and were working on "opt-in" personal information sharing act (required explicit approval to share your personal information) when an (federal pre-emption) "opt-out" sharing was added to GLBA (institutions could share your information unless it had record of you objecting).
They had done detailed public privacy studies and #1 issue was fraudulent financial transactions ... mostly as a result of breaches ... there was little or nothing being done about breaches. The issue is normally institutions take security measures in self-protection, however in the case of breaches, the institutions weren't at risk, it was the public. It was hoped that publicity from the breach notification might motivate breach countermeasures.
At 2004 annual national privacy conference in Wash. DC. that had panel with the FTC commissioners. Somebody in the audience asked them if they were going to do anything about GLBA "opt-out". He said that he worked for major call-center technology used by all the large financial institutions. He claimed that they didn't supply call-center "opt-out" operators with any mechanism for recording information (i.e. there were never be a record of people objecting to sharing personal information).
posts mentioning electronic signature legislation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#signature
posts mentioning data breach
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: Check out Massive Amazon cloud service outage disrupts sites Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 2 Mar 2017 12:09:50 -0800lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) writes:
Amazon knocked AWS sites offline because of typo
http://www.zdnet.com/article/amazon-knocked-aws-sites-offline-because-of-typo/
"Unfortunately, one of the inputs to the command was entered incorrectly
and a larger set of servers was removed than intended."
...
my wife was in gburg JES group when she was con'ed into going to POK to
be in charge of loosely-coupled architecture. While there she did
Peer-Coupled Shared Data architecture which saw little uptake (except
for IMS hot-standby) until SYSPLEX and Parallel SYSPLEX. She didn't
remain long, in part because of little uptake and in part because of
constant battles with the communication group trying to force her into
using SNA/VTAM for loosely-coupled operation.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#shareddata
long after we had left IBM, we use to periodically drop in on the guy responsible for running one of the largest financial transaction networks. He attributed their 100% availability over extended period of time to
• geographically separated, triple-replicated IMS hot-standby • automated operator
... aka human error.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available
old reference to having done work on operator automation in the early
70s ... originally for running automated unattended benchmarking
... that included automated system reboot with possibly reconfiguration
&/or different kernel, between each benchmark.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#2
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The FCC Seems Unlikely to Stop Internet Providers from Selling Your Data Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 02 Mar 2017 12:53:09 -0800The FCC Seems Unlikely to Stop Internet Providers from Selling Your Data
We were brought in to help wordsmith some Cal. state legislation. They did electronic signature act, data breach notification act and were working on "opt-in" personal information sharing act (required explicit approval to share your personal information) when an (federal pre-emption) "opt-out" sharing was added to GLBA (institutions could share your information unless it had record of you objecting).
At 2004 annual national privacy conference in Wash. DC. that had panel with the FTC commissioners. Somebody in the audience asked them if they were going to do anything about GLBA "opt-out". He said that he worked for major call-center technology used by all the large financial institutions. He claimed that they didn't supply call-center "opt-out" operators with any mechanism for recording information (i.e. there would never be a record of people objecting to sharing personal information).
They had also done detailed public privacy studies and #1 issue was fraudulent financial transactions ... mostly as a result of breaches ... there was little or nothing being done about breaches. The issue is normally institutions take security measures in self-protection, however in the case of breaches, the institutions weren't at risk, it was the public. It was hoped that publicity from the breach notification might motivate breach countermeasures.
FCC halts data security rules; The rules require providers to take
'reasonable' measures to secure consumer data
http://www.computerworld.com/article/3175103/internet/fcc-halts-data-security-rules.html
posts mentioning electronic signature legislation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#signature
posts mentioning data breach notification
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
posts mentioning GLBA "opt-out" provision
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006e.html#44 Does the Data Protection Act of 2005 Make Sense
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#71 TJ Maxx - why are they still in business?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#47 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#17 U.K. lags in information security management practices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#82 Oldest Instruction Set still in daily use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#73 Our Pecora Moment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#74 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#75 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#82 Costs Of Data Breaches Much Higher In U.S. Than In Other Countries, Study Says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#7 Seeking *Specific* Implementation of Star Trek Game
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#52 Who are these people who think cybersecurity experts are crying wolf?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#76 e-commerce smackdown as PCI standards revised
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#41 On Protectionism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#55 Are Americans serious about dealing with money laundering and the drug cartels?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#45 Happy 100th Birthday, IBM!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#68 Why the US needs a data privacy law -- and why it might finally get one
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#53 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#35 Israel vows to hit back after credit cards hacked
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#86 Should the IBM approach be given a chance to fix the health care system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#14 Gilmore response to NSA mathematician's "make rules for NSA" appeal
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#15 Is it time for a revolution to replace TLS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#21 Thomas Piketty Is Right About the Past and Wrong About the Future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#171 European data law: UK.gov TRASHES 'unambiguous consent' plans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#17 Cromnibus cartoon
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#54 How do we take political considerations into account in the OODA-Loop?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#55 HealthCare.gov in Cahoots with Dozens of Tracking Websites
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#95 book "1984"--modern privacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#76 GLBA & Glass-Steagall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#94 Trump to sign cyber security order
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Congratulations IBM for 'inventing' out-of-office email. You win Stupid Patent of the Month Date: 03 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookCongratulations IBM for 'inventing' out-of-office email. You win Stupid Patent of the Month
Electronic Mail and Text Messaging in CTSS, 1965 - 1973
https://www.multicians.org/thvv/anhc-34-1-anec.html
some of the CTSS people went to the 5th flr for Multics, others went to the ibm science center on the 4th flr and did virtual machines, the internal network, invented GML 1969 (decade later morphs into ISO standard SGML, and after another decade morphs into HTML), lots of online applications and performance work.
More History (doesn't mention CP67 and ARPANET out at Lincoln Labs)
https://www.multicians.org/thvv/mail-history.html
trivia: I was blamed for online computer conferencing on the internal network (larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime mid-80s) in the late 70s and early 80s. Folklore is that when the corporate executive committee were told about online computer conferencing (and the internal network), 5of6 wanted to fire me. Lots of task forces were kicked-off in the wake ... one taskforce brought in Hiltz&Turoff for extended discussion/analysis (authors "Network Nation").
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
online computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
patent trivia: Sometime after we left IBM, we worked for a few weeks on patent portfolio with a boutique patent firm ... on secure payment transactions and had 50 draft patents and the patent firm estimated it would be well over 100 before we were done. An executive looked at cost of US & international filings (besides awards) and then directed that all claims be repackaged as 9 patents (for which we each got $6k/patent). Later the patent office came back and said it was tired of these humongous patents where the filing fee didn't even cover the cost of reading all the claims ... and directed that the claims be repackaged in a minimum of 30 separate patents (of course we didn't get any additional awards when they were repackaged).
AADS patent portfolio
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#aads
There was almost a glitch, I had given a presentation on secure (internet) payment transactions to ISI & RFC/Internet staff a couple months earlier ... but turns out that it met the requirement of not being a "public/open" meeting (Postel sponsored the talk, he also used to let me help him do STD1).
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: How do BIG WEBSITES work? Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Fri, 03 Mar 2017 16:39:18 -0800antispam writes:
https://www.questia.com/newspaper/1P2-36291080/2-stockbrokers-sound-alarm-about-dangers-of-high-frequency
They have proposed solutions that might seem simple to the uninitiated
but look radical to H.F.T. insiders. For instance, the two want to
require H.F.T. firms to honor the prices they offer for a stock for at
least 50 milliseconds -- less than a wink of an eye, but eons in
high-frequency time.
On May 6, 2010, shortly before 3 p.m., the stock market plummeted. In
just 15 minutes, the Dow tumbled 600 points -- bringing its loss for the
day to nearly 1,000. Then, just as fast, and just as inexplicably, it
sprang back nearly 600 points, like a bungee jumper.
... snip ...
they make offer to sell (or buy) for some price ... and then it
disappears, aka make an offer, immediately withdraw it ... and see how
many accepts that they get ... to gage current interest. (before HFT,
large number of fabricated transactions could be accepted before they
were withdrawn ... then it would be claimed that the offer was mistake
and have to be backed out, some estimates accounted for 1/3rd of all
activity, but would be significantly higher now)
this is old article (before HFT really takes affect) ... that illegal
activity was wide-spread ... but didn't have to worry about SEC
http://nypost.com/2007/03/20/cramer-reveals-a-bit-too-much/
The Rigged Market: A Review of Flash Boys
http://harvardpolitics.com/books-arts/rigged-market-review-flash-boys/
As an example, let's assume the California Public Employees' Retirement
System (CALPERS), a large pension fund, is interested in buying 100,000
shares of General Electric at $25.00 a share. The fund then instructs
its broker to make the purchase. The broker plugs the trade into the
computer, and a matching algorithm is used to purchase these shares at
the cheapest price it can find on the market. Once 15,000 shares are
purchased on the NYSE, the HFT firms identify the large trade that has
hit the first exchange and rush ahead to the other exchanges to purchase
shares and drive the price up before selling the shares a fraction of a
second later.
... snip ...
past HFT posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#21 Study links ultrafast trading with risk of crash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#2 Search Google, 1960:s-style
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#29 Destructive Destruction? An Ecological Study of High Frequency Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#41 Computer Simulations Reveal Benefits of Random Investment Strategies Over Traditional Ones
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#54 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#75 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#67 The End Of 'Orderly And Fair Markets'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#58 Traders Said to Rig Currency Rates to Profit Off Clients
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#59 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#89 FBI Finds Holes in System Protecting Economic Data
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#10 What Makes Infrastructure investment not bizarre
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#12 What Makes Infrastructure investment not bizarre
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#50 IBM Furloughs U.S. Hardware Employees to Reduce Costs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#16 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#53 Retirement Savings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#93 High Frequency Terrorism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#1 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#15 Boyd Blasphemy: Justifying the F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#40 The Wall Street Code: HFT Whisteblower Haim Bodek on Algorithmic Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#76 A Little More on the Computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#40 ELP weighs in on the software issue:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#54 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#82 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#89 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#28 Royal Pardon for credit unions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#29 Royal Pardon for credit unions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#43 Royal Pardon for credit unions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#56 Royal Pardon for credit unions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#65 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#7 N.Y. Barclays Libor Traders Said to Face U.K. Charges
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#93 New York seeks curbs on high-frequency trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#18 FBI Investigates High-Speed Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#60 FBI Investigates High-Speed Trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#72 Three Expensive Milliseconds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#3 Three Expensive Milliseconds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#20 HFT, computer trading
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#25 Before the Internet: The golden age of online services
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#41 System Response
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#70 Obama Administration Launches Plan To Make An "Internet ID" A Reality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#1 HFT is harmful, say US market participants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#54 Has the last fighter pilot been born?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#64 HFT is harmful, say US market participants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#107 The SEC's Mary Jo White Punts on High Frequency Trading and Abandons Securities Act of 1934
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#109 SEC Caught Dark Pool and High Speed Traders Doing Bad Stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#64 Dark Pool Greed Drove Barclays to Lie to Clients, N.Y. Says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#106 only sometimes From looms to computers to looms
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#132 LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#58 IBM Data Processing Center and Pi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#26 What were the complaints of binary code programmers that not accept Assembly?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#36 IBM CEO Rometty gets bonus despite company's woes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#17 Robots have been running the US stock market, and the government is finally taking control
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#28 Bernie Sanders Proposes A Bill To Break Up The 'Too Big To Exist' Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#78 Greedy Banks Nailed With $5 BILLION+ Fine For Fraud And Corruption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#47 Do we REALLY NEED all this regulatory oversight?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#53 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#46 seveneves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#47 seveneves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#48 seveneves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#53 seveneves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#66 Michael Hudson's New Book: Wall Street Parasites Have Devoured Their Hosts -- Your Retirement Plan and the U.S. Economy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#23 It A "Liquidity Mirage": New York Fed Finally Grasps How Broken The Market Is Due To HFTs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#75 American Gripen: The Solution To The F-35 Nightmare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#68 Eric Hunsader Explains To CNBC That "Markets Are Always Rigged"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#11 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#95 Is it a lost cause?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#40 Misc. Success of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#65 old Western Union Telegraph Company advertising
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#18 Bundesbank Confirms HFTs Reduce Liquidity, Contribute To Flash Crashes, Withdraw At Times Of "Market Stress"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#10 Nasdaq asks SEC for speed bump to protect retail traders
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#43 when to get out???
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: How do BIG WEBSITES work? Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Sat, 04 Mar 2017 12:04:07 -0800Morten Reistad <first@last.name.invalid> writes:
JPMorgan's Trading Desk Lost Money On Just Two Days In The Past 4 Years
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2017-03-01/jpmorgans-trading-desk-lost-money-just-two-days-past-4-years
Three years ago there was outrage among traders when HFT marketmaker
Virtu reported that it had managed to log just one day of trading losses
in over 4 years of trading. Many speculated that this was proof that
HFTs had managed to effectively rig the market in a way that prevents
any trading losses. It now appears that Virtu is not the only one with a
near-perfect trading record.
... snip ...
One sci-fiction scenario is that they might have time-machine that allows them to see the future, or at least able to act on the future ahead of others
related articles
Virtu Celebrates Another Year Without a Single Day of Losses
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-02-20/high-frequency-trader-virtu-extends-nearly-unblemished-streak
Everyone's Talking About The High-Frequency Trading Firm That Just Had 1
Day Of Trading Losses In 1,238 Days
http://www.businessinsider.com/virtu-hft-only-one-losing-day-2014-3
The Holy Grail Of Trading Has Been Found: HFT Firm Reveals 1 Losing
Trading Day In 1238 Days Of Trading
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2014-03-10/holy-grail-trading-has-been-found-hft-firm-reveals-1-losing-trading-day-1238-days-tr
Head Trader Of World's 4th Largest Hedge Fund Caught In HFT Frontrunning Scandal
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2015-07-31/head-trader-worlds-4th-largest-hedge-fund-caught-hft-frontrunning-scandal
Front-running Scalping Strategies and Market Manipulation. Why Does
High-Frequency Trading Need Stricter Regulation?
https://financialreview.poole.ncsu.edu/article/front-running-scalping-strategies-and-market-manipulation-why-does-high-frequency-trading-need-stricter-regulation/
Regulators continue to debate whether high-frequency trading (HFT) is
beneficial to market quality. Using Strongly Typed Genetic Programming
(STGP) trading algorithm, we develop several artificial stock markets
populated with HFT scalpers and strategic informed traders. We simulate
real-life trading in the millisecond timeframe by applying STGP to
real-time and historical data from Apple, Exxon Mobil, and Google. We
observe that HFT scalpers front-run the order flow, resulting in damage
to market quality and long-term investors. To mitigate these negative
implications, we propose batch auctions every 30 milliseconds of
trading.
... snip ...
another variation on large number offers that are canceled
Congratulations To Prominent Anti-HFT Crusader Eric Hunsader For Winning
$750,000 Whistleblower Award
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2016-03-01/congratulations-prominent-anti-hft-critic-eric-hunsader-winning-750000-whisteblower-
How HFT Quote Stuffing Caused The Market Crash Of May 6, And Threatens
To Destroy The Entire Market At Any Moment
http://www.zerohedge.com/article/how-hft-quote-stuffing-caused-market-crash-may-6-and-threatens-destroy-entire-market-any-mom
If you could generate a large number of quotes that your competitors
have to process, but you can ignore since you generated them, you gain
valuable processing time. This is an extremely disturbing development,
because as more HFT systems start doing this, it is only a matter of
time before quote-stuffing shuts down the entire market from congestion.
... snip ...
Presenting The Quote Stuffing Trading Strategy Of The NY Fed's Favorite
Hedge Fund: Citadel
http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2014-08-15/presenting-quote-stuffing-trading-strategy-ny-feds-favorite-hedge-fund-citadel
The data shows the Citadel Quote Stuffing algo placing and canceling
orders at a steady rate of about 17 messages per millisecond, or half
that number if we are counting orders: so 8 to 9 orders per millisecond
(1 message to add the order, and 1 message to cancel it). Only one order
was active in Nasdaq's order book at any given time - it would place an
order, then cancel it, before placing a new one and repeating the
process.
... snip ...
trivia: rhetoric in congress was that Sarbanes-Oxley would prevent future ENRONs and guarantee executives and auditors did jail time, however it required that SEC do something. Possibly because even GAO didn't believe SEC was doing anything, it was doing reports of public company fraudulent financial filings, even showing increase in fraudulent financial filings after SOX goes into effect. Joke was that SOX was actually full-employment gift to the audit industry (after the damage they suffered in the wake of ENRON) and that possibly the only productive part of SOX was provisions for tips/whistleblowers.
In the Madoff congressional hearings they had testimony from the person that had tried unsuccessfully for a decade to get SEC to do something about Madoff (SEC's hands were forced when Madoff turned himself in). Congress asked the person if new regulations were needed. He replied that while new regulations might be needed, much more important was transparency and visibility (possibly because SEC wasn't enforcing the existing regulations). He also pointed out that whistleblowers turn up 13 times more fraud than audits (and that SEC didn't have whistleblower hotline, but had hotline for corporations to complain about audits).
posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#enron
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblowers
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Trump to sign cyber security order Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 04 Mar 2017 17:50:24 -0800Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
original big funding is actually more than ten years ago now (I remember reading articles middle of last decade). More recent articles refer to huge chicken & hog factory runoffs into the Chesapeake ... however
Trump would cut Chesapeake Bay cleanup from $73M a year to $5M
http://www.dailypress.com/news/science/dp-nws-bay-budget-slashed-20170302-story.html
doesn't appear to have anything to do with the first billion apparently disappearing with nothing to show for it.
other trivia: a couple posts about invited to meeting at national
archives the week it opened its new bldg in college park
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#66 They always think we don't understand
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#24 1976 vs. 2016?
where they complained about "directed appropriation" ... redirected NA
budget (for preserving records) to building a huge marble ediface as a
gift/reward for maryland construction companies.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Archives_and_Records_Administration#National_Archives_at_College_Park
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Hamilton and "Fake News" Date: 03 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookIn both Jefferson and Burr biographies it appears that Hamilton was master of "fake news". It is somewhat portrayed that Hamilton believed himself to be an honorable man, but also that in political and other conflicts, he believed that the ends justified the means. "The Life of Aaron Burr" pg263/loc5119-24:
recent posts mentioning Jefferson, Hamilton, &/or Burr
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#25 Gutting Dodd-Frank
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#29 the previous century, was channel islands, definitely not the location of LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#62 Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#83 Term "Open Systems" (as Sometimes Currently Used) is Dead -- Who's with Me?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#45 rationality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#37 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#0 IBM is Absolutely Down For The Count
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#54 CFTC Reproposes Position Limits Rule
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#83 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#4 Separation church and state
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#12 Separation church and state
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#32 Star Trek (was Re: TV show Mannix observations)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#55 Comanche Empire
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Multitasking, together with OS operations Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Tue, 07 Mar 2017 09:51:08 -0800Stephen Fuld <SFuld@alumni.cmu.edu.invalid> writes:
later as computers got more powerful, multitasking was to improve throughput and resource use. efficiency of system services then also contributed to throughput.
in the 70s, I started pontificating that relative disk system throughput was declining and by the early 80s, relative disk system throughput had declined by an order of magnitude over a period of a little over ten years. The disk division executives took exception and assigned the division performance group to refute the claims ... they came back a few weeks later and basically said that I had understated the problem (i.e. processor throughput had increased by factor of 50, while disk throughput only increased by 3-4 times) The analysis was then turned into customer marketing about how to configure disks to help system throughput.
there is old tale about the decision to mvoe all IBM mainframes to virtual memory system. The dominate mainframe system, OS/360 MVT could typically only configure for four tasks on typical 1mbyte 370/165 ... real memory reserved for each task had to be four times larger than actually used because system services memory management was so bad. They determined that moving OS/360 MVT to a virtual memory base ... they could run four times as many concurrent tasks with little or no paging (because they could use virtual memory mapping to compensate for the poor storage management services).
trivia: when mainframe, virtual machine, virtual memory CP67 system was first installed installed at the univ in Jan1968, it did purely FIFO, single request I/O ordering. I rewrote the support to do ordered seek queueing and careful rotational ordering. The fixed-head per track 2301 "drum" would do about 80 requiests/sec. "Batching" & rotational ordering I would achieve nearly the theoritical media maxium of 270 requests/sec. I also rewrote critical paths to significantly cut number of instructions, completely different page replacement, and did dynamic adaptive resource management scheduling (most of which the vendor released to customers while I was still undergraduate at univ).
dynamic adaptive resource management posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare
page replacement algo posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#wsclock
science center posts ... responsible for virtual machines, cp40, cp67,
internal network, GML, performance tools, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
more trivia: one of the guys I knew working on ATM (cash machine) transaction system ... under certain kinds of load would delay request processing by a few milliseconds ... that even though there wasn't any other queued i/os at the moment, waiting a few milliseoncs, requests might arrive, which could be ordered (as opposed to disk arm already moving to essentially random location).
I currently pontificate that memory access latency, when measure in number of processor cycles ... is comparable to 60s disk access latency when measured in number of 60s processor cycles (i.e. memory is the new disk) ... it is one of the justification for hyperthreading and out-of-order execution (helping mask memory latency and improve throughput).
Other trivia: in early 70s, I got sucked into helping the 370/195
hypertheacing project (which was never announced or shipped). The issue
was that 195 suppored out-of-order execution, but didn't do branch
prediction ... so conditional branches drained the pipeline ... and most
codes ran half 195 processor throughput. Running two threads (each at
half 195 throughput) would have reasonable expectation of keeping 195
busy. It had come from the earlier ACS/360 "red/blue" bit ... mentioned
in the discussion of the end of ACS (towards the bottom "Sidebar:
Multithreading"
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html
Around 1980, we started getting "1655" ... which were pure electronic memory "disk" ... which could be run either native mode ... or "2305" fixed-head per track disk emulation mode. The standard "2305" support did rotational ordering batch service (but no requirement for seek ordering ... since there was head/track). So there was little difference between the 2305-emulation rotational ordering batch ... and pure batch fifo ordering.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Pentagon Blocks Littoral Combat Ship Overrun From a GAO Report Date: 07 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookPentagon Blocks Littoral Combat Ship Overrun From a GAO Report
Boyd told story that when SECDEF couldn't get Spinney (&/or Boyd) put
in Leavenworth (for the rest of their life) for (gone behind paywall,
but mostly lives free at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20070320170523/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953733,00.html
also
https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953733,00.html
the SECDEF supposedly created new classification "NO-SPIN" (unclassified but not to be released).
Boyd related posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 07 Mar 2017 11:04:20 -0800Alan Bowler <atbowler@thinkage.ca> writes:
it is also claimed that w/o newer, competitive products, IBM sales&marketing was just left with FUD (fear, uncertainty, doubt) marketing ... and they had to really "hone" their FUD skills.
other "hone" trivia: 23jun1969 announce, IBM starts charging for
(application) software (did manage to make the case that kernel software
was still free), SE serivces, maintenance, etc. One of the issues was
that SE training including an apprentice type program as part of large
SE group onsite at customer. With unbundling, they couldn't figure out
how to not-charge for "apprentice" SEs. The solution was to provide
online virtual machine services at the branch for SEs to practice their
operating system skills ... i.e. HONE, hands-on network environment ...
basically a number of cp67 datacenters around the country providing
online access to branch offices. some posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
Science center ... some posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
had also ported apl\360 to cp67/cms for apl\cms ... and HONE started also offering apl\cms-based sales&marketing support applications. Eventually the sales&marketing applications came to dominate all HONE use ... and the SE operating system experience dwindled away.
triva: one of my hobbies was providing&supporting enhanced operating systems for internal datacenters ... and HONE was longtime customers.
past posts mentioning FUD marketing:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#77 Who first mentioned Credit Crunch?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#71 Fraudulent certificates issued for major websites
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#16 Think You Know The Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#40 The Mainframe is "Alive and Kicking"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#72 Minicomputer Pricing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#4 IBM commitment to academia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#23 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#98 Oracle Sent Out A Press Release Dissing IBM's Software Business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#99 SHARE Blog: News Flash: The Mainframe (Still) Isn't Dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#1 IBM board OK repurchase of another $15B of stock
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#73 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#95 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#63 Cloud Wars: Now Even the CIA Slams IBM's Technology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#170 IBM Continues To Crumble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#61 Can commodity hardware actually emulate the power of a mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#53 IBM Sales & Marketing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#68 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Multitasking, together with OS operations Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Tue, 07 Mar 2017 11:38:07 -0800mac <acolvin@efunct.com> writes:
3350 was 317.5MB/arm
https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/storage/storage_3350.html
newer 3380 had 630MB/arm
https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/storage/storage_3380.html
double capaicty, but avg. access only went from 25mills to 16mills.
If installation replaced 100 3350s with 50 3380s (based on capacity), avg. system throughput would declined. Arguments with datacenter managers that it was false economy fell on deaf ears. Some of us technical people came up with a new model faster, reduced capacity 3380 that was priced more/unit ... that would appeal to datacenter managers (paying more for higher performance). It was actually a microcode load in the controller that reduced the number of accessible tracks (something a datacenter manager could do on their own).
For 3350->3380 migration we had done monitor of 3350 activity and first used the information to spread highest used data across available 3380s *AND* to not allocate 3380 to more than 80% ... to result in approx. same throughput as 3350 configuration.
As undergraduate at the univ, I got hired fulltime to be responsible for production systems. One of the things they say was moving from 709 IBSYS tape-to-tape to 360/65 2314 disks was student jobs went from less than second to around a minute elapsed time. Adding "HASP" to OS/360 cut elapsed time to around 30 seconds. I did custom system build that carefully placed highest used files & program members at the front of the disk and got student job times down to 12seconds. At the time, the highest used system directory data was fixed place at the front of the disk. It wasn't until MVT release 15/16 that they offered option of specify the location of the system directory ... allowing it to be placed at the middle of the disk, and high used data arrayed from the middle out in both directions. It wasn't the WATFOR monitor for OS/360 ... that supporting running multiple student jobs per program invokation (program&step processing in OS/360 was disk intensive operation) that student job processing elapsed time dropped below that of 709.
In the late 70s at San Jose Research we came up with super efficient mechanism for monitoring live disk use. This help with use for work on doing dynamic reconfiguration for optimizing disk throughput. However, one of the things it uncovered was that there was lots of data ... collections of files ... that were used together on a periodic basis ... high burst/spike use on daily, weekly, monthly intervals. This required different placement strategies than the ones used for continuous, high-use (radiating from central location).
past posts getting to play disk engineer in bldg 14&15
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
past posts mentioning efficient monitor/collection activity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#35 The Future of CPUs: What's After Multi-Core?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#3 The Future of CPUs: What's After Multi-Core?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#18 How to analyze a volume's access by dataset
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#70 Speed of Old Hard Disks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#71 Speed of Old Hard Disks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#47 nested LRU schemes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#11 relative mainframe speeds, was What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 07 Mar 2017 15:28:36 -0800Alan Bowler <atbowler@thinkage.ca> writes:
360/67 original design supported 4-way SMP in the 60s
http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/360/functional_characteristics/A27-2719-0_360-67_funcChar.pdf
http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/360/functional_characteristics/GA27-2719-2_360-67_funcChar.pdf
however, I think that all shipped to customers were only 2-way except for one 3-way that was shipped for the USAF MOL project ... with enhancements that configuration could be changed under software control. Standard SMP had configuration box and all the switches could be "sensed" from the control registers (the 3-way shipped for MOL, the configuration could be changed by changing values in the control registers).
As I've mentioned before, when charlie was at the science center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
working on multiprocessor fine-grain locking for CP67, he invented
compare and swap instruction. The initial effort to get it included in
370 architecture was rebuffed because the POK favorite son operating
system people said that test and set instruction (multiprocessor locking
from 360) was sufficient for multiprocessor support. They are talking
about 360/65MP MVT that had single kernel spin-lock ... so hardware
features had little effect.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/360_Model_65
360/67 shared memory and every processor could address all channels. 360/65 was only 2-way and only shared memory. Dedicated channels for each processor had to be configured with "multi-tail" control unit so both processors could do i/o to the same controller/device.
370 architecture owners then said to get compare&swap included in 370
architecture, uses other than kernel locking were needed. Thus was born
the uses for multithreaded (like large DBMS) were invented .... examples
still appear in IBM mainframe principles of operation. past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
In 2nd half of 70s some of us were working on 16-way 370 ... initially
everybody thot it was great ... and we even co-oped some of the 3033
processor engineers ... it was lot more interesting that remapping 168-3
logic to 20% faster chips. Then somebody told the head of POK that it
might be decades before the POK favorite son operating system people had
effective 16-way support. 3033smp 2-way 1978
https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/3033/3033_CH01.html
1982 3081 2-way
1983 3084 4-way
1985 3090 6-way
1990 es9000 6-way
2000 z900 16-way
2003 z990 32-way
2006 z9 54-way
2008 z10 64-way
2010 z196 80-way
2012 ec12 101-way
2015 z13 140-way
Head of POK then invited some of us to never visit POK again ... and
told the 3033 processor engineers to stop being distracted (with more
insteresting projects). It then is almost 25yrs before 16-way ships
(2000).
one of the things done to MVS for the support of 3084 ... was reorganization of storage management for cache line alignment and multiples of cache line size .... there started to be a lot of cache trashing (in 2-way there was cache invalidation signals from one other processor, in 4-way, would have cache invalidation signals from three other processors). turns out there was huge number of kernel storage working areas that would be process specific ... but shared cache line with working storage for process running on another processor. The claim was the kernel storage management cache-line restructure for 3084 got something between five and ten percent total throughput improvement.
footnote: z196 claims 50BIP (625MIPS/processor) also says over half the per processor speedup compared to z10 is introduction of out-of-order and branch prediction features (that have been in other platforms for decades); ec12 claims 75MIPS (743MIPS/processor); and z13 only claims 30% faster than EC12 (with 40% more processors, implying 100MIPS, 714MIPS/processor).
when my wife must have been in kindergarten, she was in the gburg JES
group and was con'ed into going to POK to be in charge of
loosely-coupled (mainframe for cluster) architecture. While there she
did Peer-Coupled Shared Data architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#shareddata
but didn't remain long because of little uptake (except for IMS
hotstandby) until SYSPPLEX and Parallel SYSPLEX (long after she is
gone), and she was in constant battles with the communication group
trying to force her into using SNA/VTAM for loosely-coupled operation.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Parallel_Sysplex
Note starting with 3090, company started "hardware" subset version of
virtual machines ... PR/SM & LPAR ... basically partitioning real
machine into multiple (potentially loosely-coupled) subset machines.
That is the way nearly all mainframes run today .... even with multiple
real machines in loose-coupled (parallle sysplex) configuration, each of
the real machines may be further subdividate into multiple "logical
machines" (or LPARS, logical partitions).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_partition
last project we did at IBM was HA/CMP product
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
and was working on cluster scale-up for technical/scientific (with
national labs), filesystes, commercial (RDBMS with open RDBMS vendors),
etc. .... old post references meeting in Ellison's conference room
Jan1992 on RDBMS cluster scale-up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
I've mentioned doing global lock manager supporting VAX/Cluster
semantics to make porting easier for RDBMS vendors that had both
VAX/Cluster and Unix in their same RDBMS source base (got input from
RDBMS vendors about how VAX/Cluster could have done it better)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#58 The ICL 2900
past posts mentioning GLM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005r.html#23 OS's with loadable filesystem support?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005u.html#38 Mainframe Applications and Records Keeping?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#43 "Larrabee" GPU design question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#52 New HD
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#77 OT: but hopefully interesting - Million core supercomputer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#22 What Makes code storage management so cool?
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Too-Big-To-Fail Not Punished Date: 07 Mar 2017 Blog: Facebook1999, I was asked to try and help prevent the coming economic mess; some investment bankers had walked away clean from the S&L crisis, were then in doing Internet IPO mills (invest a few million, hype for couple yrs, IPO for couple billion, company fails leaving field clear for next round of IPOs), and were predicted next to get into securitized mortgages. A decade later, Jan2009 I was asked to HTML'ize the Pecora Hearings (congressional hearings into '29crash, resulted in criminal convictions and Glass-Steagall) with lots of internal links and URLs between what happened this time and what happened then (comment that new congress might have appetite to do something). I work on it for awhile and then get a call saying that it won't be needed after all (references to enormous mountains of wallstreet money totally burying capital hill).
really long-winded old post from 1999 conference that compaq/tandem
sponsored for me (at tandem, before HP bought compaq) on infosec. post
was by one of the other attendees touches on the S&L crisis,
adjustable rate mortgages, risk management, and some other issues
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay3.htm#riskm
note that it mentions that at the time of the S&L crisis, Citi
would have been taken down by its adjustable rate mortgage portfolio,
sold it off, got out of the business and needed a privatet bailout to
stay in business. End of 2008, the four largest TBTF were
carrying $5.2T in offbook toxic securitized (adjustable rate)
mortgages ... and Citi was carrying the most of the four
(institutional knowledge about problems appeared to have evaporated
between 1990 and the start of the new century).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#s&l.crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
supposedly TARP was originally appropriated to buy the offbook toxic assets but that may have been pure facade ... with only $700B appropriated and just the four largest TBTF carrying $5.2T, it wouldn't dent the problem.
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Hamilton and "Fake News" Date: 07 Mar 2017 Blog: Facebookre:
Information Warfare isn't Russian - It's American as Apple Pie
http://thestrategybridge.org/the-bridge/2017/3/8/information-warfare-isnt-russian-its-american-as-apple-pie
For instance, the hack of the US Office of Personnel Management
between 2014 and 2015 compromised the sensitive personal information
of 18 million previous and current federal employees and members of
the US military.
... snip ...
... note OPM was outsourced to one of the private-equity owned
subsidiaries
https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/06/24/opm-contractor-veritas/
https://fcw.com/articles/2015/06/24/house-oversight-opm.aspx
there was huge uptic in outsourcing last decade, especially to
private-equity owned subsidiaries (70% of intelligence budget and over
half the people, including Snowden's employer)
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us
as well as the rapidly spreading Success of Failure culture:
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
success of failure posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
... and more Information Warfare isn't Russian:
The campaign's death-stroke was dealt when the letters between Mary
Reynolds and Hamilton were published in a proto-muckraker
pamphlet. The pamphlet also promoted the false accusation that
Hamilton was involved in a corrupt speculation scheme. This placed
Hamilton in a situation where that if he refuted both accusations, the
affair could be easily proven true thus insinuating that the
corruption accusation was also true. Therefore, to preserve his
reputation against the corruption accusation, Hamilton was forced to
make an embarrassing apology to the public for his adultery, thereby
extinguishing any of his future opportunities to hold public office.
... snip ...
the Burr biography has payments from Hamilton to Mr Reynolds that were possibly used in some corrupt speculation. Hamilton explains that they were blackmail payments to keep Reynolds quiet about the affair with his wife.
The Hamilton Hustle
https://thebaffler.com/salvos/hamilton-hustle-stoller
We should be grateful for Hamilton's failures. Had he succeeded, we
would probably be living in a military dictatorship.
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: CBS News: WikiLeaks claims to release thousands of CIA documents of computer activity Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 08 Mar 2017 18:19:06 -0800at recent talk on sr-71, flew at 75k-80k ft at mach 3.2 (outside ground-to-air missile range) ... one of the comments about sr-71 being retired ... however that for desert storm, Schwarzkoph had request for sr-71 photo recon (even there was enormous amount of sat. and other photo recon).
desert storm lasted 42 days ... but only the last 100hrs were land war;
US had quickly achieved air superiority and GAO Desert Storm Air Power
study that US were destroying tanks, vehicles, installations effectively
at will ... and Iraqi tank crews were walking away from their tanks
because their tanks were such easily being targeted and destroyed.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_War
Later there were accounts of fierce tank battles where coalition forces received no damage ... but they don't mention if the Iraqi tanks had anybody home. Their are several accounts that Schwarzkopf had originally planned frontal tank battles until last tank standing.
Boyd is credited with the "left hook" desert storm battle plan ... which required a force to get behind the Republican Guard cutting them off from retreating. The left hook didn't arrive in time and Republican Guard managed to escape. I've pontificated that while Abrams M1 specs indicated that they could have easily accomplished the mission, possibly Boyd didn't realized how tightly tethered to supply/maintenance (aka for short distances they have speed but they needed frequent refueling and maintenance).
I use to sponsors Boyd's briefings at IBM ... past posts and URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
Note that US had supported Iraq in the Iran/Iraq war (Bush1 was vp and
former CIA director)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran-Iraq_War
including WMDs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_support_for_Iraq_during_the_Iran-Iraq_war
Sat. photo recon analyst (no SR-71) had notified the white house (Bush1)
that Iraq was marshaling forces for invasion of Kuwait. White House said
that Saddam had told them he would do no such thing and proceeded to
discredit the analyst. Then the analyst notified the white house that
Saddam was marshaling forces for invasion of Saudia Arabia, now the
white house has to choose between Saddam and Saudia Arabia.
https://www.amazon.com/Long-Strange-Journey-Intelligence-ebook/dp/B004NNV5H2/
last decade, cousin of (Bush2) White House chief of staff Card ... was
dealing with the Iraqis at the UN and was given evidence that WMDs had
been decommissioned and provided info to Card, Powell and others. She
wrote a book about then getting locked up in Texas military hospital
when she tried to take it public ... book published 2010.
https://www.amazon.com/EXTREME-PREJUDICE-Terrifying-Story-Patriot-ebook/dp/B004HYHBK2/
it turns out that the decommissioned WMDs tracing back to the US were
found shortly after the invasion ... but the information wasn't
declassified until 2014 (four yrs after Card's cousin book was
published)
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/10/14/world/middleeast/us-casualties-of-iraq-chemical-weapons.html
WMD posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#wmds
this references that military-industrial complex wanted the Iraq2 war so
badly that corporate reps were telling former soviet block countries
that if they voted for the invasion in the UN, they would get NATO
membership and (directed appropriation) USAID (that could only be used
for purchase of US arms)
https://www.amazon.com/Prophets-War-Lockheed-Military-Industrial-ebook/dp/B0047T86BA/
now there is apaprently nearly perfect status ... "perpetual war", from
one of Boyd "acolytes"
http://chuckspinney.blogspot.com/p/domestic-roots-of-perpetual-war.html
like an old "Star Trek" episode
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpetual_war
military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
perpetual war posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
Churchill wrote series of (supposedly) history books ... that got Nobel
prize for literature (fiction?, not for history). In one he describes
how Great Britain got into the mess in the middle east (needing supply
of oil). started with planning to move from 13.5in to 15in guns;
loc2012-14:
From the beginning there appeared a ship carrying ten 15-inch guns, and
therefore at least 600 feet long with room inside her for engines which
would drive her 21 knots and capacity to carry armour which on the
armoured belt, the turrets and the conning tower would reach the
thickness unprecedented in the British Service of 13 inches.
loc2087-89:
To build any large additional number of oil-burning ships meant basing
our naval supremacy upon oil. But oil was not found in appreciable
quantities in our islands. If we required it, we must carry it by sea in
peace or war from distant countries.
loc2151-56:
This led to enormous expense and to tremendous opposition on the Naval
Estimates. Yet it was absolutely impossible to turn back. We could only
fight our way forward, and finally we found our way to the Anglo-Persian
Oil agreement and contract, which for an initial investment of two
millions of public money (subsequently increased to five millions) has
not only secured to the Navy a very substantial proportion of its oil
supply, but has led to the acquisition by the Government of a
controlling share in oil properties and interests which are at present
valued at scores of millions sterling, and also to very considerable
economies, which are still continuing, in the purchase price of
Admiralty oil.
... snip ...
Then in the 50s, an Iran popular elected government wanted to examine
the terms of the British oil contract. Kermit Roosevelt
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kermit_Roosevelt,_Jr.
helps with coup that installs the Shah
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat
... and Schwarzkoph (senior) training of the secret police to help keep
Shah in power
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAVAK
misc. posts mentioning transition to 15-inch guns
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#78 The World Crisis, Vol. 1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#102 "Computer & Automation" later issues--anti-establishment thrust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#21 US and UK have staged coups before
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#23 Frieden calculator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#102 Chain of Title: How Three Ordinary Americans Uncovered Wall Street's Great Foreclosure Fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#39 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#72 A Coal Fire May Have Helped Sink the 'Titanic'
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: CBS News: WikiLeaks claims to release thousands of CIA documents of computer activity Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 09 Mar 2017 11:41:57 -0800re:
entites have been dancing through gov. secure networks for years, including retrieving detailed classified specifications on major weapon systems.
Report: China gained U.S. weapons secrets using cyberespionage
http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/28/world/asia/china-cyberespionage/
Confidential report lists U.S. weapons system designs compromised by
Chinese cyberspies
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/confidential-report-lists-us-weapons-system-designs-compromised-by-chinese-cyberspies/2013/05/27/a42c3e1c-c2dd-11e2-8c3b-0b5e9247e8ca_story.html
Also on the list is the most expensive weapons system ever built
-- the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, which is on track to cost about
$1.4 trillion. The 2007 hack of that project was reported previously.
... snip ...
REPORT: Chinese Hackers Stole Plans For Dozens Of Critical US Weapons
Systems
http://www.businessinsider.com/china-hacked-us-military-weapons-systems-2013-5
A list of the U.S. weapons designs and technologies compromised by
hackers
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/a-list-of-the-us-weapons-designs-and-technologies-compromised-by-hackers/2013/05/27/a95b2b12-c483-11e2-9fe2-6ee52d0eb7c1_story.html
From a press standpoint ... all these major compromises reportedly have come from Asia ... but for some reason, major news is constantly pointing fingers in other directions. There also seems to be misdirection with all the uproar about compromises of consumer goods ... when there is all this stuff about serious weapons systems.
Weapon systems will remain vulnerable to hackers for "decades," Air
Forces Cyber Commander says
https://www.fedscoop.com/weapon-systems-will-remain-vulnerable-to-hackers-for-decades-air-forces-cyber-commander-says/
China's State-Sponsored Cyber Attacks Must Stop
https://www.theglobalist.com/china-united-states-cyber-crime-politics/
Chinese hacked U.S. military contractors: Senate panel
http://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-military-cyberspying-idUSKBN0HC1TA20140918
Why China hacks the world
http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Asia-Pacific/2016/0131/Why-China-hacks-the-world
of course part of this is enormous outsourcing (frequently to "for profit" private-equity subsidiaries, that are under intense pressure to cut corners and provide revenue to their owners) that occurred last decade
AMEX had been in competition with KKR for private-equity LBO of RJR,
KKR wins, but runs into some problems and hires away the president
of AMEX to help
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbarians_at_the_Gate:_The_Fall_of_RJR_Nabisco
IBM has gone into the red and is being reorganized into the
13 baby blues for breaking up the company. The board then brings
in the former AMEX president to revese the breakup and resurrect
the company, using some of the same techniques at RJR
https://web.archive.org/web/20181019074906/http://www.ibmemployee.com/RetirementHeist.shtml
then the former AMEX president leaves IBM to head up major
private-equity company that buys the beltway bandit that will employ
Snowden. in intelligence, 70% of the budget and over half the people
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us
and the rapidly spreading success of failure culture (aka more
money from series of failures)
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
... OPM had also outsourced to one of the private-equity owned
subsidiaries
https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/06/24/opm-contractor-veritas/
https://fcw.com/articles/2015/06/24/house-oversight-opm.aspx
a lot of this seems similar to the motivation of the cal. data breach notification legislation ... the institutions with the major breaches were doing little or nothing about it, because the breaches didn't (directly) put the institution at risk ... it was the their customers or the public put at risk (aka normally institutions/individuals take security measures in self-protection)
military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
success of failure posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
data breach notification
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
at one end of the spectrum are claims that enabling the enemy, helps
support the military-industrial complex strategy of "perpetual war"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
AMEX, Private Equity, IBM related Gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
some past posts about being cyberdumb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#21 Credit card fraud solution coming to America...finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#4 Cyberdumb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#8 Cyberdumb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#19 Does Cybercrime Really Cost $1 Trillion?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#20 DEC and The Americans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#91 Computers anyone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#95 Computers anyone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#104 E.R. Burroughs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#104 How to Win the Cyberwar Against Russia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#0 Snowden
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#28 China's spies gain valuable US defense technology: report
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#40 The F-22 Raptor Is the World's Best Fighter (And It Has a Secret Weapon That Is Out in the Open)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#67 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#76 The F-35 Stealth Fighter Is Politically Unstoppable----Even Under President Trump
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#62 Big Shrink to "Hire" 25,000 in the US, as Layoffs Pile Up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#15 China's claim it has 'quantum' radar may leave $17 billion F-35 naked
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: curious: why S/360 & decendants are "big endian". Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 9 Mar 2017 16:25:41 -0800john.archie.mckown@GMAIL.COM (John McKown) writes:
prior to that, line-editing was from perspective of the user ... "up" moving towards the "top" (beginning) of the file and "down" was moving towards the "bottom" (end) of the file.
The side that had enhanced previous line editors to support 3270 fullscreen and preserved the up/down orientation (meaning).
A couple of "new" 3270 fullscreen editors, done from scratch, insisted on "up" was from the orientation of the program (not the user), the program would move the file up ... towards the bottom of the file or move the file "down" ... towards the top of the file (difference was` whether up/down was from the human perspective or the program/software perspective).
past posts mentioning fullscreen edit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#4 HONE, ****, misc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#66 Mainframe Spreadsheets - 1980's History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003b.html#45 hyperblock drift, was filesystem structure (long warning)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#36 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005u.html#58 Command reference for VM/370 CMS Editor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#56 AT&T Labs vs. Google Labs - R&D History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#28 Assembler question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#23 How to write a full-screen Rexx debugger?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#24 How to write a full-screen Rexx debugger?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#82 Interrupts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007n.html#32 What I miss in my OS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#42 What do YOU call the # sign?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#43 handling the SPAM on this group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008j.html#32 CLIs and GUIs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009s.html#46 DEC-10 SOS Editor Intra-Line Editing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#13 An Interview with Watts Humphrey, Part 6: The IBM 360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#57 An Interview with Watts Humphrey, Part 6: The IBM 360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#85 REXX "address" environments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#45 My first mainframe experience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#4 Announcement of the disk drive (1956)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#41 CMS load module format
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#53 Has anyone successfully migrated off mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#102 Typeface (font) and city identity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#24 spacewar
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Trump's S.E.C. Nominee Disclosure Offers Rare Glimpse of Clients and Conflicts Date: 09 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookTrump's S.E.C. Nominee Disclosure Offers Rare Glimpse of Clients and Conflicts
There is a difference between the revolving door insider that still has much of his career in front of him and dependent on the industry and an insider that has all the money he wants and has no further vested interest in protecting the industry. Also check on the history of the law firm, recent appointees as well back through supporting Hitler & Nazis in the 20s&30s and further back to the Panama Canal deal.
more revolving door:
The SEC's Revolving Door
http://www.pogo.org/our-work/reports/sec-revolving-door.html
http://www.pogo.org/our-work/reports/2013/dangerous-liaisons/overview.html
POGO found that, from 2001 through 2010, more than 400 SEC alumni
filed almost 2,000 disclosure forms saying they planned to represent
an employer or client before the agency. Those disclosures are just
the tip of the iceberg, because former SEC employees are required to
file them only during the first two years after they leave the agency.
... snip ...
Trump's SEC Pick Brings Conflicts of Interest
https://bol.bna.com/trumps-sec-pick-brings-conflicts-of-interest/
posts mentioninv revolving door:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#84 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#15 The Revolving Door and S.E.C. Enforcement
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#16 The Revolving Door and S.E.C. Enforcement
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#79 NASA proves once again that, for it, the impossible is not even difficult
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#40 Advice from Richard P. Feynman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#41 Advice from Richard P. Feynman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#15 Is the SEC Covering Up Wall Street Crimes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#20 Study shows powerful corporations really do control the world's finances
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#49 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#54 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#66 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#89 The Grand Message in the Conceptual Spiral
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#15 Stars for hire
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#35 Adair Turner: A New Debt-Free Money Advocate
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#19 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#42 More Whistleblower Leaks on Foreclosure Settlement Show Both Suppression of Evidence and Gross Incompetence
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#86 How Wall Street Defanged Dodd-Frank
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#28 Flag bloat
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#31 China mulls probe into IBM, Oracle, EMC after NSA hack claims - report
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#17 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#34 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#47 Stolen F-35 Secrets Now Showing Up in China's Stealth Fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#19 350 DBAs stare blankly when reminded super-users can pinch data
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#61 How Comp-Sci went from passing fad to must have major
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#6 NYT on Sony hacking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#83 Winslow Wheeler's War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#58 Neocons Guided Petraeus on Afghan War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#6 SEC's Andrew Bowden Regulatory Capture Scandal Hits the Major Leagues with Los Angeles Times Column
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#16 Retirement Heist
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#28 Bernie Sanders Proposes A Bill To Break Up The 'Too Big To Exist' Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#79 Greedy Banks Nailed With $5 BILLION+ Fine For Fraud And Corruption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#23 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#38 The real story of how the Internet became so vulnerable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#78 Fed agency blames giant hack on 'neglected' security system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#13 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#29 Eric Holder Returns as Hero to Law Firm That Lobbies for Big Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#36 Eric Holder, Wall Street Double Agent, Comes in From the Cold
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#64 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#28 Miniskirts and mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#100 Setting the writers right
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#123 IBM retirement fund
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#19 Banking; The Book That Will Save Banking From Itself
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#5 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#54 Mary Jo White Seriously Misled The US Senate To Become SEC Chair
posts mentioning law firm:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#11 UK government plans switch from Microsoft Office to open source
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#36 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#28 channel islands, definitely not the location of LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#62 IBM Data Processing Center and Pi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#13 Keydriven bit permutations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#69 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#86 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#13 Fully Restored WWII Fighter Plane Up for Auction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#29 Eric Holder Returns as Hero to Law Firm That Lobbies for Big Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#36 Eric Holder, Wall Street Double Agent, Comes in From the Cold
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#7 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#0 How Corporate America Invented Christian America; Inside one reverend's big business-backed 1940s crusade to make the country conservative again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#26 Putin's Great Crime: He Defends His Allies and Attacks His Enemies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#28 rationality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#119 For those who like to regress to their youth? :-)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#39 Failure as a Way of Life; The logic of lost wars and military-industrial boondoggles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#49 Corporate malfeasance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#64 Isolationism and War Profiteering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#75 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#78 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#79 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#11 Study: Cost of U.S. Regulations Larger Than Germany's Economy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#49 Fateful Choices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#88 "Computer & Automation" later issues--anti-establishment thrust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#27 British socialism / anti-trust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#56 "One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#94 The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#9 Wall Street Preparing Dodd-Frank Rule Workaround
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#2 Smedley Butler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#63 One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#54 Mary Jo White Seriously Misled The US Senate To Become SEC Chair
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: New phone scams Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 09 Mar 2017 18:16:17 -0800"J. Clarke" <j.clarke.873638@gmail.com> writes:
it also appears the large call centers get the list to program their computers for numbers not to call ... but then take the list offshore and (also) use it as list of numbers to call. Sometimes the caller-id looks like valid number but totally bogus, other times it looks like totally random number.
calls seem to be somewhat random sources ... although the highest count
is "payday loans" (I've pontificated before on lots of payday operations
have been funded by TBTF as means of skirting predatory loan
regulations). some posts mentioning "payday loans"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#98 dollar coins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#19 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#37 Sale receipt--obligatory?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#53 rationality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#58 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#8 "Too big to fail" was Malicious Cyber Activity
TBTF posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
congress considered most corrupt institution on earth:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#40 F.B.I. Faces New Setback in Computer Overhaul
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#88 taking down the machine - z9 series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#36 taking down the machine - z9 series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#58 History--automated payroll processing by other than a computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#69 Who is Really to Blame for the Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#14 Rare Apple I computer sells for $216,000 in London
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#16 Rare Apple I computer sells for $216,000 in London
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#53 TCM's Moguls documentary series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#55 America's Defense Meltdown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#20 Happy 100th Birthday, IBM!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#18 Congressional Bickering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#18 What Uncle Warren doesn't mention
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#68 computer bootlaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#20 Million Corporation march on Washington
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#80 A Close Look at the Perry Tax Plan
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#4 The men who crashed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#137 The High Cost of Failing Artificial Hips
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#5 We are on the brink of a historic decision [referring to defence cuts]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#0 Happy Challenger Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#58 Word Length
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#17 Let the IRS Do Your Taxes, Really
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#61 Zakaria: by itself, Buffett rule is good
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#47 How Selecting Voters Randomly Can Lead to Better Elections
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#14 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#27 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#33 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#86 Should the IBM approach be given a chance to fix the health care system?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#32 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#35 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#36 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#38 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#35 Search Google, 1960:s-style
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#70 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#87 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#69 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#80 'Big four' accountants 'use knowledge of Treasury to help rich avoid tax'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#81 Ireland feels the heat from Apple tax row
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#55 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#79 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#94 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#78 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#32 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#50 Broadband pricing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#81 No Internet. No Microsoft Windows. No iPods. This Is What Tech Was Like In 1984
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#1 weird apple trivia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#48 These are the companies abandoning the U.S. to dodge taxes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#80 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#96 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#10 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#13 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#48 Protecting Social Security from the Thieves in the Night
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#22 I Feel Old
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#24 1976 vs. 2016?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#32 I Feel Old
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#41 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#7 Study: Cost of U.S. Regulations Larger Than Germany's Economy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#55 Congress, most corrupt institution on earth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#76 GLBA & Glass-Steagall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#103 Minimum Wage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#97 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#41 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#77 Corporate Tax Rate
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: CBS News: WikiLeaks claims to release thousands of CIA documents of computer activity Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 10 Mar 2017 07:59:08 -0800"J. Clarke" <j.clarke.873638@gmail.com> writes:
I remember when DHS first absorbed secret service ... there was complaints that DHS had redirected something like 30% of secret service budget to help pay for DHS hdqtrs overhead ... and that diverting that much money would seriously affect secret service capability (people, operations, moral, etc). There were number of reports that DHS had created enormous, expensive bureaucratic overhead.
misc. past posts mentioning secret service
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#54 PKI and Non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#9 New airline security measures in Europe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#33 New attacks on the financial PIN processing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#0 Patent buster for a method that increases password security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#11 Secret Service plans IT reboot
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#12 Secret Service plans IT reboot
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#13 Secret Service plans IT reboot
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#18 Secret Service plans IT reboot
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#37 More calumny: "Secret Service Uses 1980s Mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#59 More calumny: "Secret Service Uses 1980s Mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#63 More calumny: "Secret Service Uses 1980s Mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#1 More calumny: "Secret Service Uses 1980s Mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#59 More calumny: "Secret Service Uses 1980s Mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#0 CARD AUTHENTICATION TECHNOLOGY - Embedded keypad on Card - Is this the future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#2 Fun with ATM Skimmers, Part III
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#0 Cyberwar vs. Cyber-Espionage vs. Cybercrime
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#74 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#69 Why is the US a decade behind Europe on 'chip and pin' cards?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#17 Online Debit, Credit Fraud Will Soon Get Much Worse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#51 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The Blockchain Will Do to the Financial System What the Internet Did to Media Date: 10 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookThe Blockchain Will Do to the Financial System What the Internet Did to Media
Financial industry has been fighting disruptive changes for a long time. Rhetoric on the floor of congress for GLBA (now better known for repeal of Glass-Steagall, enabling too big to fail) was that if you already had banking charter, you got to keep it, but if you didn't already have banking charter, you couldn't get on (help block competition with new, more efficient technology).
Note that TARP was originally appropriated to buy too big to fail offbook toxic assets. However, with just $700B appropriated, it would hardly dent the problem, just the four largest TBTF had $5.2T offbook toxic assets the end of 2008. TARP was then used for other purposes (which may have been what was planned all along) and Federal Reserve was left to bailout the TBTF, buying trillions of offbook toxic assets at 98cents on the dollar and providing tens of trillions in ZIRP funds. As it turns out some of Federal Reserve's TBTF friends didn't have banking charters (which was required to partake of the largess), Federal Reserve then hands them banking charters, theoretically in violation of GLBA.
Too Big To Fail posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
Glass-Steagall posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall
Folklore is that wallstreet had contributed $250M to congress, about evenly divided between the two parties ... so congress "owed" them GLBA.
Jan2009, I was asked to HTML'ize the Pecora Hearings (30s congressional hearings into '29 crash, resulted in criminal convictions and Glass-Steagall) with lots of internal links and URLs between what happened this time and what happened then (comments that the new congress might have an appetite to do something). I work on it for awhile and then get a call that it won't be needed after all (references to enormous mountains of wallstreet cash totally burying capital hill).
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Stop Believing in the Many Myths of the Iraq Surge Date: 10 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookStop Believing in the Many Myths of the Iraq Surge
Baqubah 2007-2008 worse than Fallujah 2004-2005 ... but because
administration said things were better, didn't get much coverage.
https://www.amazon.com/Battle-Baqubah-Killing-Our-Way-ebook/dp/B007VBBS9I/
A lot of the surge was the airlift of billions in pallets of shrink
wrapped $100 bills for tribute/bribes (somewhere between $16B and
$60B, there was lot of skimming by other factions along the way),
things were going to revert as soon as the tribute/bribes stopped
(seems almost out of Roman Empire). says here $40B, but others have
claimed $60B
http://www.cnbc.com/id/45031100
CIA director refuses to approve "Team B" (including Wolfowitz, later
claimed to be primary architect of Iraq policy in the new century)
analysis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_B
white house chief of staff Rumsfeld then replaces CIA director with
somebody that will agree (Bush1), Rumsfeld then becomes SECDEF and his
assistant Cheney becomes white house chief of staff. Later Bush1 is VP
and he and Rumsfeld are helping support Iraq (including WMDs, notice
picture of Rumsfeld with Saddam):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_support_for_Iraq_during_the_Iran-Iraq_war
sat. photo recon analyst notifies white house (bush1 now president &
Cheney SECDEF) that Saddam is marshaling forces to invade
Kuwait. White House says that Saddam has told them that he would do no
such thing (and proceeds to discredit the analyst). Then the analyst
notifies the white house that Saddam is marshaling forces to invade
Saudi Arabia, now the white house has to choose between Saddam and
Saudis.
https://www.amazon.com/Long-Strange-Journey-Intelligence-ebook/dp/B004NNV5H2/
start of century, white house chief of staff Card's cousin is dealing
with Iraq in the UN and given proof that the WMDs have been
decommissioned, which is supplied to Card, Powell and others. The
cousin is then locked up in military hospital. Finally gets out and
publishes book in 2010, including decommissioned WMDs.
https://www.amazon.com/EXTREME-PREJUDICE-Terrifying-Story-Patriot-ebook/dp/B004HYHBK2/
White house initially justifies Iraq invasion based on claimed support
for Al-Queda and that it would only cost $50B (there was going to be
that much in shrink wrapped $100s). later they switch the
justification to WMDs. The decommissioned WMDs tracing back to the US
were found early in the invasion, but the information was classified
until the fall of 2014 (4yrs after Card's cousin book was published).
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/10/14/world/middleeast/us-casualties-of-iraq-chemical-weapons.html
Current estimate for the two wars is expected to exceed $5T (with long term veterans care and benefits, aka a factor of 100 times greater)
team b posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#team.b
WMDs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#wmds
military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
perpetual war posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Profitable Companies, No Taxes: Here's How They Did It Date: 10 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookProfitable Companies, No Taxes: Here's How They Did It
2002, Congress lets fiscal responsibility act lapse (spending can't exceed tax revenue, on its way to eliminating all federal debt). 2010 CBO report, 2003-2009 taxes were reduced by $6T and spending increased by $6T for $12T gap compared to fiscal responsible budget. A big part of the spending increase was for the two wars (first time taxes were cut to not pay for two wars). Analysis of the DOD spending increase ... included an extra $1+T that they can't find what it was used for (seemed to have gone in one end of the pentagon and just disappears). Since then, taxes weren't restored and only modest spending cuts, so federal debt continues to increase ... and interest on the debt is pushing half trillion. If they raise taxes by a trillion to cover interest and pay down the debt (@$20T), it will take around 30yrs to partially correct the damage letting the fiscal responsibility act lapse.
Besides all the *legal* tax evasion created last decade, in 2009 the IRS reported that it was going after $400B taxes owed on illegal tax evasion by 52,000 wealthy Amereicans. Spring of 2011, the new congress announces it was eliminating the IRS budget for recovering those taxes. Since then there has been periodic news about billion or two fines on TBTF that facilitated the illegal tax evasion ... but nothing on recovering the $400B.
fiscal responsibility act
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fiscal.responsibility.act
tax evasion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#tax.evasion
too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
recent related "flat tax" discussion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#41 Trump to sign cyber security order
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Profitable Companies, No Taxes: Here's How They Did It Date: 11 Mar 2017 Blog: Facebookre:
cross-over from recent military group on Iraq surge
A lot of the surge was the airlift of billions in pallets of shrink
wrapped $100 bills for tribute/bribes (somewhere between $16B and
$60B, there was lot of skimming by other factions along the way),
things were going to revert as soon as the tribute/bribes stopped
(seems almost out of Roman Empire). says here $40B, but others have
claimed $60B
http://www.cnbc.com/id/45031100
CIA director refuses to approve "Team B" (including Wolfowitz, later
claimed to be primary architect of Iraq policy in the new century)
analysis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_B
white house chief of staff Rumsfeld then replaces CIA director with
somebody that will agree (Bush1), Rumsfeld then becomes SECDEF and his
assistant Cheney becomes white house chief of staff. Later Bush1 is VP
and he and Rumsfeld are helping support Iraq (including WMDs, notice
picture of Rumsfeld with Saddam):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_support_for_Iraq_during_the_Iran-Iraq_war
sat. photo recon analyst notifies white house (bush1 now president &
Cheney SECDEF) that Saddam is marshaling forces to invade
Kuwait. White House says that Saddam has told them that he would do no
such thing (and proceeds to discredit the analyst). Then the analyst
notifies the white house that Saddam is marshaling forces to invade
Saudi Arabia, now the white house has to choose between Saddam and
Saudis.
https://www.amazon.com/Long-Strange-Journey-Intelligence-ebook/dp/B004NNV5H2/
start of century, white house chief of staff Card's cousin is dealing
with Iraq in the UN and given proof that the WMDs have been
decommissioned, which is supplied to Card, Powell and others. The
cousin is then locked up in military hospital. Finally gets out and
publishes book in 2010, including decommissioned WMDs.
https://www.amazon.com/EXTREME-PREJUDICE-Terrifying-Story-Patriot-ebook/dp/B004HYHBK2/
White house initially justifies Iraq invasion based on claimed support
for Al-Queda and that it would only cost $50B (there was going to be
that much in shrink wrapped $100s). later they switch the
justification to WMDs. The decommissioned WMDs tracing back to the US
were found early in the invasion, but the information was classified
until the fall of 2014 (4yrs after Card's cousin book was published).
http://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2014/10/14/world/middleeast/us-casualties-of-iraq-chemical-weapons.html
Current estimate for the two wars is expected to exceed $5T (with long term veterans care and benefits, aka a factor of 100 times greater)
Military-industrial complex wanted the Iraq invasion so badly that
corporate reps were telling former soviet block countries that if they
voted for the invasion in the UN, they would get NATO membership and
(directed appropriation) USAID (that could only be spent on modern US
arms). From law of unintended consequences ... in the invasion, they
were told to bypass ammo dumps looking for WMDs. When they got around
to going back, a million metric tons had evaporated. Later started
seeing large artillery shell IEDs ... even taking out Abrams
https://www.amazon.com/Prophets-War-Lockheed-Military-Industrial-ebook/dp/B0047T86BA/
Part of the analysis was that Iraq had learned from "Desert Storm" to minimize targets for US air power. GAO Desert Storm Air Effectiveness study included Iraqis walking away from their tanks because they were sitting ducks for US air strikes. Desert Storm was 42 days, only last 100hrs was land war. Tremendous tank battles with coalition forces taking no damage, don't mention whether the Iraqis tanks had anybody home.
Baqubah 2007-2008 was worse than Fallujah 2004-2005, but because administration said it was better, it didn't get coverage
"Battle for Baqubah" has Abrams so vulnerable, that they took to
running the route before taking Abrams out
https://www.amazon.com/Battle-Baqubah-Killing-Our-Way-ebook/dp/B007VBBS9I/
loc5243-54:
I saw other Bradleys and M1 Abrams main battle tanks, the pride of the
1st Cavalry Division -- vehicles that, if back at Fort Hood, would be
parked meticulously on line, tarps tied tight, gun barrels lined up,
track line spotless, not so much as a drop of oil on the white
cement. What I saw that day was row after row of mangled tan steel as
if in a junkyard that belonged to Satan himself.
... snip ...
team b posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#team.b
WMDs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#wmds
military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
perpetual war posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
and some on the economic mess:
VP and former CIA director claims no knowledge of
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran-Contra_affair
because he was fulltime administration point person deregulating financial industry ... creating S&L crisis
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savings_and_loan_crisis
along with other members of his family
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savings_and_loan_crisis#Silverado_Savings_and_Loan
and another
http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9D0CE0D81E3BF937A25753C1A966958260
Republicans and Saudis bailing out the Bushes
another family member then presides over the economic mess 70 times larger than the S&L crisis. S&L crisis had 1000 criminal convictions with jailtime, proportionally the economic mess should have 70,000.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#s&l.crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
letting fiscal responsibility act lapse 2002 seems to be confluence of (at least) 1) federal reserve and wall street wanted huge federal debt, 2) wall street and large corporations wanting huge tax cuts (and willing to pay huge bucks to congress for the cuts) and 3) military-industrial complex wanted huge increase in spending
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Formed by Megafloods, This Place Fooled Scientists for Decades Date: 11 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookFormed by Megafloods, This Place Fooled Scientists for Decades
Long-time computer co-worker (we were both at the IBM Science Center at MIT for most of the 70s and both transferred to IBM San Jose Research in the late 70s). He came up with theory about "tektites" found around a lot of southern US, were result of very large meteor that hit in Gulf of Mexico. He fought a long hard battle to get paper published in geology science journal (we use to go tektite hunting with him along Texas backroads).
There is a "bullying" book and apple app about him
http://downloads.zdnet.com/product/31709-75651341/
Loads of pre-Internet emails, anecdotes and other computer science
archival material, 12 video interviews with Edson Hendricks and 3
audio interviews of author/composer Leanne Jones, exploration of the
"genius" and "inventive" mind, predicting the future, first email
virus, advice to programmers, the origin of tektites, and so much
more.Ideal for all ages, especially clever children 6+ and anyone with
an interest in Internet history and inventing. How was the Internet
really invented?
... snip ...
also
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edson_Hendricks
It's Cool To Be Clever, The story of Edson C. Hendricks
Years later, Edson's strange capacity to think like a machine helps
him create a new way for computers to communicate. His
"connectionless" network design paves the way for today's Internet.
https://www.amazon.com/Its-Cool-Be-Clever-Hendricks/dp/1897435630/
IT'S COOL TO BE CLEVER tells the true story of an inquisitive boy in
the 1950s who doesn't fit in at school. Edson Hendricks is bullied
because he is so smart (people accuse him of getting answers from his
father who is the principal) and has red hair. He finds comfort in an
imaginary world where he has machine parts, and no internal organs or
emotions.
... snip ...
trivia: I had project I called "high speed data transport" and we were
working with director of NSF and were suppose to get $20M to
interconnect the NSF supercomputer centers. Then congress cuts the
budget, some other things happened and eventually NSF releases an
RFP. As the regional networks connect into the centers, it grows into
the NSFNET "backbone" (precursor to the modern internet) ... some old
related email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#hsdt
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 11 Mar 2017 15:44:52 -0800Jon Elson <elson@pico-systems.com> writes:
360/67 muiltiprocessor partially mitigated it ... allowing channel i/o and processors to have independent paths to memory.
360/67 (single processor), 360/65, and 360/65MP, processors, i/o, etc all shared common path to all memory.
you can see some of that in the 360/67 functional specifications giving instructions timings ... every instruction on multiprocessor memory access having slightly higher memory access.
a 360/67 "half-duplex" (multiprocessor memory, channel i/o etc ... but only one processor) would have slightly slower raw MIP rate compared to a straight simplex 360/67 (or 360/65) .... but under heavy i/o load could have higher effective throughput .... because both I/O and processor have paths to each memory storage units.
the actual timing gets more complex as distance from specific processor to specific storage unit also contributes to latency
much longer discussion pg28, in two-processor system, each storage unit
can have four independent paths (one for each processor and one for each
processor's i/o controller)
http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/360/functional_characteristics/A27-2719-0_360-67_funcChar.pdf
there is little bit longer discussion, pg29-pg39 in
http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/360/functional_characteristics/GA27-2719-2_360-67_funcChar.pdf
if all concurrent instruction & I/O was to the address range in single storage unit .... then thruput would be limited by access to that single unit .... however could have concurrent access to four different storage units (multiprocessor configuration could have up to eight 2365-12 storage units for 2mbytes total) and effective concurrent memory transfer rate of up to nearly four times that of "simplex" 360/67 (or 360/65s).
some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 12 Mar 2017 11:37:29 -0700Jon Elson <elson@pico-systems.com> writes:
at univ. with 360/67 (single processor) with 768kbytes (three 2365-2 memory banks ... only one memory interface shared with processor & i/o) ... I played with (virtual machine) cp67 and the IBM SE played with tss/360. We created a synthetic benchmark that simulated fortran program edit, compile and executed. I ran it with cp67 and 35 simulated users had been interactive response and higher throughput than tss/360 had with 4 simulated users. Note this was before I did significant peformance enhancements to cp67, greatly cut kernel pathlengths, implemented ordered seek and rotational position for I/O (rather than pure FIFO) and redid page replacement algorithms and scheduling algorithms.
old posts about SHARE presentation on some of the (later) pathlength
changes I made to CP67 at the univ.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#18 CP/67 & OS MFT14
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#22 Pre S/360 IBM Operating Systems?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/97.html#28 IA64 Self Virtualizable?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#21 Reviving the OS/360 thread (Questions about OS/360)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#93 MVS vs HASP vs JES (was 2821)
Later tss/360 would claim that it was the only operating system that would get 3.8 times more throughput on 2-processor than on single processor. With little obfuscation and misdirection could almost imply it was because 2-processor had effectively four times memory bandwith than "simplex" (i.e. each memory bank had four separate paths, one for each processor and one for each set of channel controllers). However, it really was that tss/360 was so huge and bloated ... that on single processor (with only 1mbyte memory), TSS/360 was still heavily page thrashing. Going to 2processor also went to 2mbyte real memory ... which reduced the page thrashing and tss/360 got higher effective throughput (than single processor), but still neither processor ran at 100% cpu utilization.
Part of the reason that cp67 ran with such more actual throughput than tss/360 ... is that it regularly ran at 100% cpu utilization ... even with all my enhancements ... significantly reducing kernel cpu pathlength and utilization .... helped by improving I/O efficiency and paging and scheduling algorithms. This is also why a "half-duplex" 360/67 could outperform a simplex ... since it could get nearly twice the memory throughput (with each memory bank having independent path for processor and I/O) and was running at 100% processor busy.
Other trivia, 360/67 multiprocessor had all channels addressable by all processors (in addition to all memory addressable). 360/65MP had all memory addressable by both processors (but didn't have independent memory bus for each processor and set of channels to each memory bank). However, it only simulated multiprocessor i/o. Each 360/65MP processor still had dedicated I/O channels ... and to simulate multiprocessor i/o configuration it required multi-channel controllers ... which could have two channel connections ... each connected to dedicated channel for each processor.
some recent related posts in thread over in comp.arch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#26 Multitasking, together with OS operations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#29 Multitasking, together with OS operations
other trivia: move to 370 ... multiprocessor was the 360/65MP subset (not the 360/67 flavor) ... but the machines had caches. Standard 370 multiprocessor slowed down processor cycles by 10% ... to provide extra cycles for caches to help handle cross-cashe invalidation signals ... so basic 370 multiprocessor started out 1.8 times that of single processor.
I've mentioned before that the initial morph of cp67 into vm370, they
simplified and dropped a bunch of cp67 (including bunch of the stuff
that I had done as undergraduate and included in cp67 ... and
multiprocessor support). some old email about migrating my stuff to
VM370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430
posts about scheduling work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare
posts about paging algorithms
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#clock
I then got sucked into do multiprocessor support. I mentioned before that one of my hobbies was distributed&supporting enhanced operating systems for internal datacenters and one of my long time customers was (online, world-wide online sales&marketing support) HONE ... some past posts https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
In the mid-70s all the US HONE datacenters were consolidated in Palo
Alto and they developed large disk farm with single-system cluster
support ... each disk bank having eight channel connections to eight
different systems ... front end that load-balanching logon across the
systems (possibly largest single system cluster support in the world)
... and all processors running saturated. They wanted to add 2nd
processor to each system ... to (theoretically) double processor
capacity. I did multiprocessor support with some cache affinity
features and i/o interrupt batching .... that improved cache hit rates
... so even tho each processor was only running at .9 a single
processor ... the improved cache hit rate more than offset the machine
cycle slowdown ... so each processor in two processor system was
getting higher MIP rate (than single processor version, because of the
higher cache hit rate). all sorts of SMP processor posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
trivia: one facebook first moved into silicon valley (before buying the old SUN campus) ... it was into new bldg built next door to the old HONE datacenter.
more trivia: while I could show 2-processor 370 getting better than twice single processor ... at the time, MVS documentation claimed 1.3-1.5 throughput of single processor. MVS was still pretty much the OS/360 360/65MP single global kernel spin-lock and huge amount of constant SIGP overhead ... one processor constantly signalling the other processor.
Later in the 3081, they changed VM/SP multiprocessor to add a huge number of SIGPs (constant one processor signalling the other processor for some trivial, unimportant reason drastically driving up multiprocessor overhead, interrupts killing cache hit rate, etc). Customers moving from the previous release to the new (sigp intensive) release saw at least 10% throughput decline.
They had attempted to obfuscate the SIGP change degradation with some
optimization of how 3270 terminal I/O was done. However, there were
some customers that were all ascii glass-teletype ... including a very
large 3-letter gov. agency (SHARE installation code "CAD") ... where
the release transition was especially noticable. old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#email830420
in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#57 any 70's era supercomputers that ran as slow as today's supercomputers?
some old posts mentiong SHARE installation code "CAD"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#20 Operating System, what is it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#31 I/O Optimization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#51 Search for first Web page takes detour into US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#10 EBCDIC and the P-Bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#19 A Brief History of Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#69 PDCA vs. OODA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#58 The CIA's new "family jewels": Going back to Church?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#36 Semi-OT: Government snooping was Re: Is there any MF shop using AWS service?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#78 Firefox 32 supports Public Key Pinning
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#39 Virtual Memory Management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#5 Remember 3277?
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: New phone scams Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 12 Mar 2017 12:14:05 -0700"J. Clarke" <j.clarke.873638@gmail.com> writes:
Berkeley Will Delete Online Content
https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2017/03/06/u-california-berkeley-delete-publicly-available-educational-content
The Justice Department, following an investigation, in August determined
that the university was violating the Americans With Disabilities Act of
1990. The department reached that conclusion after receiving complaints
from two employees of Gallaudet University, saying Berkeley's free
online educational content was inaccessible to blind and deaf people
because of a lack of captions, screen reader compatibility and other
issues.
....
"In many cases the requirements proposed by the department would require
the university to implement extremely expensive measures to continue to
make these resources available to the public for free," Koshland wrote
in a Sept. 20 statement. "We believe that in a time of substantial
budget deficits and shrinking state financial support, our first
obligation is to use our limited resources to support our enrolled
students. Therefore, we must strongly consider the unenviable option of
whether to remove content from public access."
... snip ...
Berkeley
http://news.berkeley.edu/2017/03/01/course-capture/
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: WikiLeaks CIA Dump: Washington's Data Security Is a Mess Date: 12 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookWikiLeaks CIA Dump: Washington's Data Security Is a Mess
some amount of wikileaks and russians is obfuscation and misdirection away from fundamental systemic problems ("cyberdumb") involving private-equity for-profit companies and asia. foes have been dancing through gov. secure networks for years, including retrieving detailed classified specifications on major weapon systems.
Report: China gained U.S. weapons secrets using cyberespionage
http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/28/world/asia/china-cyberespionage/
Confidential report lists U.S. weapons system designs compromised by
Chinese cyberspies
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/confidential-report-lists-us-weapons-system-designs-compromised-by-chinese-cyberspies/2013/05/27/a42c3e1c-c2dd-11e2-8c3b-0b5e9247e8ca_story.html
Also on the list is the most expensive weapons system ever built --
the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, which is on track to cost about $1.4
trillion. The 2007 hack of that project was reported previously.
... snip ...
REPORT: Chinese Hackers Stole Plans For Dozens Of Critical US Weapons
Systems
http://www.businessinsider.com/china-hacked-us-military-weapons-systems-2013-5
A list of the U.S. weapons designs and technologies compromised by
hackers
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/a-list-of-the-us-weapons-designs-and-technologies-compromised-by-hackers/2013/05/27/a95b2b12-c483-11e2-9fe2-6ee52d0eb7c1_story.html
From a press standpoint ... all these major compromises reportedly have come from Asia ... but for some reason, major news is constantly pointing fingers in other directions. There also seems to be misdirection with all the uproar about compromises of consumer electronics ... when there is all this stuff about serious weapons systems.
other part of the problem is the enormous outsourcing to for-profit
companies last decade, frequently subsidiaries of private-equity
companies (under intense pressure to cut corners and generate profit
for their owners), including the beltway bandit that will employ
Snowden ... 70% of the budget and over half the people
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us
and the rapidly spreading Success of Failure culture ... multiple
failures generate more profit than success
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
frequent failures also enables perpetual war
http://chuckspinney.blogspot.com/p/domestic-roots-of-perpetual-war.html
We were tangentially involved in success of failure ... but didn't know it at the time. 2002, IC-ARDA (since renamed IARPA) releases an unclassified BAA that basically said that none of the tools they had did the job. Just before it closes, we get a call asking us to respond. We get a response in before it closes and have several meetings demonstrating that can do what is needed ... and then nothing. When success of failure starts to break, we conjecture that they allowed the BAA to be released, assuming nobody would respond and shutdown the complaints (also wonder what happened to the person that called asking for us to respond).
OPM was also private-equity subsidiary
https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/06/24/opm-contractor-veritas/
https://fcw.com/articles/2015/06/24/house-oversight-opm.aspx
recent shared memory from 7Mar2015:
conference late 90s (almost 20yrs ago) there were references to CIA pivoting to cyber, however some people expressed great deal of skepticism because there weren't the skills or orientation. there were comments about lots of federal agencies claiming move to cyber as excuse for new funding. all that was apparently side-tracked when the funding buzzword became terrorism
CIA to make sweeping structural changes with focus on cyber operations
https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2015/mar/06/cia-sweeping-structure-changes-cyber-operations
success of failure posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
perpetual war posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#perpetual.war
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 13 Mar 2017 10:08:42 -0700jmfbahciv <See.above@aol.com> writes:
as previously mentioned OS/360/65MP had global kernel spin-lock ... so
only processor executed in the kernel at a time (simplified all the
changes serialization changes to the kernel but seriously limited
amount of parallelization). That accounted for the push back from the
POK favorite son operating system (OS/360 MVT) push back on needed
compare&swap for SMP (test&set was more than sufficient) ... and carried
forward into 370 SMP MVS ... that throughput could be 1.2 to 1.5 times
simplex (i.e. 370 hardware clock slowed down 10% for listening for
cross-cache invalidation, hardware only 1.8 times, large amount of
softwarre SIGP signaling interrupts overhead, and very poor
parallelization, lack of fine-grain locking).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
One of the things limiting further scale-up on cache machines was all the cache consistency protocol chatter ... two-processors mean signaling from one other processor, four processors mean signaling from three other processors, N-way means signaling from N-1 processors. SEQUENT had done a lot of cache protocol optimization for its 32-way SMP DYNIX.
I got pulled into some of the SLAC meetings for SCI .. which used
serial fiber for memory bus and cache protocol ... and directory based
cache consistency protocol. And then had quite a few dealings with
SEQUENT ... when they were working on their 256-way SCI exemplar. One
of the things that they claimed was they had done nearly only the work
on (windows) NT for fine-grain locking to get NT scale-up to 8-way
(that they offered as alternative to DYNIX on their SMP systems)
... this is server-based operations that already have highly
parallelized applications (like DBMS, aka m'soft had bought their
sql-server from SYBASE). upthread post mentioning SCI
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#73 The ICL 2900
Decade ago there is the story about head of microsoft complaining to
Intel SVP that they have to stop all this multi-core stuff and return
to increasingly faster single processor systems ... because
application parallel programming was "too hard" (desktop, client,
etc). past quote from Intel SVP Gelsinger about multi-core
conversation with head of Microsoft saying parallel program was "too
hard"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#78 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#42 Panic in Multicore Land
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#15 Why do people say "the soda loop is often depicted as a simple loop"?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#44 Monopoly/ Cartons of Punch Cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#48 New HD
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#85 Parallel programming may not be so daunting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#118 By the time we get to 'O' in OODA
in recent upthread post ... i had mentioned doing vm370 2-way SMP for
HONE with some cache affinity ... getting better than 2-times (because
of improved cache hit rate)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#45 The ICL 2900
there is recent thread over in comp.arch about doing various cache affinity strategies getting significant throughput improvements.
related to modern strategies is periodic comment that current memory
latencies (cache miss) .... when measured in count of processor cycles
... is comparable to 60s disk latency, when measured in count of 60s
processor cycles. Some current processor throughput face similar
issues that 60s systems faced when waiting for disk i/o ... recent
references:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#13 follow up to dense code definition
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#29 Virtualization's Past Helps Explain Its Current Importance
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2017 09:32:38 -0700scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:
wiki
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Coherent_Interface
memory bus was 64-port .... sequent and data general did 4 processor board with shared cache and 64 boards (for 256 processors total) interfaced to SCI.
futurebus contributes to SCI for I/O
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurebus
Futurebus effort did act as a catalyst for simpler serial
technologies. A group then organized to create a system aimed directly
at this need, which eventually led to Scalable Coherent Interface
(SCI). Meanwhile, another member decided to simple re-create the entire
concept on a much simpler basis, which resulted in QuickRing. Due to the
simplicity of these standards, both standards were completed before
Futurebus+. Futurebus+ was ahead of its time in the 1980s. VME and other
parallel bus standards are still trying to adapt concepts that are
implemented in the Futurebus, specially in high performance
applications.
... snip ...
contributing to Next Generation I/O and eventually Inifiniband
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/InfiniBand
In the late 80s, I got dragged into LANL standardization for (parallel) HIPPI, LLNL standardization for (serial) FCS, and SLAC standardization for SCI ... as well as working on cluster scale-up for our HA/CMP product (both technical/scientific with national labs and commercial with RDBMS vendors).
old reference to Jan1992 meeting in Ellison's conference room on
commercial cluster scale-up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
we had also been working with (IBM) Hursley 80mbit serial copper I/O and
wanted it to evolved in fractional speed interoperability with FCS (but
it evolves into incompatible SSA instead) ... recent reference:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#73 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#75 The ICL 2900
within weeks of the Ellison meeting, the cluster scale-up is transferred
to IBM Kingston, announced as IBM supercomputer for technical/scientific
*ONLY* and we are told we can't work on anything with more than four
processors. some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
press from 17Feb1992, *scientific and technical* only
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1
and 11May1992 "IBM" *caught by surprise* by national lab interest in
cluster supercomputers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters2
ha/cmp posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
I've mentioned before getting con'ed into do 4341 (RAIN) benchmarks
for national lab that was interested in getting 70 4341s for compute farm
... sort of leading edge of the cluster supercomputer tsunami
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#email790220
other old 4341 email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#4341
background leading up to the transfer ... was there was operation in Kingston lab that had responsibility for supercomputer ... they were working on design ... but they were also providing financing to Chen supercomputing. End of Oct1991, the senior corporate VP supporting the Kingston supercomputer operation retires. There is then audits and reviews of all the projects supported by the retired VP. After that they start scouring the corporation for technology that could be used for supercomputer.
In any case, we leave IBM later in 1992. Later in the 90s, Steve Chen is
CTO at Sequent and we are brought in as consultants (all before IBM
buys and shutdowns Sequent). misc. past posts mentioning Steve Chen
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#70 CM-5 Thinking Machines, Supercomputers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004b.html#19 Worst case scenario?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#12 Steve Chen Making China's Supercomputer Grid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#38 Wanted: info on old Unisys boxen
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#5 Is SUN going to become x86'ed ??
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#7 IBM in Talks to Buy Sun
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009s.html#5 While watching Biography about Bill Gates on CNBC last Night
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009s.html#42 Larrabee delayed: anyone know what's happening?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009s.html#59 Problem with XP scheduler?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#71 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#68 Entry point for a Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#70 Entry point for a Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#47 Nonlinear systems and nonlocal supercomputing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#48 Nonlinear systems and nonlocal supercomputing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#61 IBM to announce new MF's this year
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#24 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#7 IBM Watson's Ancestors: A Look at Supercomputers of the Past
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011o.html#79 Why are organizations sticking with mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#13 AMC proposes 1980s computer TV series Halt & Catch Fire
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#65 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#73 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#6 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#71 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#74 100 boxes of computer books on the wall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#10 the legacy of Seymour Cray
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Mainframes after Future System Date: 14 Mar 2017 Blog: Facebook3033 and 3081 were Q&D projects kicked off at the same time at the death of Future Systems ... to get something quickly back into 370 product pipeline (lack of products during the FS period is credited with giving clone makers market foothold). 3033 was 168-3 logic mapped to 20% faster chips. 3081 was some warmed over FS technology that involved an enormous number of circuits (significantly worse performance than competition). Some long-winded analysis from the period
We had a 16-way 370 multprocessor project and con'ed the 3033
processor engineers into working on it in their spare time ... a lot
more interesting than the 3033. Everbody thought it was really great,
until somebody got around to telling the head of POK that it could be
decades before the POK favorite son operating system had effective
16-way support. Then the head of POK invites some of us to never visit
POK again (and directs the 3033 processor engineers to stop being
distracted). Mainframe 16-way finally ships in 2000 (nearly 25yrs
later). past SMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
there was 3092 service processor for the 3090 ... actually a pair of 4361s running customized version of vm370/cms release 6, with all service screens done in cms IOS3270. Part of the issue that when the 3081 service processor had all software done barebones from scratch, which was major software development effort. The original justification for service processor was that FE had a scoping incremental bootstrapped diagnostic. Use scope to diagnose failure and identify unit(s) to be replaced. With the change to TCM (all electronics inside thermal unit). Service processor could be scoped and diagnosed ... and then service processor had huge number of probes into the TCMs (to diagnose TCM failures).
For 303x channel director they used 158 engine with integrated channel microcode and w/o the 370 microcode. A 3031 was 158 engine with 370 microcode (and w/o integrated channel microcode) and a 2nd 158 engine with integrated channel microcde (and w/o 370 microcode). A 3031 was slightly faster than 158-3 since it had separate engines to run the processor and channel microcode. A 3032 was 168-3 with new covers and configured to work with 303x channel director (as external channels). A 3033 was 168-3 logic remapped to 20% faster chips and 303x channel director for external channels.
Endicott came out with 4341 which was faster than 3031, was much less expensive had much smaller footprint and environmentals. A cluster of 4341s was faster than 3033, much less expensive and much smaller footprint and environmentals. At one point POK was so threatened by 4341, it convinced corporate to cut allocation of critical 4341 manufacturing component in half.
Large corporations started ordering hundreds of 4341s at a time for placing out in departmental areas .... sort of the leading edge of the distributed computing tsunami (including IBM, departmental conference rooms were becoming scarce commodity because they were being converted to 4341 rooms).
I also got con'ed into doing 4341 benchmarks for national lab that was looking at getting 70 for compute farm (leading edge of the cluster supercomputer tsunami).
old 4341 email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#4341
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: F-35 Replacement: F-45 Mustang II Fighter -- Simple & Lightweight Date: 14 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookIt's Time to Turn the Page on the F-35: Here's How
major part of F16 was relaxed stability ... requiring fly-by-wire to
provide control & maneuverability
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaxed_stability
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly-by-wire
Analog computers also allowed some customization of flight control characteristics, including relaxed stability. This was exploited by the early versions of F-16, giving it impressive maneuverability.
https://www.nae.edu/Publications/Bridge/CentennialofAviation/TechnologyandtheF-16FightingFalconJetFighter.aspx
in the 80s, Boyd would talk about need for something less costly than
F-16, much simpler, easier to maintain, lower skill level to maintain,
larger number of flying hours per maintenance hours, lower cost per
flying hour, etc ... along the lines what was claimed for
F20/Tigershark ... more planes per dollar and more flying hours pere
dollar ... possibly tens times the planes in the air. For the
F20/Tigershark they realized that USAF would never buy, so they had to
target for export market. They then found that the F16 forces had
lobbied congress that for every F20/Tigershark candidate country, they
would be offered directed appropriation USAID (that could be only
spent on buying F16). They candidate country then said that they could
choose between getting F16s for free or using their own money for F20s
(even though that F20s would be much better for their purpose). There
was some claims from the period that the "free" F16s was justified on
making F16s cost less for USAF ... but they may have met that it was
more money for military-industrial complex.
http://www.defensemedianetwork.com/stories/what-might-have-been-f-20-tigershark/
posts mentioning John Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
One of the issues contributing to canceling F22 was enormous maintenance hours and expense
This is F-22: Can't Fly Won't Die
http://nypost.com/2009/07/17/cant-fly-wont-die/
Pilots call high-maintenance aircraft "hangar queens." Well, the
F-22's a hangar empress. After three expensive decades in development,
the plane meets fewer than one-third of its specified requirements.
Anyway, an enemy wouldn't have to down a single F-22 to defeat
it. Just strike the hi-tech maintenance sites, and it's game over. (In
WWII, we didn't shoot down every Japanese Zero; we just sank their
carriers.) The F-22 isn't going to operate off a dirt strip with a
repair tent.
But this is all about lobbying, not about lobbing bombs. Cynically,
Lockheed Martin distributed the F-22 workload to nearly every state,
employing under-qualified sub-contractors to create local financial
stakes in the program. Great politics -- but the result has been a
quality collapse.
... snip ...
There were jokes at the time that F-22 couldn't be taken out in weather (because the stealth coating was very vulnerable especially to moisture). There are claims that since then, less moisture vulnerable coating has been developed, used for the F-35 and supposedly retrofitted to F-22 (however, there are concerns that new coating has lower structural integrity and subject to loss/wear at higher top-speed of F-22).
This is more recent item talking makes reference to F-22 stealth
maintenance bays are working over time
http://www.tyndall.af.mil/News/Features/Display/tabid/6651/Article/669883/lo-how-the-f-22-gets-its-stealth.aspx
Haven't seen much about whether F-35 coating is doing better or worse than F-22
F-22 was 1.7M lines of code, 2yrs ago F-35 estimate was that it was going to be (at least?) 25M lines-of-code. 2011 USNI conference, it was pointed out that drones were undergoing a dozen new generations per year ... while F-22 & F-35 were multiple decades per generation. 2011 USNI conference, it was pointed out that drones were undergoing a dozen new generations per year ... while F-22 & F-35 were multiple decades per generation. Large number of inexpensive as bomb & missile platform quickly approaching unmanned
There is also big overlap in the capability & speed of signal processing for real-time multi-band radar detection and targeting of stealth ... and the capability & speed of signal processing for autonomous vehicle operation.f inexpensive as bomb & missile platform quickly approaching unmanned
There is also big overlap in the capability & speed of signal processing for real-time multi-band radar detection and targeting of stealth ... and the capability & speed of signal processing for autonomous vehicle operation.
Spring 2015, DOD put latest digital chips on export control. Various estimates include that processing by latest generation chips could reduce the number of transmit/receiver pairs in the F22 & F35 AESA radar by nearly a factor of 100 times w/o loss of capability. At fall supercomputer conference, China demonstrated that they were producing their own chips (in addition to radar & autonomous operation, the chips are also heavily used in supercomputers; china has two largest supercomputers in the world which have more processing power than the next eight combined).
recent posts mention F35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#51 The Not-So-Secret Way to Kill an F-22 or F-35 Stealth Fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#15 China's claim it has 'quantum' radar may leave $17 billion F-35 naked
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#34 CBS News: WikiLeaks claims to release thousands of CIA documents of computer activity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#47 WikiLeaks CIA Dump: Washington's Data Security Is a Mess
older posts mention AESA radar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#58 No, the F-35 Can't Fight at Long Range, Either
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#75 American Gripen: The Solution To The F-35 Nightmare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#20 DEC and The Americans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#89 Computers anyone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#22 Iran Can Now Detect U.S. Stealth Jets at Long Range
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#40 The F-22 Raptor Is the World's Best Fighter (And It Has a Secret Weapon That Is Out in the Open)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#77 Test Pilot Admits the F-35 Can't Dogfight
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 15 Mar 2017 08:46:59 -0700Morten Reistad <first@last.name.invalid> writes:
triva: when we were doing ha/cmp ... the executive we first report to, then transfers over to head up somerset (AIM, apple, ibm, motorola; power/pc). we leave in 92 after cluster scale-up is transferred to kingston and announced as IBM supercomputer. He is hired away from somerset/aim by SGI to be president of MIPs doing the MIPS R10K (i.e. SGI had bought MIPS). We would drop in periodically and shoot the breeze ... in fact he lets me have his executive Indy to take home.
some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
AIM
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM_alliance
MIPS R10K
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R10000
we had been brought in as consultants by small client/server startup
that wanted to do payment transactions on their server. Two of the
people that were in the Jan1992 Ellison meeting ... mentioned here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
have left oracle and are responsible for the "commerce server" at the startup. The startup had also invented this technology they called "SSL" they wanted to use. The result is now frequently called "electronic commerce".
As public load downloading clients & server software on their web servers was increasing ... they kept adding servers (and directed customer to manually spread download use across the increasing number of servers) ... but CPU use couldn't keep up with the increase in download use. Turns out their client/server protocol had used TCP for this very short HTTP & HTTPS operations. TCP had never been implemented for such behavior ... part of it was reliable session close with FINWAIT list to catch dangling packets. FINWAIT operation had basically been designed assuming there would never be more than a few sessions in close ... so would do linear search of the list to see if incoming packets were part of session in the process of closing. As nominal webserver use started to climb, webserver processor quickly shot to 100%, nearly all of it done searching FINWAIT list. There was period in the mid-90s where webservers hit brick wall.
It turns out that Sequent had previously encountered this problem with customers that were running large commercial operations with 20,000 TELNET (TCP) sessions. While the TELNET sessions were much longer ... with 20,000 ... there was still relative high frequency of sessions being (created &) shutdown ... and Sequent had already addressed efficient FINWAIT list operation. The load problem at the small client/server operation was "solved" when they installed a Sequent for handling their webserver load.
After another six months, other vendors started shipping updates that addressed the FINWAIT problem.
past posts mentioning FINWAIT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#1 Early tcp development?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#164 Uptime (was Re: Q: S/390 on PowerPC?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#3 The demise of compaq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#14 index searching
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#46 Shipwrecks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005g.html#42 TCP channel half closed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006f.html#33 X.509 and ssh
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#2 Hey! Keep Your Hands Out Of My Abstraction Layer!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#37 Curiosity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#11 What part of z/OS is the OS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#38 Problem with TCP connection close
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#28 Yet another squirrel question - Results (very very long post)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#36 Making tea
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#7 IBM in Talks to Buy Sun
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#76 Tiny-traffic DoS attack spotlights Apache flaw
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#44 Follow up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010b.html#62 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#51 Has there been a change in US banking regulations recently?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#9 The IETF is probably the single element in the global equation of technology competition than has resulted in the INTERNET
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#11 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#6 Founders of SSL Call Game Over?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#20 Writing article on telework/telecommuting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#89 False Start's sad demise: Google abandons noble attempt to make SSL less painful
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#15 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#8 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#46 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#48 Google takes on Internet Standards with TCP Proposals, SPDY standardization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#7 Last Gasp for Hard Disk Drives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#13 Is it time for a revolution to replace TLS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#26 There Is Still Hope
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#76 No Internet. No Microsoft Windows. No iPods. This Is What Tech Was Like In 1984
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#2 Knowledge Center Outage May 3rd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#50 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#25 The real story of how the Internet became so vulnerable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#71 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#96 TCP joke
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#113 Is there a source for detailed, instruction-level performance info?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#43 How the internet was invented
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#127 Early Networking
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Multics Timeline Date: 15 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookMultics Timeline
some of the CTSS people went to the 5th floor to do MULTICS and others went to the IBM science center on the 4th floor and did virtual machines, online computing, internal network, computer performance, etc. As might be expected there was a little competition between the 4th & 5th flrs.
One of my hobbies was developing & supporting enhanced operating systems for internal datacenters. It wasn't fair to compare the total number of VM customers to MULTICS or even the number of VM internal datacenters to MULTICS .... however I could compare the number of my "CSC/VM" internal datacenters ... which was slightly more than the total number of all MULTICS installations (over its lifetime).
Old 1979 email about some people from USAF data services coming out
for visit to talk about getting 20 (vm370) 4341s.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#email790404
the visit was delayed until the following fall, by which time the order had grown to 210 (vm370) 4341s. Trivia: USAF data services had been longtime MULTICS customer
follow-on email about finally a colonel, couple majors and some others
from Air Force Data Services coming by (names redacted to protect the
innocent)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#email791211
Multics Air Force Data Services
https://www.multicians.org/site-afdsc.html
past science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm
old email moving from CP67 to VM370 (for CSC/VM) at science center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430
lots of past posts mentioning CSC/VM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#8 IBM says AMD dead in 5yrs ... -- Microsoft Monopoly vs. IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006.html#25 DCSS as SWAP disk for z/Linux
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006.html#38 Is VIO mandatory?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#7 Why these original FORTRAN quirks?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#8 Why these original FORTRAN quirks?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#42 vmshare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007b.html#51 Special characters in passwords was Re: RACF - Password rules
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#6 Open z/Architecture or Not
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#29 Need Help filtering out sporge in comp.arch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#30 hacked TOPS-10 monitors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#41 IT managers stymied by limits of x86 virtualization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#63 Machine-Level Assembly Language
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#14 DASD or TAPE attached via TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#72 Error handling for system calls
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#82 Yet another squirrel question - Results (very very long post)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#85 old 370 info
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#1 Yet another squirrel question - Results (very very long post)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#2 Yet another squirrel question - Results (very very long post)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#22 VMware Chief Says the OS Is History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#48 New machine code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#54 Computer History Museum
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#35 SEs & History Lessons
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#36 SEs & History Lessons
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#67 DCSS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#68 DCSS addenda
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#77 More named/shared systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#33 Survey Revives Depate Over Mainframe's Future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009r.html#69 360 programs on a z/10
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#70 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#79 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#1 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#2 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#17 Senior Java Developer vs. MVS Systems Programmer (warning: Conley rant)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#25 HONE Compute Intensive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#24 Would you fight?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#72 Interesting presentation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#0 What is the protocal for GMT offset in SMTP (e-mail) header time-stamp?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#13 IBM 5100 First Portable Computer commercial 1977
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#20 Personal use z/OS machines was Re: Multiprise 3k for personal Use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#22 Personal use z/OS machines was Re: Multiprise 3k for personal Use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#51 Information on obscure text editors wanted
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#54 Article says mainframe most cost-efficient platform
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#30 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#33 Was VM ever used as an exokernel?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#11 Titles for the Class of 1978
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#15 Age
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#20 Old EMAIL Index
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#21 Titles for the Class of 1978
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#15 History of Hard-coded Offsets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#28 CSC History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#10 Mainframe Slang terms
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#42 Really dumb IPL question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#62 When will MVS be able to use cheap dasd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#48 origin of 'fields'?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010o.html#63 They always think we don't understand
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#41 Old EMAIL Index
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#28 Personal histories and IBM computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#1 Multiple Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#79 I'd forgotten what a 2305 looked like
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#84 New job for mainframes: Cloud platform
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#6 New job for mainframes: Cloud platform
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#7 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#8 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#29 Congratulations, where was my invite?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#49 My first mainframe experience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#70 IBM Mainframe (1980's) on You tube
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#10 program coding pads
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011j.html#66 Wondering if I am really eligible for this group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#41 CMS load module format
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#59 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#82 Migration off mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#112 SPF in 1978
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#14 HONE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#4 CSC History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#24 Inventor of e-mail honored by Smithsonian
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#38 Invention of Email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#38 A bit of IBM System 360 nostalgia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#18 Word Length
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#50 SIE - CompArch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#59 Hard Disk Drive Construction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#17 Operating System, what is it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#30 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#17 a clock in it, was Re: Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#50 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#62 Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#72 Any cool anecdotes IBM 40yrs of VM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#84 Did Bill Gates Steal the Heart of DOS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#37 AT&T Holmdel Computer Center films, 1973 Unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#31 REFRPROT History Question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#71 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#14 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#88 Sequence Numbrs (was 32760?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#58 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#78 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#75 What Makes code storage management so cool?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#3 The cloud is killing traditional hardware and software
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#85 Before the PC: IBM invents virtualisation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#11 EBCDIC and the P-Bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#27 RBS Mainframe Meltdown: A year on, the fallout is still coming
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#29 By Any Other Name
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#38 1969 networked word processor "Astrotype"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#38 Quote on Slashdot.org
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#45 the nonsuckage of source, was MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#1 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#2 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#5 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#19 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#33 Warnings for the U.S. military about innovation and the information age: The Pentagon looks like a minicomputer firm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#22 [OT ] Mainframe memories
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#57 Difference between MVS and z / OS systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#59 Difference between MVS and z / OS systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#16 23Jun1969 Unbundling Announcement
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#22 23Jun1969 Unbundling Announcement
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#89 Real Programmers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#74 Fifty Years of nitpicking definitions, was BASIC,theProgrammingLanguageT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#85 Costs of core
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#91 Fifty Years of nitpicking definitions, was BASIC,theProgrammingLanguageT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#27 30 yr old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#71 A New Performance Model
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#94 VM370 Logo Screen
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#2 Knowledge Center Outage May 3rd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#3 30 yr old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#0 Miniskirts and mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#54 Mainframes open to internet attacks?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#106 DOS descendant still lives was Re: slight reprieve on the z
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#10 You count as an old-timer if (was Re: Origin of the phrase "XYZZY")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#68 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#52 Resurrected! Paul Allen's tech team brings 50-year -old supercomputer back from the dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#20 {wtf} Tymshare SuperBasic Source Code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#28 {wtf} Tymshare SuperBasic Source Code
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#59 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#27 Virtualization's Past Helps Explain Its Current Importance
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 15 Mar 2017 18:02:11 -0700scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:
Sequent implements "snoopy" cache for Balance
http://www.icsa.inf.ed.ac.uk/cgi-bin/hase/coherence-m.pl?wtu-model-t.html,wtu-model-f.html,menu1.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequent_Computer_Systems#Balance
Then did Symmetry ... started with i386, which was what was installed at
Mosaic/Netscape (trivia: when NCSA complained about using "Mosaic", what
company donated "Netscape") that addressed FINWAIT problem
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequent_Computer_Systems#Symmetry
In 1994 Sequent introduced the Symmetry 5000 series models SE20, SE60
and SE90, which used 66 MHz Pentium CPUs in systems from 2 to 30
processors. The next year they expanded that with the SE30/70/100 lineup
using 100 MHz Pentiums, and then in 1996 with the SE40/80/120 with 166
MHz Pentiums. A variant of the Symmetry 5000, the WinServer 5000 series,
ran Windows NT instead of DYNIX/ptx.[10]
.... snip ...
Sequent claimed that they did the work on NT, restructuring kernel for
SMP scale-up (for servers). However, upthread, I reference that still
doesn't get consumer/desktop application threading for increasingly
multi-core processors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#48 The ICL 2900
Then for Exemplar, Sequent used SCI (but data general, sgi, convex, and
others, did also)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequent_Computer_Systems#NUMA
SCI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Coherent_Interconnect
NUMA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-uniform_memory_access
I've mentioned before 370 2-way SMP slowed down base processor cycle
to allow cross-cache invalidation signals ... that was just the start,
any processing of actual invalidation overhead would be in addition to
the base processor cycle slowdown. That is with just one other
processor sending invalidation ... going to 4-way SMP then would mean
three other processors broadcasting cross-cache invalidation
signals. past SMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
I've periodically claimed that John Coche 801/risc
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_801
and
http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/risc/
was done to be the opposite of the enormously complex (failed) Future
System effort
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
but another part of 801/risc was no cache consistency ... not even between the i-cache and d-cache (in the same processor), ... along with store-into cache ... loader needed special instruction to invalidate address range in the i-cache and force corresponding changes in the d-cache to memory (i.e. loader may have altered loaded program instruction sequence as part of load, which would be in the d-cache, which would have to be force to memory and any stale information in the i-cache removed ... so latest copy could be loaded to i-cache) ... aka not fall into the strong memory consistency overhead of 370 SMP.
part of somerset (AIM, referenced upthread) for power/pc was to support cache consistency protocol ... i somewhat characterize it as adding motorola 88k cache consistency to 801/risc.
past posts mention 801/risc, romp, rios, fort knox, pc/rt, power,
somerset, AIM, power/pc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
IBM purchase of sequent
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequent_Computer_Systems#IBM_purchase_and_disappearance
An alternative view of IBM's actions, born out of the belief[13] that
corporations maintain consistent strategies over the short and medium
term despite executive changes, is that IBM acquired Sequent not to
nurture it but simply to keep it out of Sun's clutches. Through its
acquisition of what became the Enterprise 10000 server line from Cray,
Sun had done so much financial damage to IBM's server market share, that
IBM was very reluctant to see this disaster repeated.[citation needed]
Even if it generated zero revenue for IBM, the net present value of
Sequent from IBM's viewpoint was higher inside IBM than inside Sun.[13]
... snip ...
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 16 Mar 2017 10:03:29 -0700jmfbahciv <See.above@aol.com> writes:
As an undergraduate I was involved in project to create clone
controller first using interdata/3 ... then evolved into interdata/4
(for the channel interface) and cluster of interdata/3s handling
ports/lines. Interdata markets this, and later marketed under the P/E
logo after Perkin/Elmer acquires Interdata. Four of is get written up
as responsible (for some part of) clone controller market.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
There have been some claims that the tight integration between SNA/VTAM (mainframe) and SNA/NCP (37x5 controller ) are the closest survivor of Future System objectives.
I've mentioned periodically that in the late 80s, a senior disk
engineer gets a talk scheduled at the annual world-wide, internal
communication group conference, supposedly on 3174 performance, but
opened the talk that the communication group was going to be
responsible for the demise of the disk division. The issue was that
the communication group had strategic corporate responsibility for
everything that crossed the datacenter walls and was fiercely fighting
off distributed computing and client/server, trying to protect its
dumb (emulated) terminal paradigm and install base. The disk division
was seeing data fleeing the datacenters to more distributed computing
friendly platforms with drop in disk sales. The disk division had come
up with number of solutions to reverse the problems, but they were
constantly being vetoed by the communication group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal
In the early 80s, I had a project I called high-speed data transport
(HSDT) and was working with the director of NSF on interconnecting the
NSF supercomputer centers. We were suppose to get $20M, but then
congress cuts the budget, some other things happen, and then NSF
releases an RFP. Internal politics prevent us from bidding. The
director of NSF tries to help by writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO) with support from other agencies, but that just makes the internal
politics worse (as does references to what we already have running is
at least 5yrs ahead of all RFP responses). As regional networks
connect into the centers, it grows into the NSFNET backbone (presursor
to modern internet). some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet
and past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet
The communication group was even spreading a lot of misinformation
internally, claiming that SNA/VTAM could be used for the NSF RFP
... somebody collects lot of that misinformation email and forwards it
to us ... heavily snipped and redacted to protect the guilty.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email870109
other communication group misinformation related to pressuring the
conversion of the internal network to SNA/VTAM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#email870302
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#email870306
past internal network (the internal network was larger than
arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime mid-80s)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
the internal network technology had also been used for the corporate
sponsored university network (also for a time larger than
arpanet/internet):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
In the early 70s, my wife was co-author for AWP39, peer-to-peer
networking architecture ... in the same time that SNA was being
formulated. She was then in the gburg JES group when she was con'ed
into going to POK to be responsible for loosely-coupled architecture
(mainframe for cluster) where she did Peer-Coupled Shared Data
architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#shareddata
She didn't remain long, in part because of little uptake (except for
IMS hot-standby) until SYSPLEX and Parallel SYSPLEX and in part
because of contant battles with the communication group trying to
force her into using SNA/VTAM for loosely-coupled operation. Nearly a
decade later she was co-author for a response to gov. request for
highly secure campus distributed computing operation where she
introduces the concept of 3-layer/middle network. We are then out
doing customer executive presentations on 3-layer network (including
ethernet adapters) and taking lots of arrows in the back from the
communication group (and the SAA and token ring people). past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#3tier
part of that 3-tier customer executive presentation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002q.html#40 ibm time machine in new york times?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#7 Voyager 1 just left the solar system using less computing powerthan your iP
One of the jokes was SNA was not a "System", not a "Network", and not an "Architecture". Other IBM groups claim that they tried to build products that would interoperate with communication group SNA/VTAM and find that even "internal only" documents were insufficient, they basically had to reverse engineer the actual interface and lots of trial&error.
recent posts in this thread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#58 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#59 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#61 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#74 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#75 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#69 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#73 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#30 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#44 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#45 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#48 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#54 The ICL 2900
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Wall Street Vs. Main Street Date: 16 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookWall Street Vs. Main Street - Settling The Debate Over The Real Reason For QE
Federal Reserve fought long hard legal battle to prevent public discloser of what it was doing. When it lost, the Chairman held a press confeence and said that he thought that the too big to fail would use the tens of trillions in ZIRP funds to help mainstreet, but when they didn't, he had no way to force them (however that didn't stop the ZIRP funds). Supposedly the Chairman was selected in part because he was a student of the '29crash and the depression when the Federal Reserve had tried something similar with the same results.
Congress had appropriated TARP $700B supposedly to bailout TBTF by buying their off-book toxic assets. However, just the four largest TBTF were holding $5.2T off-book the end of 2008 ... and TARP would hardly dent the problem. TARP was then used for other purposes and the Federal Reserve bought trillions in off-book assets at 98cents on the dollar and was providing tens of trillions in ZIRP. Claims are the TBTF have been using ZIRP funds to buy treasuries (helping prop up the enormous federal debt) and clearing something like $300B/year on the spread.
2002, Congress lets the fiscal responsibility act lapse (spending can't exceed tax revenue, on its way to eliminating all federal debt). 2010, CBO report that 2003-2009, taxes were reduced by $6T and spending increased by $6T for $12T gap compared to fiscal responsibility budget (first time congress cuts taxes to not pay for two wars). Since then taxes not restored and only modest cuts in spending so debt continues to increase. Supposedly confluence of interest, 1) federal reserve and wallstreet wanting huge federal debt, 2) wallstreet and special interests wanting huge tax cuts, and 3) miltiary-industrial complex wanting huge spending increase (and "perpetual war").
Claim that financial services industry tripled in size (as percent of GDP) during the economic mess and Federal Reserve is helping it maintain that position. NY state comptroller released report that during the economic mess, wallstreet bonuses exploded by over 400%.
Oct2008 congressional hearings into the pivotal role that the rating agencies played in the economic mess, found that they were selling triple-A ratings on securitized mortgages when they knew they weren't worth triple-A. That largely accounts for over $27T being done 2001-2008 selling into the "bond" market, including to large funds restricted to only dealing in "safe" investments (like large institutional pension funds, resulting in significant loss for those funds).
The triple-A ratings eliminated any reason for loan orginators to care about borrowers' qualifications or loan quality ... since they could immediately sell off every loan they made. Then indusry found that they could design securitized mortgages to fail, pay for triple-A rating, sell to their customers, and take out CDS gambling bets that they would fail (creating enormous demand for dodgy mortgages). The largest holder of the CDS gambling bets was AIG and was negotiating to pay off at 50cents on the dollar when the SECTREAS steps in and forces them to sign a document that they can't sue those making the bets and to take TARP funds to pay off at face value. The largest recipient of TARP funds is AIG and the largest recipient of face value payoffs is the firm formally headed by SECTREAS.
trivia: around 2005, the US Comptroller General started including in speeches that nobody in congress was capable of middle school arithmetic for how badly they were savaging the budget.
TBTF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
toxic assets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
Pecora hearings (congressional hearings into '29 crash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall
ZIRP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#zirp
fiscal responsibility act
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fiscal.responsibility.act
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Trump to Seek Spinoff of U.S. Air-Traffic Control From FAA Date: 16 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookTrump to Seek Spinoff of U.S. Air-Traffic Control From FAA
Part of the justification is supposedly pumping more money into ATC modernization, however there has been 30yrs of failed ATC modernization programs ... great revenue flow for the for-profit companies ... but not just FAA ... but nearly every gov. computer-related modernization ... aka the spreading Success of Failure culture
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
success of failure posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
past posts mentioning ATC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#15 IBM 9020 FAA/ATC Systems from 1960's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#17 IBM 9020 FAA/ATC Systems from 1960's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#71 IBM 9020 FAA/ATC Systems from 1960's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#2 Most complex instructions (was Re: IBM 9020 FAA/ATC Systems from 1960's)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#3 Most complex instructions (was Re: IBM 9020 FAA/ATC Systems from 1960's)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#14 IBM 9020 FAA/ATC Systems from 1960's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001i.html#15 IBM 9020 FAA/ATC Systems from 1960's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#50 The demise of compaq
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#6 Microcode?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#29 Computers in Science Fiction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#30 Computers in Science Fiction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#16 Why are Mainframe Computers really still in use at all?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#25 MVS on Power (was Re: McKinley Cometh...)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002q.html#24 Vector display systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003m.html#4 IBM Manuals from the 1940's and 1950's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003m.html#36 S/360 undocumented instructions?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004.html#7 Dyadic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004e.html#5 A POX on you, Dennis Ritchie!!!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004e.html#44 Infiniband - practicalities for small clusters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004l.html#42 Acient FAA computers???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005c.html#17 [Lit.] Buffer overruns
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005e.html#57 System/360; Hardwired vs. Microcoded
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005n.html#44 What was new&important in computer architecture 10 years ago ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005o.html#24 is a computer like an airport?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005s.html#21 MVCIN instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#8 Pa Tpk spends $30 million for "Duet" system; but benefits are unknown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#9 Pa Tpk spends $30 million for "Duet" system; but benefits are unknown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#52 CMS (PC Operating Systems)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007e.html#52 US Air computers delay psgrs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#14 when was MMU virtualization first considered practical?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#18 Flying Was: Fission products
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#23 Outsourcing loosing steam?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#43 Flying Was: Fission products
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#6 The Return of Ada
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#61 Up, Up, ... and Gone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#41 IBM--disposition of clock business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#45 IBM--disposition of clock business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#28 the Z/10 and timers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#17 Bletchley Park fires up Big Green-Eyed Monster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#25 Crypto Craft Knowledge
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#18 System/360 Announcement (7Apr64)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#55 Hercules; more information requested
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#29 Check out Computer glitch to cause flight delays across U.S. - MarketWatch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#31 Check out Computer glitch to cause flight delays across U.S. - MarketWatch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#47 Is C close to the machine?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#60 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#2 TSS (Transaction Security System)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#44 CKD DASD
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#73 Speed of Old Hard Disks - adcons
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#57 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#56 Drum Memory with small Core Memory?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#69 IBM Mainframe (1980's) on You tube
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#42 Simulated PDP-11 Blinkenlight front panel for SimH
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#21 A bit of IBM System 360 nostalgia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#18 A Brief History of Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#42 US Naval History Conference
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#76 A Little More on the Computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#99 IBM architecture, was Fifty Years of nitpicking definitions, was BASIC,theProgrammingLanguageT
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#108 PDP-11 architecture, was There Is Still Hope
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#33 Univac 90 series info posted on bitsavers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#18 the legacy of Seymour Cray
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#34 The Network Nation, Revised Edition
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#50 PL/I advertising
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 17 Mar 2017 10:57:55 -0700jmfbahciv <See.above@aol.com> writes:
President of AMEX is in competition to be next CEO and wins. The looser leaves taking their protegee and goes to Baltimore and take over what is called a loan sharking business. They make some number of other acquisitions eventually acquiring CITI in violation in Glass-Steagall. Greenspan gives them an exemption while they lobby congress for Glass-Steagall repeal, including enlisting the SECTREAS (and former head of Goldman-Sachs), who resigns and joins CITI as soon as the repeal is added to GLBA (enabling too big to fail). The protegee then leaves CITI and becomes CEO of CHASE.
pecora hearings &/or glass-steagall posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall
too big to fail posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
AMEX is in competition with KKR for private-equity take-over of RJR. KKR
wins, but runs into some trouble with RJR and hires away president of
AMEX to help turn it around.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbarians_at_the_Gate:_The_Fall_of_RJR_Nabisco
A few years after the talk by senior disk engineer (that the
communication group will be responsible for the demise of the disk
division; the communication group stranglehold on datacenters with
corporate strategic ownership of everything that crosses datacenter
walls), IBM has gone in the red and was being reorganized into the 13
"baby blues" in preparation to breaking up the company. The board then
hires away the former president of AMEX to reverse the breakup and
resurrect the comapny ... using some of the same techniques used at RJR.
https://web.archive.org/web/20181019074906/http://www.ibmemployee.com/RetirementHeist.shtml
The former AMEX president then leaves IBM and becomes the head of
another large private-equity company ... one of the take-overs is the
beltway bandit that will employ Snowden. Private-equity take-over of
beltway bandits contributed to the enormous increase in outsourcing last
decade ... and companies in the private-equity mills are under intense
pressure to cut corners to provide profit to their owners. Intelligence
has 70% of the budget and over half the people outsourced ... past
article on Snowden's employer and its private-equity owner
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us
it also contributes to the rapidly spreading Success of Failure
culture
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
posts referencing pensions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#pensions
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
There was IBM employee legal action for what was being done to their retirement ... including changing pension obligation being listed as asset rather than liability (corporate asset is up for grabs if the company ever declared bankruptcy) ... change boosts the value/stock, boosting price/share, increasing executive bonuses.
There are also claims that the stock buyback culture was introduced
then and has since dominated a lot of IBM financials since; Stockman
"The Corruption of Capitalism in America", pg464/loc9995-10000:
IBM was not the born-again growth machine trumpeted by the mob of Wall
Street momo traders. It was actually a stock buyback contraption on
steroids. During the five years ending in fiscal 2011, the company spent
a staggering $67 billion repurchasing its own shares, a figure that was
equal to 100 percent of its net income.
pg465/10014-17:
Total shareholder distributions, including dividends, amounted to $82
billion, or 122 percent, of net income over this five-year period.
Likewise, during the last five years IBM spent less on capital
investment than its depreciation and amortization charges, and also
shrank its constant dollar spending for research and development by
nearly 2 percent annually.
... snip ...
posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#stock.buyback
Lots of properties were also being sold off to raise cash. I've mentioned before in the 80s, Nestle sold its new, almost finished corporate hdqtrs bldg to IBM for ten cents on the dollar. After new CEO comes in, the bldg is (re)sold to Mastercard for its new hdqtrs bldg. Shortly after Mastercard moves in, we are at a executive direction meeting with them ... and Mastercard says that they paid more to have all the internal door handles changed than they paid IBM for the bldg.
About the time IBM first goes into the red, AMEX spins off a lot of its (mostly IBM mainframe) dataprocessing and outsourcing as FDC in the largest IPO up until that time. Around 2000 they are doing outsourced processing for a little over half the US credit card and debit card processing ... as well as having introduced the original magstripe merchant & gift card stored-value products. I've mentioned before that about that time they have something over 40 of max configured IBM mainframes (@$30M, constantly being updated on 18month cycle) configured for doing overnight batch settlement and I look at improving the performance of the 450+k lines-of-code cobol application doing settlement. 15yrs after FDC is spun off in the largest IPO (up until that time), KKR (referenced in the RJR private-equity take-over) does private-equity take-over of FDC in the largest reverse-IPO up until that time.
past posts mentioning doing performance improvement on 450+K LOC
cobol application
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006s.html#24 Curiosity: CPU % for COBOL program
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#50 Where can you get a Minor in Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007l.html#20 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#21 Distributed Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#24 Job ad for z/OS systems programmer trainee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008d.html#73 Price of CPU seconds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#81 Intel: an expensive many-core future is ahead of us
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#5 Why do IBMers think disks are 'Direct Access'?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#14 Legacy clearing threat to OTC derivatives warns State Street
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#76 Architectural Diversity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#55 Cobol hits 50 and keeps counting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#20 IBM forecasts 'new world order' for financial services
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#35 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#32 At least two decades back, some gurus predicted that mainframes would disappear
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#25 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#18 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#24 System/360--50 years--the future?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#56 Under what circumstances
would it be a mistake to migrate applications/workload off the
mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#45 Article for the boss: COBOL will outlive us all
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#83 CPU time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#69 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#78 Over in the Mainframe Experts Network LinkedIn group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#65 A New Performance Model ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#112 Is there a source for detailed, instruction-level performance info?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#15 Trump to sign cyber security order
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 17 Mar 2017 12:22:33 -0700Alfred Falk <falk@arc.ab.ca> writes:
I mentioned at university using Interdata (first interdata/3, then
upgraded to interdata/4 with cluster of interdata/3s) doing clone
controller for 360/67 ... that Interdata (and later Perkin/Elmer)
selling to lots of customers. Later I ran into former PE salesman said
he sold lots of the boxes to government, especially NASA (including
some real-time stuff)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
upthread
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#3 The ICL 2900
is reference to Univ. of Michigan doing something similar using PDP-8 to
their 360/67 (later "upgraded" tp pdp11)
https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/gallery/gallery7.html
https://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/gallery/gallery8.html
part of isn't wasn't building something to published interface, but building board that interface to the internal channel interface and some other conventions.
one of the "bugs" was 360/67 had high speed timer that had to update storage location 80 with "tic" over 13+microseconds. (simplex) 360/67 (and all 360/65) had single memory interface bus .... turns out that if the timer tics again before previous memory tic update has been done ... machine "red lights" (hardware failure) and stops. Turns out that channels have to periodic give up the memory bus in order for location 80 timer update to be done ... which in turns requires handshake with controllers to signal channel to give up memory bus.
another "bug" was initial tests had terminal data from interdata appearing in memory all garbage. Had overlooked that the official ibm terminal controller (that the interdata was emulating) had line/port scanners put incoming leading bits in lower order byte position (the process was reversed for outgoing bits) ... as a result "official" terminal bits appeared in memory bit-reversed in bytes. As a result the terminal translate tables (to/from ebcdic) had to account for the bit-reversed bytes.
as I previously mentioned a major motivation for future system effort
was to make extremely complex & integrated interface between processr,
channel and controllers as countermeasure to clone controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
the folklore then is that the extremely complex interface between SNA/VTAM (mainframe) and 37x5/NCP (controller) is one of the few things with really complex integration, that survived FS failure
in the early/mid 80s, I sucked into an effort to turn out a clone 37x5 implementation done by one of the baby bells on (IBM) Series/1 as "TYPE-1" IBM product. It actually did emulation of both SNA/VTAM and 37x5/NCP initiating sessions with mainframe SNA/VTAM as "cross-domain" ... i.e. the actual resource was "owned" by some other SNA/VTAM. Having "ownership" of the resource out in the Series/1 contributed to being able to do a lot of things not possible with real SNA/VTAM.
The communication group was well known for lots of corporate dirty
tricks ... and so we did a lot of stuff to insolate the effort from
anything the communication group was able to do. I then gave
presentation at Oct1986 SNA review board meeting in Raleigh on the
effort. What the communication group (to torpedo the project) can only
be described as truth is greater than fiction. Old post with part of the
Oct1986 presentation:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#67 System/1 ?
part of presntation given by one of the baby bell people at COMMON (s/1)
user group meeting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#70 Series/1 as NCP (was: Re: System/1 ?)
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: [EXTERNAL] ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 17 Mar 2017 16:06:40 -0700john.archie.mckown@GMAIL.COM (John McKown) writes:
Much of S/38 is touted as having been simplified version of the failed
Future System effort ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
and Future System had picked up a lot of the ideas from things like
Multics (read, write, and execute permsissions referenced in section
1.1 Segment Addressing)
https://www.multicians.org/exec-env.html
Some of the CTSS people had gone to the 5th flr to do Multics, others
had gone to the IBM science center on the 4th flr and did virtual
machines, online applications, internal network, and a bunch of
other stuff.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
Note that in the 70s, one of the virtual machine based online commercial service bureaus had done a capabiity-based 370 operating system called gnosis. When M/D bought the company, gnosis was spun off as independent business (i was brought in to evaluate gnosis as part of the spin off). Since then some number of subsequent capability based operating systems have been done for other platforms based on gnosis design and principles.
KeyKOS - A Secure, High-Performance Environment for S/370
http://cap-lore.com/CapTheory/upenn/Key370/Key370.html
http://www.cap-lore.com/CapTheory/KK/
some discussion of Keykos (secure) use of mapping hardware
http://www.cap-lore.com/CapTheory/PrivMap.html
part of Gnosis/KeyKOS was raising the application abstraction ... they
demoed a set of redone ACP/TPF applications that ran faster on KeyKOS
than on TPF (on the same hardware, in addition to providing much
higher integrity level).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#assurance
we were brought in to help wordsmith some cal. state legislation. One
of the things they were doing was data breach notification
law. Little or nothing was being done about the breaches and it was
hoped that the publicity from the notifications would prompt
action. An issue was that institutions normally take security measures
in self-protection, the problem in most of the breaches was that the
institutions weren't are risk it was the public. trivia: since the
cal. state legislation, several other states have passed similar bills
and there have been a dozen or so federal (state pre-emption) bills
introduced (none passed), about evenly divided to similar to
cal. original legislation and those that would effective eliminate
requirement for notification (even tho still called data breach
notification legislation).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification
In the 90s, the major internet exploits were from buffer length & stack related issues in C-language based implementations (extra long input, in same cases containing instructions that overlayed other things). As an aside, the original mainframe implementation was in vs/pascal which had none of the vulnerabilities epidemic in C-language based implementations.
In any case around turn of the century, some of the machines
introduced a no-execute bit (inverse of execute bit) ... aka
data-only areas from which instructions were *NEVER* fetched ... NX
bit
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NX_bit
in i86 ... first added by AMD for its i86 64-bit machines
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NX_bit#x86
other trivia: future system (& s/38) also did one-level store like (ibm's) tss/360 and multics. The simplified s/38 implementation did scatter allocation across all available disk drives ... as a result an integral single filesystem backup had to be done (involving all disks being idle) ... and any single disk failure ... would require complete filesystem restore. For most small s/38 configurations with only a couple disk drives it wasn't much of problem, but failed to scale-up to mainframe configurations with potentially hundreds of disk drives.
I had done a page-mapped filesystem for cp67/cms ... later moved to
vm370/cms ... and would pontificate that I avoided all the TSS/360
performance pitfalls (getting 3 times or better throughput than
standard cms filesystem). With the failure of Future System, it seemed
to contribute to a very jaundiced opinion of page-mapped filesystems
inside most of (mainframe) IBM.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#mmap
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: [EXTERNAL] ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 17 Mar 2017 17:56:28 -0700imugzach@GMAIL.COM (IronSphere by SecuriTeam Software) writes:
we were doing cluster scale-up for our IBM HA/CMP product
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
and some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
for both technical/scientific (with national labs) and commercial
(with RDBMS vendors) ... old post about Jan92 meeting in Ellison's
conferrence room
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
within a few weeks of the Ellison meeting, the cluster scale-up is transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer (for technical and scientific only), and we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors. Shortly later we leave IBM.
Two of the people named in the Ellison meeting later leave Oracle and are at a small client/server responsible for something called "commerce server". We are brought in as consultants because they want to do payments on their server, the small client/server startup had also invented this technology called "SSL" they want to use, its now frequently called "electronic commerce".
Most of my work is on the webserver to payment networks gateway over which I have absolute authority (including having to deal with possibility of DOS attacks) ... but can only make recommendations on the client/server side ... some of which are almost immediately violated ... accounting for some number of exploits that continue to this day.
One of the things we started to notice was that RDBMS-based webservers had significantly higher exploits than flat-file based webservers ... which was the result of various factors. In part RDBMS implementations were a lot more complicated and failures/exploits tend to be proportional to complexity. Common simple scenario; servers are taken off the network and security measures disabled as part of doing regular maintenance. RDBMS maintenance tended to be more time-consuming and much more frequently overran the maintenance window .... and then in the rush to get the server back up ... reenabling the security measures was frequently overlooked (even when installation had security regression tests that were required before reconnecting to the internet, they would be skipped in the rush to get back online).
other triva: large percentage of breaches tend to be transaction
information from previous financial transactions in a form
of replay attack for fraudulent financial transactions.
the data breach notification people had done detailed public
surveys and this was the #1 issue. This financial transaction
information is used in dozens of business transactions at millions of
locations around the world. I've periodically commented that even if
the planet was buried in miles of encryption hiding this information,
it would still couldn't prevent leakage.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification
I got con'ed into participating in the financial industry standard
x9a10 which had been given the requirement to preserve the integrity
of the financial industry for all retail payments. We did detailed
end-to-end threat and vulernability studies. What we eventually came
up was a standard that slightly tweaked the current transactions so
that crooks couldn't use information from previous transactions for
(replay attack) fraudulent financial transactions. It did
nothing to prevent breaches, but it eliminated the ability of crooks
to use the information for fraudulent financial transactions ... and
therefor the motivation for many of breaches (significantly reduced
the attack surface). Unfortunately, it was an enormously disruptive
change to electronic payment stakeholders.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#x959
even more trivia: major use of SSL in the world today is hiding financial transaction information while it flows over the internet, the x9a10 work eliminated the need to hide that information (while providing end-to-end integrity ... both in flight as well as at rest).
note that the head of IBM end of last century, leaves and becomes head
of private-equity company that will acquire beltway bandit that will
employ Snowden. There is huge uptic in outsourcing to for-profit
companies last decade, many under intensive pressure to cut corners to
provide profit for their private-equity owners. Example was those
doing outsourced security clearances found to be filling out paperwork
but not bothering to do background checks ... 70% of the intelligence
budget and over half the people
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us
another example is OPM
https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/06/24/opm-contractor-veritas/
https://fcw.com/articles/2015/06/24/house-oversight-opm.aspx
also nothing to do with cobol (or financial) ... attackers danced through top-security networks through much of last decade, acquiring detailed specifications of major weapon systems (pointing finger at cobol could just be obfuscation and misdirection).
Report: China gained U.S. weapons secrets using cyberespionage
http://www.cnn.com/2013/05/28/world/asia/china-cyberespionage/
Confidential report lists U.S. weapons system designs compromised by
Chinese cyberspies
https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/confidential-report-lists-us-weapons-system-designs-compromised-by-chinese-cyberspies/2013/05/27/a42c3e1c-c2dd-11e2-8c3b-0b5e9247e8ca_story.html
Also on the list is the most expensive weapons system ever built -- the
F-35 Joint Strike Fighter, which is on track to cost about $1.4
trillion. The 2007 hack of that project was reported previously.
... snip ...
REPORT: Chinese Hackers Stole Plans For Dozens Of Critical US Weapons Systems
http://www.businessinsider.com/china-hacked-us-military-weapons-systems-2013-5
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Most people are secretly threatened by creativity Date: 17 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookMost people are secretly threatened by creativity
Teachers Don't Like Creative Students
http://marginalrevolution.com/marginalrevolution/2011/12/teachers-dont-like-creative-students.html
... and former co-worker at science center ...
Cool to be Clever: Edson Hendricks
http://downloads.zdnet.com/product/31709-75651341/
Loads of pre-Internet emails, anecdotes and other computer science
archival material, 12 video interviews with Edson Hendricks and 3
audio interviews of author/composer Leanne Jones, exploration of the
"genius" and "inventive" mind, predicting the future, first email
virus, advice to programmers, the origin of tektites, and so much
more. Ideal for all ages, especially clever children 6+ and anyone
with an interest in Internet history and inventing. How was the
Internet really invented?
... snip ...
It's Cool To Be Clever, The story of Edson C. Hendricks
https://www.amazon.com/Its-Cool-Be-Clever-Hendricks/dp/1897435630/
IT'S COOL TO BE CLEVER tells the true story of an inquisitive boy in
the 1950s who doesn't fit in at school. Edson Hendricks is bullied
because he is so smart (people accuse him of getting answers from his
father who is the principal) and has red hair. He finds comfort in an
imaginary world where he has machine parts, and no internal organs or
emotions.
Years later, Edson's strange capacity to think like a machine helps
him create a new way for computers to communicate. His
"connectionless" network design paves the way for today's Internet.
... snip ...
posts mentioning science center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
posts mentining internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
past posts mentioning "It's Cool To Be Clever":
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#10 Selectric Typewriter--50th Anniversary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#12 Selectric Typewriter--50th Anniversary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#15 Any candidates for best acronyms?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#16 Two new (internal network related) wiki entries
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#17 What is IBM culture?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#29 It's Cool To Be Clever
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#35 How old is the oldest email in your current email inbox?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#2 Soups
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#16 ARPANET's coming out party: when the Internet first took center stage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#33 Last Word on Dennis Ritchie
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#65 Teachers Don't Like Creative Students
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#73 Interesting News Article
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#66 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#80 Term "Open Systems" (as Sometimes Currently Used) is Dead -- Who's with Me?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#99 PROFS & GML
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#66 IMPI (System/38 / AS/400 historical)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#73 Miniskirts and mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#96 Systems thinking--still in short supply
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#103 Median Age of US Managers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#108 25 Years: How the Web began
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#101 Internal Network, NSFNET, Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#8 What Does School Really Teach Children
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#53 E.R. Burroughs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#17 Why Large Companies Can't Innovate
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#43 Formed by Megafloods, This Place Fooled Scientists for Decades
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The ICL 2900 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 18 Mar 2017 10:57:07 -0700jmfbahciv <See.above@aol.com> writes:
or just random change. there were claims when he first came that he
was going to sweep out all the previous top executives ... but it turned
out most of them were kept on.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
mid-80s, top executives were predicting IBM world-wide business would
double (mostly based on mainframe) and there was massive internal
building program to double mainframe related manufacturing ... there
were also a lot of new "fast-track" MBAs rotating around middle
positions ... apparently also in preparation of doubling the business
... this was in spite of that business was already starting to head in
the other direction ... assisted by the communication group stangle hold on
datacenters.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal
former AMEX president and new CEO was long time wallstreet ... which was still heavily dependent on ibm mainframes, including AMEX spinoff FDC (despite the general downturn in mainframe business and migration to "killer micros"). breaking the company into the 13 "baby blues" would have severely impacted that critical dependency. There was lots of selling off stuff, restructuring employee pensions & other benefits, and trying to get into new/different revenue streams.
recent mainframe revenue numbers has been hardware is 4% (or less) of revenue ... but total mainframe business unit is 25% of revenue and 40% of profit ... aka milking software cash cow ... in large part from high value (financial) customers that have critical dependency.
I've posted before about financial/wallstreet late 90s had effort to get off major remaining mainframe usage ... overnight batch settlement; justification including increasing business environment (more work) as well as globalization (more work and shrinking overnight window). The spent billions of dollars on straight through processing (transaction completed instead of queuing for batch overnight completion). They were doing ROI parallelized using standard killer micro parallelization library ... and ignored input that the parallelization library had something like 100 times the overhead of mainframe cobol batch. Major deployments then went down in flames when the throughput was significantly worse than antificapted (totally overwhelmed the increase in resources with large numbers of killer micros) ... and then the industry had major retrenching from moving off mainframe.
Last decade I was involved in taking new parallelization approach to financial industry groups ... which initial was viewed positively. It used process that took high-level business rules and decomposed into fine-grain SQL operations. It then relied on enormous RDBMS industry investment in high throughput cluster operation. Then everything hit a brick wall ... and were finally told there were still a large number of executives that bore the scars of the failed late 90 efforts ... and it would take a new generation before it was attempted again.
Old post about Annals of release no software before its time:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#43 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#47 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#59 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
i.e. IBM RDBMS power cluster troughput scale-up in 2009 ... two decades
after we were working on RDBMS cluster throughput scale-up.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
recent post on doing DLM supporting VAX/Cluster semantics to ease port
to HA/CMP ... but eliminating some VAX/cluster operational and
throughput issues
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#82 The ICL 2900
and upthread reference to "straight-through" processing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#82 The ICL 2900
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Most people are secretly threatened by creativity Date: 18 Mar 2017 Blog: Facebookre:
We've had a number of consulting gigs where they would say they wanted something fixed .... and then when we come up with solution ... they didn't want it. Frequently problems are result of vested interests protecting status quo. I took to commenting that they should be careful for what they asked for. Typically they mean they want something improved as long as it doesn't impact status quo
... in part, disruptive change (upsetting status quo)
I've read the Boyd biographies in paper ... but have become addicted to Kindle ... especially highlighting/quoting ... so have gone back to reread. disclaimer: I used to sponsor Boyd's briefings at IBM.
The Mind of War: John Boyd and American Security, loc271-75:
To his detractors, he was loud, brash, a foe of new technologies, and
an irreconcilable pain in the ass. Boyd was known as someone who
regularly bucked the system. Many knew of him by reputation, but few
really knew him. To some, he was not much different from many good
pilots, just a hard-driving type who usually went too far to get his
way. To many, his greatest skill and damning sin was in pushing his
ideas and end-running the system. He disregarded the chain of command
with impunity and cared little about the rank of those he crossed or
those who agreed with him. The hierarchy that counted was the one
based on sound ideas.
loc351-56:
There are two career paths in front of you, and you have to choose
which path you will follow. One path leads to promotions, titles, and
positions of distinction. To achieve success down that path, you have
to conduct yourself a certain way. You must go along with the system
and show that you are a better team player than your competitors. The
other path leads to doing things that are truly significant for the
Air Force, but the rewards will quite often be a kick in the stomach
because you may have to cross swords with the party line on
occasion. You can't go down both paths, you have to choose. So, do you
want to be a man of distinction or do you want to do things that
really influence the shape of the Air Force? To be or to do, that is
the question.
loc451-54:
What I call Boyd's Way, his thought and vision, is a sort of Western
Zen, oxymoron though that is. It is a state of mind, a learning of the
oneness of things, an appreciation for fundamental insights known in
Eastern philosophy and religion as simply the Way. For Boyd, the Way
is not an end but a process, not a state of mind but a journey. It is
kaleidoscopic in its effect, with new patterns emerging from the same
colored stones of insight and reflection mirrored in constantly
changing patterns.
... snip ...
Neuroscience Learns What Buddhism Has Known For Ages: There is No Constant Self
http://thepowerofideas.ideapod.com/neuroscience-learns-buddhism-known-ages-no-constant-self-3/
Boyd posts & web references
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Movie Computers Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 18 Mar 2017 19:43:05 -0700Joe Pfeiffer <pfeiffer@cs.nmsu.edu> writes:
it has decimal/hex code table with the 360 instruction mnemonic, graphic & control symbol (ebcdic, & bcdic if different), 7-track bcd code, punch card code, and 360 8bit code. 026 would have bcd symbol, 029 with have ebcdic symbol (but for most part the same).
026/029 would have character on keyboard keys ... when typed it would punch the coresponding holes in the column and print the character at the top of card. card punch "multi-punch" allows punch all 256 possible punch combinations.
The IBM 029 Key Punch
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/029.html
This is the first version of IBM's EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal
Interchange Code) character set. Although the repertoire of the 029 card
punch is only 64 characters (sufficient to program in Fotran, PL/I, and
Cobol), EBCDIC is an 8-bit set with a capacity of 256 characters. As
terminals replaced card punches for data entry, lowercase latters,
control characters, and other characters were added in the remaining
space.
... snip ...
029 card punch manual
http://bitsavers.informatik.uni-stuttgart.de/pdf/ibm/punchedCard/Keypunch/029/S225-3358-4_29_FETOM_Mar70.pdf
The IBM 026 Key Punch
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/computinghistory/026.html
Note that the punched-card code is duodecimal (base 12), and is
therefore different from the computer's internal code, which was usually
decimal or binary. The character set -- i.e. the repertoire of
characters, regardless of how they are coded -- in this case is Binary
Coded Decimal Interchange Code, or BCDIC, a 48-character code. BCDIC and
its card code descend directly from the original design of Herman
Hollerith.
.. snip ...
longer discussion of 026/029 punch card & bcd & ebcdic
http://homepage.divms.uiowa.edu/~jones/cards/codes.html
a long discussion also here
http://www.quadibloc.com/comp/cardint.htm
trivia: ebcdic punch combinations use 2**8 subset of the 2**12 possible values (12 row) in each column. it was possible to read card as "column binary" (rather than bcdic/ebcdic) ... where 12 columns are used to represented two 2**6 values (all possible punch hole combinations).
past posts mentioning punch 12-2-9 as hex/decimal "02"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/93.html#17 unit record & other controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#4 1401 overlap instructions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#8 finding object decks with multiple entry points
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#14 IBM Model Numbers (was: First video terminal?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#60 Text (was: Review of Steve McConnell's AFTER THE GOLD RUSH)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#45 Commenting style (was: Call for folklore)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002h.html#1 DISK PL/I Program
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004h.html#17 Google loves "e"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004p.html#24 Systems software versus applications software definitions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005c.html#54 12-2-9 REP & 47F0
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005t.html#47 What is written on the keys of an ICL Hand Card Punch?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006c.html#17 IBM 610 workstation computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006g.html#43 Binder REP Cards (Was: What's the linkage editor really wants?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006g.html#58 REP cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006l.html#64 Large Computer Rescue
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#11 Not Your Dad's Mainframe: Little Iron
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#30 Why these original FORTRAN quirks?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007q.html#69 IBM System/3 & 3277-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007q.html#70 IBM System/3 & 3277-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#32 1975 movie "Three Days of the Condor" tech stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008b.html#46 Usefulness of bidirectional read/write?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#83 Java; a POX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#42 IBM 029 keypunch -- 0-8-2 overpunch -- what hex code results?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#43 IBM 029 keypunch -- 0-8-2 overpunch -- what hex code results?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#56 IBM 029 keypunch -- 0-8-2 overpunch -- what hex code results?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#57 IBM 029 keypunch -- 0-8-2 overpunch -- what hex code results?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#56 Punched Card Combinations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#38 IBM 029 service manual
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#39 IBM 029 service manual
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#34 CMS load module format
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#156 Is true that a real programmer would not stoop to wasting machine capacity to do the assembly?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#73 Paper Tape
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Mind of War Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 19 Mar 2017 12:18:00 -0700One of my favorite people, I use to sponsor his briefings at IBM:
The Mind of War: John Boyd and American Security, log1322-25:
Then Boyd began talking about curves and data on aircraft performance
and such. Christie had access to an IBM 7094 computer, a large one at
the time. He and Boyd began to write the necessary computer programs,
debug them, and start to work on the data they collected. They became
very close and formed an almost symbiotic relationship. Boyd learned a
lot about mathematics, computers, and programming from Christie.
log157-59:
So too did one of the nation's premier aircraft designers, whose work on
something called energy maneuverability theory changed the way aircraft
were designed and tested. He was largely responsible for the development
of the U.S. Air Force's premier fighters, the F-15 Eagle and the F-16
Fighting Falcon.
loc318-21:
Convincing others of the merits of what became the F-16 was an epic
five-year struggle inside the Pentagon. The Air Force senior leadership
did not want the F-16 and worked hard to kill it. Ultimately, a bunch of
upstarts centered in the Tactical Air shop took on the system and
won. Perhaps most remarkable was the creation of a fighter that cost
less than its predecessor, a record likely to stand in perpetuity.
... snip ...
Boyd would tell this story about F15 forces (even after he significantly improved the design) trying to have him thrown in Leavenworth for the rest of his life because he was working on F16; the scenario was he was using millions of dollars in gov. computer designing the F16, which wasn't an approved project, effectively making the computer use, theft of millions of dollars in gov. property (the computer time).
He crossed swords with SECDEF over the electronic surveillance of trail
(coming out of North Vietnam), wouldn't work ... possibly as punishment
he was put in command.of.spook base (Boyd would say that it had the
largest air conditioned bldg in that part of the world). Another of
Boyd's biographies mentions spook base was a $2.5B (in 60s dollars)
windfall for IBM. spook base reference gone 404, but lives on at wayback
machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20030212092342/http://home.att.net/~c.jeppeson/igloo_white.html
posts & web URLs referencing Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 19 Mar 2017 12:31:59 -0700long winded thread
about this computerworld article
Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
http://www.computerworld.com/article/3181809/government-it/cobol-plays-major-role-in-us-government-breaches.html
my archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#60 [EXTERNAL] ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#61 [EXTERNAL] ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
possibly reference computerworld article is misdirection and
obfuscation ... including reference to OPM hack ... however there is a
lot of private equity acquiring beltway bandits and helping account
for enormous increasing in gov. outsourcing to for-profit companies
... they can be under intensive pressure from their private-equity
owners to cut corners, increasing funds for their owners
... contributing to the rapidly spreading success of failure
culture:
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
in intelligence, 70% of budget and over half the people (the 90s CEO
of IBM leaves and becomes head of large private-equity company that
acquires the beltway bandit that will employe Snowden)
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us
Some on OPM contractor and its private-equity owner
https://firstlook.org/theintercept/2015/06/24/opm-contractor-veritas/
https://fcw.com/articles/2015/06/24/house-oversight-opm.aspx
companies involved in private-equity mill account for over half of
corporate defaults
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/05/business/economy/05simmons.html?_r=0
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
success of failure posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
data breach notification
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Movie Computers Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 20 Mar 2017 09:48:05 -0700Charlie Gibbs <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> writes:
read/punch cards as "column binary" was more like terminal controller were all possible 2*12 punch holes were treated as two six bit values ... and "raw" bits moved to/from computer memory (w/o any translation).
I've posted before about doing clone terminal controller and one of
first bugs ...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#59 The ICL 2900
was leading bit was put in high-order bit in byte ... and then
transferred each byte to computer memory. standard ibm (selectric
typewriter based) terminals ... the code on the line was tilt-rotate
code ... movement of the selectric golfball print mechanism ... which
then had to be translated to/from ebcdic (different golfballs could have
different character positions ... so needed different translate tables
for tilt/rotate to/from ebcdic). Our bug was that ibm terminal
controller line/port scanner convention was leading bit on line went
into low-order bit position in byte (bit reversed bytes). This carried
over to ascii terminals that had "ascii" on the line ... when processed
by line/port scanner reversed the order of ascii bits in the byte. The
ascii to/from ebcdic translate tables then weren't straight ascii
to/from ebcdic ... but bit-reversed ascii.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 20 Mar 2017 10:45:21 -0700arnoldt@US.IBM.COM (Todd Arnold) writes:
I had project HSDT that started out dealing with T1.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
The internal network was larger than arpanet/internet from just about
the beginning until sometime mid-80s. A major difference between the
internal network and arpanet/internet (besides being larger network) was
corporate required all links to be encrypted.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
One of my problems was that my slowest speed line was 1.5mbites/sec
second, or around 300kbytes/sec full-duplex. Turns out that software DES
on 3081 ran at 150kbytes/sec per processor. Needed 100% of both 3081
processors dedicated for any software DES encryption. some old crypto
email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#crypto
so external boxes were required for doing any reasonable amount of encryption. However I hated what I had to pay for T1 link encryptors ... and it was almost impossible to find faster link encryption boxes. As a result, I got involved in doing a box that would support at least 3mbyte/sec and cost less than $100 to build. I got slammed by the corporate crypto products group that it significantly weakened the strength of DES standard. It took me three months to figure out how to explain to them what was going on (significantly stronger than DES standard rather than signnificantly weaker). It was a hollow victory ... I was then told that there was only one organization in the world that could use such crypto, I could make as many boxes as I wanted but I had to send all boxes to an address in Maryland. It was when I realized that there are three kinds of crypto in the world, 1) the kind they don't care about, 2) the kind you can't do, 3) the kind you can only do for them.
My other conflict with the communication group ... HSDT was having some
equipment built on the other side of the pacific. The friday before a
trip to the other side of the pacific ... the communication group
distributes an announcement for new online discussion group on high
speed with the following definition:
low-speed: <9.6kbits
medium-speed: 19.2kbits
high-speed: 56kbits
very high-speed: 1.5mbits
on Monday morning, in a conference room on the other side of the
pacific was the following definitions
low-speed: <20mbits
medium-speed: 100mbits
high-speed: 200-300mbits
very high-speed: >600mbits
of course, part of the problem was the fastest that the communicaton
group controller boxes supported was 56kbits. They had even done a study
for the corporate executive committee claiming that customers wouldn't
want T1 before the 90s. They had studied customers running "fat pipes"
(two or more parallel 56kbit links operating as single logical link)
where they found no customers with more than five 56kbit links. What
they didn't know (or failed to present) was that typical tariff for six
56kbit links was the same as single T1 link (1.5mbit) ... so customers
got real T1 and operated them with non-IBM controller.
Upthread I referenced getting roped into doing standard for financial
transactions .... transaction information has been involved in the
majority of the breaches ... from data breach notification work, past
posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#data.breach.notification.notification
We identified that the information could be reused for fraudulent financial transactions ... so previous transaction information had to be kept confidential and never divulged. However previous transaction information was also required in dozens in business processes at millions of locations around the world. This sets up diametrically opposing requirements ... never divulged and always available ... resulting in the comments that even if the planet was buried under miles of information hiding encryption wouldn't stop information leakage. The standard we came up with eliminated such replay attacks, eliminating crooks motivation for breaches and therefor no need to encrypt/hide the information (the problem was while it was minor tweak to the protocol, it resulted in major hit to vested interests trying to preserve some status quo).
I've also pushed the security proportional to risk meme (for the
financial transaction breach theme). The value of the transaction
information to the merchant is profit from the transaction can be a
couple dollars (and a few cents to the transaction processor). The value
of the information to the crooks is the account balance or credit
limit. As a results, the crooks can afford to spend 100 times more on
attacking than merchants can afford spending on defending. recent posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#security.proportional.to.risk
past posts before 2014
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc2.html#security.proportional.to.risk
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 20 Mar 2017 11:08:15 -0700martin_packer@UK.IBM.COM (Martin Packer) writes:
financial has had special dispensation for some (stronger) crypto ... and there was regular gov. representation at financial standards meetings.
in the 90s, as gov. was loosing control of encryption ... for a time there was a gov. push for (allowing crypto but) official escrow of all (encyrption) keys ... I was rep to the key escrow meetings. I did make the case of differentiation between keys used for authentication and keys used for encruyption ... and that it is basic security violation for any but the individual have possession of their authentication keys. the gov. whined that people could cheat and use their authentication keys for encryption .... but that was about the last key escrow meeting.
trivia: in the big 1jan1983 change over of arpanet to internetworking
protocol ... there was approx. 100 IMP network nodes and 255 connected
hosts ... at the time when the internal network was rapidly approaching
1000 nodes. This is old post with list of corporate locations that added
one or more network nodes during 1983:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#8 Arpa address
there was especially difficult problems when links (between corporate
nodes) cross national boundaries (and all internal links required
encryption). ... past internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
past posts mentioning "key escrow"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm16.htm#11 Difference between TCPA-Hardware and a smart card (was: example: secure computing kernel needed)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm18.htm#12 dual-use digital signature vulnerability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm23.htm#6 PGP "master keys"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm9.htm#pkcs12 A PKI Question: PKCS11-> PKCS12
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#39 PKI Implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#53 public key confusion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004i.html#12 New Method for Authenticated Public Key Exchange without Digital Certificates
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006d.html#39 transputers again was Re: The demise of Commodore
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006d.html#40 transputers again was Re: The demise of Commodore
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007c.html#1 Decoding the encryption puzzle
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#48 Data Center Theft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#62 Ransomware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#14 August 7, 1944: today is the 65th Anniversary of the Birth of the Computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#56 About that "Mighty Fortress"... What's it look like?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#85 Key Escrow from a Safe Distance: Looking back at the Clipper Chip
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012.html#65 Reject gmail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#40 The Vindication of Barb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#90 copyright protection/Doug Englebart
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#10 "NSA foils much internet encryption"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#32 Surveillance Reform Theater
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#25 FBI wants 'legislative fix' on device encryption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#39 GM to offer teen driver tracking to parents
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#0 Snowden
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 20 Mar 2017 11:50:03 -0700john@CROSSNO.US (John Crossno) writes:
the enormous outsourcing to "for-profit" operations (especially owned by
private-equity company) that occurred last decade ... and the rapidly
spreading success of failure culture ... especially failures of
dataprocessing projects, a series of failures is more profit than
immediate success
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
including example of outsourcing security clearances to private-equity
owned beltway bandits that were filling out the paperwork, but not
bothering to do background checks
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us
His security clearance was handled by yet another private firm, one now
being probed on suspicion of insufficient diligence in such
investigations.
... snip ...
there was subsequent news that possibly all clearances performed these firms would have to be redone by in-house gov. agencies.
note, not just new dataprocessing (including networks), but article also mentions failed legacy dataprocessing modernization efforts.
past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
we had consulted (essentially for free) on the backend dataprocessing for the year 2000 census (when the effort was audited, I was asked to standup in front of the room and answer all the questions). In the early part of the century, we tried to do something similar for the VA hospital dataprocessing and met with the head staffer on the hill for the VA. They had just come off failed billion dollar dataprocessing modernization effort and was gearing up for a couple billion dollar follow-on. Turns out what we wanted to do was one of the biggest threats to beltway bandits ... impacting their bottom line.
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Movie Computers Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 20 Mar 2017 12:34:53 -0700Jon Elson <jmelson@wustl.edu> writes:
2821 control unit
http://bitsavers.trailing-edge.com/pdf/ibm/28xx/2821/GA24-3312-9_2821_Unit_Description_Oct82.pdf
column binary, I mentioned upthread, pg. 28 "Data Mode 2 - Column Binary
Feature" :
With this feature, the reader can read directly 2 X 80 characters of six
bits each into main storage by transmitting 160 bytes (eight-bit bytes,
each consist- ing of six bits read directly from the card, plus two
high-order zeros). Any punch combination can thus be read into main
storage. With this mode, the punch can punch directly 2 X 80 characters
of six bits each into a card; again the two high -order bits of the
internal eight-bit code are set to zero. Thus, any combination of
punches can be punched.
... snip ...
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Movie Computers Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 20 Mar 2017 16:12:36 -0700scott@slp53.sl.home (Scott Lurndal) writes:
I think you find "column binary" was compatibility with pre-360 and machines that had 6bit bytes (or 36bit words).
I periodically mentioned that I redid 1401 MPIO (handled unit-record front end for 709 that ran tape-to-tape ... and then tapes moved between 709&1401 to do reader->tape and tape->printer/punch.
cards were BCD format (character) or "binary", two six-bit bytes/column most common, the "binary" was the executable output from compilers.
the difference between pre-360 binary executable ... which had difference between BCD (character) mode and "column binary" executable .... and 360 (compiler/assembler) executable ... and each column treated as 2**8 EBCDIC/hexadecimal .... aka didn't have different read operations for character and executable ... character translating from 2**8 possible punch combinations to 8bit bytes.
a couple recent posts mentioning MPIO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#46 Hidden Figures and the IBM 7090 computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#80 Languages
in some past afc discussions involving MPIO ... somebody mentions reading all cards as "column binary" and then (if needed) performing the punch hole combination translation in the computer (rather than having it done in the controller).
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Being Lazy Is the Key to Success, According to the Best-Selling Author of 'Moneyball' Date: 20 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookBeing Lazy Is the Key to Success, According to the Best-Selling Author of 'Moneyball'
In the 70s&80s there was joke in silicon valley that there was really only 200 ... it seemed like more because they moved around and did so much. At conferences people could bring unannounced products for competitors to play with ... and everybody played by the understood rules. Then in the 90s, money people had moved in and the whole culture changed
Many of those 200, knew they were the best in the world at what they did and had little motivation in preserving the status quo. There was a big overlap between that culture and Boyd's To Be or To Do (I sponsored Boyd's briefings in silicon valley in the 80s).
"The Mind of War", loc351-56:
There are two career paths in front of you, and you have to choose
which path you will follow. One path leads to promotions, titles, and
positions of distinction. To achieve success down that path, you have
to conduct yourself a certain way. You must go along with the system
and show that you are a better team player than your competitors. The
other path leads to doing things that are truly significant for the
Air Force, but the rewards will quite often be a kick in the stomach
because you may have to cross swords with the party line on occasion.
You can't go down both paths, you have to choose. So, do you want to
be a man of distinction or do you want to do things that really
influence the shape of the Air Force? To be or to do, that is the
question.
loc1770-73:
Some of the ideas that improved the F-15 were a result of Boyd's
analysis, but others got credit for them. Several observers of the
process reiterate that Boyd's competitive personality, dogged
fixation, and pugnacious style became his own worst enemy. So some of
Boyd's ideas were carried forward successfully by others. He didn't
mind, and neither did they. The final product was better for the
effort, and that is what counted in the long run.
... snip ...
It wasn't unusual to find some pulling 48hr shifts because they were lost in what was being done. Our conferences still require rooms that are opened around the clock (24hrs/day).
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 20 Mar 2017 17:04:32 -0700re:
more on the enormous outsourcing that occurred last decade
Why does WikiLeaks keep publishing U.S. state secrets? Private
contractors. By outsourcing key intelligence work, the government has
made classified material more vulnerable.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2017/03/16/the-reason-wikileaks-receives-so-many-u-s-state-secrets-private-contractors/
The crux of the problem may be privatized intelligence itself. That's
the view of veteran intelligence reporter Edward Epstein in his
contentious but informative new book, "How America Lost Its Secrets."
... snip ...
the above article glosses over security clearances had also been outsourced and was found to not be done to required standards.
Former CEO of IBM last century ... leaves to become head of one of the
large private-equity companies that acquires the beltway bandit that
will employ Snowden. One of the issues is that government contractors
(and beltway bandits) can't use money from gov. contracts to lobby
congress (recent convictions for some contractors involved in Hanford
cleanup) ... however private-equity companies can lobby on behalf of
their owned companies (70% of budget and over half of the people).
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us
and futher contributes to the rapidly spreading success of failure
culture
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
so major part of the enormous outsourcing that went on last decade ... is the enormous lobbying of congress. A counter folklore justification was that cyber & dataprocessing competitive salaries had increased to point that it would place thousands more people at grade requiring congressional approval. It would be easier to approve large number of contract appropriations (which would also result in large amounts spent on congressional lobbying) rather than figuring out how to deal with the congressional approval needed for all those gov employees (that would have consumed all congressional hours).
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 20 Mar 2017 18:09:37 -0700re:
latest in the theme
Why does WikiLeaks keep publishing U.S. state secrets? Private
contractors. By outsourcing key intelligence work, the government has
made classified material more vulnerable.
https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2017/03/16/the-reason-wikileaks-receives-so-many-u-s-state-secrets-private-contractors/
The crux of the problem may be privatized intelligence itself. That's the view of veteran intelligence reporter Edward Epstein in his contentious but informative new book, "How America Lost Its Secrets."
... snip ...
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Trump's crackdown focuses on people in the U.S. illegally - but not on the businesses that hire them Date: 20 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookTrump's crackdown focuses on people in the U.S. illegally - but not on the businesses that hire them
this talks about chamber of commerce lobbying congress heavily after
the turn of the century on behalf of businesses employing illegal
workers:
https://www.amazon.com/Influence-Machine-Commerce-Corporate-American-ebook/dp/B00NDTUDHA/
Early 90s, AMEX spins off a lot of its (large part mainframe) dataprocessing as FDC in the largest IPO up until that time. Mid-90s, FDC and First Financial were in competition to acquire Western Union; FDC drops out because WU financials weren't very good. Later in the 90s, FDC & First Financial merge ... FDC has divest MoneyGram as part of the merger, WU financials are still poor. However after the turn of the century there was huge explosion in illegal workers sending paychecks home and by 2005, WU earnings was half of FDC bottom line. At that point, WU is spun off. Contributing factor may have been the President of Mexico inviting FDC executives to Mexico to be thrown in jail.
past "chamber of commerce" refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#90 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#91 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#38 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#44 Thanks Obama
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#102 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#18 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#63 One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: A 40-year 'conspiracy' at the VA; The Department of Veterans Affairs built perhaps the most important medical computer system in history Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 21 Mar 2017 09:47:28 -0700A 40-year 'conspiracy' at the VA; The Department of Veterans Affairs built perhaps the most important medical computer system in history. Now it's about to spend billions to throw it away.
there have been a whole slew of failed billion dollar "modernization"
efforts over the decades ... all part of success of failure culture
permeating the federal government
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
recent posts mentioning talking to lead VA staffer on the hill about the
medical computer system:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#39 Failure as a Way of Life; The logic of lost wars and military-industrial boondoggles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#107 Qbasic - lies about Medicare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#12 Why a Single-Payer Health Care System is Inevitable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#40 Misc. Success of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#76 GLBA & Glass-Steagall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#71 ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
Success of Failure posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: An OODA-loop is a far-from-equilibrium, non-linear system with feedback Date: 22 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookAn OODA-loop is a far-from-equilibrium, non-linear system with feedback
Related to F16 .... Fly-By-Wire
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly-by-wire
Analog computers also allowed some customization of flight control
characteristics, including relaxed stability. This was exploited by
the early versions of F-16, giving it impressive maneuverability.
Relaxed Stability
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Relaxed_stability
and Negative Stability
https://www.quora.com/What-is-negative-stability-in-F16-fighter
The static stability of a system is defined by the initial tendency to
return to equilibrium conditions following some disturbance from
equilibrium. If an object [aircraft] is disturbed from equilibrium and
has the tendency to return to equilibrium, positive static stability
exists.
"If the object [aircraft] has a tendency to continue in the direction
of disturbance, negative static stability, or static instability
exists." (Aerodynamics for Naval Aviators)
The initial tendency to continue in the displacement direction is
evidence of static instability and the increasing amplitude is proof
of dynamic instability.
... snip ...
Equilibrium is a state of a system which does not change.
https://www.ma.utexas.edu/users/davis/375/popecol/lec9/equilib.html
simple
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonlinear_system
In physical sciences, a nonlinear system is a system in which the
change of the output is not proportional to the change of the
input.[1] Nonlinear problems are of interest to engineers,
physicists[2] and mathematicians and many other scientists because
most systems are inherently nonlinear in nature[citation
needed]. Nonlinear systems may appear chaotic, unpredictable or
counterintuitive, contrasting with the much simpler linear systems.
Do we think differently? Linear vs. Non-linear thinking
http://chuckslamp.com/index.php/2009/04/11/non-linearthinking/
Linear Thinking is defined as: a process of thought following known
cycles or step-by-step progression where a response to a step must be
elicited before another step is taken.
... snip ...
in briefings Boyd would emphasize that observations be made from every possible facet (as countermeasure to orientation bias ... but also construed for sequential linear bias) ... as well as all parts of OODA operated continuously (not stepwise sequential)
postings &/or web URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Great mainframe history(?) Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 22 Mar 2017 21:24:04 -0700mainframe history from couple years ago, recently posted to mainframe mailing list
Between 360 and 370 there was ACS/360 ... that was killed w/o ever being
announced (executives thought it might advance state-of-the-art too fast
and company might loose control of the market)
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html
Old discussion about justification for all 370s moving to dynamic
address translation (virtual memory). Problem was that MVT storage
management was so bad, regions had to be four times larger than normally
used (standard 370/165 1mbyte configurations only can practically run
four regions). Moving to dynamic address, MVT could increase number
regions by four times with little or no paging.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73
During Future System program (which was going to completely different
from 370 and going to replace 370) internal politics was killing off 370
efforts; the lack of 370 products during FS period is credited with
giving clone processor makers a market foothold. With the death of FS,
there was mad rush to get products back into the 370 pipeline. 3033 and
3081 were kicked off in parallel. some detailed references on FS, 3033,
and 3081
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm
some FS posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
The head of POK also managed to convince corporate to kill off vm370
product, shutdown the vm370 development group and transfer all the
people to POK (or otherwise they weren't going to be able to ship MVS/XA
on time some 7-8yrs later). They weren't going to tell the vm370 until
the very last minute to minimize the number of people that might
escape. Somehow the information leaked early and number of the people
managed to find other employment in the Boston area (joke that head of
POK was one of the major contributors to the new DEC VAX/VMS
project). Endicott did manage to save the vm370 product mission but had
to reconstitute a development from scratch. During this period there was
customer comments about VM370 code quality on VMSHARE
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare
sometimes(?) "404" ... but also at wayback machine
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/
There were some of the original VM370 that went to POK that did work on
the tool virtual machine facility in support of MVS/XA development that
was never intended to be made available to customers. Later when
customers weren't migrating to MVS/XA as expected, there was decision to
release the tool as the migration aid. As part of the tool, there was
SIE (interpretive execution) microcode. SIE was never intended to be
production performance, in part because there was insufficent room for
the microcode, so it had to be swapped in and out. Old email discussion
that for 3090 SIE was designed to be some real production operation
(compared to 3081).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#email810630
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#email831118
old email about Amdahl's hypervisor, I had done a lot of work on
Endicott's ECPS microcode assist
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21
and gave presentations on the implementation at monthly user group
meetings. Amdahl would talk to me about their hypervisor implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#email801121
a number of yrs later IBM responds to hypervisor with PR/SM for 3090;
3090 announce 12Feb1985
https://web.archive.org/web/20230719145910/https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP3090.html
3090 service processor (3092) was originally to be a 4331 running customized version of vm370 release 6 with all service screens done in CMS IOS3270. The service processor was then enhanced to a pair of redundant 4361s ... which also explains the requirement for pair of 3370 FBA devices.
Other trivia, original sql/relational (System/R) was done in bldg28 on
vm370 370/145. The official follow-on new corporate DBMS was EAGLE. While
company was preoccupied with EAGLE, was able to do technology transfer
to Endicott for release as SQL/DS. When EAGLE finally implodes, a
request is made about how long it would take to port to MVS which is
eventually announced as DB2 originally for decision support only. Lots
of history at the System/R reunion site
http://www.mcjones.org/System_R/
initial release 1983
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_DB2
old posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: GREAT presentation on the history of the mainframe Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 23 Mar 2017 08:56:35 -0700also
Between 360 and 370 there was ACS/360 ... that was killed w/o ever
being announced (executives thought it might advance state-of-the-art
too fast and company might loose control of the market). note
discussion that some of the ACS/360 features show up more than 20yrs
later with es/9000
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html
Old discussion about justification for all 370s moving to dynamic
address translation. Problem was that MVT storage management was so
bad, regions had to be four times larger than normally used (standard
370/165 1mbyte configurations only can practically run four
regions). Moving to 16mbyte virtual memoy, MVT could increase number regions
by four times with little or no paging.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73
During Future System program (which was going to be completely
different from 370 and going to replace 370) internal politics was
killing off 370 efforts; the lack of 370 products during FS period is
credited with giving clone processor makers a market foothold. With
the death of FS, there was mad rush to get products back into the 370
pipeline. 3033 and 3081 were kicked off in parallel. some detailed
references on FS, 3033, and 3081
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
303x external channels (channel director) was 158 engine with integrated channel microcode (and no 370 microcode). 3033 started out as 168-3 logic remapped to 20% faster chips. 3032 was 168-3 with new covers and using channel director. 3031 was 158 engine with just 370 microcode (and no integrated channel microcode) and 2nd 158 engine with integrated channel microcode (and no 370 microcode) ... a 3031MP was four 158 engines ... two dedicated for processors and two dedicated for channel directors.
The head of POK also managed to convince corporate to kill off vm370
product, shutdown the vm370 development group and transfer all the
people to POK (or otherwise they weren't going to be able to ship
MVS/XA on time some 7-8yrs later). They weren't going to tell the
vm370 until the very last minute to minimize the number of people that
might escape. Somehow the information leaked early and number of the
people managed to find other employment in the Boston area (joke that
head of POK was one of the major contributors to the new DEC VAX/VMS
project). Endicott did manage to save the vm370 product mission but
had to reconstitute a development from scratch. During this period
there was customer comments about VM370 code quality on VMSHARE
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare
sometimes(?) "404" ... but also at wayback machine
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare/
There were some of the original VM370 that went to POK that did work
on the tool virtual machine facility in support of MVS/XA development
that was never intended to be made available to customers. Later when
customers weren't migrating to MVS/XA as planned, there was decision
to release the tool as the migration aid. As part of the tool, there
was SIE (interpretive execution) microcode. SIE was never intended to
be production performance, in part because there was insufficent room
for the microcode, so it had to be swapped in and out. Old email
discussion that for 3090 SIE was designed to be some real production
operation (compared to 3081).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#email810630
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#email831118
old email about Amdahl's hypervisor, I had done a lot of work on
Endicott's ECPS microcode assist and gave presentations on the
implementation at monthly user group meetings.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21
Amdahl would talk to me about their hypervisor implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#email801121
a number of yrs later IBM responds to hypervisor with PR/SM for 3090;
3090 announce 12Feb1985
https://web.archive.org/web/20230719145910/https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP3090.html
3090 service processor (3092) was originally to be a 4331 running customized version of vm370 release 6 with all service screens done in CMS IOS3270. The service processor was then enhanced to a pair of redundant 4361s ... which also explains the requirement for pair of 3370 FBA devices (even for MVS customers, which has never supported FBA devices). CKD devices are still being required, even tho no real CKD devices have been made for decades ... simulated on industry standard fixed-block.
Other trivia, original sql/relational (System/R) was done in bldg28 on
vm370 370/145. The official follow-on new corporate DBMS was
EAGLE. While company was preoccupied with EAGLE, was able to do
technology transfer to Endicott for release as SQL/DS. When EAGLE
finally implodes, a request is made about how long it would take to
port to MVS which is eventually announced as DB2 ... originally for
decision support only. Lots of history at the System/R reunion site
http://www.mcjones.org/System_R/
initial release 1983
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_DB2
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
other trivia ... before ms/dos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS
there was seattle computer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle_Computer_Products
before seattle computer there was cp/m,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/M
before doing cp/m, kildall worked with cp/67 (precursor to vm370) at npg
school
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Postgraduate_School
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Great mainframe history(?) Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 23 Mar 2017 14:40:31 -0700Gareth's Downstairs Computer <headstone255.but.not.these.five.words@yahoo.com> writes:
early 80s had project called HSDT (high speed data transport)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
part included working with director of NSF and was suppose
to get $20M to interconnect the NSF supercomputer centers
(then congress cuts the budget, some other things happen
and eventually NSF releases RFP) ... some old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet
and past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet
part of HSDT included having some equipment built on the other side of pacific ... business trips over there they liked to show off lots of their stuff. At the time they were designing surface mount chips with contacts on the bottom and consumer electronic assembly line looked almost like they were spraying black paint on boards ... in actuallity, it was densely packed (surface mount) chips.
at the time, there were a couple places in the US that produced what they claimed to be surface mount chips ... but were actually standard chips with the connections cut flush with the bottom of the chip.
other recent post about HSDT having some equipment built on
the other side of the pacific:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#69 ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Great mainframe history(?) Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 23 Mar 2017 15:02:41 -0700re:
I also claimed that $300 cdrom player had better technology than what I was getting from $10k-$20k (high-speed) computer modems.
HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
past posts specifically mentioning $300 cdrom players
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001j.html#23 OT - Internet Explorer V6.0
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#77 a.f.c history checkup... (was What specifications will the standard year 2001 PC have?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#43 360 longevity, was RISCs too close to hardware?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#44 360 longevity, was RISCs too close to hardware?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005n.html#27 Data communications over telegraph circuits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006.html#45 IBM 610 workstation computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006q.html#62 Cray-1 Anniversary Event - September 21st
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#50 Is computer history taugh now?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007q.html#50 US or China?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#59 MasPar compiler and simulator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009q.html#0 Anyone going to Supercomputers '09 in Portland?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#26 Tapes versus vinyl
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#35 Masters in strategy ... seeking advice
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#1 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#33 SNA vs TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#68 No Internet. No Microsoft Windows. No iPods. This Is What Tech Was Like In 1984
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#41 President Obama announces semiconductor industry working group to review U.S. competitiveness
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Great mainframe history(?) Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 23 Mar 2017 21:49:26 -0700Quadibloc <jsavard@ecn.ab.ca> writes:
they would have been doing 1/9th & 1/3rd which would have been a lot
simpler and provided funding while they worked on full performance
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html
To achieve a profit for the ACS program, Amdahl asked IBM management
to approve three ACS/360 models: the high-performance design, a 1/3
performance version, and a 1/9 performance version. He felt that these
performance goals would be a good fit with the System 360 marketing
plans. He remembers that IBM Corporate Marketing evaluated the targets
and reported: "1) the supercomputer alone was a loss leader! 2) the
supercomputer plus the 1/3 performance computer was break-even! And 3)
the supercomputer plus both the 1/3 performance computer and the 1/9
performance computer was normal profit -- 30% pre-tax!" He remembers
meeting with "the Divisional President and Vice President who worked
on me for over an hour to get me to modify the multipliers of my 3
computers (which would increase their cost without increasing their
market acceptance nearly as much)." Amdahl countered with a
recommendation to shut down ACS. In May 1969, IBM management canceled
ACS.
... snip ...
other parts of ACS
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs.html
and legacy
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_legacy.html
and John Cocke
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_people.html
In his Turing Award paper in 1988, he said that ACS "was probably the
most exciting project I have ever been involved in." During the
project, "I learned the importance of not including hardware features
that the compiler could not use and including hardware facilities to
allow efficient compilation." This directly led to his work on the IBM
801 and the RISC instruction set design philosophy that impacted
microprocessors in the 1980s.
... snip ...
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Great mainframe history(?) Date: 24 Mar 2017 Blog: Facebookre:
more likely SQL/DS (1981) ... which predated DB2 (1983)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_SQL/DS
old email from Jim Gray, about showdown with "Father of QBE,
Arch-enemy of System R"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#email800310
when Gray was leaving for Tandem, he palmed some number of things off
on me, including working with early System/R customers and consulting
with the IMS development group, old email.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#email801016
SQL/DS (transfer of System/R to Endicott) was first IBM sql/relational
product (while company was preoccupied with EAGLE). This is old post
discussing Jan1992 meeting in Ellison's conference room. The Oracle
senior VP would say when he was at STL, he was primary person
responsible for transfer of SQL/DS from Endicott back to STL for (MVS)
DB2 (after official next DBMS product, EAGLE implodes).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
as an aside, predating both SQL & QBE were 4th generation languages,
originally from Mathematica ... all done for (virtual machine) CP67
and/or VM370 commerical service bureaus ... past post discussing
RAMIS, NOMAD, FOCUS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#27
and
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramis_software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomad_software
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOCUS
http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/information-builders-inc-history/
Note that RS6000 group was forced to use PS2 microchannel cards and
couldn't do their own; there was joke that the result would be that
RS6000 wouldn't have better throughput than PS2. An example was for
PC/RT, they did their own 4mbit T/R card (for 16bit PC/AT bus) that
had higher per card throughput than the PS2 (32bit) microchannel
16mbit T/R card. A gimmick to get around these horrible problems with
corporate hdqtrs was to come out with RS6000/730 which had a VMEbus
rather than microchannel. The communication group had design point for
16mbit T/R card was 300 or more stations sharing the same LAN with
very low per card throughput all doing dumb terminal emulation.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
more trivia: late 80s, senior disk engineer gets talk scheduled at
world-wide annual internal communication group conference, supposedly
on 3174 performance ... but opens the talk with statement that the
communication group will be responsible for the demise of the disk
division. The issue was that the communication group had corporate
strategic ownership of everything that crosses the datacenter walls
and was fiercely fighting off distributed computing and client/server
(trying to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm and install
base). The disk division was seeing data fleeing the data center to
more distributed computing platforms with drop in disk sales. They had
come up with several solutions that were constantly vetoed by the
communication group. A few short years later, the company has gone
into the red and was being reorganized into the 13 "baby blues" in
preparation for breaking up the company.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal
gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
other trivia: one of the reason that we were working with non-IBM
RDBMS vendors for RS6000 and our HA/CMP product was that DB2 was
strictly mainframe. IBM Toronto had recently been commissioned to do
new RDBMS in C-language for OS/2 ... that would be called "DB2" and
could be ported to RS6000, but it would be very low performance and
limited function for a very long time. The STL (mainframe) DB2 group
was complaining that if I was allowed to go ahead, it would be at
least 5yrs ahead of them (closer to 10-15yrs). Within a few weeks of
the Jan1992 Ellison meeting, the HA/CMP cluster scale-up was
transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer for "technical and
scientific" only (no RDBMS commercial) and we were told we couldn't
work on anything with more than four processors (shortly later we
leave IBM).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: GREAT presentation on the history of the mainframe Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 24 Mar 2017 10:43:14 -0700arnoldt@US.IBM.COM (Todd Arnold) writes:
nearly all 360s & 370s had integrated channels (engine was shared between simulating 360/370 instructions and running channel microcode) ... it was only the high-end machines that had dedicated external channles 360/65 & above, 165/168, etc.
Boeblingen got their hands slapped by corporate for the 370/115 & 370/125. The 370/115 had nine-position memory bus for microprocessors ... all identical ... one microprocessor was programmed for simulating 370 instructions and one or several other microprocessors programmed with controller microcode (i.e. not only integrated channels, but also integrated controllers). The 370/125 was identical to the 370/115 except the microprocessor running the 370 instruction simulation microcode was 50% faster (than the other microprocessors).
Very few customer 115/125 configurations had more than 2-3 controller
microprocessors, so they suck me into doing a 5-way SMP multiprocessor
design for 370/125 (I also do a bunch of enhancements including queued
IO/interrupt akin to what is later seen with 370/xa, I also drop
microcode queued interface for multiprocessing dispatching). Endicott
also sucks me into do a lot of work on the microcode enhancements for
138/148.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#bounce
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
Endicott then complains tht the 5-way 370/125 SMP has better performance and better price/performance than 370/148 and I'm required in escalation meetings to argue both sides. Endicott wins ... and the 5-way SMP 370/125 is never announced.
In the late 70s, there was an effort to replace the myriad of
different internal microprocessors with 801/risc (Iliad) ... to
simplify the enormous development & programming environments for
each unique microprocessor ... aka the 4361&4381 follow-on to
4331&4341, the S/38, nearly every controller. etc. The follow-on to
the displaywriter was also going to be 801/risc romp. In any case, all
of these efforts floundered for various reasons.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
The channel latency processing of the 370/158 intergrated channels was much slower than the high end external channels ... characteristic which is then carried over to the whole 303x family (3031, 3032, 3033). An example was that even the 4341 integrated channel with minor tweak was able to handle the 3880/3380 3mbyte/sec speed (and could be used in bldg14&15 for 3880/3380 testing).
trivia: 138/148 microcode enhancement. Typical 370 (vertical)
microcode simulation ran avg. of ten native instructions for every 370
instruction. I was told that there was 6kbytes worth of available
microcode space ... and the objective was identify the highest used
6kbytes of supervisor code for dropping into microcode for 10:1
speedup. old post that 6kbytes of kernel highest used pathlength
accounted for 79.55% of kernel processing time (reduced to 8% when
dropped into native microcode, 10:1 speedup)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21
other trivia: low&mid-range was vertical microcode ... so those
360&370 machines were little like the Hercules simulation (and
native MIP rate was ten times faster than 370 MIP rate).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#mcode
The high-end machines were horizontal micrcode ... and rather than measured in avg native instructions to 360/370 instructions ... high-end machines were measured in avg. machine cycles per 360/370 instructions (in part because of high level of hardware integration and overlap). Part of the move from 370/165 to 370/168 was replacing the 2mic memory with 400ns memory (cache miss latency reduced). The other part was optimizing the horizontal microcode reducing the avg. machine cycles from 2.1 to 1.6. 3033 started out with moving 168 logic to 20% faster chips ... but they also further optimized horizontal microcode getting down close to avg of one machine cycle per 370 instruction.
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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: GREAT presentation on the history of the mainframe Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 24 Mar 2017 13:18:54 -0700lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) writes:
note later, 3033 was really threatened by 4341 ... clusters of 4341 had better performance, throughput, price/performance, lower floor footprint, lower environmentals and power/instruction than 3033. at one point head of POK was so threatened that he got allocation of critical 4341 manufacturing component cut in half.
some large customers were also ordering hundreds of 4300s at a time for placing out in departmental areas ... the leading edge of the coming distributed computing tsunami. Internally, IBM was putting so many distributed 4300s out in departmental conference rooms that conference rooms became a scarce commodity.
The big explosion in distributed 4300s also attracted the MVS group,
they had the problem was that the only disks for non-datacenter were FBA
and MVS never bothered with FBA support. Eventually they did come out
with 3375, CKD simulated on FBA3370 ... however it didn't do much good,
the distributed environment requirement was also for scores of 4300
systems per support person ... while MVS required scores of support
people per system. some old 4300 email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#4341
I also got sucked into doing early benchmarks (on engineering 4341) for
national lab that was looking at getting 70 for compute farm ... leading edge
of the coming cluster supercomputers. single 4341 benchmarked faster
than 370/158 and 3031 (in addition to clusters having better throughput
and price/performance than 3033). past posts mentioning "RAIN" benchmark
(objective was that it run approx. as fast as CDC6600)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#0 Is a VAX a mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001d.html#67 Pentium 4 Prefetch engine?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#0 Microcode?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#75 Computers in Science Fiction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#7 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#12 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#19 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#22 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#4 misc. old benchmarks (4331 & 11/750)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#68 IBM zSeries in HPC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005m.html#25 IBM's mini computers--lack thereof
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#31 The Future of CPUs: What's After Multi-Core?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#21 moving on
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#62 Cycles per ASM instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#54 mainframe performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#67 ACP, One of the Oldest Open Source Apps
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009r.html#37 While watching Biography about Bill Gates on CNBC last Night
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#65 Comparing YOUR Computer with Supercomputers of the Past
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#40 IBM Watson's Ancestors: A Look at Supercomputers of the Past
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#45 Under what circumstances would it be a mistake to migrate applications/workload off the mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#38 DEC/PDP minicomputers for business in 1968?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#53 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#61 I Must Have Been Dreaming (36-bit word needed for ballistics?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#37 History--computer performance comparison chart
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#71 Miniskirts and mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#106 DOS descendant still lives was Re: slight reprieve on the z
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#116 How the internet was invented
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#44 Resurrected! Paul Allen's tech team brings 50-year-old supercomputer back from the dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#49 Resurrected! Paul Allen's tech team brings 50-year -old supercomputer back from the dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#51 Resurrected! Paul Allen's tech team brings 50-year -old supercomputer back from the dead
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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: GREAT presentation on the history of the mainframe Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 24 Mar 2017 13:37:56 -0700R.Skorupka@BREMULTIBANK.COM.PL (R.S.) writes:
FE had failure diagnoses requirement for bootstrap scope'able process. 3081 were inside TCM and no longer scope'able. Process was then a scope'able service processor ... that could be diagnosed/repaired and then the service processor had large number of probes into TCMs and the service processor could be used to diagnose the TCMs. The 3081 service processor was UC microprocessor and everything had to be developed and implemented from scratch.
For the 3090, they originally planned on using a 4331 with a highly
modified version of vm370/cms release 6 as the service process ... with
all service screens done in CMS IOS3270. This was upgraded to a pair of
redundant 4361s. The 3092 ("service processor", i.e. pair of 4361s) has
requirement for two FBA3370s (even for MVS customers that never
supported FBA). ... 3090 announced 12Feb1985 (including requirement for
two FBA3370s for 3092 service processor)
https://web.archive.org/web/20230719145910/https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP3090.html
I had done a lot of work on ECPS microcode assist and later would
give talks on the implementation at monthly user group meetings ...
and the Amdahl people would talk to me about their hypervisor
implementation ... old email from 1980
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#email801121
mentioned in upthread discussion in this post archived here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#81 GREAT presentation on the history of the mainframe
IBM eventually responds to Amdahl's hypervisor with PR/SM & LPAR on the 3090 (announced 12Feb1985)
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From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: GREAT presentation on the history of the mainframe Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 24 Mar 2017 13:56:26 -0700lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) writes:
other 3092 lore. Early in the days of REX (before rename to REXX and release to customers), I wanted to demonstrate REX was not just another pretty scripting language so I chose as demonstration to rewrite IPCS (dump reader, huge amount of assembler code) in less than 3months elapsed time working less than half time would have ten times the function and run ten times faster (some tricky coding to make interpreted rex run ten times faster than assembler). I finished early, so developed a set of automated library routines that would examine for the most common types of failures.
I thot that it would then be released to customers as upgrade to existing IPCS, but for some reason that never happened .... even tho it came to be in use by nearly every internal datacenter and customer PSR. I eventually got permission to make presentations on DUMPRX and how it was implemented ... and within several months, similar implementations started appearing at customers.
Eventually the 3092 service process group contacted me about including
it in 3092 release. Since their vm370/cms release 6 was heavily
modified and out-of-date, they had to do almost all the service
themselves and they relied heavily on DUMPRX. some old email from the
3092 group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#email861031
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#email861223
past posts mentioning dumprx
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dumprx
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Economist, Harry Dent Hints: Global Banks Facing a Serious Crisis in Months Ahead Date: 24 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookEconomist, Harry Dent Hints: Global Banks Facing a Serious Crisis in Months Ahead
2002, congress lets the fiscal responsibility act lapse (spending can't exceed tax revenue, on its way to eliminating all federal debt). 2010 CBO report 2003-2009, tax revenue dropped by $6T and spending increased by $6T for $12T gap compared to fiscal responsiblity budget. 2005, US Comptroller General started including in speeches that nobody in congress was capable of middle school arithmetic (for what they were doing to the budget). Since then taxes weren't restored and only modest spending cuts so debt has continued to increase.
fiscal responsibility act
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fiscal.responsibility.act
US Comptroller General
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#comptroller.general
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
Sort of confluence of 1) Federal Reserve and wallstreet wanted huge federal debt, 2) wallstreet and special interests wanted huge tax cut, 3) military-industrial complex wanted huge spending increase.
TARP was supposedly passed to bail-out TBTF by buying off-book toxic assets. However, only $700B was appropriated and YE2008, just the four largest TBTF were still carrying $5.2T off-book. TARP was then used for other stuff, and the Federal Reserve does the real "bail-out" by buying trillions in off-book assets at 98cents on the dollar (had gone for 22cents on the dollar) and providing tens of trillions in ZIRP funds. FEDs fought hard legal battle to prevent disclosing what they were doing. When they lost, the FED chairman had press conference and said that he thought the TBTF would use ZIRP to help mainstreet, but when they didn't, he couldn't force them (although that didn't stop ZIRP). Claim is TBTF have used ZIRP for treasuries, clearing avg. $300B/annum (but requires huge federal debt).
too big to fail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
toxic CDOs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
FED Chairmans
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#bernanke
Churchill has account of starting the oil & middle east mess before
WW1 (needing to switch from 13.5in to 15in guns which required
switching from coal to oil). loc2012-14:
From the beginning there appeared a ship carrying ten 15-inch guns,
and therefore at least 600 feet long with room inside her for engines
which would drive her 21 knots and capacity to carry armour which on
the armoured belt, the turrets and the conning tower would reach the
thickness unprecedented in the British Service of 13 inches.
loc2087-89:
To build any large additional number of oil-burning ships meant basing
our naval supremacy upon oil. But oil was not found in appreciable
quantities in our islands. If we required it, we must carry it by sea
in peace or war from distant countries.
loc2123-24:
An unbroken series of consequences conducted us to the Anglo-Persian
Oil Convention.
... snip ...
In the early 50s, the elected government wants to revue the contract
... CIA
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kermit_Roosevelt,_Jr.
helps UK with coup
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat
and Schwarzkoph (senior) training secret police to help keep Shah in
power
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAVAK
Another part of Bretton Woods is the primary US person, asst SECTREAS
White ... was also working on behalf of Stalin. Stalin was dealing
with nearly all of German military on one front and was afraid Japan
would come in on his other front (already 2/3rds of Japan military was
devoted to China). Stalin sent White a draft of demands for US to
present to Japan, that Stalin felt would prompt Japan to attack US
(which would preclude Japan attacking Soviets)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Dexter_White#Venona_project
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hull_note#Interpretations
https://www.amazon.com/Battle-Bretton-Woods-Relations-University-ebook/dp/B00B5ZQ72Y/
Japan attacks US and also brings US into European war ... Soviets then only has to deal with 3/4ths of German military.
past posts mentioning British Navy transition to oil:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#78 The World Crisis, Vol. 1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#102 "Computer & Automation" later issues--anti-establishment thrust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#21 US and UK have staged coups before
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#23 Frieden calculator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#102 Chain of Title: How Three Ordinary Americans Uncovered Wall Street's Great Foreclosure Fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#39 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#72 A Coal Fire May Have Helped Sink the 'Titanic'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#33 CBS News: WikiLeaks claims to release thousands of CIA documents of computer activity
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Godwin's Law should force us to remember & fear our shared heritage with Nazi Germany Date: 25 Mar 2017 Blog: FacebookGodwin's Law should force us to remember & fear our shared heritage with Nazi Germany
John Foster Dulles played major role in rebuilding Germany's economy,
industry and military during 20s&30s.
https://www.amazon.com/Brothers-Foster-Dulles-Allen-Secret-ebook/dp/B00BY5QX1K/
loc865-68:
In mid-1931 a consortium of American banks, eager to safeguard their
investments in Germany, persuaded the German government to accept a
loan of nearly $500 million to prevent default. Foster was their
agent. His ties to the German government tightened after Hitler took
power at the beginning of 1933 and appointed Foster's old friend
Hjalmar Schacht as minister of economics.
loc905-7:
Foster was stunned by his brother's suggestion that Sullivan &
Cromwell quit Germany. Many of his clients with interests there,
including not just banks but corporations like Standard Oil and
General Electric, wished Sullivan & Cromwell to remain active
regardless of political conditions.
loc938-40:
At least one other senior partner at Sullivan & Cromwell, Eustace
Seligman, was equally disturbed. In October 1939, six weeks after the
Nazi invasion of Poland, he took the extraordinary step of sending
Foster a formal memorandum disavowing what his old friend was saying
about Nazism
... snip ...
June1940, Germany had a victory celebration at the NYC Waldorf-Astoria
with major industrialists. Lots of them were there to hear how to do
business with the Nazis
https://www.amazon.com/Man-Called-Intrepid-Incredible-Narrative-ebook/dp/B00V9QVE5O/
From the law of unintended consequences; 1943 US Strategic Bombing Program, they needed German industrial and military targets and coordinates, they got the information and detailed plans from wallstreet.
Later 5000 industrialists from across the US had conference (also) at
NYC Waldorf-Astoria and in part because they had gotten such bad
reputation for the depression and supporting Nazi Germany, they
approved a major propaganda campaign to equate capitalism with
Christianity
https://www.amazon.com/One-Nation-Under-God-Corporate-ebook/dp/B00PWX7R56/
Part of the propaganda campaign results in "In God We Trust" being added to money and "Under God" being added to the pledge.
past posts mentioning Dulles Brothers:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#11 UK government plans switch from Microsoft Office to open source
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#19 UK government plans switch from Microsoft Office to open source
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#35 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#36 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#26 channel islands, definitely not the location of LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#62 IBM Data Processing Center and Pi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#13 Keydriven bit permutations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#52 IBM Data Processing Center and Pi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#68 Why do we have wars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#69 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#71 Why do we have wars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#78 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#86 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#35 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#45 The Battle of Bretton Woods: John Maynard Keynes, Harry Dexter White, and the Making of a New World Order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#51 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#54 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#70 God No, the U.S. Air Force Doesn't Need Another Curtis LeMay
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#13 Fully Restored WWII Fighter Plane Up for Auction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#37 End of vacuum tubes in computers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#53 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#29 Eric Holder Returns as Hero to Law Firm That Lobbies for Big Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#36 Eric Holder, Wall Street Double Agent, Comes in From the Cold
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#77 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#7 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#10 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#55 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#0 How Corporate America Invented Christian America; Inside one reverend's big business-backed 1940s crusade to make the country conservative again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#26 Putin's Great Crime: He Defends His Allies and Attacks His Enemies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#28 rationality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#119 For those who like to regress to their youth? :-)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#31 I Feel Old
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#38 Shout out to Grace Hopper (State of the Union)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#86 Thanks Obama
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#39 Failure as a Way of Life; The logic of lost wars and military-industrial boondoggles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#49 Corporate malfeasance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#64 Isolationism and War Profiteering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#75 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#77 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#78 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#79 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#80 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#91 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#11 Study: Cost of U.S. Regulations Larger Than Germany's Economy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#49 Fateful Choices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#88 "Computer & Automation" later issues--anti-establishment thrust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#27 British socialism / anti-trust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#56 "One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#64 Strategic Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#94 The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#9 Wall Street Preparing Dodd-Frank Rule Workaround
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#63 America's Over-Hyped Strategic Bombing Experiment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#2 Smedley Butler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#32 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#80 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#83 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#63 One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#54 Mary Jo White Seriously Misled The US Senate To Become SEC Chair
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#64 Jean Tirole's Proposal to Appoint Felons to Monitor CEOs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#36 Trump's S.E.C. Nominee Disclosure Offers Rare Glimpse of Clients and Conflicts
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: An OODA-loop is a far-from-equilibrium, non-linear system with feedback Date: 25 Mar 2017 Blog: Facebookre:
over years I've periodically pontificated that part of the sequential
step-by-step thinking reflect the tools used ... and I use parallel
programming as counter examples ... latest flavor: Sequential
Programming Considered Harmful?
http://spectrum.ieee.org/at-work/education/sequential-programming-considered-harmful
The Mind of War: John Boyd and American Security,
https://www.amazon.com/Mind-War-John-American-Security-ebook/dp/B006Q2GIDO/
log3314-16:
Maneuver war theory is a way of thinking about how to contend with an
adversary. It is not a checklist approach, a Jominian science of war
so much beloved by the American military. Rather it is Clausewitzian
in approach, about war as art and, therefore, nonlinear
... snip ...
from a recent post in an IBM group: As undergraduate in the 60s, I rewrote a lot of IBM software that IBM picked up and distributed ... and the university hired me fulltime responsible for IBM production systems. After I graduate and join IBM ... one of my hobbies was producing and supporting production operating systems for internal datacenters ... a long time customer was the online, world-wide, internal sales & marketing HONE system. I was allowed to wander around a lot of IBM and customer locations; including the datacenter manager for one of IBM's largest financial customers on the east coast liked to have me come by.
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
HONE system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
At the time, Amdahl was selling his clone mainframes to technical & university customers, but hadn't broken into the true-blue commercial account. Then the local branch manager did something that horribly offended the large financial customer and the customer responded by ordering an Amdahl system (it would be a lonely red system in a vast sea of blue). I was asked to go onsite for 6months at the customer to obfuscate why the customer was ordering the Amdahl system. The customer wouldn't mind having me onsite everyday, but it wouldn't make any difference in the Amdahl order, so I refused. I was then told that the branch manager was good sailing buddy of IBM's CEO and if I didn't do this, it would destroy the branch manager's career and I could forget about ever having career or promotions in IBM. I then decided there was no longer any point in conforming to IBM's dress code.
Later I would sponsor Boyd's briefings at IBM, The Mind of War: John
Boyd and American Security, loc351-56:
There are two career paths in front of you, and you have to choose
which path you will follow. One path leads to promotions, titles, and
positions of distinction. To achieve success down that path, you have
to conduct yourself a certain way. You must go along with the system
and show that you are a better team player than your competitors. The
other path leads to doing things that are truly significant for the
Air Force, but the rewards will quite often be a kick in the stomach
because you may have to cross swords with the party line on
occasion. You can't go down both paths, you have to choose. So, do you
want to be a man of distinction or do you want to do things that
really influence the shape of the Air Force? To be or to do, that is
the question.
......
Computer industry originally was "open source" .... there was constant
disruptive software as increasing number of "domain experts" started
using computers, modifying, adapting, improving them in lots of
different ways. I've frequently made the observation that much of the
software still in use today originated in customer locations (rather
than at vendors). In the late 60s, gov. litigation prompted IBM
23Jun1969 "unbundling" announcement, including starting to charge for
software. Software increasingly became proprietary and no longer
freely distributed source (obstructing rapid change and evolution)
... even started to change so software was no longer even "sold" but
increasing is leased or rented ... where users have little or no
rights over the software they use. There is still some ongoing battle
between vendors with proprietary software trying to preserve their
market position and status quo and those that are still behind
disruptive change and rapid adaptation/evolution.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle
Boyd posts and web URL refs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: An OODA-loop is a far-from-equilibrium, non-linear system with feedback Date: 25 Mar 2017 Blog: Facebookre:
The Mind of War: John Boyd and American Security, loc4374-76:
Rank has its privileges, you know, even in retirement. Retired
colonels generally don't count for a lot, and maverick thinking is not
to be promoted. It is difficult for those in a military hierarchy to
remember that rank x IQ is a constant.
... snip ...
Under Watsons tenure at IBM 1st half of last century were very vocal
about needing & supporting "wild ducks"
"you can make wild ducks tame, but you can never make tame ducks wild
again. One might also add that the duck who is tamed will never go
anywhere any more. We are convinced that any business needs its wild
ducks. And in IBM we try not to tame them."
... snip ...
after Watsons retired, it became harder
Boyd posts and web URL refs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
past posts mention "wild ducks":
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#25 sizeof() was: The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#18 IT full of 'ducks'? Declare open season
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#30 IBM Centennial Film: Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#33 Happy 100th Birthday, IBM!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#79 Innovation and iconoclasm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#1 What is IBM culture?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#45 What is IBM culture?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#93 John R. Opel, RIP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#105 5 ways to keep your rockstar employees happy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#121 The Myth of Work-Life Balance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#59 Original Thinking Is Hard, Where Good Ideas Come From
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#3 Time to Think ... and to Listen
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#26 Top Ten Reasons Why Large Companies Fail To Keep Their Best Talent
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#19 SnOODAn: Boyd, Snowden, and Resilience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#31 History--punched card transmission over telegraph lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#65 How do you feel about the fact that India has more employees than US?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#12 How do we fight bureaucracy and bureaucrats in IBM?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#72 In Command, but Out Of Control
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#3 Inside the Box People don't actually like creativity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#4 Inside the Box People don't actually like creativity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#68 "Death of the mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#52 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#93 Maximizing shareholder value: The Goal that changed corporate America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#97 Where does the term Wild Duck come from?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#98 How to groom a leader?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#105 Happy 50th Birthday to the IBM Cambridge Scientific Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#52 First 2014 Golden Goose Award to physicist Larry Smarr
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#53 Not Wild Ducks but Wild Geese - The history behind the story
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#54 IBM layoffs strike first in India; workers describe cuts as 'slaughter' and 'massive'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#8 Microsoft culture must change, chairman says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#91 IBM layoffs strike first in India; workers describe cuts as 'slaughter' and 'massive'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#33 Can Ginni really lead the company to the next great product line?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#59 The Tragedy of Rapid Evolution?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#65 Are you tired of the negative comments about IBM in this community?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#68 Over in the Mainframe Experts Network LinkedIn group
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#79 EBFAS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#80 The Tragedy of Rapid Evolution?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#7 You can make your workplace 'happy'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#48 Is coding the new literacy?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#56 This Chart From IBM Explains Why Cloud Computing Is Such A Game-Changer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#80 Here's how a retired submarine captain would save IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#17 There's No Such Thing as Corporate DNA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#60 [Poll] Computing favorities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#14 Leaked IBM email says cutting 'redundant' jobs is a 'permanent and ongoing' part of its business model
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#96 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#56 Wild Ducks
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: GREAT presentation on the history of the mainframe Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 25 Mar 2017 20:57:16 -0700tony@HARMINC.NET (Tony Harminc) writes:
3081&3090 had significant denser physical packaging contained within TCM
modules (no contacts to scope) ... built probes into the TCM packaging
and diagnositic using the probes from the service processor.
https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/vintage/vintage_4506VV2137.html
originally single 4331 and then upgraded to pair of redundant 4361s ... scopable ... less dense.
4300s and DEC VAX saw similar explosion in sales in the low & mid-range
market for single or few unit orders ... old post with decade of VAX
sales sliced&diced by year, model, US/non-US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#0
Big differrence between 4300 & DEC VAX was large corporations ordering multiple hundred 4300s at a time for placing out in departmental areas ("leading edge of the distributed computing tsunami"). IBM (& DEC) was expecting continued explosion in low/mid range sales with 4300 follow-on; 4361 & 4381. However as can be seen in the VAX numbers, by mid-80s, the low/mid range market was starting to move to workstations and large PC servers.
Folklore is that 3092 went to pair of redundant 4361s ... because there were large number of unsold 4361s in warehouses.
other folklore about 3081 (density/weight). 3081 was originally designed
to be multiprocessor only (two processors & channels in single "heavy"
frame). Problem came up with ACP/TPS which had loosely-coupled support
but no tightly-coupled multiprocessor support. The clone mainframe
makers was still making single processor machines and there was concern
that the whole ACP/TPS market moves to clone makers. The decision was
made to come out with single processor 3083 for the ACP/TPS market (3081
with one processor removed). The easiest would have been to keep
processor0 and remove processor1. The problem was that processor0 was at
the top of the box and simple removal of processor1 (in the middle,
channels at the bottom), could have made the box dangerously top-heavy.
https://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP3081.html
this talks about 3033 and 3081 quickly kicked off (including 3081 had
enormous excess number of circuits for the level of performance)
after failure of FS project
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm
past FS posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
Note while the above IBM 3081 history page says:
Model D is capable of an instruction execution rate of up to 21 times
that of a 3033UP running under MVS/SP with identical programs and
similar configurations.
... snip ...
however there were quite a few benchmarks that had application running on single 3081D processor having lower throughput than on 3033 (single processor). IBM then comes out with 3081K with double the cache size of 3081D (somewhat similar to 168-3 having twice cache size of 168-1), assuming it would improve cache hit rate (and therefor throughput) for some number of applications.
past multiprocessor SMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: GREAT presentation on the history of the mainframe Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 25 Mar 2017 21:21:28 -0700tony@HARMINC.NET (Tony Harminc) writes:
memory bus with generalized 9-positions for microprocessors (& microprocessor all the same) was much more advanced design than other IBM systems were (suppose to be) doing.
which in part, made it straight-forward to do the 5-way SMP, past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#bounce
note some of this would have been similar (but different) to effort
later in the 70s to migrate the large number of different internal
microprocessors to 801/risc (Iliad). past 801 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
because of the difficulty having all the unique development and operations for each unique microprocessor.
I've previously told story after working on ECPS for endicott and 5-way
SMP for Boeblingen, I got involved in doing 16-way SMP which lots of
people thought was really great ... even getting 3033 processor
engineers to work on it in their spare time (lot more interesting than
remapping 168-3 logic to 20% faster chips) That is until somebody
informed the head of POK that it could be decades before the POK
favorite son operating system had (effective) 16-way support ... at
which time some of us were invited to never visit POK again (and 3033
processor engineers to stop being distracted). IBM eventually ships
16-way system more than two decades later ... recent reference
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#30 The ICL 2900
past SMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) Subject: Re: ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: 26 Mar 2017 16:13:51 -0700idflist1@GMAIL.COM (scott Ford) writes:
... we had meetings with SIAC at their offices in wtc
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Securities_Industry_Automation_Corporation
The Securities Industry Automation Corporation (SIAC) is a subsidiary of
the NYSE Euronext. Its purpose is to provide technical services for the
exchanges themselves, members and other financial institutions. In this
role, SIAC provides the computers and other systems required to run the
exchanges. It also owns communication lines and hardware to provide
real-time quotes and transaction information to all market participants
from the Consolidated Tape/Ticker System (CTS), Consolidated Quotation
System (CQS), and Options Price Reporting Authority (OPRA).
... snip ...
this was before
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1993_World_Trade_Center_bombing
note HA/CMP effort included handling attacks, not just failure modes.
It was in this period that I also coined the term disaster servivability
and geographic servivability. I was also asked to write section for the
corporate stratetegic continuous availability document. However, the
section got pulled because both the rochester people (as/400) and pok
people (mainframe) said they couldn't meet the requirements. some past
posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available
posts in this thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#60 [EXTERNAL] ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#61 [EXTERNAL] ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#67 Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#69 ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#70 ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#71 ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#75 ComputerWorld Says: Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#76 Cobol plays major role in U.S. government breaches
after leaving IBM, one of the first things was being brought in as consultants to small client/server startup that wanted to do payment trasnactions on their server, the startup at also invented this technology called "SSL" they wanted to use, it is now frequently called "electronic commerce". I had complete authority over the webserver to payment networks ... which included huge amount of firewalls and HA redundancy (including geographic survivability). However, I could only make recommendations on the client/server side ... some of which were almost immediately violated, that continue to account for some number of exploits.
later at financial industry infrastructure protection meetings,
securities industry participation were some of the most difficult
https://fas.org/irp/offdocs/pdd/pdd-63.htm
securities industry was among the most insistent on the FS/ISAC not be
government operation an subject to FOIA ... concern that public might
become aware of some of the things that go on.
https://www.fsisac.com/
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