From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 22 Oct 2009 23:49:20 -0400lynn@GARLIC.COM (Anne & Lynn Wheeler) writes:
... at tandem, after leaving ibm, Jim did this study:
Why Do Computers Stop and What Can Be Done About It?
http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/tandem/TR-85.7.pdf
from above:
An analysis of the failure statistics of a commercially available
fault-tolerant system shows that administration and software are the
major contributors to failure.
... snip ...
also ...
Fault Tolerance in Tandem Computer Systems
http://www.hpl.hp.com/techreports/tandem/TR-86.2.pdf
from above:
When the sources of faults are examined in detail, a surprising
picture emerges: Faults come from hardware, software, operations,
maintenance and environment in about equal measure. Hardware may go
for two months without giving problems and software may be equally
reliable. The result is a one month MTBF. When one adds in operator
errors, errors during maintenance, and power failures the MTBF sinks
below two-weeks.
... snip ...
in the later part of the 90s, we spent some time with large financial transaction operation ... that had 100% availability so far in the decade. they attributed the 100% availability to:
1) IMS hot-standby 2) automated operator
recent post about high i/o error (disk development) environment where
MVS had MTBF of 15 minutes ... and I undertook to rewrite i/o supervisor
to never fail ... also brought down the wrath of the MVS group for
just referring to the MVS failure rate internally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#17 Broken hardware was Re: Broken Brancher
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#31 Justice Department probing allegations of abuse by IBM in mainframe computer market
other posts mentioning bldgs 14 (disk engineering) & 15 (disk product
test)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
and earlier version of Gray's availability that I've scanned:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/grayft84.pdf
misc. recent posts referencing the above:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#39 repeat after me: RAID != backup
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#47 repeat after me: RAID != backup
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#65 The 25 Most Dangerous Programming Errors
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Is it time to stop research in Computer Architecture ? Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Fri, 23 Oct 2009 10:16:53 -0400Bill Todd <billtodd@metrocast.net> writes:
43xx saw similar numbers in that market in same time-frame ... except it appeared to edge out vax numbers with having some large corporate customers with orders of multiple hundreds at a time (sort of explosion with local, distributed departmental servers)
by mid-80s, that market was starting to shift to workstations and large PCs. the later 43xx machines, which had expected to repeat the explosive sales numbers of the earlier machines ... almost dried up (similar to what was seen with vax).
some old 43xx related email from the period
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#43xx
this old post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#15 departmental servers
has reference to customer, that spring '79 was looking at 20 4341 order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#email790404b
... but by fall 79, order had turned into 210 4341s
there was big explosion internally ... departmental 43xx machines taking
over deparmental supply rooms and in some cases, conference rooms. it
was also significant contributor to internal network passing 1000 nodes
in 1983 (same time frame arpanet/internet great conversion to tcp/ip;
... internal network was larger than arpanet/internet from just about
beginning until possibly late '85 or early '86)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 23 Oct 2009 13:49:13 -0400jmfbahciv <jmfbahciv@aol> writes:
there was impression that with both change in administration and shift in congress political power... that there would start to be change in status quo ... including new generation of "Pecora" hearings (from the 30s looking at the crash of '29; outcome included Glass-Steagall ... which was then repealed by GLBA) ... and there would even be appetite for all the stuff I was doing to HTML/index the scans of the thousands of pages of Pecora hearings.
there was not a change in status quo ... and recent reports attribute it to financial industry heavy lobbying being political party agnostic ... some reports that recent round of billions in financial industry lobbying represents a quarter of million ROI ($250,000 in various beneftis/advantages to the financial industry for every dollar spent lobbying congress).
this morning there was tv business news about the enormous amounts of
lobbying by bailed out institutions. there was a comment that finally
fannie mae and freddie mac were eventually prohibited from lobbying
(there was cbs news item from early part of this decade, that freddie
mac had more lobbiests on its roles than it had employees) .. and that
AIG wasn't suppose to also be spending money lobbying ... although it
apparently missed the $20m that supposedly went from AIG to chamber of
commerce ... and the chamber of commerce doing the lobbying
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#48 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 23 Oct 2009 16:46:00 -0400greymausg writes:
it this case ... since they were in the process of precluding any regulation (of those to be regulated) ... they plausibly could use that to get around any regulation about cozy relations between the regulators and those regulated.
or course congress seems to pretty much exempt themselves from all such
limitations. in the comments about size (more lobbiests than employees)
of freddie mac lobbying rolls
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#2 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
there was some reference that very large percentage of those (freddie mac) lobbiests were former members of congress.
I also remember not getting political spam phone calls until after I had registered for no-call list ... apparently congress has it set up that they can use the no-call list to make calls.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Status of Arpanet/Internet in 1976? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 23 Oct 2009 19:06:46 -0400Eric Chomko <pne.chomko@comcast.net> writes:
it wasn't apollo ... quicky search of the internet turned up reference that UCLA was running locus on vax & 68000 system (so it would have been easy for palo alto to also have some 68000 machines in addition to vax ... on their way to 370 & 386 AIXs).
a little additional searching turns up "Fortune System" as building
68000 systems in that timeframe ... but that name doesn't ring any
bells. I've triped across references to Corvus Concept (one site
mentiones Corvus Concepts being logo'ed to Valid Logic for SCALDStation)
... Corvus seems to be somewhat more likely as machines being used for
Locus (but doesn't quite ring bells either):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corvus_Concept
for something completely different ... some old SCALD gossip from
drinking holes around silicon valley.
Date: 05/26/81 17:12:53
From: wheeler
talking to xxxx. He says that SCALD is being formed by Jerry Anderson
who was president of 2-pi corp. (sister company of Signetics which has
been sold to 4phase). 2-pi had lots of problem producing their 370
compatible cpu.
... snip ... top of post, old email index
Date: 05/27/81 13:35:15
From: wheeler
re: scald; money has been put up primarily by SRI people and Anderson
is suppose to be "front" person with a name. Apparently Anderson has
had to be talked to by backing people (calmed down). Hardware now is
scheduled to be 68000 with special hardware mods.
... snip ... top of post, old email index
for other topic drift, NCSS was one of the original cp67 time-sharing
commercial service bureaus ... and at one point were logo'ing and
selling 2-pi (370 clones) with NCSS highly modified cp67.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003i.html#15 two pi, four phase, 370 clone
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Status of Arpanet/Internet in 1976? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 24 Oct 2009 01:06:18 -0400cstacy@news.dtpq.com (Christopher C. Stacy) writes:
somebody asked if they were apollo 68000 systems
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apollo_Computer
... and I was pretty sure it wasn't ... more likely corvus 68000
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#4 Status of Arpanet/Internet in 1976?
corvus omninet may or may not have played a role in using corvus concept
in ucla locus effort (if it was corvus that was used):
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corvus_Concept
for other topic drift ... old post mention of meeting at palo alto
science center proposing that the corporation do SUN workstations. three
other corporate groups were invited ... all of them claimed that they
were doing something better ... SUN people left and decided to form
their own company and do it themselves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/96.html#4a
referenced more recently in thread about recent news article regarding
IBM possibly buying SUN (i.e. old offer to have it all along):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#7
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#6
for even more topic drift ... also post about 70s&80s intel & motorola
chips ("chip wars" from sjmn news article april '89)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#80
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005q.html#44
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Is it time to stop research in Computer Architecture ? Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Sat, 24 Oct 2009 01:37:30 -0400"Del Cecchi" <delcecchiofthenorth@gmail.com> writes:
Inventing Itanium: How HP Labs Helped Create the Next-Generation Chip Architecture
http://www.hpl.hp.com/news/2001/apr-jun/itanium.html
Bill Worley: Captaining the Next Generation
http://www.hpl.hp.com/news/2001/apr-jun/worley.html
some other notes ...
http://www.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/epic.html
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 24 Oct 2009 09:54:33 -0400jmfbahciv <jmfbahciv@aol> writes:
one of the early things that I remember getting draged into after graduation and joining the science center (which consumed several peoples time and went on for three months) was discussing when did the century start and what to do about leap seconds (by comparison, the twice a year problem was relatively trivial). this was all about the new architecture specification for the 370 64bit TOD clock.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: WSJ.com - IBM Puts Executive on Leave Date: 24 Oct, 2009 Blog: Greater IBMMorris & Ferguson book
made claim that decline started with corporate cultural changes that
happened after the failure of the Future System effort ... old post
with somebody's quotes from the book
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#33
Another look (by executive insider)
The rise and fall of IBM
https://www.ecole.org/en/session/49-the-rise-and-fall-of-ibm
https://www.ecole.org/en/session/49-the-rise-and-fall-of-ibm
older look at some of the issues ... found here
https://web.archive.org/web/20081115000000*/http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/gray/
'MIP Envy', or pdf, J. Gray, IBM Research Memo, Sept. 1980, (that
created quite a mail-storm).
https://web.archive.org/web/20081115000000*/http://research.microsoft.com/en-us/um/people/gray/papers/MipEnvy.pdf
... i got blamed for computer conferencing on the internal network in the late 70s and earlier 80s ... and also got blamed for the referenced "email-storm"
related thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#73 IBM Hardware Boss Charged With Insider Trading
past posts mentioning future system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
In the 80s ... in some attempt to counteract spreading culture change and excessive bureaucracy ... IBUs (independent business units) were created ... however it was common for an IBU to tell some corporate bureaucrat that they weren't subject to that person's particular authority and the reply would be that IBU "exemption" only applied to other bureaucratic overhead ... but not theirs.
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From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Status of Arpanet/Internet in 1976? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 24 Oct 2009 20:06:53 -0400bbreynolds <bbreynolds@aol.com> writes:
from long ago and far away ...
Date: 02/23/79 09:13:33
From: wheeler
at the joint american/japanese computer comf. in San Fran. about
6 months ago their was a paper by a Japanese bank about a 'hardware
virtual machine' prototype (running). Comment was that Fujitsu
has something called OS4 (billed as the 'correct' way to implement MVS).
It is somewhat incompatible with MVS and Fujitsu has been unsuccessful
selling it. Fujitsu possibly sees the hardware virtual machine facility
on a way to get their machines in the door (under a current MVS) and
then migrate the users to OS4.
--
Also know several people who work for 2pi who have been very active in
this area in conjunction with NCSS. NCSS supplies an enhanced CP/67
converted to 370 (done by a good part of the original CP/67 design
implementation team), performance is much better than VM for
CMS activity (they have ignored virtual operating systems).
You have probably seen several advertisements for the NCSS 3200
(which is a 2pi machine).
... snip ... top of post, old email index
four-phase URL in
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003i.html#15
has gone 404 ... but lives on in the wayback machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20030220165859/www.four-phase.org/
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 26 Oct 2009 13:16:01 -0400"Charlie Gibbs" <cgibbs@kltpzyxm.invalid> writes:
Jim and I had a little dust up at acm sigops '91 ... about whether commodity component clusters could provide HA ... of course he was then at DEC (and pushing DEC vax/cluster database and previously at tandem).
DEC then sold their dbms group to oracle and jim took a sabbatical. he came back for m'soft sanfran research center ... and then had to get up on stage as part of m'soft's (commodity component) cluster/HA announcement.
misc. past posts mentioning our ha/cmp product
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
and misc. old email about work on ha/cmp cluster scale-up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
misc. other recent posts mentioning tandem
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#2 IMS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#51 8 ways the American information worker remains a Luddite
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#58 Rudd bucks boost IBM mainframe business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#77 Is it time to stop research in Computer Architecture ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#0 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Secret Service plans IT reboot Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 26 Oct 2009 13:45:45 -0400eamacneil@YAHOO.CA (Ted MacNEIL) writes:
3380 and 3880 would run at 3mbyte ... to retrofit 3380s to 1.5mbyte channels needed speed matching (and eckd) for 3380 (code named: calypso). calypso for CKD had lots of real problems (most of the speed-match problems with CKD which don't exist if it had been FBA).
a few past posts mentioning (problems getting) Calypso (working)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#7 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007e.html#40 FBA rant
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#0 FBA rant
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#40 TOPS-10
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#44 Z/VM support for FBA devices was Re: z/OS support of HMC's 3270 emulation?
Note that fixed-head feature on 3350s was for disk intensive operations ... theoretically put high-use data there and not have latency of arm motion. problem was that it didn't ship with multiple exposures (being able to overlap data transfer with 3350 arm motion) ... so a high-use 3350 with arm nearly always in motion (device busy) ... lost a lot of the benefit (transfers had to wait until arm motion and device signaled complete).
I tried to get 3350 multiple exposure support out the door ... but was opposed for some esoteric internal political reasons by organizations in hudson valley (they thot I was going to put a lot of high-use paging data there ... and they wanted to come out with an all electronic paging device ... prior incarnation of SSD ... and my paging stuff might compete with them; eventually their stuff got canceled w/o even being announced, but by then, it was too late to do anything more for 3350 fixed-head feature & multiple exposures, ... note what they were doing somewhat was re-incarnated as extended store)
provisions for high activity data also lost some motivation with introduction of cache controllers (Ironwood/Sheriff) 3880-11 & 3380-13
misc. past posts being allowed to play disk engineer in bldgs 14 (disk
engineering) & 15 (disk product test)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Secret Service plans IT reboot Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 26 Oct 2009 14:49:39 -0400dpurdy46@AOL.COM (David Purdy) writes:
the 158 had integrated channels (same engine doing both 370 microcode and channel microcode). they took 158 engine with only integrated channel microcode and made it the 303x "channel director". A 3031 was then a 158 engine with only 370 microcode and a 2nd 158 engine (channel director) running only channel microcode. A 3032 was 168 reconfigured to use "channel director" as enternal channels. 3033 started out being 168 logic using 20% faster chips (the chips also had something like 10 times the number of circuits ... before product ship ... some amount of the logic was redone to use the larger circuits per chip and got 3033 up to 1.5 times 168 ... instead of only 1.2 times).
In disk enginneering lab, I was doing channel processing overhead timings ... latency to do a "head-switch" on 3330 disk drive (read/write CCW, seek head, read/write CCW). 3330s could be formated with "dummy records" that increased inter-record gap ... allowing timing latency to insert a head-switch seek between the end of one record on a track and the start of a next record on a different track (but same cylinder). The size of the "dummy" record ... was adjusted to take into account channel processing latency.
The "fastest" channel (lowest latency in terms of size of dummy record to allow for channel latency) was 168, 148, 4341, etc. The slowest was 158 (needed larger dummy record ... to account for higher latency and slower processing of 158 integrated channel). All of the 303x processing (3031, 3032, 3033) with (158 engine) channel director had identical operational characteristics to 158.
Now sjr (bldg. 28 across street from bldg. 14 & 15) for a time had a 168 MVS system and a 158 VM system. All of the 3330 strings were interconnected ... but there was a "rule" that NO MVS packs would be mounted on VM-designated strings ... because the enormous performance penalty (drive, controller, channel) associated with common MVS multi-track search operations.
One day, an operator, accidentally mount a MVS pack on a drive in a VM-designated string. Within 10 minutes ... the datacenter was getting irate calls from users regarding severe degraded performance. Operations initially refused to switch the pack (to MVS-designated string) until off-shift. The VM group had a VS1 sysetm that had been highly optimized ... especially for running under VM. They took the VS1 pack and placed it on a MVS-designated string ... and started up standard sequence of (OS360) multi-track searches (VTOC, PDS, etc) ... and nearly brought the MVS system to its knews (i.e. the VS1 system on a VM/158 system nearly resulting in stoping a MVS/168 system ... by being able to do better job of multitrack searches). The nearly halting of the MVS/168 system ... so slowed down the multi-track searchs on the mis-mounted MVS pack ... that the VM/158 user throughput then nearly returned to normal (even with the load of virtual VS1 keeping the MVS/168 system in check).
At that point, operations decided to immediately move the mis-mounted MVS pack ... if the VM group would shutdown their virtual VS1 system.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Secret Service plans IT reboot Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 26 Oct 2009 16:41:58 -0400re:
there use to be a joke about TSO users not realizing how deplorable performance was because they couldn't see the difference by operating with & w/o MVS (actually in large part, CKD & multi-track search).
CKD & multi-track search introduced with original 360 was scarce resource use trade-off of the period ... by the mid-70s, the relative amounts of resources had nearly inverted (which resources were the scarcest), starting to make multi-track search the exact wrong thing to do,
there was a large national retail operation with a consolidated datacenter (large number of systems in loosely-coupled configuration) ... which started to run into severe throughput problem during peak periods. This went on for awhile, lots of experts being brought in over period of time, until they eventualy got around to calling me in.
I was brought into a class room with large number of long class tables ... covered with high stacks of paper performance details from all the systems. while i started to leaf through all the pages (for shared disk activity, I had to aggregate drive activity from different systems/reports in my head ... while they started through overall summary of the symptoms).
After about 20-25 minutes ... I started to notice a somewhat anomolous circumstance ... about the only correlation between "good" thruput and "nearly no thruput" was a specific pack had aggregated i/o counts between 6 and 7 during high-load/low-throughput (which would seem to hardly be a thruput limitation).
After a little more investigation ... it turned out, the pack contained the shared application library for the whole complex ... more investigation was that the PDS had a three cylinder PDS directory.
Back of the envelope calculations was that avg. depth of search was cylinder and half (PDS member lookup) ... that would be two multi-track search I/Os that took elapsed time of nearly 1/2 second. Assumption then was the two PDS directory lookup I/Os would be followed by a single I/O for a PDS member load. That accounts for aggregate of six I/Os per second saturating the drive ... basically limiting the whole national loosely-coupled infrastructure to performing an aggregate of two application (PDS) program library loads per second.
Each full-cylinder multi-track search represented enormous busy elapsed time for the processor channel (locking out any other activity on the same channel). The full-cylinder multi-track searches also locked up the (shared) controller, string and drive ... locking out all systems from accessing anything else associated with those resources.
The eventual result was reconfiguring everything to try and come as close as possible to eliminating the long multi-track searches (drastically reduced PDS directory size) ... and replicating the shared application library on non-shared drives for each system.
PDS directory (& vtoc) multi-track searches alleviated needing the real storage to contain the directory information (at enormous cost in I/O resources). By the mid-70s, real storage was becoming plentiful enough that it was practical to keep high-usage (vtoc &) PDS directory information cached in system storage (allowing fast lookup of instorage index) ... so program loads could happen at "normal" disk activity thruput speeds (say 30-50/second) ... instead of at 2/second (limited by the enormous PDS directory multi-track search penalty).
This resource trade-off also showed up with RDBMS ... the original
relational/sql was done on vm system in bldg. 28 ... system/r
... misc. past posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
In the 70s, there was somewhat rivalry between the IMS group in STL and system/r in bldg. 28 on the main plant site. IMS group claimed better trade-offs because record pointers were exposed as part of the data ... and it was possible to go directly to a specific piece of data. This was contrasted with RDBMS implementation that had an implicit index ... which could take 4-5 disk i/os to eventually find the location of the desired data record. This implicit index also tended to double the physical disk space required (vis-a-vis same data in IMS). The system/r group countered that the exposed record pointers created a significant administrative and maintanance overhead ... especially for adding data ... nearly eliminated by the implicit indexes).
The resource trade-offs argument changed with combination of enormous disk size increases and drastic fall in cost/mbyte (muting the issue regarding doubling disk space for the indexes). At the same time there was significant increase in available system real storage ... making it practical to cache a large portion of the (implicit) RDBMS indexes (drastically reducing separate physical disk i/os to find data record).
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Heartland CIO is critical of First Data's credit card tokenization plan Date: 26 Oct, 2009 Blog: Payment Systems NetworkHeartland CIO is critical of First Data's credit card tokenization plan
from above:
Secure credit card processing begins with end-to-end encryption, says
Heartland Payment Systems CIO Steven Elefant, who is critical of First
Data Corp.'s credit card tokenization plan.
... snip ...
The basic problem is that knowing the account number ... or skimming magstipe is sufficient for doing fraudulent transaction ... basic a form of replay attack with static data. In that sense, it is a dual-use vulnerability ... the account number is required for large number of business processes ... but also effectively all that is needed for "authenticating" the transaction (i.e. knowing the account number or having a copy of the magstripe ... is sufficient "authentication" to perform a fraudulent transaction).
Encryption just tries to reduce the vulnerability to attackers harvesting account numbers ... but since the account number is required in large number of business processes ... there is requirement to be constantly decrypting and re-encrypting ... it doesn't actually eliminate the vulnerability.
There was somewhat tokenization related kind of specification from the associations more than a decade ago ... i.e. replace the account number with some other "one-time-use" transaction-identifier (not useable for originating new transactions) after the initial authorization. The problem from a decade ago ... was even tho it was suppose to have a mandated cutover date ... the transaction-id broke large number of business processes (that were dependent on having the account number) and so it never succeeded.
Fundamental problem is the dual-use characteristic of the current paradigm related to account number ... something that is both 1) needed for authentication to originated the transaction and 2) an account pointer that is needed by the multitude of business process associated with payment transactions.
Both of the current proposals leave many of the dual-use vulnerabilities untouched.
The cost estimates for end-to-end encryption change ... and the tokenization change are both higher than slightly tweaking the paradigm ... leaving the flows and operations untouched but eliminating the dual-use vulnerability of the account number.
It possibly isn't the actual cost of the different approaches ... but who is paying.
The issuers are in control of most aspects of the infrastructure ... and to tweak the paradigm slightly (eliminating dual-use vulnerability) is something that would be changes to parts of the infrastructure paid for by the issuers. While the end-to-end encryption and tokenization costs appear to be greater ... (than eliminating dual-use vulnerability), they are mostly in infrastructure paid for by the merchants and the acquiring processors.
Tokenization vs. end-to-end encryption
http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9136680/Tokenization_vs._end_to_end_encryption?taxonomyId=17
Industry Giants First Data And RSA Give Tokenization a Boost
http://www.digitaltransactions.net/newsstory.cfm?newsid=2326
First Data, RSA push tokenization for payment processing
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/news/article/0,289142,sid14_gci1369064,00.html
Voltage Security Combines Encryption, Tokenization, Data Masking
http://www.paymentsnews.com/2009/09/voltage-security-combines-encryption-tokenization-data-masking.html
Voltage, RSA spar over tokenization, data protection
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/news/article/0,289142,sid14_gci1370103,00.html
Encryption, Tokenization Loom Large As PCI Council Mulls Changes
http://www.digitaltransactions.net/newsstory.cfm?newsid=2340
The cost estimates for end-to-end encryption change ... and the tokenization change are both higher than slightly tweaking the paradigm ... leaving the flows and operations untouched but eliminating the dual-use vulnerability of the account number.
It possibly isn't the actual cost of the different approaches ... but who is paying.
The issuers are in control of most aspects of the infrastructure ... and to tweak the paradigm slightly (eliminating dual-use vulnerability) is something that would be changes to parts of the infrastructure paid for by the issuers. While the end-to-end encryption and tokenization costs appear to be greater ... (than eliminating dual-use vulnerability), they are mostly in infrastructure paid for by the merchants and the acquiring processors.
Chip and PIN adoption serves lesson for U.S. payment industry
http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com/news/column/0,294698,sid14_gci1372836,00.html
note that there was a rather large pilot deployment in the US in the
early part of this decade ... but it was in the Yes Card time-frame
... referenced here about cartes 2002 presentation mentioning that it
was trivial to counterfeit chips (last paragraph, bottom of page):
https://web.archive.org/web/20030417083810/http://www.smartcard.co.uk/resources/articles/cartes2002.html
in the aftermath, the pilot seemed to disappear without a trace. There may currently still be some concern that there would be the cost of multiple deployments before actually getting it right.
misc. past posts mentioning Yes Card
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#yescard
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Rogue security software threat will grow in 2010, warns report Date: 26 Oct, 2009 Blog: Payment Systems NetworkRogue security software threat will grow in 2010, warns report
from above:
Rogue security software is set to increase in the next year, according
to a report from security firm Symantec. Researchers have
identified...
... snip ...
ongoing rogue software news
Rogue security software threat will grow in 2010, warns report
http://www.computerweekly.com/Articles/2009/10/19/238189/rogue-security-software-threat-will-grow-in-2010-warns.htm
Rogue security programs are 'ongoing threat'
http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-354127.html
I think that it has nearly always been that way ... even suspected
that the professionals were purposefully using the "fun" aspect as
obfuscation and misdirection. Nearly all spam falls into "profit"
category ... dating back at least to the "green card" incident.
http://www.wired.com/politics/law/news/1999/04/19098
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurence_Canter_and_Martha_Siegel
A couple yrs after the above, happen to be on business trip to Scottsdale and had dinner in mexican restaurant in oldtown. A couple came in and were seated behind me and a man joined them. The man then proceeded to detail what all he could do for their e-commerce website ... and the ins & outs of spam'ing on the internet. He claimed to have large scores of internet accounts preloaded with SPAM'ing software ... and that he could switch to different (spaming) accounts faster than they could shutdown old ones.
In some cases, there has been a lot of stuff happening ... and the serious stuff just not showing up in the popular press.
We were also tangentially involved with cal. state data breach
notification legislation. We had been brought in to help word-smith
the cal. state electronic signature legislation ... and several of the
organization were also involved with privacy issues. They had done
detailed in-depth customer privacy survey and found the #1 privacy
issue was "identity theft" ... the major subcategory being "account
fraud" (fraudulent transactions) as result of breaches. Little or
nothing seemed to being done about such breaches and fraud ... and
they apparently believed that there would be some motivation to take
corrective action with the press that would come as a result of the
breach notifications. ... misc. past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#signature
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: WSJ.com - IBM Puts Executive on Leave Date: 24 Oct, 2009 Blog: Greater IBMre:
Somewhat from the Boyd side of the house ... the Marines were forced
to take Abrams tanks. The problem was that the contract had lower per
tank price, if more than a certain number were bought/built. The army
didn't have the budget/mission for that many ... so it was forced on
the Marines to make up the short fall. The problem is that majority of
Marine mission profiles involve parts of the world with max. load
limit of 35tons ... where the Abrams are running 65-70 tons. All those
Abrams position Marines as part of supporting Army missions. misc. past
posts mentioning boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html#boyd
The corporate IBUs theoretically were to be some analogy to Marines ... quick reaction, lean, agile. One of the issues was they weren't given the budget for bureaucratic infrastructure. A corollary was that IBUs didn't have staff to deal with all the corporate bureaucratic infrastructure ... which wouldn't have been too bad ... if the IBUs were free of all those dealings. The reality was that they tended to have to deal with all the corporate bureaucratic infrastructure ... but not funded/staffed to handle it (so frequently everybody in the organization had to fill-in ... impacting what they were suppose to actually be doing).
Analogy to Abrams was the workstation IBU ... which had heavy hand laid on them for the RS6000 and the constant refrain to help their (PS2) IBM brethren ... meaning that the RS6000 wasn't suppose to do their own adapter cards ... but restricted to using PS2 microchannel adapter cards. There were all sorts of battles up to corporate senior VP level ... and still there was the refrain to help the PS2 IBM brethren.
A fundamental problem was that the PS2 microchannel adapter cards had totally different throughput and performance design point (graphics, LANs, disks, etc). A case in point was the token-ring cards. The workstation division had done their own ISA 4mbit T/R card for the PC/RT ... but when it came to the RS6000 (with microchannel) ... part of the "help their brethren" corporate heavy hand ... RS6000 was forced to use the PS2 microchannel 16mbit T/R card. With a totally different design point, the PS2 microchannel 16mbit T/R card had lower (per card) throughput than the PC/RT ISA 4mbit T/R card.
I would periodically comment that with the corporate "help their brethren" heavy hand, the RS6000 was going to be limited to throughput of PS2 (except for limited subset of numerical intensive applications that made little use of microchannel or the "PS2" adapter cards).
At least for the PS2, part of the issue was pervasive corporate
environment attempting to help preserve the terminal emulation
paradigm ... i.e. 300-500 PS2s on shared 16mbit T/R LAN, mostly doing
terminal emulation into mainframe datacenter (eliminating any
requirement for "per-card" throughput). misc. past posts mentioning
terminal emulation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#emulation
In contrast, RS6000 servers could need sustained LAN throughput of several tens of mbits and RS6000 clients required burst thruput approaching LAN media bandwidth.
--------------------
One of the things found as part of fitting out the (then) new Almaden building ... that for typical configurations, 10mbit Ethernet over CAT4 had higher aggregate sustained throughput than 16mbit T/R (over the same CAT4) and 10mbit Ethernet had lower latency than 16mbit T/R. As a result, it became somewhat natural to use high-performance microchannel OEM Ethernet cards, side-stepping the whole 16mbit T/R issue with corporate.
It was similar serious problem with regard to graphics adapter
(especially trying to compete in high-performance graphical
workstation market segment). The guerrilla solution was doing a
special VMEbus flavor of RS6000, forcing the use of OEM VMEbus
graphics adapters (since PS2 wasn't making VMEbus cards). misc. past
posts mentioning 801, Iliad, romp, rios, pc/rt, rs6000, somerset,
power, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
The pre-occupation with preserving terminal emulation also had other
kinds of downside ... besides having severely limited bandwidth
products for the distributed environment. The mainframe disk division
was starting to see lots of data fleeing the datacenter (because the
distributed environment had such difficulty getting thruput). At one
point one of the senior people from the mainframe disk division
managed to get a talk scheduled at the internal annual world-wide
communication division conference ... and then started out the talk
with the statement that the communication division was going to be
responsible for the demise of the disk division. misc. past
posts being allowed to play disk engineer in bldgs. 14&15
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: U.K. lags in information security management practices Date: 26 Oct, 2009 Blog: Information Security NetworkU.K. lags in information security management practices
from above:
Learn why the U.K. has fallen behind with its information security
management practices. Many U.K. companies don't have CISO jobs or know
the number of security incidents that have occurred. However, there is
growth in data loss prevention implementation.
... snip ...
Britain needs data breach notification laws
http://www.itpro.co.uk/616708/britain-needs-data-breach-notification-laws
from above:
Data breach notification laws will make a big difference to the speed
at which UK businesses put security controls like encryption in place.
... snip ...
We were tangentially involved in the cal. state data breach notification legislation (original in the states) ... we had been brought in to help word smith the cal. state electronic signature legislation and some of the parties involved were also involved in privacy issues.
They had done detailed, in-depth consumer surveys and turned up the #1 privacy issue was identity theft ... and quite a bit of that was associated with "account fraud" as a result of data breaches. There appeared to be little or nothing being done about countermeasures for breaches ... and they apparently believed that might change with lots of publicity that might happen as a result of breach notification.
It has been a decade since the cal. state data breach notification legislation and since then several other states have passed similar legislation. For the past couple years there have been a series of proposed breach notification bills at the federal level ... which have sort of fallen into two (somewhat opposing) categories .... 1) requirements similar to cal. for breach notification and 2) effectively federal preemption that would eliminate most requirements for notification.
The parties involved in privacy and cal. data breach notification were also in the process of producing an "opt-in" information sharing legislation when GLBA was passed. GLBA repealed Glass-Steagall (which has claimed to be a major contributor to the current financial mess), but also had a "federal pre-emption" opt-out provision (can share unless customer notifies that sharing can't be done; as opposed to only being able to share if customer authorize it).
There was privacy conference 2004 (renaissance, downtown washington DC, there was reception during the conference at the SPY Museum for the FTC commissioners) that had a panel session with the FTC commissioners (organization responsible for enforcing consumer protection and privacy regulation). Somebody from the back of the room got up and claimed to be involved in call-center software for majority of financial institutions and claimed that none of the (at least) insurance company call-centers answering "opt-out" calls had any mechanism for recording information (somebody would call in to "opt-out" of information sharing ... but there was no record of the call or the person opting-out). They then asked the commissioners if they were ever going to look into "opt-out" compliance.
New card threat to bank customers
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/cambridgeshire/8325477.stm
from above:
An investigation by BBC Inside Out has revealed new figures show
losses for online banking through fraud rose by 55% to GBP39m across
the UK in the first half of 2009.
... snip ...
I was co-author of financial industry x9.99 privacy standard ... and part of that effort required looking at (at least) GLBA (opt-out section), EU-DPD (in part because there were plans on moving to ISO standards), and HIPAA (included meetings with some gov. staff people that have been trying to get HIPAA provisions passed dating back to the 70s).
I also did a "privacy" specific flavor of my merged taxonomies and
glossaries ... ptr/reference here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/index.html#glosnote
a few more recent news items
Commission considers wider-ranging data breach notification law
http://www.out-law.com/default.aspx?page=10480
Data breaches and fraud-worse than you think
http://www.finextra.com/community/fullblog.aspx?id=3473
Javelin: Likelihood of Fraud is Over Four Times Higher For Consumers
Who Receive Data-Breach Notifications
http://finance.yahoo.com/news/Javelin-Likelihood-of-Fraud-bw-800105111.html?x=0&.v=1
presumably the fraud isn't four times higher just because of the notification .... but it is related to the breach that prompted the notification.
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Secret Service plans IT reboot Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 27 Oct 2009 12:27:11 -0400Steve_Thompson@STERCOMM.COM (Thompson, Steve) writes:
storage cancer
misc. past posts mentioning bitnet (&/or earn)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The future of CPU based computing, mini clusters. Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Tue, 27 Oct 2009 18:00:18 -0400Mayan Moudgill <mayan@bestweb.net> writes:
where the virtual addresses are "STO" associative ... effectively address space identifier. there was work in original 370 architecture allowing for "PTO" associative i.e. STO (segment table origin) points to a unique "Segment table" for each address space; the segment table contains segment table entries which are PTOs (page table origin) pointing to page table for each segment. If different virtual address spaces did sharing by pointing to the same segment (i.e. pagetable) and if the cache was PTO associative ... then there wouldn't be a problem ... even if the same shared segment appeared at different virtual addresses in different virtual address spaces.
I had done a lot of stuff originally on cp67 for page mapped filesystem
and virtual sharing ... even sharing the same thing at different virtual
addresses (or even having the same thing appearing multiple times in the
same virtual address space at different virtual addresses). old email
discussing migrating the changes from cp67 to vm370:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: U.K. lags in information security management practices Date: 28 Oct, 2009 Blog: Information Security Networkre:
article from today on financial mess, GLBA and repeal of Glass-Steagall
Fiddling Over Reform; Paul Volcker and Mervyn King are slapped down.
http://www.forbes.com/2009/10/27/volcker-mervyn-king-glass-steagall-opinions-columnists-thomas-f-cooley.html
from above:
Many others have come to same conclusion. Mervyn King, the Governor of
the Bank of England, suggested last week that separating core aspects
of banking from riskier activities could reduce the chance that a bank
failure could put the whole financial system at risk
... snip ...
There was some anticipation that with the change in administration and shift in congressional politics that there would be efforts to correct the current situation. However, there are whole series of recent articles on enormous lobbying by the financial industrial to stave off such efforts.
Last spring, somewhat in anticipation of at least looking into new round of hearings on the subject, I did a lot of work with the thousands & thousands of scan'ed pages of the original Pecora/Glass-Steagall hearing transcripts ... creating HTML, etc.
related posts on the subjects:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#58 OCR scans of old documents
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#59 As bonuses...why breed greed, when others are in dire need?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#62 Is Wall Street World's Largest Ponzi Scheme where Madoff is Just a Poster Child?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#73 Should Glass-Steagall be reinstated?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#77 Who first mentioned Credit Crunch?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#8 The background reasons of Credit Crunch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#23 Should FDIC or the Federal Reserve Bank have the authority to shut down and take over non-bank financial institutions like AIG?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#40 Architectural Diversity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#56 What's your personal confidence level concerning financial market recovery?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#65 Just posted third article about toxic assets in a series on the current financial crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#5 Do the current Banking Results in the US hide a grim truth?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#33 Treating the Web As an Archive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#22 China's yuan 'set to usurp US dollar' as world's reserve currency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#25 The Paradox of Economic Recovery
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#29 Analysing risk, especially credit risk in Banks, which was a major reason for the current crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#40 64 Cores -- IBM is showing a prototype already
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#57 In the USA "financial regulator seeks power to curb excess speculation."
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#35 what is mortgage-backed securities?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#23 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#2 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The future of CPU based computing, mini clusters. Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Wed, 28 Oct 2009 12:30:14 -0400re:
I've periodically claimed that John's 801/risc in the mid to late 70s
some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
was to to to the opposite hardware extreme from the (failed/canceled)
future system effort ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
801/iliad/romp/rios started out 32bit virtual addresses ... with 16 segment registers (top four bits of virtual address would access one of 16 segment registers). The segment register would contain a "segment id" (12bits in romp, 24bits in rios) ... which would be used to provide "associativity" (TLB).
in 370, TLB (and potentially virtual cache) would be "STO" associative ... basically the real address of the start of the address space "segment table". 370 hardware could implement a "STO stack" ... say seven entries saving the most recently used STOs. TLB (STO-associative) entries would have 3-bit tag ... indicating invalid entry ... or association with one of the seven entries from the STO stack.
801 with inverted tables ... didn't have a corresponding hardware tables for uniquely identifying virtual address space ... so explicitly defined an virtual address spaced identifier ... or actually a virtual address space segment identifier (a combination of 16 values used to create a virtual address space definition). The ROMP 12-bit "identifier" roughtly corresponded to the 3bit STO-stack identifier in (some) 370 hardware implementations. However, being a segment identifier ... it corresponds closer to the "PTO" identifier mentioned in the previous post (allowed for in the original 370 architecture definition ... but I don't believe there was actually any such 370 implementation).
There were some issues with only 16 segment registers ... that it limited number of concurrent different shared objects for sharing. In original 801, there was no protection domain ... and the claim was that inline code could as easily change the value in one of the virtual segment registers ... as address pointers in general registers could be changed. This ran into little more difficulty in the transition to using 801 for unix ... and requirement to implement hardware protection domain.
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: FBI: National data-breach law would help fight cybercrime Date: 28 Oct, 2009 Blog: Information Security NetworkFBI: National data-breach law would help fight cybercrime
from above:
A U.S. law that would require businesses to report data breaches to
potential victims could help law enforcement agencies fight the growth
of cybercrime, a U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation official said
Wednesday.
... snip ...
some of the issues and history of data breach notification has been recently discussed in new article discussion:
U.K. lags in information security management practices
http://www.linkedin.com/newsArticle?viewDiscussion=&articleID=79571561&gid=80784
posts also archived here:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#17
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#20
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 28 Oct 2009 16:26:18 -0400Eric Chomko <pne.chomko@comcast.net> writes:
with GLBA repeal of Glass-Steagall, the unregulated investment banking arms (of regulated depository financial institutions) bought up a huge amount of the triple-A rated, mortgage-backed toxic CDOs (from unregulated load originators) and carried them off-balance. Beginning of this year ... there was an estimate that the four largest regulated depository financial institutions had over five trillion being carried off-balance (courtesy of GLBA, repeal of Glass-Steagall, and their unregulated investment banking arms). At the time, there was some market in that five trillion in toxic CDOs ... going for 22cent on the dollar.
bloomberg article from early in the year:
Bank's Hidden Junk Menaces $1 Trillion Purge
>http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=newsarchive&sid=akv_p6LBNIdw&refer=home
from above:
So investors betting for quick solutions to the financial crisis could
be disappointed. The tangled web that banks wove over the years will
take a long time to undo.
At the end of 2008, for example, off-balance-sheet assets at just the
four biggest U.S. banks -- Bank of America Corp., Citigroup Inc.,
JPMorgan Chase & Co. and Wells Fargo & Co. -- were about $5.2
trillion, according to their 2008 annual filings.
... snip ...
as in past statements, w/o the unregulated investment banking institutions with their huge appetite for those mortgage-backed toxic CDOs .... the unregulated loan originators wouldn't have had the funds to make all of those lonas (unlikely to have been a tens of billions problem ... instead what turns out to be large multiple trillions).
there was past estimate that possibly 1000 executives were responsible for 80 percent of current financial mess. Part of this was that select individuals could get compensation based on size of deal (buying & selling) ... unrelated to quality, profit and/or the eventual effect on the institutions, economy and the country.
The original justification for the TARP funds ... was that it would be used to buy up those off-balance toxic CDOs (and clear them off the books of the too big to fail institutions). However, it is possible when they found that a measly trillion dollars would hardly make a dent in the problem ... they changed and used TARP for a give-away to prop up the institutions in other ways ... and allowed the audit rules to leave the toxic assets off-balance (maybe hoping that at some time in the future, that the assets appreaciate in value to the point that the institutions would no longer be considered insolvent ... and then could be brought back onto the books).
past posts mentioning above article:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#23 Should FDIC or the Federal Reserve Bank have the authority to shut down and take over non-bank financial institutions like AIG?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#36 Architectural Diversity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#53 Are the "brightest minds in finance" finally onto something?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#70 When did "client server" become part of the language?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#79 Are the "brightest minds in finance" finally onto something?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#27 US banking Changes- TARP Proposl
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#31 What is the real basis for business mess we are facing today?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#35 US banking Changes- TARP Proposl
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#38 On whom or what would you place the blame for the sub-prime crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#47 TARP Disbursements Through April 10th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#49 Is the current downturn cyclic or systemic?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#53 What every taxpayer should know about what caused the current Financial Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#3 Do the current Banking Results in the US hide a grim truth?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#79 The $4 trillion housing headache
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#60 In the USA "financial regulator seeks power to curb excess speculation."
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#77 Financial Regulatory Reform - elimination of loophole allowing special purpose institutions outside Bank Holding Company (BHC) oversigh
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#35 what is mortgage-backed securities?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#69 64 Cores -- IBM is showing a prototype already
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Survey Revives Debate Over Mainframe's Future Date: 29 Oct, 2009 Blog: Mainframe ExpertsSurvey Revives Debate Over Mainframe's Future
from above:
A survey by Afcom predicts a decline in mainframe use, though some
analysts are skeptical.
... snip ...
some archived posts in slightly related thread from
bit.listserv.ibm-main (mailing list that started on bitnet in the
80s):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#81 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#0 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#7 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#10 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
There was a lot of operations that have attempted to migrate off mainframes ... some of them successfully. A common/frequent refrain was that they couldn't find/hire mainframe trained staff.
Part of the thread in bit.listserv.ibm-main traces it back to anti-trust and other litigation in the 60s and 70s. The company had a shift away from the deep discount & support given to educational institutions. Eventually educational institutions became populated with other kinds of computers ... and there were fewer and fewer graduates with mainframe experience. In the 90s, I know of large gov. facilities that shutdown mainframes when last support person left/retired (and hadn't been able to hire replacement).
There have also been discussion about how to go from something like two-nines availability to five-nines (or greater) availability. That has become more & more environmental issues and having countermeasures for surviving local disasters.
When I was out marketing our HA/CMP product
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
... I coined the terms disaster survivability and geographic
survivability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available
I was also asked to write a section in the corporate continuous available strategy document ... but the section got pulled when both Rochester and POK (mainframes) complained (that they weren't able to meet the objectives).
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook. Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 29 Oct 2009 11:32:12 -0400Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
x-over post from yesterday on linkedin ... this morning there were comments on tv business news asking why there haven't been more attention being paid to Volcker and King ... and putting Glass-Steagall back in place ...
article from today on financial mess, GLBA and repeal of Glass-Steagall
Fiddling Over Reform; Paul Volcker and Mervyn King are slapped down.
http://www.forbes.com/2009/10/27/volcker-mervyn-king-glass-steagall-opinions-columnists-thomas-f-cooley.html
from above:
Many others have come to same conclusion. Mervyn King, the Governor of
the Bank of England, suggested last week that separating core aspects of
banking from riskier activities could reduce the chance that a bank
failure could put the whole financial system at risk
... snip ...
There was some anticipation that with the change in administration and shift in congressional politics that there would be efforts to correct the current situation. However, there are whole series of recent articles on enormous lobbying by the financial industrial to stave off such efforts.
Last spring, somewhat in anticipation of at least looking into new round of hearings on the subject, I did a lot of work with the thousands & thousands of scan'ed pages of the original Pecora/Glass-Steagall hearing transcripts ... creating HTML, etc.
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Happy 40th Birthday, Internet! Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 29 Oct 2009 12:26:33 -0400Happy 40th Birthday, Internet!
from above:
Kleinrock was trying to write "login," starting up a remote time-sharing
system, but the system crashed after two letters, and lo! The Internet
was born with the first data message sent between two networked
computers.
... snip ...
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: FBI: National data-breach law would help fight cybercrime Date: 29 Oct, 2009 Blog: Information Securityre:
We were tangentially involved in the cal. state data breach notification. We were brought in to help wordsmith the cal. state electronic signature legislation and several of the organization were also heavily involved in privacy issues. They had done in-depth consumer surveys on privacy and the #1 issue that kept turning up was "identity theft" ... especially the major subcategory account fraud in large part result of data breaches. It seemed that little or nothing was being done in this area and they seemed to think that the publicity from breach notification would result/motivate corrective action.
Since then there have been several other states that have passed
similar legislation. Also in the past several years there have been a
number of breach notification bills introduced in congress ... which
appear to fall into two general categories 1) bills with similar
notification requirements and 2) federal pre-emption that would
eliminate a lot of breach notification requirements. about the same
as the work on the data breach notification,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_breach
there were also the industry critical infrastructure protection
meetings
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_Infrastructure_Protection
and push for ISACs (industry exploit, threats and vulnerability
information sharing). there was some perception that financial
industry didn't want to divulge/share exploits (even non public ISAC).
http://www.fsisac.com/
if the FBI is advocating a national data breach notification legislation to help fight cybercrime, it raises question whether exploits are being divulged ... even in the non-public financial industry critical infrastructure ISAC.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Happy 40th Birthday, Internet! Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 29 Oct 2009 17:27:44 -0400Al Kossow <aek@bitsavers.org> writes:
a little better ...
A Look Back At Internet's Birth 40 Years Ago
http://www.redorbit.com/news/technology/1777494/a_look_back_at_internets_birth_40_years_ago/index.html
from above:
Kline began by typing the letter "L", and then asked his colleague Bill Duvall at SRI via telephone whether or not the letter had arrived.
... snip ...
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Computer Experts Deconstruct FDIC Email Scam Date: 29 Oct, 2009 Blog: Computer Security and ForensicsComputer Experts Deconstruct FDIC Email Scam
from above:
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) warned this week that
cyber criminals are using fake messages claiming to be from the FDIC
to steal victims' financial data.
... snip ...
also
BitDefender Reports Fake FDIC Notification Leading To Infamous ZBot
http://www.darkreading.com/vulnerability_management/security/antivirus/showArticle.jhtml?articleID=221100094
In the 90s, the majority of the exploits involved buffer related problems associated with characteristic of C programming language. In the first part of the decade the percentages shifted (buffer related problems didn't decrease ... the problem just became a lot larger) with sharp increase network distributed files that took advantage of features that would automatically execute embedded scripts in files.
Some of this is legacy of "enhancing" business applications with automatic script which evolved in closed/private networks. This was transposed to the hostile and wild anarchy of the internet ... w/o adequate countermeasures (somewhat analogous to believing that because you can live on the surface of the planet w/o a space suit ... that you can also live in open space w/o a space suit).
More recently there has been report that exploits have been 1/3rd buffer length related, 1/3rd automatic scripting, and 1/3rd social engineering (frequently involving getting people to execute scripts that wouldn't otherwise be automatically executed).
old post about doing word frequency/counts on explit reports
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004e.html#43
attempting to categorize exploits. Problem has been that the official
report descriptions have been somewhat freeform ... i've been
periodically advocating that the reports include more formal
classification information. more recent post discussing the subject
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#46
Mainframe tcp/ip in 80s was implemented in vs/pascal ... and had none
of the buffer related problems that showed up in C language related
implementations. That implementation did have some issues using a 3090
processor getting 44kbytes/sec. I did RFC1044 implementation and in
some tuning tests at Cray Research got channel/media thruput between
Cray and 4341 (clone) using only modest amount of 4341 processor
(possibly three orders magnitude improvement in bytes moved per
instruction executed). misc. past posts mentioning rfc 1044 support
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#1044
In the 90s we were asked to consult with a small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on their server ... and they had invented this technology called SSL they wanted to use; the result is now frequently referred to as "electronic commerce". As part of that effort we had to do various end-to-end threat & vulnerability studies ... including walk thrus of many of the new things calling themselves Certification Authorities.
Part of electronic commerce was this thing called a "payment gateway"
... which acts as the payment transaction gateway between webservers
and the financial network. We specified a bunch of countemeasures and
compensating procedures for the hostile environment of the
internet. misc. past post mentioning the payment gateway
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#gateway
Also, part of. the use of SSL between browsers and webserver had some implicit assumptions 1) the end user understood the relationship between webserver they thought they were contacting and the URL they entered and 2) the browser would check the binding between the user entered URL and webserver contacted (using SSL, SSL domain name digital certificates, public key stuff, etc). Both parts together then results in making sure that the webserver that the user thinks they are contacting is the webserver they have contacted.
Almost immediately the basic assumptions for trusted use of SSL was voided ... merchants found that SSL cut their thruput by 85-95% and dropped back to just using SSL for checkout. This results in the user clicking on a pay/checkout button which provides the URL to the browser. Now instead of the complete process ... it is reduced to just the browser validating that the webserver contacted is whatever webserver, the webserver claims to be (potentially totally unrelated to the webserver that the user thinks it is)
This "clicking" vulnerability has created a security disconnect and has been used by fraudulent websites as well as a flood of bogus email.
Later we started the HA/CMP product (high availability)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
and did detailed theat & vulnerability study of tcp/ip (not so much
specifically for external attackers ... but anything that could
compromise operation). In the project, we were also doing a lot on
cluster scale-up ... some old email from the period
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
this is old post discussing a meeting on cluster scale-up in Ellison's
conference room in Jan92
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
later two people mentioned in the above ... left and joined small client/server startup responsible for something called "commerce server". We were then called in to consult because they wanted to do payment transactions on the server.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook. Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 30 Oct 2009 09:26:42 -0400greymausg writes:
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook. Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 31 Oct 2009 08:56:44 -0400Ahem A Rivet's Shot <steveo@eircom.net> writes:
there was semi-humorous reference to Ireland lobbying against the change since the existing tax code was major motivation for US companies setting up operation in Ireland.
it would also free up several percentage of the existing work force that is devoted to dealing with the existing tax code ... for doing something that contributes productively to GDP & the economy (each individual special tax code provisions might seem inconsequencial ... but as they pile up over the years, the aggregate of all such special privisions has enormous adverse effect on the country's productivity ... starting to approach lack of competitive math & science skills coming out of educational system).
misc. past refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#87 Fraud due to stupid failure to test for negative
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#43 VMware Chief Says the OS Is History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#44 VMware Chief Says the OS Is History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#53 Are the "brightest minds in finance" finally onto something?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#83 Architectural Diversity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#20 China's yuan 'set to usurp US dollar' as world's reserve currency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#13 64 Cores -- IBM is showing a prototype already
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Getting Out Hard Drive in Real Old Computer Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 31 Oct 2009 09:11:20 -0400Chris Barts <chbarts+usenet@gmail.com> writes:
in the mid-80s, there was comment that the internal network had over half of all the (hardware) link encryptors in the world (provided the revenue for whole crypto companies).
I was looking for something more powerful and versatile for HSDT ...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
old email that to do software DES on T1 link ... would require a
dedicated 3081 processor for the traffic in each direction (two 3081
processors dedicated for supporting DES encryption on full-duplex T1
link).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#email841115
in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#36
for misc. other crypto related old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#crypto
including discussion of PGP-like implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#email810506
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email810515
a couple posts about being faced with three kinds of crypto
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#87 New test attempt
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#86 Own a piece of the crypto wars
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008j.html#43 What is "timesharing" (Re: OS X Finder windows vs terminal window weirdness)
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Survey Revives Depate Over Mainframe's Future Date: 31 Oct, 2009 Blog: Mainframe ExpertsSurvey Revives Depate Over Mainframe's Future
from above:
A survey by Afcom predicts a decline in mainframe use, though some
analysts are skeptical.
... snip ...
some archived posts in slightly related thread from
bit.listserv.ibm-main (mailing list that started on bitnet in the
80s):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#81 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#0 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#7 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#10 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
There was a lot of operations that have attempted to migrate off mainframes ... some of them successfully. A common/frequent refrain was that they couldn't find/hire mainframe trained staff.
Part of the thread in bit.listserv.ibm-main traces it back to anti-trust and other litigation in the 60s and 70s. The company had a shift away from the deep discount & support given to educational institutions. Eventually educational institutions became populated with other kinds of computers ... and there were fewer and fewer graduates with mainframe experience. In the 90s, I know of large gov. facilities that shutdown mainframes when last support person left/retired (and hadn't been able to hire replacement).
There have also been discussion about how to go from something like two-nines availability to five-nines (or greater) availability. That has become more & more environmental issues and having countermeasures for surviving local disasters.
When I was out marketing our HA/CMP product
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
... I coined the terms disaster survivability and geographic
survivability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available
I was also asked to write a section in the corporate continuous available strategy document ... but the section got pulled when both Rochester and POK (mainframes) complained (that they weren't able to meet the objectives).
I was undergraduate in the 60s ... but doing a lot of work on CP67. Spring of '69, IBM & Boeing talked me into giving a one week/40hr class during spring break on CP67 to the technical staff of the recently formed BCS (I'm actually LinkedIn to one of the people that was in that class). Then summer of '69, I was hired as a full-time BCS employee (even tho I hadn't graduated yet ... I then went on education leave of absence to finish school) to setup/install cp67 system and help get BCS going. I got a basement apartment not far from SeaTac from Boeing engineer working on 747 up in Everett. That summer at Boeing ... I also did the CP67 changes for pageable kernel ... now quite a bit of changes I did as undergraduate was released as part of cp67 product ... the changes for pageable kernel weren't released until vm370.
Part of the issue with forming BCS was to change datacenter from a cost center to (at least on paper) P&L center ... making it easier to justify new hardware and latest software (and also allow "selling" to non-Boeing customers). However, BCS started out in corporate hdqtrs (had a 360/30 for doing payroll) across from Boeing field ... and there was all sorts of politics going absorbing various datacenters around Boeing. At the time, Renton was the largest datacenter I had been in ... one of the visits they had big backlog of 360s being installed ... they were coming in faster than they could be deployed (there were frequently all the pieces for three 360/65s sitting in halls ... waiting for installation).
In the 80s, I sponsored Boyd's briefings at IBM ... misc. URLs from
around the web mentioning Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html#boyd2
One of Boyd's biographies mentioning him doing a years tour in 1970 running spook base ... "a $2.5B windfall for IBM".
When I graduated, I had choice between going back to Boeing (I was
still listed as full-time employee), taking offer from one of the
recently formed commercial cp67 time-sharing service bureaus, or
joining the science center. I joined the science center.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm
... oh, at $2.5B ... spook base would seemed to have been a larger datacenter than renton.
23Jun69 unbundling (during summer I was at BCS) started charging for
application software, maint, SE services, etc. Part of the problem was
major traditional training for SEs was sort of apprentice kind of
program as part of large SE group on-site at customers. With
unbundling that disappeared ... past posts mentioning unbundling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle
Somewhat to compensate the data processing division created several HONE (hands-on) CP67 datacenters in the US to give branch SEs online virtual machine access to practice their operating system skills.
also ported APL\360 to CMS for CMS\APL ... several parts of APL had to
be reworked for (large) virtual memory environment. Dataprocessing
division also started deploying some number of CMS\APL sales&marketing
support applications on HONE ... which soon came to dominate all HONE
usage (and the SE virtual machine operating system use withered
away).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
One of my hobbies at science center was building & supporting highly
enhanced operating systems for internal locations (including HONE). As
part of HONE expanding to world-wide sales&marketing support (by
mid-70s mainframe orders had to be run through HONE applications
before being processed) ... I got some number of overseas trips as
part of cloning HONE systems around the world. some old email about
"csc/vm"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#email731212
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430
science center was on 4th flr, 545 tech sq, multics was on 5th flr 545 tech sq. there was some friendly rivalry between the groups. I've mentioned in the past that at one point, I was supporting more internal "CSC/VM" systems than the aggregate number of MULTICS installation that ever existed (the number of CSC/VM systems was smaller than the total number of internal vm systems ... which was also much smaller than the total number of customer vm systems.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 31 Oct 2009 13:15:38 -0400Patrick Scheible <kkt@zipcon.net> writes:
even more interesting was how to deal with traffic on the wire coming into mainframe memory.
one of the first "bugs" when getting the clone controller working at the
univ ... misc. past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
was initial incoming terminal data was all garbage in mainframe memory; had (momentarily) overlooked the fact that the official terminal controller line scanner placed leading bit off the wire in low-order bit position. as a result when ascii terminal bytes actually transferred to mainframe memory ... each ascii terminal/character byte was "bit-reversed". in order to properly emulate the official mainframe controller ... the clone controller also had to bit-reverse each byte off the line.
recent post/reference about as undergraduate, adding tty/ascii terminal support to cp67
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#34 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
part of adding the support to cp67, I tried to make the 2702 terminal
controller do something it couldn't quite do. this somewhat prompted
the univ. to do a clone controller project ... reverse engineering the
channel interface, building hardware channel board for an interdata/3
minicomputer and programming the interdata/3 to emulate 2702 (and also
do the stuff that I couldn't get the 2702 to do). misc. past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
recent post in (linkedin) "Greater IBM" mentions future system effort
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#8 WSJ.com - IBM Puts Executive on Leave
which in this reference describes as having been heavily motivated by clone controllers
https://www.ecole.org/en/session/49-the-rise-and-fall-of-ibm
https://www.ecole.org/en/session/49-the-rise-and-fall-of-ibm
other posts mentioning future system effort
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
the Morris & Fergus book describes that the preoccupation of the future system effort (which was going to completely replace 360/370 and was as different from 360/370 as 360 had been different from earlier computers) and failure (canceled w/o even being announced), allowed the 360/370 product pipelines dry up, allowing clone processors to gain foothold in the market. the book also mentions that the future system failure had long term effect on the corporate culture ... the old culture under Watsons being replace with sycophancy and make no waves under Opel and Akers (somewhat being able to coast on prior glories).
similar recent discussion from bit.listserv.ibm-main mailing list
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#29 Justice Department probing allegations of abuse by IBM in mainframe computer market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#31 Justice Department probing allegations of abuse by IBM in mainframe computer market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#32 Justice Department probing allegations of abuse by IBM in mainframe computer market
During the future system period, I had continued to do 370 stuff
... and somewhat pan'ed the effort by drawing comparison with cult
film that had been playing continuously for over decade down in
central sq ... which probably wasn't a career enhancing mode ... possibly
unrelated, but later being told by an executive that
they could have
forgiven me for being wrong but they were never going to forgive me
for being right
There seems to have been a lot of similarities with old Boyd quote:
"There are two career paths in front of you, and you have to choose
which path you will follow. One path leads to promotions, titles, and
positions of distinction.... The other path leads to doing things that
are truly significant for the Air Force, but the rewards will quite
often be a kick in the stomach because you may have to cross swords
with the party line on occasion. You can't go down both paths, you
have to choose. Do you want to be a man of distinction or do you want
to do things that really influence the shape of the Air Force? To be
or to do, that is the question." Colonel John R. Boyd, USAF 1927-1997
... snip ...
From the dedication of Boyd Hall, United States Air Force Weapons School, Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada. 17 September 1999
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: DB2 announces technology that trumps Oracle RAC and Exadata Date: 31 Oct, 2009 Blog: AIX Advanced Technical ExpertsDB2 announces technology that trumps Oracle RAC and Exadata
from above:
DB2 pureScale database clustering borrows from the mainframe design to
deliver better scalability and high availability to trump Oracle RAC
and Exadata.
... snip ...
also:
IBM pureScale Technology Redefines Transaction Processing
Economics. New DB2 Feature Sets the Bar for System Performance on More
than 100 IBM Power Systems
http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/28593.wss
...
small hiatus since Jan92 meeting in Ellison's conference room
mentioned in this old post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
part of the issue was that in the early 90s, the non-mainframe DB2 (shelby/persist/crosswinds) were still pretty much focused on OS2 ... so for AIX, we were working with Ingres, Oracle, Sybase, and Informix. A lot of early cluster work was with Ingres and moving their vax/cluster product to HA/CMP and working on scale-up.
some old email from the period on cluster, DLM and DBMS scale-up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
other HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
much earlier my wife had been con'ed into going to POK to be in charge
of (mainframe) loosely-coupled architecture and created Peer-Coupled
Shared Data architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#shareddata
... which except for IMS hot-standby ... saw very little uptake initially (until much later) .... contributing to her not remaining long in the position. Part of the issue at the time was preoccupation with tightly-coupled.
AIX filesystem didn't have shared-disk support ... so had to move the Oracle & Ingres "vax/cluster" shared-disk support to AIX shared-disk cluster with "raw disks".
Ingres had a list of ten short-comings in vax/cluster ... which we "fixed" for them ... in addition to lots of scale-up having done mainframe shared-disk support back to the 70s.
This was required looking at scale-up to hundreds of processors and thousands of shared disks.
HA Sybase & HA Informix work was straight partitioned RDBMS and "fall-over" ... not having (heritage of vax/cluster) shared disk.
and for something totally different, lots of past posts mentioning
original relational/sql implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Survey Revives Debate Over Mainframe's Future - Business Center Date: 31 Oct, 2009 Blog: Mainframe Experts Networkre:
In the mid-70s, US HONE datacenters were consolidated in Cal. ... in a large, shared-disk, loosely-coupled complex (possibly largest single-system image implementation at the time) ... with load-balancing and fall-over. Then because of earthquake concerns, the datacenter was replicated first in Dallas and then a 3rd in Boulder ... with load-balancing and fall-over between the three locations. All this built on virtual machine vm370 platform.
The original relational/sql system/r was also all done on vm370 platform ... I even handled some of the technology transfer to Endicott for SQL/DS product.
Then one of the people mentioned in this Jan92 meeting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
claimed to have handled the technology transfer from Endicott back to STL for what becomes (mainframe) DB2 (when they were working in STL).
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Hillgang user group presentation yesterday Date: 31 Oct, 2009 Blog: z/VMre:
The queue drop delay was because lack of adequate measurements. there
were actually several problems at the time ... old email discussing in
detail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#email830420
in this old post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#57
first off ... SMP support was changed for SP1 ... special case for TPF customers ... but adding 10-15% degradation to all customers running multiprocessors.
back then vm370 dropped virtual machine from queue based on whether virtual device type was "high-speed" or "low-speed". this resulted in virtual machine doing I/O to "slow-speed" virtual 3215 would be dropped ... even when it was a "high-speed" 3270. I had a fix for this I had done to cp67 to drop based on real device type ... not virtual device type (running on internal vm370 systems)
finally, some virtual machines could have a large amount of concurrent activity involving multiple "slow-speed" devices (which in aggregate would have frequent operations). In the mid-70s ... I had done some stuff to remember most recent queue drop period ... and not drop high-activity virtual machines ... even when waiting on (all) slow-speed devices (or timer value).
plus some other stuff mentioned in the referenced email.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 31 Oct 2009 19:45:51 -0400AIX filesystem didn't have shared-disk support ... so had to move the Oracle & Ingres "vax/cluster" shared-disk support to AIX shared-disk cluster with "raw disks".
Ingres had a list of several short-comings in vax/cluster ... which we "fixed" for them ... in addition to lots of scale-up having done mainframe shared-disk support back to the 70s.
This was required looking at scale-up to hundreds of processors and thousands of shared disks.
HA Sybase & HA Informix work was straight partitioned RDBMS and "fall-over" ... not having (heritage of vax/cluster) shared disk.
and for something totally different, lots of past posts mentioning
original relational/sql implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
from long ago and far away ...
Date: Mon, 29 Jul 91 15:14:38 EST
From: wheeler
Subject: Some HA/CMP Project Activities Summary
This is a summary of the HA/CMP project position, both respect to the
recent internal IBM classes and customer demo/presentations, as well
as the long term objectives.
The immediate roll-out of HA/CMP activities (as well as related
activities) being discussed with IBM'ers and numerous customers (under
non-disclosure letters):
1) Highly Available RISC/6000 scheduled to announce
in August and ship in either Sept. or Oct.
2) shrink-wrap RISC/6000 Unitree this fall
3) staged roll-out of HA/Unitree enhancements
next year
4) numerous other HA/CMP and related development
activities that will be going on over the next
12-18 months
The HA/CMP project activities and directions are addressing:
1) augmenting industry standard Unix environments
for server, commerical, and industrial markets
2) supporting interoperability and portability
standards in the Unix market place
3) providing high-availability features as add-ons
to the standard environment.
a) no single point of failure configurations
b) all data and components replicated
c) optional use of replicated hardware for
horizontal growth
4) providing high-availability features in a cost/effective
manner by leveraging horizontal growth opportunities
5) system managed storage and other resource control
and management functions
6) disaster survivability functions
7) industry standard kernel
8) addressing additional performance opportunities for the
distributed environment
... snip ... top of post, old email index
I had coined the terms disaster survivability and geographic
survivability when out marketing to customers. I was also asked
to write a section for the corporate continuous availability
strategy document ... but it got pulled when both Rochester
and POK complained (that they couldn't meet the objectives).
misc. past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook. Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 31 Oct 2009 23:32:33 -0400Dave Garland <dave.garland@wizinfo.com> writes:
the issue of flat tax simplifying the tax code by at least two orders of magnitude (at least two orders of magnitude reduction in number of pages ... but complexity actually tends to increase non-linearly with size ... so reduction in size of tax code by two orders of magnitude might reduce complexity by 3-4 orders of magnitude) and eliminating much of the cause of lobbying and corruption .... is separate from the issue of flat tax change changing how much different parties pay in taxes and for what reasons.
it is likely that the lobbiests aren't interested in significantly reducing the justifications for lobbying.
on of the big issues with eliminating all the effort dealing with tax code (& lobbying) ... estimate that switching all that non-productive effort to something that actually has positive contribution to the economy, could incrase GDP by several percent.
argument could be made that with increase in the productivity in the economy and the country ... that things would improve at least as much as what-ever justification exists for the enormous number of special provisions.
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Wireless security (somehow thread-drifted from Re: Getting Out Hard Drive in Real Old Computer) Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 01 Nov 2009 10:02:00 -0500"Joe Morris" <j.c.morris@verizon.net> writes:
... we did a lot of work with ip-address take-over; one server fails ... another server takes its place and assumes the first servers ip-address.
we had a problem with a bug in bsd 4.3 reno/tahoe implementation used by majority of the platforms. ARP protocol specifies that client sends out ARP broadcast, requesting MAC address for corresponding ip-address. The response is saved in ARP table (mapping of ip-addresses to mac-addresses). ARP protocol requires that the entries in the ARP table time-out periodically (relatively short interval). The time-out results in clients eventually re-issuing ARP broadcast and gets back the MAC address for the take-over server.
The "bug" was that there was performance optimization, the ip-layer code saved the result from call to ARP table code. The next entry to ip-layer code, it would check if the ip-address was the same as the saved ip-address (from previous execution) ... and use that saved MAC address. This value never timed out ... and only changed if the client had tcp/ip communication with some other ip-address. There is lots & lots of client activity that goes for extended periods only communicating with the same server (or possibly the same router) ... resulting in the "saved" (MAC) value never timing out. This "bug" existed in millions of platforms from large number of different vendors ... and there was no reasonable expectation to having it corrected in any reasonable period of time.
So a work-around ... was to have "take-over" server to send out broadcast from some other ip-address ... trying to prod all the clients to run through their ip-layer code for some other ip-address (& changing the saved MAC value). Then the next communication using the take-over ip-address would result in actually executing the ARP-layer code ... and eventually associating the correct MAC value.
In any case, we did look at a number of other kinds of implementations (not necesarily even strictly "HA" oriented) that went to using adatper cards that had software setable MAC addresses ... as means of addressing various kinds of issues (including some kinds of non-IP protocols that have more tightly bound MAC addresses and don't have dynamic ARP-like layer).
wiki MAC address
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_address
from above:
Although intended to be a permanent and globally unique identification,
it is possible to change the MAC address on most of today's hardware, an
action often referred to as MAC spoofing.
... snip ...
wiki MAC spoofing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAC_spoofing
and wiki ARP spoofing
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARP_spoofing
and "Hacking Techniques in Wireless Networks"
http://www.cs.wright.edu/~pmateti/InternetSecurity/Lectures/WirelessHacks/Mateti-WirelessHacks.htm
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Wireless security (somehow thread-drifted from Re: Getting Out Hard Drive in Real Old Computer) Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 01 Nov 2009 15:17:47 -0500sidd <sidd@situ.com> writes:
bsd4.3 tahoe is more than 20yrs old ... bits and pieces from the tar
distribution:
1988-10-10 21:35 arp.c
1988-09-20 00:19 Makefile
1988-09-20 00:08 arp.8
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 01 Nov 2009 19:16:26 -0500Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
re:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#35 DB2 announces technology that trumps Oracle RAC and Exadata
the base RDBMSes that i was working could have a form of lazy-write or fast-commit ... where the locks were released as soon as log record(s) was written ... but the actual records weren't necessarily written to their dbms location. this could significantly improve the thruput ... but it left actual dbms in inconsistent state. Recovery after a failure, then involved updating the dbms from the log records (roll-forward).
for the shared-disk vax/cluster scenario ... to avoid problems with merging different recovery logs ... buffer-to-buffer (involving different processors in shared-disk clsuter) involved forcing modified records (in cache) to disk ... where they were then read back off disk.
past posts discussing the much earlier ha/cmp scale-up upgrading DBMS
shared-disk cluster mechanism (in some cases from vax/cluster heritage)
to support direct buffer-to-buffer transfers and in the case of
failure/recovery, the process of merging the different
processor-specific log records in correct order:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#40 Disk drive behavior
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#8 Avoiding JCL Space Abends
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003i.html#70 A few Z990 Gee-Wiz stats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003j.html#7 A few Z990 Gee-Wiz stats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004q.html#70 CAS and LL/SC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005f.html#32 the relational model of data objects *and* program objects
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006c.html#8 IBM 610 workstation computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#33 When Does Folklore Begin???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007i.html#27 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#58 what does xp do when system is copying
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#81 Random thoughts
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time Date: 2 Nov, 2009 Blog: Greater IBMrecent announcement ...
z/VM V61. Preview Summary and Statements of Direction
http://www.vm.ibm.com/zvm610/zvm61sum.html
when the US HONE (vm370) datacenters were consolidated in northern
cal. in the mid-70s. worked started off on shared disk,
loosely-coupled, single-system-image ... with failure fall-over and
front-end load-balancing (load balancing across systems). both the US
hone datacenter was operating in this way as well as the european hone
datacenter in uithoorn. misc past posts mentioning HONE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
note ... (at least) one of the original cp67 commercial time-sharing service bureaus had migrated to vm370 and by mid 70s had implemented single-system-image, loosely-coupled shared disk operation ... that also included process migration .... aka processes could be dynamically migrated from one CEC to another ... say for taking a CEC offline for scheduled maint.
as to HONE, because of earthquake/disaster concerns ... in the early 80s, the US HONE vm370 datacenter was replicated first in dallas and then a 3rd center in boulder ... with single-system image, disaster survivability and load-balancing across the 3 dataceenters.
a few recent posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#32 Justice Department probing allegations of abuse by IBM in mainframe computer market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#57 Justice Department probing allegations of abuse by IBM in mainframe computer market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#52 Revisiting CHARACTER and BUSINESS ETHICS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#81 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#33 Survey Revives Debate Over Mainframe's Future - Business Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#34 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#36 Survey Revives Debate Over Mainframe's Future - Business Center
.... and another recent announcement .....
DB2 announces technology that trumps Oracle RAC and Exadata
http://freedb2.com/2009/10/10/for-databases-size-does-matter/
IBM pureScale Technology Redefines Transaction Processing Economics.
New DB2 Feature Sets the Bar for System Performance on More than
100 IBM Power Systems
http://www-03.ibm.com/press/us/en/pressrelease/28593.wss
this is discussion of meeting in ellison conference room jan92 on
loosely-coupled shared disk for 128-way processor by ye92.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
and then
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#email920129
in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#3 Why so little parallelism?
however over the next couple weeks, the effort was transferred, we
were told we couldn't work on anything with more than 4 processors
... and there was announcement for numerical intensive-only. some old
email on ha/cmp cluster scale-up from the period.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
in this particular instance, rdbms with shared-disk vax/cluster support was migrated to ha/cmp (the underlying filesystem didn't support shared disk, so had to do raw device) ... with added performance enhancements ... including extending lazy-writes/fast-commit to cluster environment ... including being able to do direct buffer-to-buffer transfers w/o having to drag the records out to disk and back in ... the direct buffer-to-buffer copies was straight-forward ... the harder part was working out merging log records in correct order from several different logs during recovery.
a couple recent posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#35 DB2 announces technology that trumps Oracle RAC and Exadata
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#42 big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Nearly 500 People Fall Victim to ATM Skimming Scam Date: 2 Nov, 2009 Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and SecurityNearly 500 People Fall Victim to ATM Skimming Scam
from above:
Detectives said nearly 500 debit cards have been compromised after
crooks attached skimming devices to area ATM machines.
... skip ...
nacha rfi for nacha debit trails
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/nacharfi.htm
basically a chip that is always dynamic data ... then traditional skimming or data breaches doesn't provide information that can be used in replay attacks (i.e. use information from previous transactions/interactions for new fraudulent transaction). That doesn't preclude fraudulent card-acceptor machines from getting card to authorize some sort of financial transaction different from what is reported to the user ... aka is the transactions that the user "sees" ... the transaction that is executed?
the results of internet-specific pilot
https://web.archive.org/web/20070706004855/http://internetcouncil.nacha.org/News/news.html
there were a number of CHIP based programs in the US in the early part of this decade that ran into various kinds of problems ... which appeared to motivate a pullback from all CHIP based programs with hardly any trace left.
One was POS chip based pilot deployment ... but in the time-frame of
the Yes Card threat .... old reference to CARTES2002 presentation
that it was trivial to clone/counterfeit chips and program them for
Yes Cards (last paragraph, bottom of the page):
https://web.archive.org/web/20030417083810/http://www.smartcard.co.uk/resources/articles/cartes2002.html
lots of past posts discussing Yes Card vulnerability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#yescard
there was also a internet-oriented CHIP based program that involved free giveaway of serial-port card acceptor devices. The enormous customer support issues with those serial-port card acceptor devices resulted in pulling back from the program and a rapidly spreading opinion in the financial industry that chipcards weren't practical in the consumer market place.
However, there had been several pitches in the mid-90s about major motivation for migrating the (old) dial-up home banking programs to the internet was the enormous customer support issues supporting serial-port devices. In fact, a major motivation for USB was the enormous end-user issues dealing with serial-port devices.
In any case, the (ephemeral) financial industry institution knowledge regarding enormous consumer serial-port support issues appeared to rapidly evaporate after the migration of online banking from (proprietary) dial-up to the internet.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: ATM machines are increasingly attractive to hackers Date: 3 Nov, 2009 Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and SecurityATM machines are increasingly attractive to hackers
from above:
What's to stop anyone placing 'back-doored' ATMs around the
place? They don't even have to dispense cash; a message
saying 'out of cash' after the victim has entered the PIN
would do. Find some 'sympathetic' shopkeepers to locate
machines in their premise
... snip ...
One of the issues with the low-tech vis-a-vis high-tech is the fraud return-on-investment to the crook and the aggregate amounts that are lost in the particular approach. An ATM compromised at point of manufacturer has been known to reap tens of millions (cases dating back at least 10-15 yrs). The effort for the compromise is on the order of the newspaper distraction (reaping $300 ... although it requires some amount more skill and planning).
There have been past criticisms of some law enforcement organizations having preoccupation with bank robbers that reap thousands or tens of thousands ... while roughly equivalent "white-collar" variety makes off with tens of millions (maybe three orders of magnitude ROI for roughly equivalent amount of activity).
similar thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#44 Nearly 500 People Fall Victim to ATM Skimming Scam
slightly related news item from (linkedin) Information Security ... archived here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#22 FBI: National data-breach law would help fight cybercrime
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#27 FBI: National data-breach law would help fight cybercrime
the above raises the question that if the FBI is promoting national
data-breach law ... that even it is not getting adequate reporting
... possibly, even financial industry ISAC isn't even getting the
information
http://www.fsisac.com/
a somewhat related thread in the same group ... also archived here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#17 U.K. lags in information security management practices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#20 U.K lags in information security management practices
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time Date: 3 Nov, 2009 Blog: AIX Advanced Technical Expertsre:
Later, one of the senior people involved in mainframe DB2 said that if
I had gone ahead and had some of these RDBMS shared-disk vax/cluster
platforms moved to 128-way HA/CMP clusters with all my enhancements by
ye92 ... it would have been at least five years ahead of mainframe
DB2.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
at least 5yrs ahead seems to be some sort of code-phrase.
i had started HSDT project (high-speed data transport) in the early
80s ... with T1 and higher speed links ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
part of that included doing RFC1044 for mainframe tcp/ip
implementation. The base support was getting 44kbytes/sec thruput
using a full 3090 processor. I did the enhancements for RFC1044
support and in some tuning tests at Cray Research was getting channel
thruput on 4341-clone using only a modest amount of the processor
(maybe a factor of 500 times improvement in bytes moved per
instruction executed)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#1044
also started talking to some of the entities that were getting involved
in (NSFNET) backbone proposal (tcp/ip is the technology basis for the
modern internet, NSFNET backbone was the operational basis for the
modern internet, and CIX was the business basis for the modern
internet). some past posts mentioning nsfnet activity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet
then some internal politics prevent bidding on the NSFNET backbone. the director of NSF tried to help by writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO). There was also the statement that what we already had running was at least 5yrs ahead of all bid submissions to build something new. That letter just aggravated the internal politics.
at one point, we had a conference scheduled with most of the target
NSFNET backbone locations (for a HSDT-based implementation) and at
least one of the executives later involved in transferring HA/CMP
cluster scale-up activity ... was also involved in calling up the
individuals and telling them that the conference had been
canceled. misc. old email from the period
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#nsfnet
We would claim that the NSFNET backbone RFP called for T1 links (much faster than the typical 56kbit links of the period) was at least partially motivated by the example of what we already had running. Note that the winning bid only installed 440kbits links (although they had telco multiplexors of T1 trunks ... so they could sort of claim meeting the letter of the RFP ... we somewhat sarcastically pointed out that they should have been able to claim T3 and/or even T5 ... since those T1 trunks ... tended to be multiplexed over much higher speed telco trunks).
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 03 Nov 2009 10:43:10 -0500re:
one of the TV business news channels spent a lot of the morning looking at (effectively) unless Glass-Steagall is put back ... the too-big-to-fail institutions won't change their ways and there would be continued rounds of bailouts for the financial industry (the only difference going forward is that they are doing their risky gambling with public bailout money)
other past posts in this thread mentioning Glass-Steagall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#56 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#58 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#62 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#23 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#25 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#48 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#84 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#2 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#23 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#25 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 03 Nov 2009 15:42:06 -0500re:
New theory on fairness in economics targets CEO pay
http://news.uns.purdue.edu/x/2009b/091103VenkatasubramanianCEO.html
from above ...
Chief executives in 35 of the top Fortune 500 companies were overpaid by
about 129 times their "ideal salaries" in 2008,
... and
The ratio of CEO pay to the lowest employee salary has gone up from
about 40-to-1 in the 1970s to as high as 344-to-1 in recent years in the
United States. However, the ratio has remained around 20-to-1 in Europe
and 11-to-1 in Japan, according to available data, he said.
... snip ...
old posts referencing earlier claim of ratio being as high as "400:1" ...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#73 Should The CEO Have the Lowest Pay In Senior Management?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008j.html#24 To: Graymouse -- Ireland and the EU, What in the H... is all this about?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008j.html#76 lack of information accuracy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008k.html#71 Cormpany sponsored insurance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#25 Taxes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#33 Taxes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#53 Are family businesses unfair competition?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008m.html#93 What do you think are the top characteristics of a good/effective leader in an organization? Do you feel these characteristics are learned or innate to an individual?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#2 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#58 Traditional Approach Won't Take Businesses Far Places
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#14 realtors (and GM, too!)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#17 realtors (and GM, too!)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#61 The vanishing CEO bonus
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#5 Greed - If greed was the cause of the global meltdown then why does the biz community appoint those who so easily succumb to its temptations?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#41 Executive pay: time for a trim?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#44 Executive pay: time for a trim?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#50 Greed Is
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#80 Are reckless risks a natural fallout of "excessive" executive compensation ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#25 The recently revealed excesses of John Thain, the former CEO of Merrill Lynch, while the firm was receiving $25 Billion in TARP funds makes me sick
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#41 The subject is authoritarian tendencies in corporate management, and how they are related to political culture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#3 Congress Set to Approve Pay Cap of $500,000
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#73 Most 'leaders' do not 'lead' and the majority of 'managers' do not 'manage'. Why is this?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#2 CEO pay sinks - Wall Street Journal/Hay Group survey results just released
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#44 What TARP means for the future of executive pay
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#37 Young Developers Get Old Mainframers' Jobs
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 03 Nov 2009 18:46:21 -0500re:
another email from long ago & far-away ... in the following, "mode3"
refers to "shared disk"; there was lengthy distribution list, including
two people in the Almaden database group and several customer marketing
contacts around the world. the following, in part leads up to meeting a
month later in ellison's conference room
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
Date: Dec 5 11:42:53 1991
From: wheeler
Subject: oracle meeting
in the oracle meeting yesterday the question of (near term oracle)
risc/6000 hardware came up in the context of:
a) immediate (oracle) development activities during the month of dec.
b) potential ibm/oracle marketing presentation to a very large number of
customers in sacramento the middle of january
c) ha/cmp demos at both the ibm & oracle booths at Uniform
Also, Oracle would like to start with something like your color
ha/cmp foils and turn out an automated storyboard ha/cmp (+ mode3
oracle) overview targeted somewhat for mis & corporate crowd. They
would like to have free diskettes to give out in time for the
trade-show ... and then make it available as a standard "pub" order
(also possibility that we can make the storyboard "diskette" image
available over the internal ibm network).
I've somewhat voluntered that I could loan one of the LSG "all disk
9333" racks available ... and LSG is supposedly getting four 530h
machines this month ... which I would loan two to Oracle. I'm still
trying to track down delivery date on the 530h.
For uniform in san fran, Jan. ... do you have a trade-show
contact that we can see about getting an HA/CMP demo in the IBM
booth.
They are still talking about ha/cmp mode3 betatest starting sometime
in Jan. at VLSI.
... snip ... top of post, old email index
basically shared-disk support was simplified if it was able to adapt existing support for vax/cluster shared-disk.
related recent thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#43 From the Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#46 From the Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 04 Nov 2009 09:11:56 -0500Ahem A Rivet's Shot <steveo@eircom.net> writes:
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 04 Nov 2009 09:56:12 -0500Roger Blake <rogblake10@iname10.com> writes:
TV business news channel this morning had one of the regulators on and asking them when congress was going to get around to fixing the underlying infrastructure ... bailout of which has put the US taxpayers on the hook for $24 Trillion in liabilities ... as a result of the '99 bank modernization act ... GLBA & repeal Glass-Steagall ... and '00 commodities trading modernization act ... exempted OTC derivatives from regulation. The regulator kept trying to play nice and say that it takes time to change the underlying infrastructure (created by decade old legislation).
25 People to Blame for the Financial Crisis; Phil Gramm
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877330,00.html
from above:
He played a leading role in writing and pushing through Congress the
1999 repeal of the Depression-era Glass-Steagall Act, which separated
commercial banks from Wall Street. He also inserted a key provision into
the 2000 Commodity Futures Modernization Act that exempted
over-the-counter derivatives like credit-default swaps from regulation
by the Commodity Futures Trading Commission. Credit-default swaps took
down AIG, which has cost the U.S. $150 billion thus far.
... snip ...
just a few recent references
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#29 What is the real basis for business mess we are facing today?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#38 On whom or what would you place the blame for the sub-prime crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#51 On whom or what would you place the blame for the sub-prime crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#53 What every taxpayer should know about what caused the current Financial Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#5 Do the current Banking Results in the US hide a grim truth?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#7 Just posted third article about toxic assets in a series on the current financial crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#33 Treating the Web As an Archive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#76 Undoing 2000 Commodity Futures Modernization Act
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#17 REGULATOR ROLE IN THE LIGHT OF RECENT FINANCIAL SCANDALS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#54 64 Cores -- IBM is showing a prototype already
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#60 In the USA "financial regulator seeks power to curb excess speculation."
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#74 Administration calls for financial system overhaul
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#77 Financial Regulatory Reform - elimination of loophole allowing special purpose institutions outside Bank Holding Company (BHC) oversigh
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#21 The Big Takeover
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#30 An Amazing Document On Madoff Said To Have Been Sent To SEC In 2005
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#35 what is mortgage-backed securities?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#56 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#84 Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook'
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Mainframe Hacking Date: 04 Nov, 2009 Blog: Mainframe Expertsibm-main mailing list originated on bitnet in the 80s ... which has maintained a fairly good moderation policy for not having things like job postings as well as off-topic subjects.
bitnet (& earn) was corporate sponsored educational network using
vm370 networking software. some posts posts mentioning bitnet/earn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
old email from somebody tasked with setting up EARN
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#email840320
it used similar network software that was used on the internal
(primarily vm370) corporate network ... which was larger than the
arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until possibly late '85
or early '86 ... some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
misc. old email mentioning the internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#vnet
url references in the subject post (from above):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#15
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#16
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#17
current ibm-main archives (requires registration to access)
http://listserv.ua.edu/archives/ibm-main.html
archives for that month:
http://bama.ua.edu/cgi-bin/wa?A1=ind0907&L=ibm-main&X=2C438C5DA4FE54B796
ibm-main mailing list distribution is also gateway to usenet ... and
so shows up in the google group usenet archives ... the google groups
bit.listserv.ibm-main thread that the above posts appeared in
(Mainframe hacking):
http://groups.google.com/group/bit.listserv.ibm-main/browse_thread/thread/14a47b85d232b0bc/7fb4adf9046f3b4a?q=mainframe+hacking+group%3Abit.listserv.ibm-main&lnk=ol&
and (posts span several google group web pages):
http://groups.google.com/group/bit.listserv.ibm-main/browse_thread/thread/14a47b85d232b0bc/5e96c23214f9043b?q=mainframe+hacking+group%3Abit.listserv.ibm-main&lnk=nl&
and
http://groups.google.com/group/bit.listserv.ibm-main/browse_thread/thread/14a47b85d232b0bc/4e08880830ee74df?q=mainframe+hacking+group%3Abit.listserv.ibm-main&lnk=nl&
the bitnet mailing list software, "listserv" was done in mid-80s
... reference here:
http://www.lsoft.com/products/listserv-history.asp
and was a subset of the internal "TOOLSRUN" that was used on the internal network. TOOLSRUN supported both a distribution list type option ... as well as being able to setup distributed clone TOOLSRUNs for something more like usenet operation (locally managed files).
the internal network (& later bitnet/earn) had a special distribution
list "driver" which optimized the physical bits actually transmitted
for large distribution list. recent post with snipets of original
(July 1980) proposal for the distribution (*LIST) driver:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#12
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#13
listserv (mailing list) function has since been ported to a number of other platforms
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 04 Nov 2009 13:53:14 -0500re:
... also applied to barter (in addition to self consumption) ... it is only when money is involved and 3rd parties ... possibly (especially) large US conglomerates
past reference (measurement of "wealth"):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#52 School traditions
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 04 Nov 2009 20:27:29 -0500re:
with old ha/cmp email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#email910729
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#email911205
note: "simple" mode1 & mode2 are two machines with shared disks ... but not doing concurrent access. In "mode1" the 2nd machine is idle and waiting for take-over in case the active machine fails. In "mode2", both machines are active with their own workload, but also monitoring the other; if either fails, the other takes-over and runs both workloads (at possibly some degradation, and/or giving preference to the higher priority workload).
mode3 is shared disk with concurrent access, easy is migrating the
rdbms vendor existing vax/cluster concurrent access shared disk support
to ha/cmp platform ... along with additional enhancements.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
Date: Thu Dec 12 15:08:12 1991
From: wheeler
Subject: HA/CMP and Oracle
informix, oracle, ingres, etc ... essential all run today w/o
modifications in "mode1" and "mode2". An implementation of Ingres
"mode3" support was done by xxxx under contract to IBM on an Ingres
6.2 platform. xxxx is currently working with Ingres to migrate the
changes to an Ingres 6.4 platform for future product release. I'm not
sure about the dates.
In parallel with that we are also working with Oracle for mode3 support
... and Oracle has been somewhat more aggresive (atlhough starting
later). We've had a series of meetings with Oracle this week in Dallas
and Austin. Oracle currently wants to highlight HA/CMP Oracle demo in
the Oracle booth at Uniform ... running effectively mode2. In parallel
with that they are planning a very aggresive development schedule for
tentative mode3 availability in April ... which also includes generic
RISC/6000 Oracle enhancements as well as HA/Oracle performance
enhancements (in addition to HA/Oracle mode3 support).
Oracle is also planning on working closely with the IBM TPC/benchmark
center in Dallas. Oracle has done some "enhancements" to Tuxedo ...
and have a plan to get this available for /t running on HA/CMP for
HA/Oracle TPC-a benchmarking work targeted for the month of March ...
in support of the planned announcement in April.
... snip ... top of post, old email index
April would have been in time for the projected 16-machine "cluster"
in July ... this old post mentioning meeting in ellison's conference
room early Jan92
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
with work to have 128-machine configurations by ye92.
everything was going fine (both commercial dbms and all the scientific
and numerical intensive) as of this email end of jan92
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#email920129
in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#3 Why so little parallelism?
but then in very quick order, the effort was transferred, we were told we
couldn't work on anything with more than four processors, and there were
announcements by middle of Feb92:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1
and additional press by the summer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters2
other old email about cluster scale-up work:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
related recent thread:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#43 From the Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#46 From the Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: MasPar compiler and simulator Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Thu, 05 Nov 2009 07:49:15 -0500Robert Myers <rbmyersusa@gmail.com> writes:
also reference in this post about meeting first of Jan92
in ellison's conference room
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
also having lots of meetings and interactions with LLNL up through
end of Jan92 ... old email reference:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#email920129
the effort was then very quickly transferred, we were told we couldn't
work on anything with more than four processors and was announced
as scientific and numerical intensive by mid-Feb92 ... some press
from 17Feb92
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1
more press quotes from 11May92 about being "caught by surprise"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters2
this old post with some number of other press items
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#70
up until above ... the supercomputer group had been doing a bunch of other stuff as well as pumping money into steve chen.
recent thread about some other activity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#43 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: MasPar compiler and simulator Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Thu, 05 Nov 2009 08:24:34 -0500re:
one of the cluster scale-up old emails
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#medusa
mentions in nov91 meeting with federal systems division (FSD) getting
things setup for FSD to make what I was doing the division's strategic
direction (not just LLNL & LANL).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email911119
as referenced here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#email920129
effectively just hrs before the activity was transferred and we were told we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: MasPar compiler and simulator Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Thu, 05 Nov 2009 21:14:54 -0500re:
there was an "official" group that was suppose to be handling scientific
and numerical intensive market place. i had run-ins with them periodically
over the years ... one involved some of the higher end stuff i was doing
in hsdt project
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
this mentions some of the internet stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
but also refers to some higher speed stuff with rfc1044 and doing some
tuning tests at cray research (although the 4341-clone could hardly be
considered high performance box (minor example of offending the
official group) ... but i did optimize the bytes moved per instruction
executed). some past posts mentioning rfc1044
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#1044
also my ietf rfc index
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcietff.htm
rfc 1044 summary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/rfcidx3.htm#1044
... and as always, clicking on the ".txt=nnn" field in the summary retrieves the actual rfc.
also this references (nearly 20yrs earlier than date of the
post) trying to pack 96 of the first 32bit 801 chips into a rack, turns
out the chip never did get completely debugged. however, one of the
biggest problems was massive cooling (or heat) problem (depending on
how you look at it).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004m.html#17 mainframe and microprocessor
misc. old email related to 801, iliad, romp, rios, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#801
in any case, the "offical group" was "sponsored" by a senior corporate executive that retired fall '91. there was then reviews of some number of projects ... in some cases, the results weren't pretty ... just say that then there was an effort to scour the corporation for some technology (under the guise of a corporate advanced technology symposium) for the group to take-over. We advised everybody we knew not to participate ... but some did anyway.
as it turns out, it probably wouldn't have made a lot of difference in the long run. we were also being invited into some number of high profile commercial accounts ... and various traditional commerical mainframe interests were complaining. there were even accusations that we were violating all sorts of corporate rules in some way or another ... fortunately we had paper trail to show that we followed all the corporate rules.
one of the customers that we did everything according to the book was
SIAC (since been absorbed, responsible for the NYSE dataprocessing)
... but there were still accusations that we had violated corporate
practices. if there has been any perception about activity like
spreading FUD, it wasn't limited to external activity. old post
where somebody has some quotes from fergus&morris book about
what happened to corporate culture after failure of FS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#33
a slight topic drift in these recent posts mentioning business
ethics is an oxymoron
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#47 U.S. begins inquiry of IBM in mainframe market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#52 Revisiting CHARACTER and BUSINESS ETHICS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#57 U.S. begins inquiry of IBM in mainframe market
so we didn't stay around long after we were told that we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors.
for some drift & thread between cluster scale-up and electronic
commerce in this meeting early jan92 in ellison's conference room
discussing 128-way by ye92 (as applied to commercial dbms as opposed
to scientific and numerical intensive) ...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
two of the other people mentioned in the post, later left their positions and show up at a small client/server startup responsible for something called the commerce server (initially a multi-store "mall-like" paradigm built using oracle ... funded by large telco; later, greatly simplified, single store implementation was offered). we got invited to consult because they wanted to do payment transactions on their server (the startup had also invented some technology called "SSL" ... and the results is now frequently called electronic commerce).
part of that effort involved doing something called the payment
gateway which sat on the internet and handled payment transactions
between electronic commerce webservers and the payment
infrastructure. we had a bunch of high availability stuff built into
the payment gateway ... as well as a bunch of compensating process
for the vagaries of the internet infrastructure.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#gateway
somewhat as a result of having worked on this stuff called "electronic
commerce", in the mid-90s we were asked to participate in the x9a10
financial standard working group, which had been given the
reqauirement to preserve the integrity of the financial infrastructure
for all retail payments. the result was the x9.59 financial standard
transaction protcol ... reference
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959
and various past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#x959
bunch of patents related to above ... all the patents are assigned
... and haven't been involved at all since my position there was
eliminated dec2005 ... but there continues to be patent activity(??)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadssummary.htm
somewhat because of having done the "electronic commerce" stuff and the x9.59 financial transaction protocol ... in the late 90s we got invited in to look at doing something similar for trading protocols at NSCC (since merged with DTC to be DTCC) ... slightly related to the earlier SIAC stuff. Part way thru, the effort got suspended, apparently because a side effort of significantly increasing the security .... would also have had the side-effect of significantly improving transparency and visability. The issue appeared to be that visibility and transparency was not part of the fundamental trading culture.
now one of the issues highlighted in the madoff ponzi congressional
hearings by the person that had been trying unsuccessfully for a
decade to try and get the SEC to do something about Madoff, was that
the fundamental problem is lack of transparency and visibility in
trades. misc. recent refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#35 The recently revealed excesses of John Thain, the former CEO of Merrill Lynch, while the firm was receiving $25 Billion in TARP funds makes me sick
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#65 What can agencies such as the SEC do to insure us that something like Madoff's Ponzi scheme will never happen again?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#80 How to defeat new telemarketing tactic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009c.html#1 Audit II: Two more scary words: Sarbanes-Oxley
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#47 Bernard Madoff Is Jailed After Pleading Guilty -- are there more "Madoff's" out there?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#15 The background reasons of Credit Crunch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#36 Architectural Diversity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#53 Are the "brightest minds in finance" finally onto something?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#45 Artificial Intelligence to tackle rogue traders
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#67 Just posted third article about toxic assets in a series on the current financial crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#29 Transparency and Visibility
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#23 Why are z/OS people reluctant to use z/OS UNIX? (Are settlements a good argument for overnight batch COBOL ?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009i.html#60 In the USA "financial regulator seeks power to curb excess speculation."
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: MasPar compiler and simulator Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Thu, 05 Nov 2009 22:43:15 -0500Del Cecchi <delcecchinospamofthenorth@gmail.com> writes:
i don't remember company ever spending any money on cray ... however lots on steve. steve shows up later as CTO of Sequent ... and we did a little consulting for him ... including some that involved a little look at Itanium. I don't remember Steve sticking around after Sequent was bought.
... slightly related ... the executive that we reported to when we were doing ha/cmp ... later left and shows up as president of MIPs (was already owned by SGI). We would go by and visit ... he even let me "have" the personal Indy that each executive got ... under the guise of configuring it for him (I had to finally give it back when he left).
SGI later buys Cray.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: MasPar compiler and simulator Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Thu, 05 Nov 2009 23:44:13 -0500Robert Myers <rbmyersusa@gmail.com> writes:
that showed up even more in the dept. of commerce meetings over hdtv ... it included apparently constantly fiddling the standard ... the theory was if foreign company(s) won the hdtv market ... that would be significantly larger higher performance chip funding than the measely personal computer market.
early in hsdt project
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
there was some hardware being built on the other side of the pacific.
the friday before i was to leave on trip there ... somebody in the
company sent out an announcement for a new discussion group on
high speed networking ... with the following definitions
low-speed <9.6kbits
medium-speed 19.2kbits
high-speed 56kbits
very high-speed 1.5mbits
the following monday on the wall of a conference room in the far east:
low-speed <20mbits
medium-speed 100mbits
high-speed 200-300mbits
very high-speed >600mbits
i was also paying an arm and leg for T1 modems ... i came back from that
trip with comment that i could get enormously better technology from a
$300 cdrom player than i was getting for the 20* some amount i was
paying T1 modems (and if i was going to move into optical drivers
... why couldn't i use cdrom parts). on that trip, i also got my first
look at surface mount ... including line where it looked like the
chips were being sprayed on the boards as they passed down the line.
more recently, some of that came up in IDF conference where i was on a panel in the trusted computing track with one of the guys. I had some number of years earlier made the crack that i would take a $500 milspec part, aggresively cost-reduce it by 2-3 orders of magnitude while improving the security. The comment back was that might be true except for some stuff about radiation hardening.
The guy running TPM project at trusted computing was in the front row ... and I also quiped that it was nice to see that TPM over the past couple years had started to look more and more like my chip (which could effectively do nearly all the TPM objectives ... w/o having been designed for TPM). His quip back was that I hadn't had a committee of 200 people helping me with the design.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: MasPar compiler and simulator Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Fri, 06 Nov 2009 10:30:32 -0500Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
i had sponsored boyd's briefings at ibm in the 80s. some past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html#boyd
for some corporate connection ... one of boyd's biographies mentions he
did a yrs tour in 1970 running "spook base", a $2.5B windfall for IBM
... however even that wouldn't have been enuf to cover what was lost
in FS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
boyd was later credited with battle plan for desert storm ... and there
was us news&report article on him titled "the fight to change how
america fights" (6May1991) ... also mentioned latest crop of majors and cols. as
boyd's jedi knights. more recently there was a comment that major
problem in the current conflicts is that boyd had died in 1997. misc.
URLs from around the web mentioning Boyd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html#boyd2
and one of my favorites:
"There are two career paths in front of you, and you have to choose
which path you will follow. One path leads to promotions, titles, and
positions of distinction.... The other path leads to doing things that
are truly significant for the Air Force, but the rewards will quite
often be a kick in the stomach because you may have to cross swords
with the party line on occasion. You can't go down both paths, you
have to choose. Do you want to be a man of distinction or do you want
to do things that really influence the shape of the Air Force? To be
or to do, that is the question." Colonel John R. Boyd, USAF 1927-1997
... snip ...
From the dedication of Boyd Hall, United States Air Force Weapons School, Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada. 17 September 1999
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Need the Name of a "Don Lancaster" type person... Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 07 Nov 2009 18:38:38 -0500Charles Richmond <frizzle@tx.rr.com> writes:
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Need the Name of a "Don Lancaster" type person... Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 08 Nov 2009 11:46:19 -0500Charles Richmond <frizzle@tx.rr.com> writes:
in the early 80s, my brother was regional apple rep. (claimed it was the largest sized region in conus). when he came to town ... i would frequently get to go to business dinners with him ... and get into animated discussion with some of the other people around the table; including arguments about design of unannounced machines ... like the MAC.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Little bit OT IBM & Air NZ outage report to stay Top Secret Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: Mon, 09 Nov 2009 15:22:04 -0500Peter_Big_Iron <pwoodbury1@comcast.net> writes:
part of that included PDU (power distribution units ... for large datacenters handled power switch-over from public power to various power sources ... like battery pending diesel generator being brought online).
one corporate plant site had paid something like $5m for a diesel generator power backup system. now places like hospitals have procedures like running on emergency power at least an hour or two a month as part of verifying that it actually works when needed. in the five yrs that the diesel generator was in place ... nobody at the plant site ever thought to periodic test it. so what do you think happens when there is actually a power outage and the emergency power is required?
once did a tour of large mainframe datacenter (they claimed turning over a billion dollars in ibm mainframes every 18months ... to keep up with the business). they weren't satisified with the PDUs that they could get ... so they hired two engineering companies to work with the PDU vendor to redesign to their requirements. Last I heared was that the PDU vendor had sold over 1200 of the redesigned units just in the DC beltway area.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Failing The Sniff Test: Researchers Find New Way To Spot Fraud Date: 9 Nov, 2009 Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and SecurityFailing The Sniff Test: Researchers Find New Way To Spot Fraud
At 2004 EU conference of financial institution CEOs ... i claimed that SOX audit of corporate financial reports weren't going to catch fraud w/o independent verification (just looking at provided reports would catch mistakes ... but serious fraud would make sure all the numbers would pass traditional audit).
old posts mentioning sox:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006h.html#33 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006h.html#58 Sarbanes-Oxley
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006i.html#1 Sarbanes-Oxley
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#28 Password Complexity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#35 the personal data theft pandemic continues
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#22 AOS: The next big thing in data storage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007b.html#63 Is Silicon Valley strangeled by SOX?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#0 John W. Backus, 82, Fortran developer, dies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#74 IBM Unionization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#75 IBM Unionization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#0 The Unexpected Fact about the First Computer Programmer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007r.html#61 The new urgency to fix online privacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#71 As Expected, Ford Falls From 2nd Place in U.S. Sales
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#78 As Expected, Ford Falls From 2nd Place in U.S. Sales
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#17 Hannaford breach illustrates dangerous compliance mentality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#0 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#2 Blinkylights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#72 Why was Sarbanes-Oxley not good enough to sent alarms to the regulators about the situation arising today?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#74 Why can't we analyze the risks involved in mortgage-backed securities?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#80 Why did Sox not prevent this financal crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#26 SOX (Sarbanes-Oxley Act), is this really followed and worthful considering current Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#38 The human plague
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#68 Blinkenlights
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#71 Why is sub-prime crisis of America called the sub-prime crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#75 In light of the recent financial crisis, did Sarbanes-Oxley fail to work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#8 Global Melt Down
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#19 Collateralized debt obligations (CDOs)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#58 Obama, ACORN, subprimes (Re: Spiders)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#8 Top financial firms of US are eyeing on bailout. It implies to me that their "Risk Management Department's" assessment was way below expectations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#9 Blind-sided, again. Why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#20 Five great technological revolutions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#24 Garbage in, garbage out trampled by Moore's law
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#28 Garbage in, garbage out trampled by Moore's law
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008s.html#30 How reliable are the credit rating companies? Who is over seeing them?
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Date: Mon, 09 Nov 2009 22:01:06 -0500 Subject: Re: Crypto dongles to secure online transactions MailingList: cryptograpyOn 11/08/2009 02:07 AM, John wrote:
note that the EU finread standard from late 90s (over decade ago) was countermeasure to most every kind of PC compromise that you can think of. Basically it moved the end point out to independent hardware device with its own display and pin-pad. The transaction was still composed on the PC ... but had to be sent to the hardware finread device for approval/authentication. transaction to be approved/executed would be displayed on finread device for approval. It then required physical PIN entry to execute the approval process ... typically assumed to be a digital signature ... which was returned to the PC.
compromised PC could still do a denial of service ... but the independent finread device effectively moved the end-point from the PC out to the finread. the independent display & pin-pad ... was countermeasures to various kinds of exploits ... including
• keylogging ... trojan horse or other could execute transactions w/o users actual knowledge
• is the transaction that the user sees the actual transaction being executed
bad design might have used the finread for session authentication in lieu of separately authentication/approval for every transaction (which would allow trojans on compromised pcs to execute fraudulent transactions within the boundaries of the session.
infrastructure would still be vulnerable to various kinds of social engineering ... convincing end-user to execute valid transactions for the benefit of the attacker.
There was some conjecture (again more than decade ago) that if finread deployment eliminated all the other kinds of compromises ... that user education programs could purely concentrate on social engineering exploits (sort of like the stuff for little kids to have nothing to do with strangers).
EU finread program got caught up in the disastrous deployment of serial-port card acceptor device at the start of the decade (many versions had the appearance of card acceptor device with its own independent display and pin-pad ... slightly akin to small POS terminals that might appear at point-of-sale). The disastrous serial-port acceptor device deployment resulted in rapidly spreading opinion in the financial industry that smartcards and card readers weren't practical in the consumer market ... resulting in nearly all such programs quickly evaporating w/o hardly a trace.
As i've mentioned before ... it wasn't actually a problem with smartcards and/or card readers .... but with the serial-port interface. In the 1995 time-frame there were a number of presentations about moving the dial-up home banking programs to the internet ... in large part motivated by the significant customer support costs associated with supporting serial-port modems (one such bank program claimed to have a library of over 60 serial port modem software drivers to try and cover some reasonable set of their customers. Problems with the whole serial-port gorp was also big motivator behind development of USB.
In any case, i've commented before about the financial industry institutional knowledge and experience apparently rapidly evaporated between the migration of dial-up home banking (migration to the internet) and 2000. A partial/possible explanation might be that the vendor, knowing that everything was moving to USB, saw a really great chance to unload their stock of obsolete serial-port devices on a client that didn't really know what they were doing.
lots of past EU finread standard posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#finread
random trivia ... i was at an eu finread standard meeting in brussels not long before the whole thing with serial-port resulted in all such programs imploding (even those not using serial-port ... radiation from the event seemed to catch everything)
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: New postal bar code? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 09 Nov 2009 22:15:00 -0500Dave Garland <dave.garland@wizinfo.com> writes:
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook'. Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Mon, 09 Nov 2009 22:22:12 -0500Morten Reistad <first@last.name> writes:
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: US retailers face $100bn in ID fraud losses a year - study Date: 9 Nov, 2009 Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and SecurityUS retailers face $100bn in ID fraud losses a year - study
from above:
US retailers rack up around $100 billion in identity fraud losses
every year, absorbing nearly 10 times the cost incurred by financial
institutions, according to a study from LexisNexis and Javelin
Strategy & Research
... snip ...
this is over & above the fraud-proportional part of interchange fee.
part of the problem with eliminating this kind of fraud (for financial institutions) is that it would likely shift the crooks to kind of identity theft involved in opening new accounts .... as opposed to the "account fraud" form of identity theft (doing fraudulent transactions against existing accounts)
misc. recent posts mentioning account fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#57 LexisNexis says its data was used by fraudsters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#69 How practically risky is it to use unsecured IMAP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009j.html#13 PCI SSC Seeks Input on Security Standards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009k.html#77 Cyber attackers empty business accounts in minutes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#5 Internal fraud isn't new, but it's news
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#37 Firms failing to treat card data security seriously
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#71 Sophisticated cybercrooks cracking bank security efforts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#50 WSJ.com The Fallacy of Identity Theft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#17 U.K. lags in information security management practices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#27 FBI: National data-breach law would help fight cybercrime
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook'. Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 10 Nov 2009 11:52:58 -0500Peter Flass <Peter_Flass@Yahoo.com> writes:
she actually had long explanation of supporting information that led them to concluding the date for onset of hostilities ... and for scheduling return on ship departing the day before (although i guess much of it involved having in-depth study of the country, events and culture).
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: My War On SQL Date: 10 Nov, 2009 Blog: Financial CryptographyMy War On SQL
...
There was an article around mid-90s about how rdbms & sql set the computing business back (at least) 20 yrs.
disclaimer: i was in sjr in 70s & 80s as well as handling some of the
technaology transfer to endicott for sql/ds ... misc. past post
mentioning original rdbms/sql
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
this is old post about jan92 meeting in ellison's conference room
... one of the people mentioned claimed to have done much of the
technology transfer from endicott back to stl for (mainframe) db2.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
as an aside, two other people also named at the same meeting ... later left and show up at small client/server startup responsible for something called commerce server (the startup had also invented this technology called "SSL" they wanted to use). We were brought to consult because they wanted us to do payment transactions ... the result is now frequently referred to as "electronic commerce"
during those early years of electronic commerce, RDBMS based webserver tended to have a significantly larger number of problems ... use of rdbms significantly increased the skill level and effort and the added complexity significantly increased the probability of mistakes, security vulnerabilities ... you name it ... it was always much worse.
i do some playing with sqlite3 because it is used by mozilla ... and i do a whole bunch of processing with firefox file (outside of firefox and backup information in various non-relational formats)
for the fun of it:
Developers: The NoSQL Ecosystem
http://developers.slashdot.org/story/09/11/09/2335214/The-NoSQL-Ecosystem
and
NoSQL Ecosystem
http://www.rackspacecloud.com/blog/2009/11/09/nosql-ecosystem/
for something completely different ... old post in
comp.database.theory on 3value logic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html# How to cope with missing values - NULLS?
now their is something over dispute between rdbms and xml
database. original markup language, GML was invented at the science
center in 1969 (precursor to sgml, html, xml, etc). GML (generalized
markup language) actually stands for the first letters of last names
of the inventors. science center was also responsible for early
virtual machine systems (cp40, cp67, vm370 ... gml original ran on cms
under cp67). misc. past posts mentioning science center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
some number of people transferred from science center to sjr ... where the original rdbms/sql implementation went on under vm370 ("L" from gml did some amount of work on "blobs" in r-star time-frame).
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Blast from the Past: 40 years of Multics, 1969-2009 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Tue, 10 Nov 2009 22:49:04 -0500Blast from the Past: 40 years of Multics, 1969-2009
from above:
At MIT we had already built CTSS (The Compatible Time-Sharing System) as a demonstration system. It was out of this environment that Project Mac was formed at MIT with the vision of exploring and enhancing interactive computing.
... snip ...
some number of people from CTSS went to multics on the 5th flr of 545
tech sq. ... others went to the science center on 4th flr of 545 tech
sq. ... misc. past posts mentioning sci center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
multics web pages
https://www.multicians.org/multics.html
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Date: Wed, 11 Nov 2009 11:08:39 -0500 Subject: Re: Crypto dongles to secure online transactions MailingList: cryptograpyOn 11/10/2009 09:44 AM, Jerry wrote:
vulnerabilities tend to be proportional to complexity.
we had been asked in to consult with small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on their server ... they had also invented this technology called "SSL" applied to the process. The result is frequently called "electronic commerce". The major use/purpose of that "SSL" in the world today is hiding the account number and other transaction details.
somewhat as a result, in the mid-90s we were invited to to participate
in the x9a10 financial standard working group which had been given the
requirement to preserve the integrity of the financial infrastructure
for all retail payments. Part of that was detailed
threat&vulnerability studies of different payment methods and
environments. One of the biggest problems was vulnerability of leaking
account number ... since it was trivial for crooks to use it for
originating fraudulent transactions ... and at the same time required
by millions of business processes around the world. So part of the
resulting standard was slightly tweaking the paradigm and eliminating
the account number (and transaction details) as a vulnerability (which
then also eliminates the major use of SSL in the world today).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959
along the way, i also made semi-facetious comment that i would take a $500 milspec item and aggressively cost reduce it by 2-3 orders of magnitude while making it more secure. Part of the effort effectively worked out getting it close to the EPC RFID technology process (items targeted at replacing UPC barcodes on grocery items at a few cents or less) w/o reducing security.
Basically it is all silicon ... which not only reduces a lot of
after-FAB vulnerabilities ... but also eliminates the costs of a lot
of the post-FAB processing steps (as silicon cost goes to zero,
post-FAB processing costs started to dominate).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#aads
Along with it is the concept of security proportional to risk ... at the issuing authorization end of a transaction ... the security characteristics of the originating components can be evaluated ... in the case of the chip ... the security level of the chip can even be updated in real time as vulnerabilities are identified. This can help decide like a when a few cent item might be needed to be replaced for higher value transactions
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The computer virus turns 26 today Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 11 Nov 2009 15:02:03 -0500from yesterday ...
The computer virus turns 26 today
http://www.techspot.com/news/36893-the-computer-virus-turns-26-today.html
except the x-mas thing was on bitnet almost exactly a year
earlier. misc. past refs:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005b.html#20 [Lit.] Buffer overruns
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#60 Greatest Software?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#76 Rotary phones
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008b.html#27 Re-hosting IMB-MAIN
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#26 CA ESD files Options
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#29 What if the computers went back to the '70s too?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#18 Top 10 Cybersecurity Threats for 2009, will they cause creation of highly-secure Corporate-wide Intranets?
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The 50th Anniversary of the Legendary IBM 1401 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 11 Nov 2009 15:49:17 -0500The 50th Anniversary of the Legendary IBM 1401
was last night at computer history museum.
i'd come in to the bay area for the first time in couple years (for conference in santa cruz over last weekend) and stayed around in monterey bay area. considered going last night, but couldn't quite get the motivation up for driving back over the hill last night for the event.
when i was undergraduate at the univ., they had a 709 with 1401 doing tape<->unit-record front-end (for the 709 which would just run tape-to-tape). in process of moving from 709 to 360/67 (anticipating running tss/360) ... the 1401 was replaced with 360/30. Although the 360/30 had 1401 hardware emulation mode ... i was hired to write a 360 assembler program performing the 709 front-end function. I got to design/implement my own monitor, storage management, interrupt handlers, device drivers, recovery, etc. I got to touch the 1401 a few times ... and ran the 1401 "MPIO" application on 360/30 quite a large number of times (in took me a couple months to get my 360 replacement working ... and verify it did the same thing that the original was doing)
recent posts mentioning the MPIO port effort:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#18 Magnetic tape storage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#19 Magnetic tape storage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009b.html#71 IBM tried to kill VM?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#55 1401's in high schools?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#67 Architectural Diversity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#19 greenbar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#12 IBM Mainframe: 50 Years of Big Iron Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#41 Book on Poughkeepsie
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#52 IBM 1401
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#56 Punched Card Combinations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009m.html#38 33 Years In IT/Security/Audit
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What's old is new again Date: 11 Nov, 2009 Blog: Financial Crime Risk, Fraud and SecurityWhat's old is new again
from above:
Today, criminals are using amped-up techniques to tap into a perpetual
cycle of fraud and identity theft, reports Deb Radcliff. Back in
computing's early days, security expert Winn Schwartau took a lot of
flack for his warnings of a "digital Pearl Harbor," even as he lived
out his predictions.
... snip ...
from yesterday in cryptography mailing list ... somebody had post about talking to somebody from BITS a couple weeks ago that the trojans & virus have gotten so sophisticated in the EU, that they are looking at introducing a new external device for doing financial transactions (effectively it is impossible for banking security software to deal with this level of sophisticated pc compromises).
all the compromises addressed and the techniques used to address them sounds right out of late 90s EU finread standard (although possibly taking advantage of ten yr newer hardware .... but the threat/vulnerability descriptions haven't changed and the countermeasure requirements haven't changed at all in the ten yrs).
deja vu 1999 response ...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#65 Crypto dongles to secure online transactions
past posts mentioning EU finread standard
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#finread
more fun in the crypto mailing list:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#72 Crypto dongles to secure online transactions
somewhat related to above:
End-to-end encryption is the key to protecting data and reputations
http://news.zdnet.com/2100-9595_22-363861.html
from above:
PCI DSS is a set of requirements developed by the card issuers to
safeguard cardholder data security throughout its lifecycle, while it
is stored, processed or transmitted. Organizations that work with the
card schemes are obliged to undergo annual verification of their
compliance with PCI DSS each year by qualified assessors.
... snip ...
As mentioned in the crypto mailing list posts ... somewhat because of having done the work for "electronic commerce", in the mid-90s we were invited to participate in the x9a10 financial standard working group which had been given the requirement to preserve the integrity of the financial infrastructure for all retail payments. Part of that effort looked at end-to-end (i.e. from point that the transaction originates to the consumer financial institution) threat & vulnerability studies of the various payment methods and environments.
Part of the issue was the conflicting requirements placed on the
account number and other payment transaction data .... both needing to
be kept confidential and at no point (in the infrastructure) divulged
... and at the same time required for standard business processing at
millions of places around the world. Realizing that true end-to-end
(from origination to consumer's financial institution) was impossible
(i.e. account number and transaction details at no point are ever
divulged) .... the resulting x9.59 financial transaction standard,
instead, slightly tweaked the paradigm, eliminating (leaking or
divulging) the account number and transaction details as
vulnerability.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#x959
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The 50th Anniversary of the Legendary IBM 1401 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 11 Nov 2009 17:40:45 -0500"Joe Morris" <j.c.morris@verizon.net> writes:
lincoln labs wrote "LLMPS" which was a small 360 multi-tasking monitor supporting mostly unit record and tape functions (a little like souped up DEBE). It was a SHARE contribution ... and somewhere in boxes i've had the manual (I've also done some work with the authors since lincoln was also an early cp67 installation).
old post with bits from the (share library) llmps manual
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#0 TSS ancient history, was X86 ultimate CISC? designs)
the folklore is that Univ of Mich started off with LLMPS as the core/basis for implementing MTS (michigan terminal system).
misc other past posts mentioning LLMPS:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/93.html#15 unit record & other controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/93.html#23 MTS & LLMPS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/93.html#25 MTS & LLMPS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/93.html#26 MTS & LLMPS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#15 S/360 operating systems geneaology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#89 Ux's good points.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001m.html#55 TSS/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#45 Valid reference on lunar mission data being unreadable?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#89 TSS/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#54 SHARE MVT Project anniversary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#64 PLX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003f.html#41 SLAC 370 Pascal compiler found
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004d.html#31 someone looking to donate IBM magazines and stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004l.html#16 Xah Lee's Unixism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#20 RISCs too close to hardware?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005g.html#56 Software for IBM 360/30
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#41 PDP-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#42 Why Didn't The Cent Sign or the Exclamation Mark Print?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#54 new 40+ yr old, disruptive technology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#18 Folklore references to CP67 at Lincoln Labs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#23 T3 Sues IBM To Break its Mainframe Monopoly
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#85 IBM Floating-point myths
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: The 50th Anniversary of the Legendary IBM 1401 Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Wed, 11 Nov 2009 18:57:11 -0500re:
my program ended up about 2000 cards (almost exactly box of cards) with comments and "conditionals". I started out doing stand-alone version with all my own hardware support ... but then added conditionals that did version that ran under os/360 on the (64kbyte) 360/30. The "stand-alone" version took almost 30mins to assemble (under os/360) ... but the os/360 version took closer to an hour (elapsed time) to assemble.
the difference was that the os/360 version had five DCBs which would take nearly six minutes each to assemble (could tell from the 360/30 front panel lights when the assembler had hit the DCB macros ... had its own distinctive pattern).
in any case, because assembly took so long, i got proficient patching the assembled/"TXT" cards ... finding the card that corresponded to the code to be patched ... feeding it into card punch machine ... duplicating columns until got to the columns needing changing ... and then "multi-punching" the changes into the specific columns ... and then finishing duplicating the remainder of the card.
i got proficient at reading "hex" paper dumps ... recognizing instruction and data hex values ... but also got proficient reading hex punch card patterns ... being able to fan TXT deck looking for card with the hex (displacement) address containing fields/columns to be patched.
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 12 Nov 2009 14:30:32 -0500Morten Reistad <first@last.name> writes:
same time as doing ha/cmp ... i was on XTP technical advisery board. There were some participants in XTP that had somewhat stringent requirements. An example was using XTP for command&control, integrated weapons systems, etc ... on large warships; assumption was that unless completely destroyed ... things would continue to operate (at some level of proficiency) even with repeated/lots of damage as well as potentially high radiation enviornment (something similar for warplanes). things way beyond single point of failure (supporting whatever level of redundancy available).
misc. past posts mentioning doing ibm's ha/cmp product
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
a little ha/cmp x-over from recent posts in comp.arch
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#55 MasPar compiler and simulator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#56 MasPar compiler and simulator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#57 MasPar compiler and simulator
llnl use to have webpages for xtp ... but seem to have gone 404 ...
some past posts that may mention xtp
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: big iron mainframe vs. x86 servers Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 12 Nov 2009 15:23:53 -0500re:
oh ... and little earlier in hsdt project
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
we worked with company that did a lot of FEC work, reed-solomon & viterbi ... also had somebody on the project that had been one of reed's grad. students working on the technology (had earlier been undergrad at MIT and would claim one of his favorite courses was one he took from Anne's father)
one scenario would normally operate at 15/16s reed-solomon ... but on NAK (or time-out) send 1/2 rate viterbi ... in lieu of the original packet. in extremely hostile environment switch to sending 1/2 rate viterbi with the original (all of which would also have 15/16s reed-solomon)
misc. past posts mentioning viterbi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/93.html#28 Log Structured filesystems -- think twice
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/99.html#210 AES cyphers leak information like sieves
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#1 4M pages are a bad idea (was Re: AMD 64bit Hammer CPU and VM)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001k.html#71 Encryption + Error Correction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002e.html#53 Mainframers: Take back the light (spotlight, that is)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#53 Free Desktop Cyber emulation on PC before Christmas
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004f.html#37 Why doesn't Infiniband supports RDMA multicast
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005n.html#27 Data communications over telegraph circuits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005r.html#52 Go-Back-N protocol?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#82 folklore indeed
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: IBM driving mainframe systems programmers into the ground Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 12 Nov 2009 19:35:49 -0500ps2os2@YAHOO.COM (Ed Gould) writes:
there had actually been a proposal for the 43xx percusor (138/148) to effectively make vm370 appear as part of the hardware (somewhat analogous to current day LPAR support) ... but it was vetoed by corporate hdqtrs ... since corporate was going thru one of those phases to kill off vm370 completely. of course this was just following the future system project being canceled and their was mad rush to repopulate 370 product pipeline ... XA & MVS/XA was going to take yrs yrs starting from scratch ... in fact MVS/XA had successfully made the argument to corporate that it was necessary to shutdown the vm370 development group and move all the people to POK in order to be able to make MVS/XA first-customer-ship schedule.
Endicott eventually managed to save the vm370 product mission ... but they effectively had to recreate the vm370 product group from scratch.
In any case, starting in the mid-80s ... hardware and operating systems were starting to become commodities ... and apps & data were starting to leak off the mainframe ... and MVS ... which had viewed the enormous staff & skill level for support ... as a positive attribute ... was starting to view it as a non-competitive cost-of-ownership issue.
at the time, i bucked quite a bit of the conventional corporate wisdom ... by pointing out that hardware and operating systems were becoming commoditized (and what happens to profit margins as that happens).
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: IBM driving mainframe systems programmers into the ground Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main,alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 13 Nov 2009 12:50:55 -0500jchase@USSCO.COM (Chase, John) writes:
also, the corollary to "telecommuting" ... is "distance insensitive"
i've been blamed for online computer conferencing on the internal
network in the late 70s and early 80s. misc. past posts mentioning
internal network (larger arpanet/internet from just about the beginning
until possible late '85 or early '86)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: What would be a truly relational operating system ? Newsgroups: comp.databases.theory Date: Fri, 13 Nov 2009 18:39:03 -0500paul c <toledobythesea@oohay.ac> writes:
Amdahl gave a talk in large MIT auditorium in the early 70s about leaving ibm and starting his own clone processor company. he was asked what justification he used with investors regarding his company. he replied that ibm mainframe customers had already invested $200B in developing mainframe software ... and even if ibm were to completely walk away from 360 (which might be construed as veiled reference to future system project), that would be enough software to keep him in business through the end of the century.
it has been claimed that the pre-occupation with future system (going to completely replacing 360/370) allowed the 370 product pipeline to go dray. with the demise of the future system effort, there was mad rush to get products back into the 370 hardware and software pipeline. However, the lack of 370 products is claimed to have contributed to allowing clone processors (like Amdahl's) to gain a foothold in the market.
I've also claimed that big motivation for John doing 801/risc was to go
in the opposite extreme from what was going on with future system. lots
of past posts mentioning 801, risc, iliad, romp, rios, power, power/pc,
etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
this is old email mentioning the mip lisp machine group trying to get
801/risc chips
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003e.html#email790711
for other drift ... this talks about shootout between QBE & system/r
http://www.mcjones.org/System_R/SQL_Reunion_95/sqlr95-Shoot-ou.html
original relational/sql was done on vm370 ... and compare&swap was part of the 370 instruction set. The discussion regarding compare&swap (in the above) strayed a bit (& got the details wrong).
charlie had invented compare&swap instruction doing parallel, fine-grain
multiprocessor locking work on cp67 (360/67 virtual machine precursor to
vm370) at the science center ... misc. past posts mentioning the science
center (note compare&swap name was chosen because CAS are charlie's
initials)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
initial attempts to get compare&swap into 370 architecture were
rebuffed. the favorite son operating system claiming that test&set
instruction was more than adequate for multiprocessor operation. the
challenge was that to get compare&swap instruction into 370
architecture, a non-multiprocessor specific use needed to be
created. Thus was born the example use for application use ... still
included in current principles of operation.
http://publibz.boulder.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr_OS390/BOOKS/dz9zr003/A.6?DT=20040504121320
since then many hardware architectures have implemented comapre&swap (or
very similar instructions) and have been widely adapted by multithreaded
applications (including most DBMS implementations) ... regardless of
whether running in single processor or multiprocessor environment. misc
past posts mentioning multiprocessor work and/or compare&swap
instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
misc. past posts mentioning original relational/sql implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: What would be a truly relational operating system ? Newsgroups: comp.databases.theory Date: Fri, 13 Nov 2009 19:48:26 -0500paul c <toledobythesea@oohay.ac> writes:
i handled some amount of the tech transfer from sjr (system/r) to endicott for sql/ds
one of the people listed as being at jan92 meeting in ellison's
conference room ... mentioned here
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
claimed to have handled the tech transfer from endicott back to STL for
(mainframe) DB2. There are two different DB2s ... the original mainframe
DB2 and the one running on other platforms. this is thread discussing
some recent news item about the non-mainframe DB2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#43 From The Annals of Release No Sfotware Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Sfotware Before Its Time
the non-mainframe DB2 started out as RDBMS for OS2 ... it took quite a
bit of work to get much further than that.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#35 DB2 announces technology that trumps Oracle RAC and Exadata
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Anyone going to Supercomputers '09 in Portland? Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Sat, 14 Nov 2009 12:42:48 -0500"Del Cecchi" <delcecchiofthenorth@gmail.com> writes:
I got to dialin/access directly ... some old photos of one of my
home offices (over the years), cdi minitterm, fiche viewer, corporate
phone (at home)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/lhwemail.html#oldpict
a lot of this was easy in the bay area ... sjr, disk division, stl (database and language development), pa science center, consolidate us hone datacenter, lots of customers, tymshare, monthly user group meetings at SLAC. I was allowed to visit and/or help at around the area. Periodically there was joke about four shift workweek, 1st shift in sjr, 2nd shift getting to play disk engineer in bldgs 14&15, 3rd shift in stl, and 4th shift/weekends at hone.
I also made a deal with tymshare to get monthly tape dump of all files.
I put them up on sjr vm system and HONE system ... and also offered
other locations on the internal network the monthly updates. in the
process of deploying other places internally ... somebody asked me what
made me think that I could convince HONE to host a copy of the VMSHARE
files (HONE was world-wide sales & marketing support applications hosts
on virtual machine systems ... originally cp67 and then migrated to
vm370). I reminded them that one of my hobbies for nearly the whole
time HONE had been in existance was building and supporting highly
enhanced virtual machine systems for hone (in the early days of
propagating hone clones around the world ... i even did some of the
installas personally). misc. past posts mentioning hone
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
the bigger problem i had was dealing with lawyers who raised issues like if allowing internal corporate employees to read what customers were writing, might corrupt the employees.
i also got blamed for computer conferencing on the internal network
during this period. corporate hdqtrs eventually did investigation and
somewhat outcome of that was TOOLSRUN EXEC and officially sanctioned
computer conferencing (with moderators that would terminate unauthorized
discussions). site could set up toolsrun and host specific discussion
groups. ytk setup early IBMVM (& VMTOOLS) and then later IBMPC (&
pctools). it was possible for individuals to subscribe to toolsrun
... effectively mailing list (listserv-like) mode. it was also possible
for other sites to setup toolsrun and operate their own discussion
groups. it was also possible to configure toolsrun for distributed
operation (i.e. much more like usenet with local copies). (at least)
endicott set up VMPERF (for vm performance) and raleigh setup IBMCOMM
(communication). The "high-speed" (56kbit) networking discussion
announcement mentioned in this recent post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#59 MasPar compiler and simulator
was IBMCOMM.
listserv (mailing list subset of toolsrun)
The History of LISTSERV
was later done on bitnet(/earn)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
sjr did put in the original corporate gateway to csnet ... announcement
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/internet.htm#email821022
in this post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/internet.htm#0
later awd (workstation divison) in austin had its own usenet feed.
after leaving in '92, i did a gig for a usenet satellite feed, writing drivers for their modem ... for windows, dos, and a couple unixes ... and co-authored article that appeared in boardwatch (BBS) magazine ... so got a "free" (full) usenet satellite feed to my house (downlink only ... when i posted, i had to do have telephone connection).
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Anyone going to Supercomputers '09 in Portland? Newsgroups: comp.arch Date: Sun, 15 Nov 2009 11:16:02 -0500"Del Cecchi" <delcecchiofthenorth@gmail.com> writes:
fiber optic technology had been knocking around in POK since late 70s. one of the austin engineers took the technology, tweaked it, much cheaper drivers ... and it was part of the RS6000 product as "SLA" (serial link adapter ... similar, faster, cheaper, but incompatible with the POK mainframe ESCON).
chips were done by rochester. in an attempt to get SLA more acceptable, we talked a router vendor into adding SLA support. Then we had to talk Rochester into supplying the chips to the outside vendor. Rochester would do an inter-plant "transfer" the chips to Austin ... at 300% markup ... and then Austin would "transfer" the chips to the vendor at 300% markup ... total 900% markup ... for a vendor that was doing us a favor.
I had been doing various stuff on & off over the yrs with LLNL ... which were driving force behind FCS standard. When the SLA engineer wanted to start work on an 800-mbit version ... spent something like six months convincing him to participate in FCS instead. He eventually did and became the "owner" (secretary) of the FCS standards document.
Rochester and POK also started to participate in FCS standards (POK channel engineers working hard on layering a half-duplex protocol on top of the basic full-duplex FCS operation ... current FICON). There was a standards FCS discussion list (fiber-channel-ext@think.com) ... but Rochester also hosted an internal toolsrun discussion list (dfcforum@rfcvmv) .. which included forwarding the fiber-channel-ext@think.com traffic (as well as some other items like the hippi discussion, hippi-ext@think.com).
misc. other stuff found its way on to dfcforum ... from long ago and far
away
MARKETPLACE NEWS
1. HP signed a letter of intent to buy Texas Instrument's multiuser
computer business with the intent to gain commercial market share
for its HP 9000 Series 800 computers. HP will encourage users to
migrate from the 125,000 installed TI machines to the 800 Series
servers. HP also acquired a well-developed reseller and integration
channel with an intimate knowledge of the TI user base.
Source: Systems & Network Integration Date: June 29, 1992
2. Stratus also announced that they would use HP's PA-RISC architecture
in future systems to be developed. Their director of systems products
explained that this was done after careful consideration of several
vendors architectures that would be available in the 1994-1995
timeframe. This is something of a coup for HP considering that 18%
of the Stratus 1991 revenue of $448 million was sold by IBM's
reselling of Stratus fault tolerent systems. As part of this deal,
Sratus will also port Unix 5.4 to the HP-RISC architecture.
Source: Systems & Network Integration Date: June 29, 1992
3. IBM will enhance its RS/6000 clusters this year by providing optical
channels between systems. Ancor Communications will provide the
optical communications between machines that can be located up to
2 kilometers apart. Phil Hester, AWD Vice President, said that this
technology will be Beta tested by year's end. "Loosely-coupled
RS/6000s have the ability to scale well beyond the power of ES9000
mainframes" said Stu Skomra, vice president of marketing at ILAN
Inc., a network integrator that uses RS/6000s, "but the downside to
this is that there is no single system image for systems administration."
IBM has yet to detail a strategy that allows clusters to be managed
administratively by a single image.
Source: System & Network Integration Date: June 29, 1992 Page: 12
4. Solaris 2.0 is experiencing performance impacts of 10-12% below
that achieved by Version 1.0 because of all of the code put in
it to support things such as multiprocessing according to users
that have tested the new software. Although 2.0 will not officially
ship until December of this year, the performance problems are
a major issue with integrators that are trying to use the software.
"Performance has been Sun's Achilles' heel" said Ira Cohen, president
of Copley Systems Corp., a network integrator. Solaris 2.0 is
a 32-bit Unix Operating System designed to support multiprocessing
and have hooks for OSF's Distributed Computing Environment.
Source: System & Network Integration Date: June 29, 1992 Page: 1
... snip ...
somewhat related topic drift ... recent mention of
single-system-image, and rs/6000 clusters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#43 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#46 From The Annals of Release No Software Before Its Time
and somewhat related ...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#55 MasPar compiler and simulator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#56 MasPar compiler and simulator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#57 MasPar compiler and simulator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#58 MasPar compiler and simulator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#59 MasPar compiler and simulator
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#60 MasPar compiler and simulator
--
40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Opinions on the 'Unix Haters' Handbook Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 15 Nov 2009 12:35:11 -0500greymausg writes:
big part of testimony is the gov. debt and the couple foreign countries that are buying our debt and supporting the country's profligate ways .. are getting tired. Something about "tipping" point that could spiral downwards out-of-control ... and these other foreign countries can contribute to how soon that tipping point arrives (having gotten tired of getting together and keeping us off the hook).
it almost as if the "robber baron" era from 100 yrs ago is repeating itself, various legislation and other contributing factors, temporarily put it it off for a century ... but legislation from at least a decade ago (although seeds have been there for some time) ... it will repeat ... but with significantly worse results.
past posts mentioning comptroller general
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006f.html#41 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006f.html#44 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006g.html#9 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006g.html#14 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006g.html#27 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006h.html#2 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006h.html#3 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006h.html#4 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006h.html#17 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006h.html#19 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006h.html#33 The Pankian Metaphor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006o.html#61 Health Care
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#17 Health Care
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006r.html#0 Cray-1 Anniversary Event - September 21st
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#26 Universal constants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#20 IBM Unionization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007j.html#91 IBM Unionization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007k.html#19 Another "migration" from the mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#74 Horrid thought about Politics, President Bush, and Democrats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#22 U.S. Cedes Top Spot in Global IT Competitiveness
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007q.html#7 what does xp do when system is copying
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007s.html#1 Translation of IBM Basic Assembler to C?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#13 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#14 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#15 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#24 Translation of IBM Basic Assembler to C?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#25 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#33 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#35 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007v.html#26 2007 Year in Review on Mainframes - Interesting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008.html#57 Computer Science Education: Where Are the Software Engineers of Tomorrow?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008d.html#40 Computer Science Education: Where Are the Software Engineers of Tomorrow?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#50 fraying infrastructure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#86 Banks failing to manage IT risk - study
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#1 The Workplace War for Age and Talent
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#3 America's Prophet of Fiscal Doom
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#26 The Return of Ada
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#98 dollar coins
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#8 Taxcuts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#9 Taxcuts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008n.html#17 Michigan industry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#20 What is the real basis for business mess we are facing today?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#55 Hexadecimal Kid - articles from Computerworld wanted
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: IBM driving mainframe systems programmers into the ground Newsgroups: bit.listserv.ibm-main Date: Sun, 15 Nov 2009 15:01:11 -0500zoswork@GMAIL.COM (P S) writes:
post from today .. CSPAN broadcast of David Walker's (recent fed.
comptroller general) congressional testimony ... post mentions some
possible parallels with the "robber baron" period from 100yrs ago (I've
vague recollections doing book report on book by that title in junior
high, 50 some yrs ago ... just checked search engine, written in 1934):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#86
and recent posts about being (repeatedly) reminded that business
ethics is an oxymoron (some from linkedin "greater ibm" discussions):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009.html#53 CROOKS and NANNIES: what would Boyd do?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#37 How do you see ethics playing a role in your organizations current or past?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#36 U.S. students behind in math, science, analysis says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#37 Young Developers Get Old Mainframers' Jobs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#52 Revisiting CHARACTER and BUSINESS ETHICS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#57 U.S. begins inquiry of IBM in mainframe market
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970
From: Anne & Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Kaminsky Bug Options Include "Do Nothing," Says IETF Date: 15 Nov, 2009 Blog: Information Security NetworkKaminsky Bug Options Include "Do Nothing," Says IETF
from above:
IETF community is debating whether to aggressively fashion and apply
fixes for the so-called Kaminsky bug in the DNS discovered this
summer, or to simply let its threat stand as motivation for all to
move with greater speed toward DNSSEC,
... snip ...
misc. past posts discussing DNSSEC could be a catch-22 for the
Certification Authority (digital certificate) industry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#catch22
i.e. big part of original SSL digital certificates were countermeasure
to various deficiencies in the domain name infrastructure ... fixing
deficiencies eliminates some motivation for the certificates. misc. past
posts about SSL digital certificates (& being asked in to consult with
small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on
their servers ... and had invented this technology called "SSL")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#sslcerts
i.e. above is year old Slashdot article from nov2008 ... and from today
DNS Problem Linked To DDOS Attacks Gets Worse
http://tech.slashdot.org/story/09/11/15/1238210/DNS-Problem-Linked-To-DDoS-Attacks-Gets-Worse
and some more:
DNS Problem Linked to DDoS Attacks Gets Worse
http://www.pcworld.com/businesscenter/article/182168/dns_problem_linked_to_ddos_attacks_gets_worse.html
DNS problem linked to DDoS attacks gets worse
http://www.computerworld.com/s/article/9140839/DNS_problem_linked_to_DDoS_attacks_gets_worse
DNS problem linked to DDoS attacks gets worse
http://www.networkworld.com/news/2009/120309-google-launches-free-public.html
Consumer modems are worsening DNS problem linked to DDoS attacks
http://www.infoworld.com/d/security-central/consumer-modems-are-worsening-dns-problem-linked-ddos-attacks-420
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40+yrs virtualization experience (since Jan68), online at home since Mar1970