From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Mainframe Channel I/O Date: 19 July 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
Other DISK I/O trivia: 360 CKD sort of traded off abundant
channel/disk capacity for limited real storage ... a decade later I
was starting to pontificating that trade-off was starting to invert
(instead of wasting enormous amount of channel&disk resources on
multi-track search to repeatedly find something, cache the location
and/or even the data). I wrote a tome in the early 80s on the subject
(systems had gotten 40-50 times faster while disks only got 3-5 times
faster) and some disk division executive took exception, assigning the
division performance group to refute the claims. After a few weeks,
they came back and essentially said that I had slightly understated
the problem. They then respun the information to be about optimizing
disk configurations for throughput for presenting at customer group
meetings
https://www.share.org/
presentation (16Aug1984, SHARE 63, B874).
Note: no real CKD disks have been made for decades, all simulated on industry standard fixed-block disks
CKD, FBA, multi-track search, etc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dasd
recent posts mentioning B874
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#49 Channel Program I/O Processing Efficiency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#48 360&370 I/O Channels
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#22 COMPUTER HISTORY: REMEMBERING THE IBM SYSTEM/360 MAINFRAME, its Origin and Technology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#77 Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#92 Processor, DASD, VTAM & TCP/IP performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#70 165/168/3033 & 370 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#131 Multitrack Search Performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#108 IBM Disks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#105 IBM CKD DASD and multi-track search
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#78 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#23 fast sort/merge, OoO S/360 descendants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#44 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#53 3380 disk capacity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#33 Univac 90/30 DIAG instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#79 IBM Disk Division
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#59 San Jose bldg 50 and 3380 manufacturing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#17 Performance History, 5-10Oct1986, SEAS
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: SEC Chief Gensler questions whether deal can be made to keep Chinese stocks listed in U.S. Date: 19 July 2022 Blog: FacebookRecent news about foreign companies need to comply with sarbanes-oxley as part of issuing stock in the US
SEC Chief Gensler questions whether deal can be made to keep Chinese
stocks listed in U.S.
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/sec-chief-gensler-questions-whether-deal-can-be-made-to-keep-chinese-stocks-listed-in-u-s-11657735930
At the time of Sarbanes-Oxley, rhetoric in congress was that
Sarbanes-Oxley would prevent future ENRONs and guarantee that
executives and auditors did jailtime ... however it required SEC to do
something. Possibly because GAO didn't believe SEC was doing anything,
GAO started doing reports of fraudulent financial filings, even
showing they increased after SOX went into effect (and nobody doing
jailtime). Joke was that SOX was done as a gift to the audit industry,
because congress felt badly that one of the "big five" went out of
business. GAO references:
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-03-138
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-678
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-1053R
On July 24, 2006, we issued a report to Congress entitled, Financial
Restatements: Update of Public Company Trends, Market Impacts, and
Regulatory Enforcement Activities. That report included a listing of
1,390 financial restatement announcements that we identified as having
been made because of financial reporting fraud and/or accounting
errors between July 1, 2002, and September 30, 2005. As part of that
work, Congress asked that we provide a limited update of that database
for the period October 1, 2005, through June 30, 2006.
... snip ...
SOX
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarbanes%E2%80%93Oxley_Act
ENRON scandal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enron_scandal
2004 I was invited to EU conference of exchange presidents and corporate CEOs on the subject of SOX requirements leaking into EU companies ... I talked about how trivial it was to evade SOX requirements. I was somewhat caustic because Jan1999 I had been asked to help try and prevent the coming economic mess (& we were failing). I was told that some investment bankers had walked away "clean" from S&L crisis and were then running Internet IPO mills (invest a few million, hype, IPO for a couple billion, needed to fail to leave the field clear for the next round of IPOs and were predicted to next get into securitized mortgages.
SOX posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
ENRON Posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#enron
fraudulent financial reporting posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fraudulent.financial.filings
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks Date: 19 July 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
The Giant War Robot that Rules America
https://bracingviews.com/2022/07/16/the-giant-war-robot-that-rules-america/
I've been writing against massive and unnecessary spending on wars and
weapons since the early 1980s, when I did a college project that was
highly critical of the Reagan "Defense Buildup" under then-Secretary
of Defense Caspar Weinberger. Those were the days when there was a
real movement against Reagan's pursuit of the MX "Peacekeeper" ICBM
and the deployment of nuclear-tipped Pershing II and GLCMs
(ground-launched cruise missiles, or "glick-ems") to Europe. The
Nuclear Freeze Movement helped to stimulate talks between Reagan and
Gorbachev that led to the elimination of weapons like the Pershing II,
the GLCMs, and Soviet SS-20s, introducing a small sliver of
(temporary) sanity to U.S.-Soviet relations.
... snip ...
Note Boyd had story that they spent 18months making sure that Spinney
was covered in all details in congressional testimony (all details
were "authorized"), however SECDEF blamed Boyd for the article and
wanted him banned from the Pentagon and transferred to Alaska. Boyd
had congressional coverage and Weinberger directive was rescinded week
later. Gone behind paywall, but mostly free at wayback machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20070320170523/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953733,00.html
also
https://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,953733,00.html
... may have to click on individual page numbers (instead just "Next>>", not all pages captured). Supposedly Weinberger directed new classification "NO-SPIN" ... unclassified but not to be shared with Spinney.
Boyd posts and URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
military-industrial(-congressional) complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: COBOL and tricks Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers, comp.os.linux.misc Date: Tue, 19 Jul 2022 14:26:31 -1000Lew Pitcher <lew.pitcher@digitalfreehold.ca> writes:
I used some other analysis tools from the IBM science center in the early 70s and found 14% improvement.
There was another performance consultant that was brought in and found a different 7% improvement. In the early 70s, there was a CMS\APL-based analytical system model done at the science center ... which was made available on the world-wide, branch office, sales & marketing support online HONE systems as the Performance Predictor; branch people could enter customer's configuration and workload profiles and ask "what-if" questions about changes in configuration and/or workload. During the IBM troubles in the early 90s and lots of stuff was being unloaded, the consultant managed to obtain the rights to a descendant of the Performance Predictor, ran it through an APL->C language converter and was using in for performance consulting business (not just large IBM mainframes, but other vendors also).
a few past archived a.f.c. posts mentioning the 450k cobol statement app
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006u.html#50 Where can you get a Minor in Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007u.html#21 Distributed Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#24 Job ad for z/OS systems programmer trainee
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008d.html#73 Price of CPU seconds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#81 Intel: an expensive many-core future is ahead of us
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#5 Why do IBMers think disks are 'Direct Access'?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009e.html#76 Architectural Diversity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009f.html#55 Cobol hits 50 and keeps counting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#57 When did the home computer die?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#2 Has Microsoft commuted suicide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#13 IBM today
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#155 Book on monopoly (IBM)
reference to IBM having one of the largest losses in history of US
companies and was being reorganized into 13 "baby blues" in preparation to
breaking up the company ... gone behind paywall, but mostly lives free at
wayback machine.
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What is IBM SNA? Date: 20 July 2022 Blog: FacebookComputer History: What is IBM SNA System Network Architecture?? 1974 (Protocol Explained)
... same time ... my wife was co-author of (IBM) AWP39, Peer-to-Peer Network Architecture ... they had to qualify it with "peer-to-peer" because the SNA forces had co-opted "network" for communication protocol. Joke was "System Network Architecture" wasn't a "system", wasn't a "network" and wasn't an "architecture".
SNA didn't have network layer ... 1st appearance of network layer was AWP164/APPN. For a time the person responsible for AWP164 and I reported to the same executive. I would chide him why not come and work on real (TCP/IP) networking ... since the SNA organization would never appreciate him. In fact when APPN was about to be announced, the SNA organization objected ... APPN announce was held up while the announcement letter was carefully rewritten to NOT imply any relationship at all between APPN and SNA. Very much later they would describe APPN as "SNA Advanced Peer-to-Peer Networking", with references to LU7 and LU8.
Late 80s, senior disk engineer gets a talk scheduled at annual, internal, world-wide, communication group conference, supposedly on 3174 performance ... but opens the talk with the statement that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division. The communication group had stranglehold on mainframe datacenters with their corporate strategic responsibility for everything that crossed datacenter wall and were fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computing (trying to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm and install base). The disk division was seeing data fleeing mainframe datacenters to more distributed computing friendly platforms, with drops in disk sales. They had come up with a number of solutions ... which were constantly being vetoed by the communication group. As partial work around, the disk division VP of software was doing VC investment in client/server and distributed computing startups that would use IBM disks (he periodically asked us to stop by his investments to see if we could lend any help).
Mainframe datacenter stranglehold was all mainframe products and a
couple short yrs later, company has one of the largest loss ever in US
corporate history and was being reorganized into the 13 "baby blues"
in preparation for breaking up the company ... behind paywall, but
mostly lives free at wayback machine.
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html
Trivia: Communication group was having a problem with coax cable run from datacenters to 3270 terminals ... the weight of the cables were starting to exceed bldg. load limits, supposedly token-ring was introduced as countermeasure. Note: the AWD workstation group had done their own (AT-bus) 4mbit token-ring card for the PC/RT. Then for the microchannel rs/6000 workstation, AWD was told they couldn't do their own cards, that they had to (only) use the PS/2 microchannel cards (which had been severely performance kneecapped by the communication group, 16mbit token-ring was targeted for 300+ 3270 stations/lan). The PS/2 microchannel 16mbit token-ring card had lower per card throughput than the PC/RT 4mbit token-ring card ... design point was being limited to 3270 dumb terminal activity. There was joke that if RS/6000 was limited to just the kneecapped PS2 cards, RS/6000 would be limited to PS2/486 for most things. The new Almaden research center had been heavily provisioned with CAT4 (assuming 16mbit token-ring), but they found that ethernet (CAT4) had higher aggregate lan throughput and lower latency than 16mbit token-ring, and $69 ethernet cards had significantly higher per card throughput than $800 16mbit token-ring cards.
dumb terminal & communication group responsible for demise of disk
division ... posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal
gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
801, risc, romp, rios, pc/rt, rs/6000, power, power/pc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
some posts mentioning AWP39
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#25 IBM "nine-net"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#90 IBM Internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#119 IBM Acronyms
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#2 Frank Heart Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#1 Service Bureau Corporation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#13 Important US technology companies sold to foreigners
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#62 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#29 ARM Cortex A53 64 bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#55 The ICL 2900
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#124 Early Networking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#48 PL/I advertising
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#99 Systems thinking--still in short supply
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#96 TCP joke
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#25 Microsoft Open Sources .NET, Saying It Will Run on Linux and Mac
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#15 Last Gasp for Hard Disk Drives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#99 the suckage of MS-DOS, was Re: 'Free Unix!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#26 SNA vs TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#19 z/OS is antique WAS: Aging Sysprogs = Aging Farmers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#44 What Makes code storage management so cool?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#52 PC/mainframe browser(s) was Re: 360/20, was 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#24 Does the IBM System z Mainframe rely on Security by Obscurity or is it Secure by Design
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#41 Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#23 How to Stuff a Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#25 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#17 Hierarchy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#41 Where are all the old tech workers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#2 Soups
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#6 What is IBM culture?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#26 computer bootlaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#73 zLinux OR Linux on zEnterprise Blade Extension???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#29 someone smarter than Dave Cutler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#5 What is a Server?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#62 LPARs: More or Less?
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What is IBM SNA? Date: 20 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
Starting in early 80s, I had HSDT project with T1 (1.5mbit) and faster
computer links (both terresrial and satellite) and was working with
NSF director and was suppose to get $20M to interconnect the NSF
supercomputer centers. Then congress cuts the budget, some other
things happen and finally an RFP is released. preliminary announce:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#12
The OASC has initiated three programs: The Supercomputer Centers
Program to provide Supercomputer cycles; the New Technologies Program
to foster new supercomputer software and hardware developments; and
the Networking Program to build a National Supercomputer Access
Network - NSFnet.
... snip ...
internal IBM politics prevent us from bidding on the RFP. the NSF
director tries to help by writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO) with support from other gov. agencies, but that just makes the internal politics worse
(as did claims that what we already had running was at least 5yrs
ahead of the winning bid, RFP awarded 24Nov87). The winning bid didn't even have T1 links,
just 440kbit/sec ... possibly to make it look like conforming, they
have T1 trunks with telco multiplexors running multiple
links/trunk. As regional networks connect in, it becomes the NSFNET
backbone, precursor to modern internet
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/
one of the first HSDT T1 links (satellite) was between Los Gatos
(Cal.) lab and Clementi's
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrico_Clementi
E&S lab in IBM Kingston (hudson valley, east coast), which eventually
had a whole boatload of Floating Point Systems boxes.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Floating_Point_Systems
HSDT was having some equipment built on the other side of the pacific
and the Friday before I was to leave for visit, I get an announcement
about new internal IBM forum on communication with the following
definition:
low-speed: 9.6kbits/sec,
medium speed: 19.2kbitts/sec,
high-speed: 56kbits/sec,
very high-speed: 1.5mbits/sec
monday morning on wall of conference room on the other side of
pacific, there were these definitions:
low-speed: <20mbits/sec,
medium speed: 100mbits/sec,
high-speed: 200mbits-300mbits/sec,
very high-speed: >600mbits/sec
HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet
About the same time, the communication group prepared an analysis for the corporate executive committee about why customers didn't want T1 (motivated by their products only supported up to 56kbits/sec). They showed the number of customers with "fat pipes" (parallel 56kbit links treated as single logical link) for 1, 2, 3, ..., etc links, ... dropping to zero customers by six links. What they didn't know (or didn't want to show) was that typical tariff for T1 link was about the same as 5 or 6 56kbit links (at six links, customers were switching to full T1 with non-IBM equipment, doing trivial survey we found 200 such installations)
co-worker at the science center was responsible for the internal
network (non-SNA), technology also used for the corporate sponsored
bitnet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BITNET
we transfer out to SJR in 1977 and then he transfers to FSD San Diego.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edson_Hendricks
SJMerc article about Edson (he passed aug2020) and "IBM'S MISSED
OPPORTUNITY WITH THE INTERNET" (gone behind paywall but lives free at
wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20000124004147/http://www1.sjmercury.com/svtech/columns/gillmor/docs/dg092499.htm
Also from wayback machine, some additional (IBM missed) references
from Ed's website (Ed passed aug2020)
https://web.archive.org/web/20000115185349/http://www.edh.net/bungle.htm
trivia: 1Jan1983 conversion from host to internetworking protocol
there were approx. 100 IMPs and 255 hosts ... at a time when internal
network was nearing 1000. Old archived post with list of worldwide
corporate locations that added one or more nodes in 1983:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#8
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
bitnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What is IBM SNA? Date: 20 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
re: Ed's "bungle" & the "management excellance" reference
Late 70s and early 80s, I was blamed for online computer conferencing
(precursor to the IBM forums and modern social media) on the internal
network (larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning
until sometime mid/late 80s). It really took off spring of 1981 when I
distributed a trip report of visit to Jim Gray at Tandem. Only about
300 directly participated but claims upwards of 25,000 were
reading. There were six copies of approx. 300 pages printed along with
executive summary and summary of the summary and packaged in Tandem
3-ring binders and sent to the executive committee (folklore is 5of6
wanted to fire me) ... from summary of summary:
• The perception of many technical people in IBM is that the company
is rapidly heading for disaster. Furthermore, people fear that this
movement will not be appreciated until it begins more directly to
affect revenue, at which point recovery may be impossible
• Many technical people are extremely frustrated with their management
and with the way things are going in IBM. To an increasing extent,
people are reacting to this by leaving IBM Most of the contributors to
the present discussion would prefer to stay with IBM and see the
problems rectified. However, there is increasing skepticism that
correction is possible or likely, given the apparent lack of
commitment by management to take action
• There is a widespread perception that IBM management has failed to
understand how to manage technical people and high-technology
development in an extremely competitive environment.
... but it takes another decade (1981-1992) ... IBM has one of the
largest losses in history of US companies and was being reorged into the
13 "baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company. gone
behind paywall, but mostly lives free at wayback machine.
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html
had already left IBM, but get a call from the bowels of Armonk asking if could help with breakup of the company. Lots of business units were using supplier contracts in other units via MOUs. After the breakup, all of these contracts would be in different companies ... all of those MOUs would have to be cataloged and turned into their own contracts. However, before getting started, the board brings in a new CEO and reverses the breakup.
a little more in this recent linkedin post
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
also
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
online computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Vintage Computing Date: 20 July 2022 Blog: Facebooktrivia: (CP67)/CMS was precursor to personal computing;
Some of the MIT/7094 CTSS people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System
went to the 5th flr, project mac, and MULTICS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multics
Others went to the 4th flr, IBM Cambridge Science Center, did virtual
machine CP40/CMS (on 360/40 with hardware mods for virtual memory,
morphs into CP67/CMS when 360/67 standard with virtual memory becomes
available, precursor to vm370), online and performance apps, CTSS
RUNOFF redid for CMS as SCRIPT, GML invented at science center in 1969
(and GML tag processing added to SCRIPT, a decade later GML morphs
into ISO SGML and after another decade morphs into HTML at CERN),
networking, etc.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/CMS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversational_Monitor_System
some more CP67/CMS and VM370/CMS history
https://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda#VMHist
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
sgml, gml, script, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#sgml
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
before msdos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS
there was Seattle computer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle_Computer_Products
before Seattle computer, there was cp/m
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/M
before developing CP/M, kildall worked on CP/67-cms at npg (gone 404,
but lives on at the wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20071011100440/http://www.khet.net/gmc/docs/museum/en_cpmName.html
npg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Postgraduate_School
Opel's obit ...
https://www.pcworld.com/article/243311/former_ibm_ceo_john_opel_dies.html
According to the New York Times, it was Opel who met with Bill Gates,
CEO of the then-small software firm Microsoft, to discuss the
possibility of using Microsoft PC-DOS OS for IBM's
about-to-be-released PC. Opel set up the meeting at the request of
Gates' mother, Mary Maxwell Gates. The two had both served on the
National United Way's executive committee.
... snip ...
other trivia: a decade ago, I was asked to track down the decision to
make virtual memory standard for all 370s. I found an assistant to the
executive making the decision. Basically the problem was MVT storage
management was so bad that a typical 1mbyte 370/165 could only have
four regions, insufficient to keep the machine busy and
justified. Going to 16mbyte virtual memory (SVS, very much like
running MVT in 16mbyte CP67 virtual machine) would allow the number of
regions to be increased by factor of four times with little or no
paging. old archived post with pieces of the email discussion:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73
Biggest piece of code for MVT->SVS was EXCP/SVC0 building copies of channel programs with real addresses (in place of the virtual addresses passed by the caller). Ludlow was doing initial prototype on 360/67 ... and borrowed CP67 CCWTRANS (that performed the same function for virtual machine channel programs) to craft into EXCP processing.
some recent posts mentioning CCWTRANS:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#91 Enhanced Production Operating Systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#93 Operating System File/Dataset I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#55 CMS OS/360 Simulation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#92 Computer BUNCH
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#70 165/168/3033 & 370 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#58 Computer Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#10 360/65, 360/67, 360/75
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#113 IBM Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#1 PCP, MFT, MVT OS/360, VS1, & VS2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#23 fast sort/merge, OoO S/360 descendants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#70 IBM Research, Adtech, Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#48 Dynamic Adaptive Resource Management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#43 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#25 Execute and IBM history, not Sequencer vs microcode
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#6 IBM 370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#2 Colours on screen (mainframe history question)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#63 Early Computer Use
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#59 370 Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#23 when sorting was important, If a compiler could compile itself
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: CICS 53 Years Date: 21 July 2022 Blog: FacebookI had taken two credit hr intro to fortran/computers. At end of semester got student programming job to redo 1401 MPIO for 360/30. Univ. shutdown the datacenter over the weekend and I would have the whole place to myself ... although 48hrs w/o sleep made monday classes hard. They gave me a bunch of hardware and software manuals and I got to design, implement and test my own monitor, device drivers, interrupt handlers, error recovery, storage management, etc ... within a few weeks I had 2000 card assembler program.
Within a year of taking intro course, when 360/67 came in, I was hired fulltime responsible for OS/360 (tss/360 never really came to production fruition, so ran as 360/65 with os/360). First sysgen I did was MFT release 9.5. Student fortran jobs had run less than second on 709 tape->tape. Initially on 360/65 took over a minute. I installed HASP and that cut the time in half. Then for MFT release 11, I redid SYSGEN to carefully place datasets and PDS members for optimized arm seek and multi-track search, cutting student fortran time by another 2/3rds to avg 12.9 secs. Never beat 709 until I got Univ. Waterloo WATFOR.
Univ. library got an ONR grant to do online catalog and part of the money went for 2321 datacell. Project was also selected to be betatest for original CICS product and debugging CICS was added to the list. First problem was wouldn't start, turns out that CICS had some hardcoded, undocumented BDAM options and library had built their BDAM datasets with different set of operations.
Some Yelavich cics web pages (gone 404 but live on at the wayback
machine).
https://web.archive.org/web/20071124013919/http://www.yelavich.com/history/toc.htm
https://web.archive.org/web/20050409124902/http://www.yelavich.com/cicshist.htm
BDAM &/or CICS posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#cics
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: China VSLI Foundry Date: 21 July 2022 Blog: FacebookGlobalFoundries now #4?
China's SMIC Is Shipping 7nm Foundry ASICs. The Most Advanced Foundry
In The World After TSMC And Samsung
https://semianalysis.substack.com/p/chinas-smic-is-shipping-7nm-foundry
SMIC, China's largest foundry has slowly been catching up to
TSMC, Samsung, and various western foundries in process
technology. They are rapidly approaching position as the
world's 3rd largest foundry and have higher margins than the
current number 3, GlobalFoundries. SMIC has achieved this through a
combination of large subsidies from the state, poaching TSMC talent,
and tremendous home-grown expertise. Their chips ship in large volumes
to a variety of use cases from smartphones to the world's
fastest supercomputer. The foundry has now quietly released and
started mass production of their 7nm process node dubbed N+2.
... snip ...
trivia ... use to sponsor Boyd's briefings ... so somewhat followed F15, F16, F18, as well as Sprey and A10. Over decade ago, F35 forces were saying all other planes would be canceled/eliminated, F35 was stealth, so Growlers (F18s) were no longer needed and could easily do "close air support" (so no A10s). Would get me into some arguments with the F35 forces, 1st what I posted wasn't true, then they changed from stealth to "low observable" and then I shouldn't be allowed to post analysis.
part of post from few years ago
F35 originally designed as bomb truck assuming F22 was flying cover to
handle real threats. F35 compared to original prototype, stealth
characteristics significantly compromised.
http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-JSF-Analysis.html
http://www.ausairpower.net/jsf.html
http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-2009-01.html
2011 RADAR tutorial
https://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1278838
https://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1278878
https://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1278931
mentions three TIPS processing required to do advanced real time stealth targeting (not available in 2011). Spring of 2015, DOD puts latest computer technologies on export restriction list. At fall 2015 supercomputer conference, China demonstrates they were making their own advanced computer components (used in supercomputers, military radar and other applications). YE2017 article referencing that latest generation of self driving cars have more than 100 times the processing (mentioned in 2011), needed to do real time targeting (rather than just tracking) of stealth aircraft.
...
recently Growlers are getting new radar jamming pods (high, medium, AND low frequency).
Boyd posts & URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
some posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#101 The US's best stealth jets are pretty easy to spot on radar, but that doesn't make it any easier to stop them
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#95 Finland picks F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#8 Why Not Use Self-Driving Cars as Supercomputers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#48 The Kill Chain: Defending America in the Future of High-Tech Warfare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#55 Why Not Use Self-Driving Cars as Supercomputers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#60 Martial Arts "OODA-loop"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#53 Stealthy no more? A German radar vendor says it tracked the F-35 jet in 2018 -- from a pony farm
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 9 Mainframe Statistics That May Surprise You Date: 21 July 2022 Blog: Facebook9 Mainframe Statistics That May Surprise You
Early/mid-80s, mainframe hardware accounted for majority of IBM revenue. Turn of the century, press was that it was only a few percent (and dropping). Press in EC12 period was it was only a couple percent of revenue (and still dropping), but mainframe group was 25% of revenue and 40% of profit (software and services).
Earlier machines were industry standard benchmark with number of
iterations compared to 370/158 iterations (assumed to be 1MIPS
machine). Later calculation using IBM numbers about throughput
compared to previous generation.
z900, 16 processors, 2.5BIPS (156MIPS/proc), Dec2000
z990, 32 processors, 9BIPS, (281MIPS/proc), 2003
z9, 54 processors, 18BIPS (333MIPS/proc), July2005
z10, 64 processors, 30BIPS (469MIPS/proc), Feb2008
z196, 80 processors, 50BIPS (625MIPS/proc), Jul2010
EC12, 101 processors, 75BIPS (743MIPS/proc), Aug2012
z13, 140 processors, 100BIPS (710MIPS/proc), Jan2015
z14, 170 processors, 150BIPS (862MIPS/proc), Aug2017
z15, 190 processors, 190BIPS* (1000MIPS/proc), Sep2019
• pubs say z15 1.25 times z14 (1.25*150BIPS or 190BIPS)
• z16, 200?? processors, ???BIPS (???MIPS/proc),
Same time as z196, there were E5-2600 blades running same industry
standard benchmark getting 500BIPS (ten times max. configured
z196). Since then the blades have increased the (ten times) throughput
advantage over max. configured mainframes.
Three people from the science center came out to univ. to install
CP67/CMS (3rd installation after science center itself and MIT Lincoln
Labs) ... still needed lots of work. I had been hired fulltime
responsible for OS/360 within yr of taking intro to
fortran/computers. Univ. had been sold 360/67 for TSS/360 ... which
never came to production fruition, so (mostly) ran as 360/65 with
OS/360. Univ. would shutdown datacenter for weekend and I had it
dedicated, but 48hrs w/o sleep could make Monday classes a little
hard. I had benchmark of OS/360 that ran in 322sec on bare machine but
under CP67 ran 856sec (CP67 CPU 534sec), after a couple months I had
it down to 435sec (CP67 CPU reduced to 113sec from 534). Archived post
with part of old 60s SHARE presentation:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#18
In the 60s, the science center and commercial online spin-offs of science center did a lot of work for providing 7x24 availability, dark room operation with no operators, automagic dump & re-ipl with problems. Also mainframes was still rented/leased with charges based on system meter whenever CPU and any channel ran. There was special channel programs for terminal I/O that would let channel go to sleep when idle, but wake up immediately whenever characters were arriving (allowing system meter to stop when system was idle). Trivia: system meter needed everything to be idle for at least 400ms before stopping. Long after IBM had switched to sales, MVS still had a timer task that went off every 400ms, guaranteeing system meter would never stop.
online timesharing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare
After graduating and joining science center one of my hobbies enhanced production operator systems for internal datacenters ... including the world-wide, online sales&marketing support HONE systems. In mid-70s, the US HONE datacenters were consolidated in Palo Alto, and enhanced to have max. number of systems in single-system image, loosely-coupled, cluster complex with load-balancing and fall-over with large disk farm with one of my CSC/VM release 2 systems. In the morph from CP67->VM370, lots of feature functions were dropped or enormously simplified ... and I started on VM370 release2 adding them back in for my CSC/VM.
After Future System (completely replaces 370 and internal politics was killing 370 efforts ... the lack of new 370 during the period is credited with giving clone 370 makers the market foothold) imploded, there was then a mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product pipelines, including kicking off quick&dirty 3033 & 3081 efforts in parallel.
It also credited with decision to pick up a little of my CSC/VM stuff for VM370 release3. I then add CP67 multiprocessor support into my CSC/VM release3, initially for US HONE so they could add a 2nd CPU to each of their systems (16 processors in single-system image cluster complex).
multiprocessor, SMP, and/or compare&swap instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
Then head of POK manages to convince corporate to kill VM370, shutdown the development group and transfer all the people to POK for MVS/XA (or supposedly, MVS/XA woudn't ship on time). HONE was told they had to convert everything to MVS. Endicott managed to save the VM370 product mission (for mid-range computers), but had to reconstitute a development group from scratch. Then executive came out from POK to tell US HONE that while VM370 product mission had been saved by Endicott, it was for the mid-range, but VM370 still wouldn't be supported on the POK high-end 370s ... so HONE still had to convert to MVS. That caused such an uproar that the executive had to come back and explain to HONE that he never said that VM370 wouldn't be supported on POK high-end 370s.
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm
HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
Future Systems posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
some more CP67/CMS and VM370/CMS history
https://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda#VMHist
trivia: single-system image support was never announced/shipped for customers until Z/VM in 2009 (three decades later).
1975, Endicott also cons me into doing the analysis for ECPS
... moving most executed 6kbytes of VM370 kernel instructions into
microcode for 10:1 speedup. Old archived post with that analysis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#18
After transferring from the science center to San Jose Research, I did some work with Jim Gray and Vera Watson on original SQL/relational implementation System/R, including tech transfer (under the radar) to Endicott for SQL/DS (while company was preoccupied with the next great DBMS, "EAGLE"). When "EAGLE" implodes there is request for how fast can System/R be ported to MVS, which is eventually released as DB2, originally for decision support *ONLY*. Then when Jim departs to Tandem, he palms off DBMS consulting with the IMS group on me.
system/r posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
In the early 80s, I get approval to give talks about how ECPS was done at user group meetings, including the monthly BAYBUNCH meetings held at SLAC. Afterwards we usually adjourned to silicon valley watering holes ... and the Amdahl people cornered me for a lot more information. They said that they were doing machine HYPERVISOR using "MACROCODE" (370-like instructions running in microcode mode, originally created for a plethera of trivialmicrocode changes IBM did for 3033 that were required by MVS); which they would shortly ship as "multi-domain". IBM wasn't able to respond until several years later with 3090 PR/SM and LPAR in 1988.
Last product we did at IBM was HA/CMP
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_High_Availability_Cluster_Multiprocessing
It started out as HA/6000 for NYTimes to allow them to migrate their newspaper system (ATEX) from VAXCluster to RS/6000. I rename it HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing) after working with national labs on technical/scientific cluster scale-up and RDBMS vendors (Ingres, Informix, Oracle, Sybase) that had VAXCluster support in same source base with unix (lots of work for easing their VAXCluster RDBMS support to much larger commercial unix cluster sizes). Old post about Jan1992 cluster scale-up with Oracle CEO, 16way mid1992, 128way ye1992 (significantly larger than any VAXCluster) https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/95.html#13
Within a few weeks of the Oracle CEO meeting, cluster scale-up was transferred, announced as IBM Supercomputer (for technical/scientific *ONLY*) and we were told we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors. We leave IBM a few months later (contributing was mainframe DB2 complaining that if we were allowed to go ahead, it would be years ahead of them). Since then, there has big overlap with commodity supercomputer blade cluster technology and commodity cloud blade cluster technology. Other trivia, 2009 I would joke about IBM releases no software before its time ... not only z/VM single-system-image, put also only modest increase in PowerHA cluster sizes.
HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
In 1980 STL (now SVL) was bursting at the seams and they were moving 300 people from the IMS group (and 300 3270 terminals) to offsite bldg with dataprocessing service back to the STL datacenter. They had tried "remote" 3270 (over telco lines), but found the human factors totally unacceptable (compared to channel connected 3270 controllers and my enhanced production operating systems). I get con'ed into doing channel-extender support to the offsite bldg so they could have channel attached controllers at the offste bldg with no perceptible difference in response. The STL 168s had 3270 (channel attached) controllers across all channels shared with disk controllers. Moving the 3270 controllers offsite with super fast channel interface box to 168 channel, channel busy was enormously reduced (for the same amount of 3270 terminal activity) compared to the 3270 controllers directly channel attached, increasing system throughput by 10-15% (eliminating much of the channel interference with disk controllers). There was some discussion of configuring all 3270 channel attached controllers for all the STL 168 systems similarly (even though didn't need the channel-extender capability, but the 10-15% in throughput would be welcome). The hardware vendor then tries to get IBM to release my support, but there are some engineers in POK playing with some serial stuff who were afraid that it would make it harder to release their stuff ... and get it veto'ed.
channel-extender post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#channel.extender
In 1988, the IBM branch asks if I can help LLNL (national lab) get some serial stuff they are working with, standardized ... which quickly becomes fibre channel standard ("FCS", including some stuff I had done in 1980), initially 1gbit full-duplex, 2gbit aggregate, 200mbyte/sec. Then in 1990, POK people get their stuff released with ES/9000 as ESCON (when it is already obsolete, 17mbyte/sec). Then some POK people becomes involved with FCS and define a heavy weight protocol that significantly reduces throughput, which is eventually released as FICON.
Latest FICON published benchmark I can find is "PEAK I/O" for max-configured z196 that gets 2M IOPS using 104 FICON (running over 104 FCS). About the same time there was a FCS announced for e5-2600 blade claiming over a million IOPS (two such FCS getting higher throughput than 104 FICON running over 104 FCS). Also CKD DASD haven't been made for decades (being simulated on industry-standard fixed-block disks).
FICON post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon
some recent mainframe posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#71 FedEx to Stop Using Mainframes, Close All Data Centers By 2024
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#6 Computer Server Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#111 Financial longevity that redhat gives IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#67 IBM Mainframe market was Re: Approximate reciprocals
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#54 IBM Z16 Mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#19 Telum & z16
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#12 IBM z16: Built to Build the Future of Your Business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#63 Mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#57 Fujitsu confirms end date for mainframe and Unix systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#45 Mainframe MIPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#96 370/195
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#84 Mainframe Benchmark
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#120 Computer Performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#92 How IBM lost the cloud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#2 A brief overview of IBM's new 7 nm Telum mainframe CPU
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#44 OoO S/360 descendants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#41 IBM Mainframe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#18 IBM Zcloud - is it just outsourcing ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#68 Amdahl
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#55 Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#0 Will The Cloud Take Down The Mainframe?
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 9 Mainframe Statistics That May Surprise You Date: 22 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
... IBM was on long downward drop and well practiced
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
... IBM has one of the largest losses in history of US companies and was
being reorged into the 13 "baby blues" in preparation for breaking up
the company. gone behind paywall, but mostly lives free at wayback
machine.
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html
had already left IBM, but get a call from the bowels of Armonk asking if could help with breakup of the company. Lots of business units were using supplier contracts in other units via MOUs. After the breakup, all of these contracts would be in different companies ... all of those MOUs would have to be cataloged and turned into their own contracts. However, before we get started, the board brings in a new CEO and reverses the breakup.
Along the way, I was getting email from former co-workers about top executives were spending all their time shifting expenses from the following year into the current year (instead of running the company). I ask our contact in bowels of Armonk. He says that the current year is in the red and they won't get their executive bonuses, but if they can shift enough expenses from the following year, to even just nudge it a little into the black, the way the executive bonus plan was written, they would get bonuses more than twice as large as any previous bonuses (effectively rewarded for taking the company into the red).
and a recent ENRON reference:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#106 Price Wars
Periodic SOX posting; At the time of Sarbanes-Oxley, rhetoric in
congress was that Sarbanes-Oxley would prevent future ENRONs and
guarantee that executives and auditors did jailtime ... however it
required SEC to do something. Possibly because GAO didn't believe SEC
was doing anything, GAO started doing reports of fraudulent financial
filings, even showing they increased after SOX went into effect (and
nobody doing jailtime). Joke was that SOX was done as a gift to the
audit industry, because congress felt badly that one of the "big five"
went out of business. GAO references:
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-03-138
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-678
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-1053R
The other comment was possibly the only useful thing in SOX was about whistleblowers at the end (in the congressional Madoff hearings, the person that tried unsuccessfully for a decade to get SEC to do something about Madoff, pointed out that tips/whistleblowing has turned up 13 times more fraud than audits).
... trivia; SEC's hands were forced with Madoff when he turned himself in (gossip is that he was looking for gov. protection after he had defrauded some specific people)
SOX posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
ENRON Posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#enron
fraudulent financial reporting posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fraudulent.financial.filings
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
Madoff posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
whistleblower posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What is IBM SNA? Date: 22 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
In the 80s, communication group was fighting hard to block release of mainframe TCP/IP support ... when they lost, they changed their tactic and said that since they had strategic ownership of everything that crossed datacenter walls, it had to be released through them. What shipped got 44kbytes aggregate using 3090 processor CPU. I then did RFC1044 support and in some tuning tests at Cray Research between 4341 and Cray ... got sustained 4341 channel throughput using only modest amount of 4341 CPU (around 500 times improvement in bytes moved per instruction executed).
rfc1044 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#1044
Later they hired a silicon valley contractor to implement TCP/IP support directly in VTAM ... what he initially demo'ed had TCP running much faster than LU6.2. He was then told that everybody knows that a properly implemented TCP/IP support is much slower than LU6.2 ... and they would only be paying for a proper TCP/IP implementation.
Early/mid 80s, majority of IBM revenue from mainframe hardware. Turn of century claim was mainframe hardware was only a few percent of IBM revenue (and dropping). Around 2012, analysis was mainframe hardware was only a couple percent of IBM revenue (and still dropping), but mainframe group was 25% of IBM revenue (and 40% of profit) ... nearly all software and services.
IBM mainframes since turn of century, earlier models industry standard
benchmark, no. iterations compared to 70s processor assumed to be one
MIP, later numbers based on announced throughput change compared to
previous models
z900, 16 processors, 2.5BIPS (156MIPS/proc), Dec2000
z990, 32 processors, 9BIPS, (281MIPS/proc), 2003
z9, 54 processors, 18BIPS (333MIPS/proc), July2005
z10, 64 processors, 30BIPS (469MIPS/proc), Feb2008
z196, 80 processors, 50BIPS (625MIPS/proc), Jul2010
EC12, 101 processors, 75BIPS (743MIPS/proc), Aug2012
z13, 140 processors, 100BIPS (710MIPS/proc), Jan2015
z14, 170 processors, 150BIPS (862MIPS/proc), Aug2017
z15, 190 processors, 190BIPS* (1000MIPS/proc), Sep2019
• pubs say z15 1.25 times z14 (1.25*150BIPS or 190BIPS)
• z16, 200?? processors, ???BIPS (???MIPS/proc),
Same time as z196, there were E5-2600 blades running same industry
standard benchmark getting 500BIPS (ten times max. configured
z196). Since then the blades have increased the (ten times) throughput
advantage over max. configured mainframes. IBM max-configured z196
@$30M ($600,000/BIPS), IBM base list price for e5-2600 was $1815,
aka $3.63/BIPS. About time server chip vendor press that they were
shipping half their product directly to cloud megadatacenters, IBM
sells off its server unit ... cloud operators claiming that they
assemble their own cloud blades at 1/3rd the cost of brand name server
blades ($1.21/BIPS). Typical cloud megacenter would have half million
or more blade server systems with enormous automation (staffs of
80-120 people).
megadatacenter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: COBOL and tricks Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers, comp.os.linux.misc Date: Fri, 22 Jul 2022 13:41:51 -1000"25B.Z959" <25B.Z959@nada.net> writes:
(IBM) Los Gatos VLSI lab was doing a lot of language stuff with Metaware's TWS ... and then used it for mainframe pascal compiler for VLSI tool development ... eventually released as VS/PASCAL, was also used to the original mainframe TCP/IP support.
Releasing mainframe TCP/IP support was big battle with the (SNA) communication group ... they eventually decided it had to be released through them which got 44kbyte/sec aggregate throughput using nearly whole 3090 CPU. I did the support for RFC1044 and in some turning tests at Cray Research, between 4341 and Cray, got sustained 4341 channel throughput using only modest amount of 4341 cpu (something like 500 times improvement in bytes moved per instruction executed). I've often commented the VS/pascal implementation had none of the buffer/length problems that were epidemic in c language implementations.
rfc1044 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#1044
("C") buffer problems/exploits posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#overflow
After leaving IBM in the early 90s ... during IBM downturn, a lot of stuff was being offloading ... including lots of chip tool applications to industry tool vendors ... however industry standard platform was SUN ... so all these apps had to be ported to SUN platform.
LSG hires me to port a 50,000 VS/PASCAL statement app to SUN. Enormous amount of problems 1) I don't think SUN pascal had ever been used for anything other than educational/instructional and 2) SUN had outsourced pascal support to organization 12 times zones away on the opposite of the world (easy drive to drop into SUN hdqtrs ... but didn't do much good since had to wait until the following day for response, I did get a billcap from "space city"). In retrospect, it would have been much easier to have rewritten it in C.
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
recent posts mentioning Metaware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#82 ROMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#23 Programming Languages in IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#45 not a 360 either, was Design a better 16 or 32 bit processor
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#6 What's Fortran?!?!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#5 What's Fortran?!?!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#95 What's Fortran?!?!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#37 IBM HA/CMP Product
other posts mentioning porting LSG chip app to SUN
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#24 Programming Languages in IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#47 vs/pascal
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#31 IBM Programming Projects
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#95 What's Fortran?!?!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#41 CADAM & Catia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#43 The most important invention from every state
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#93 Curious observation: lack of a simple optimization in a C program
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#36 Quote on Slashdot.org
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#53 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#71 New HD
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#21 The simplest High Level Language
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#27 "Best" versus "worst" programming language you've used?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010n.html#54 PL/I vs. Pascal
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#19 Top 10 Cybersecurity Threats for 2009, will they cause creation of highly-secure Corporate-wide Intranets?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008j.html#77 CLIs and GUIs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005b.html#14 something like a CTC on a PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004k.html#34 August 23, 1957
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004f.html#42 Infiniband - practicalities for small clusters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#30 perceived forced conversion from cp/m to ms-dos in late 80's
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The January 6 Secret Service Text Scandal Turns Criminal Date: 23 July 2022 Blog: FacebookSecurity News This Week: The January 6 Secret Service Text Scandal Turns Criminal. Plus: The FCC cracks down on car warranty robocalls, Thai activists get targeted by NSO's Pegasus, and the Russia-Ukraine cyberwar continues.
... I remember when DHS was 1st formed and Secret Service moved under DHS ... there were claims that DHS politics started off by taking 1/3rd of Secret Service budget and things going down hill from there.
posts mentioning shortly after graduating and joining IBM, IBM getting
new CSO, formally of gov. service and head of presidential detail and
being asked to run around with him talking about comptuer security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#98 Enhanced Production Operating Systems II
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#4 Industrial Espionage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#38 Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#57 Computer Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#102 IBM CSO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#37 IBM Confidential
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#69 Mainframe mid-range computing market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#66 The Case Against SQL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#16 IBM Zcloud - is it just outsourcing ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#84 Bizarre Career Events
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#78 Interactive Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#0 IBM "Wild Ducks"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#37 Early mainframe security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#67 Economic Mess
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#28 The real story of how the Internet became so vulnerable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#54 IBM Programmer Aptitude Test
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#60 Bridgestone Sues IBM For $600 Million Over Allegedly 'Defective' System That Plunged The Company Into 'Chaos'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#53 Programmer Charged with thieft (maybe off topic)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#8 Plug Your Data Leaks from the inside
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010q.html#3a The Great Cyberheist
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010j.html#33 Personal use z/OS machines was Re: Multiprise 3k for personal Use?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009r.html#41 While watching Biography about Bill Gates on CNBC last Night
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009r.html#39 While watching Biography about Bill Gates on CNBC last Night
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#24 Top 10 Cybersecurity Threats for 2009, will they cause creation of highly-secure Corporate-wide Intranets?
yes card posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#yescard
Posts menioning 2003 ATM Integrity Task Force where secret service
gave detailed rundown of "yes cards"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#44 Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#17 Data Breach
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#81 EMV migration compliance for banking from IBM (1997)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#57 Hacking, Exploits and Vulnerabilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#58 Watch Your Debit and Credit Cards: Thieves Get Craftier With Skimmers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#53 EMV: Why the US migration didn't happen sooner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#51 EMV: Why the US migration didn't happen sooner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#4 chip card
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#80 Running unsupported is dangerous was Re: AW: Re: LE strikes again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#74 The chip card transition in the US has been a disaster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#73 The chip card transition in the US has been a disaster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#55 Institutional Memory and Two-factor Authentication
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#39 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#42 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#79 EMV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#73 A mighty fortress is our PKI, Part II
other posts mentioning secret service
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#38 CBS News: WikiLeaks claims to release thousands of CIA documents of computer activity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#51 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#17 Online Debit, Credit Fraud Will Soon Get Much Worse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#69 Why is the US a decade behind Europe on 'chip and pin' cards?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#74 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#0 Cyberwar vs. Cyber-Espionage vs. Cybercrime
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#2 Fun with ATM Skimmers, Part III
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#0 CARD AUTHENTICATION TECHNOLOGY - Embedded keypad on Card - Is this the future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#59 More calumny: "Secret Service Uses 1980s Mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010f.html#1 More calumny: "Secret Service Uses 1980s Mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#63 More calumny: "Secret Service Uses 1980s Mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#59 More calumny: "Secret Service Uses 1980s Mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#37 More calumny: "Secret Service Uses 1980s Mainframe"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#18 Secret Service plans IT reboot
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#13 Secret Service plans IT reboot
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#12 Secret Service plans IT reboot
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009p.html#11 Secret Service plans IT reboot
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#0 Patent buster for a method that increases password security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006v.html#33 New attacks on the financial PIN processing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#9 New airline security measures in Europe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#54 PKI and Non-repudiation practicalities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm14.htm#14 blackhole spam => mail unreliability (Re: A Trial Balloon to Ban Email?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay8.htm#vulner account number & shared-secret vulnerabilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay6.htm#harvest harvesting of credit card numbers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#44 Credit Card Skimming Rising In The US
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: China VSLI Foundry Date: 23 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
I was in briefing with commander of growlers ... he said that the breathing/oxygen problem they came to believe was that the new digital cockpits so overwhelmed the brain, that it was forgetting to breath. Also it was taking EA-6 prowler pilots a year to convert to growlers ... but kids that grew up with video games were doing it faster, and observed difference in performance if they had too much alcohol or salt ... even 3days before going up.
... F35 original design was stealth ("invisible") on approach to bombing enemy facilities with (air superiority) F22 flying cover and handling threats. F22 numbers curtailed (limited air superiority) and advanced cyber radar signature processing able to target stealth ... so strategies changed to large "stand-off" F35 clusters firing advanced long-range, over the horizon (beyond visual range) missiles (with Growlers providing radar jamming). I've since been looking for "open source" specs for F35 electrical power generation compared to EA-18G Growler (i.e. max. digital load capacity). Also what other kinds of platforms might be optimized for large numbers of stand-off, long-range missiles.
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The audacious PR plot that seeded doubt about climate change Date: 23 July 2022 Blog: FacebookThe audacious PR plot that seeded doubt about climate change
merchant of doubt posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#merchants.of.doubt
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
recent posts mentioning "big oil", "climate change", and/or "global warming"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#74 The Supreme Court Is Limiting the Regulatory State
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#69 India Will Not Lift Windfall Tax On Oil Firms Until Crude Drops By $40
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#96 Goldman Sachs predicts $140 oil as gas prices spike near $5 a gallon
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#118 The Death of Neoliberalism Has Been Greatly Exaggerated
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#117 Documentary Explores How Big Oil Stalled Climate Action for Decades
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#96 Why Companies Are Becoming B Corporations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#39 Climate denial is waning on the right
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#95 This chemist is reimagining the discovery of materials using AI and automation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#43 Koch Empire
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#28 Big oil's 'wokewashing' is the new climate science denialism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#12 Climate change deniers are as slippery as those who justified the slave trade
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#94 Hurricane Ida slammed into Louisiana and then didn't really weaken. Why?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#9 'Climate change is going to cost us': How the US military is preparing for harsher environments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#8 'Climate change is going to cost us': How the US military is preparing for harsher environments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#7 A terrifying new theory: Fake news and conspiracy theories as an evolutionary strategy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#6 Remarks by President Biden Laying Out the Next Steps in Our Effort to Get More Americans Vaccinated and Combat the Spread of the Delta Variant
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#2 The Disturbing Rise of the Corporate Mercenaries
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#98 Heatwave causes massive melt of Greenland ice sheet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#93 A top spreader of coronavirus misinformation says he will delete his posts after 48 hours
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#79 Want Quick Progress on Climate Change? Clean Up 'Hyper-Polluting' Coal Plants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#78 Fox Hosts Hit Peak Bizarro World: Tucker Lies, Says Fauci 'Created' Covid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#72 It's Time to Call Out Big Oil for What It Really Is
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#58 The Storm Is Upon Us
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#16 Big oil and gas kept a dirty secret for decades
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#13 NYT Ignores Two-Year House Arrest of Lawyer Who Took on Big Oil
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#3 Big oil and gas kept a dirty secret for decades
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#25 POGO Testimony on Holding the Oil and Gas Industry Accountable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#15 POGO Testimony on Holding the Oil and Gas Industry Accountable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#89 How climate change skepticism held a government captive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#77 How climate change skepticism held a government captive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#59 How climate change skepticism held a government captive
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#77 Meet the "New Koch Brothers"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#83 Capital in the Twenty-First Century
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#60 The Dumbest Business Idea Ever. The Myth of Maximizing Shareholder Value. The dominant business philosophy debunked
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#24 Promtheus' Fire: Climate Change in the Time of Willful Ignorance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#5 Book: Kochland : the secret history of Koch Industries and corporate power in America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#4 Bots Are Destroying Political Discourse As We Know It
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: What's different, was Why did Dennis Ritchie write that UNIX was a modern implementation of CTSS? Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 24 Jul 2022 17:02:18 -1000D.J. <chucktheouch@gmail.com> writes:
Lots of IBM (mainframe) had problems after the gov. legal action and the 23Jun1969 unbundle announcement starting to charge for SE services, maintenance, (application) software, etc (at the time management made the case kernel software should still be free) ... with rule that monthly charge had to cover original development plus ongoing development and mainteance .... where the traditional enormous software groups resulted in "formulae" prices that nobody would pay.
The hudson valley/POK favorite son (batch) software was especially prone to this.
Things were somewhat different up at the science center. At the time the official operating system for (virtual memory) 360/67 was TSS/360 and had 1200 people working on it, the science center had 12 people doing CP67/CMS
Some of the MIT/7094 CTSS people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System went to the
5th flr, project mac, and MULTICS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multics
(and folkore, UNIX as a simplified version of MULTICS)
Others went to the 4th flr, IBM Cambridge Science Center, did virtual
machine CP40/CMS (on 360/40 with hardware mods for virtual memory,
morphs into CP67/CMS when 360/67 standard with virtual memory becomes
available, precursor to vm370), online and performance apps, CTSS RUNOFF
redid for CMS as SCRIPT, GML invented at science center in 1969 (and GML
tag processing added to SCRIPT, a decade later GML morphs into ISO SGML
and after another decade morphs into HTML at CERN), networking, etc.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/CMS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversational_Monitor_System
some more CP67/CMS and VM370/CMS history
https://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda#VMHist
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
before msdos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS
there was Seattle computer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle_Computer_Products
before Seattle computer, there was cp/m
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/M
before developing CP/M, kildall worked on CP/67-CMS at npg (gone 404,
but lives on at the wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20071011100440/http://www.khet.net/gmc/docs/museum/en_cpmName.html
npg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Postgraduate_School
Opel's obit ...
https://www.pcworld.com/article/243311/former_ibm_ceo_john_opel_dies.html
According to the New York Times, it was Opel who met with Bill Gates,
CEO of the then-small software firm Microsoft, to discuss the
possibility of using Microsoft PC-DOS OS for IBM's about-to-be-released
PC. Opel set up the meeting at the request of Gates' mother, Mary
Maxwell Gates. The two had both served on the National United Way's
executive committee.
co-worker at the science center was responsible for (non-SNA) internal
network, technology also used for the corporate sponsored univ. BITNET
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BITNET
when it came time to release JES2 NJE/NJI networking (which couldn't meet the unbundling pricing even at $1200/month, even tho most of the code originally came from HASP and carried "TUCC" in cols 68-71 for the univ. where it was original done) ... the POK forces were also heavily lobbying corporate to kill VM370 product (follow-on to CP67) and attempts to release VNET/RSCS (used later for BITNET) were being blocked. The JES2 group came up gimmick to announce JES2 networking as a combined product with VNET/RSCS (which met unbundling pricing at $30/month) ... where both NJE/NJI and VNET/RSCS would be priced at $600/month (effectively VNET/RSCS revenue subsidizing NJE/NJI).
23jun69 unbundling announce posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
bitnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
HASP, JES, NJE/NJI, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#hasp
Roll forward to AIXv3 and RS/6000 ... there were hundreds of people implementing IBM added value for UNIX. The folklore is that for financial reasons, the AIX software group was moved into the same organization as OS2 (so their financials, revenue & overhead/costs, were combined into single reporting budget).
as undergraduate, when CP67 release 1 was installed at univ (3rd after cambridge itself, and MIT Lincoln labs), I implemented dynamic adaptive resource management (replacing existing scheduler). Later in the early 80s when I started doing some work on Unix ... the UNIX scheduler scheduler appeared quite similar to CP67 release 1 scheduler (somewhat assumed that they might share common history back to CTSS).
other trivia: in the morph of CP67->VM370, lots of features were
dropped or drastically simplified. Then the VM370 members in mainframe
SHARE
https://www.share.org/
... were lobbying that the "wheeler" scheduler be implemented for
VM370 (which eventually happened a decade after I had originally done
it for CP67 at the univ).
dynamic adaptive resource management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Strange chip: Teardown of a vintage IBM token ring controller Date: 24 July 2022 Blog: FacebookStrange chip: Teardown of a vintage IBM token ring controller
AWD workstation division did their own 4mbit token-ring card for the PC/RT. Then for (microchannel) RS/6000, AWD was told they had to only use PS2 microchannel cards. Turns out the communication group had severely (performance) kneecapped PS2 microchannel cards (part of their battle fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computing). The microchannel 16mbit token-ring had lower card throughput than the PC/RT token-ring card (joke was that if RS/6000 was restricted to PS2 microchannel cards, for many things, it wouldn't have any better throughput than PS2/486 machines, lans, displays, disks, etc).
The new research center, Almaden had been heavily provisioned with CAT4 but found that CAT4 10mbit Ethernet had higher aggregate lan throughput than 16mbit token-ring (and lower latency), and $69 10mbit Ethernet cards had higher card throughput than $800 16mbit token-ring cards.
I remember Dallas E&S publishing report of ethernet/token-ring comparison and thinking the only thing they could have been using for ethernet numbers were the early 3mbit prototype before listen before transmit.
Then 1995, "Fast Ethernet" 100mbit, including full-duplex (200mbit/sec
aggregate) and switches
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fast_Ethernet
Then 1999, "gigabit ethernet"
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigabit_Ethernet
token ring, 4mbit 1985, 16mbit 1988
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Token_Ring
We were doing IBM customer executive presentations on 3tier networking, ethernet, and TCP/IP routers in the late 80s and taking all sort of abuse from communication group, SNA & T/R forces. Part of presentation was high speed tcp/ip router with ibm channel interface and 16 ethernet ports with three hundred ethernet cards (AMD Lance chip) @$69, spread across 16 LANs, was much less expensive than 300 $800 16mbit token-ring cards ... each Ethernet LAN having higher aggregate bandwidth than 16mbit token-ring and each ethernet card having much higher throughput than 16mbit token-ring. Furthermore, SNA token-ring didn't have routers, just bridges ... so all 300 T/R shared single LAN bandwidth ... while TCP/IP Ethernet with high-speed router had aggregate bandwidth of 16 ethernet LANs (plus channel interface) ... aka much faster, much cheaper, higher throughput, much better.
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
801, risc, romp, rios, pc/rt, rs/6000, power, power/pc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
some recent posts mention PC/RT 4mbit token-ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#4 What is IBM SNA?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#23 IBM "nine-net"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#20 3270 Trivia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#65 David Boggs, Co-Inventor of Ethernet, Dies at 71
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#39 LANs and IBM Token-Ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#33 IBM 3270 Terminals
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#22 IBM IBU (Independent Business Unit)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#63 1973 Holmdel IBM 370's
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#49 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#2 IBM Lost Opportunities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#70 IBM MYTE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#42 IBM Token-Ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#83 IBM AIX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#87 IBM SNA/VTAM (& HSDT)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#45 Holy wars of the past - how did they turn out?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#9 IBM Kneecapping products
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#139 Half an operating system: The triumph and tragedy of OS/2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#27 PC Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#79 IBM downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#75 IBM downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#72 Token-Ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#66 Token-Ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#54 IBM bureaucracy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#109 IBM Token-Ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#25 LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#103 The (broken) economics of OSS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#28 These Are the Best Companies to Work For in the U.S
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#24 8088 and 68k, where it went wrong
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Strange chip: Teardown of a vintage IBM token ring controller Date: 25 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
trivia: 1988 ACM SIGCOMM had paper on 10mbit ethernet performance, variety of ethernet cards had 8.5mbit throughput and typical aggregate ethernet effective throughput was 8.5mbit. They did do a lan configuration with 30 station with typical distance spread with all 30 machines running low-level device driver loop constantly transmitting minimum size ethernet packets where the aggregate lan effective throughput dropped off to 8mbit/sec (aka both ethernet cards and LANs significantly outperforming 16mbit token-ring cards and LANs)
more trivia: RS/6000 fileserver; For some reason AWD did "SLA", took ESCON specs, tweak it to make it 10% faster transfer (220mbit/sec) and full-duplex ... but since AWD/6000 exclusive, it didn't talk to anything else other than other 6000s. Did find TCP high-speed router vendor with IBM and non-IBM mainframe channel interfaces, T1 (1.5mbit full-duplex) and T3 (43mbit full-duplex) telco interfaces, FDDI (100mbit), and large number of ethernet ports. Eventually talked the vendor into adding SLA interface. Where able to show RS/6000 SLA servers in 3tier network (IBM&non-IBM mainframes, unix servers, clients) running high throughput LAN & WAN configurations.
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
801, risc, romp, rios, pc/rt, rs/6000, power, power/pc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
some past posts mentioning 1988 ACM SIGCOMM ethernet paper
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#84 David Boggs, Co-Inventor of Ethernet, Dies at 71
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#67 David Boggs, Co-Inventor of Ethernet, Dies at 71
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#50 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#45 Holy wars of the past - how did they turn out?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#17 IBM Kneecapping products
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#109 IBM Token-Ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#18 THE IBM PC THAT BROKE IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#29 ARM Cortex A53 64 bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#28 ARM Cortex A53 64 bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#41 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#128 How Much Bandwidth do we have?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#30 Voyager 1 just left the solar system using less computing powerthan your iP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#18 Voyager 1 just left the solar system using less computing powerthan your iP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#32 Ethernet at 40: Its daddy reveals its turbulent youth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004e.html#17 were dumb terminals actually so dumb???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003p.html#13 packetloss bad for sliding window protocol ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#39 Ethernet efficiency (was Re: Ms employees begging for food)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#84 David Boggs, Co-Inventor of Ethernet, Dies at 71
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#67 David Boggs, Co-Inventor of Ethernet, Dies at 71
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#50 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#45 Holy wars of the past - how did they turn out?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#17 IBM Kneecapping products
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#109 IBM Token-Ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#18 THE IBM PC THAT BROKE IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#29 ARM Cortex A53 64 bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#28 ARM Cortex A53 64 bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#41 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#128 How Much Bandwidth do we have?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#30 Voyager 1 just left the solar system using less computing powerthan your iP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#18 Voyager 1 just left the solar system using less computing powerthan your iP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#32 Ethernet at 40: Its daddy reveals its turbulent youth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004e.html#17 were dumb terminals actually so dumb???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003p.html#13 packetloss bad for sliding window protocol ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000f.html#39 Ethernet efficiency (was Re: Ms employees begging for food)
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IETF TCP/IP versus ISO OSI Date: 25 July 2022 Blog: FacebookAt Interop '88 there were several OSI booths on the conference floor. Some gov. agency had declared GOSIP as required standard and internetworking protocol to be eliminated.
I was also on XTP technical advisory board and there were some number of gov. agencies that wanted to use it ... so XTP (as "HSP") was taken to US ANSI X3S3.3 (ISO US standards chartered for OSI level 3&4 protocols) for standardization. They eventually rejected claiming ISO charter required that their work had to be standards that conform to the OSI model. XTP didn't conform because 1) it went directly from level 4 to MAC LAN interface (bypassing level 4/3 interface) which sits somewhere in the middle of level 3 and doesn't exist in OSI model and 2) it supported internetworking protocol which doesn't exist in OSI model.
Somewhat later, somebody like to point out that IETF required at least two interoperable implementations before progressing to standard ... while ISO didn't even require a standard be implementable.
interop88 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#interop88
xtp/hsp posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
some past posts specifically mentioning GOSIP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#88 IBM and Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#72 IBM Research, Adtech, Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#55 SHARE (& GUIDE)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#20 The Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#13 The Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#86 5 milestones that created the internet, 50 years after the first network message
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#74 21 random but totally appropriate ways to celebrate the World Wide Web's 30th birthday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#3 Network names
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#33 How DARPA, The Secretive Agency That Invented The Internet, Is Working To Reinvent It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#86 IBM Train Wreck Continues Ahead of Earnings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#14 The Geniuses that Anticipated the Idea of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#11 The Geniuses that Anticipated the Idea of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#35 The Pentagon still uses computer software from 1958 to manage its contracts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#99 The Internet started in the US, then it was privatized
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#13 The SDS 92, its place in history?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#85 The End of the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#102 How the IETF plans to protect the web from NSA snooping
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#47 Resistance to Java
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#3 We need to talk about TED
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013o.html#90 We're About to Lose Net Neutrality -- And the Internet as We Know It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#27 SNA vs TCP/IP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#65 OSI: The Internet That Wasn't
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#64 OSI: The Internet That Wasn't
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#5 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#4 Gordon Crovitz: Who Really Invented the Internet?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#89 Defense acquisitions are broken and no one cares
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#16 IBM cuts more than 1,000 U.S. Workers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#41 Where are all the old tech workers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#8 The PC industry is heading for collapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#91 The PC industry is heading for collapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#89 The PC industry is heading for collapse
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#63 ARPANET's coming out party: when the Internet first took center stage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#75 Somewhat off-topic: comp-arch.net cloned, possibly hacked
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#46 Is the magic and romance killed by Windows (and Linux)?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#36 Early mainframe tcp/ip support (from ibm-main mailing list)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#71 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#17 Rare Apple I computer sells for $216,000 in London
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Price Wars Date: 25 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
"Price Wars" showing how inflation has departed from law of supply/demand and has became financialization and speculators amplifying wild, irrational price fluctuations.
"Price Wars"
https://www.amazon.com/Price-Wars-Commodities-Markets-Chaotic-ebook/dp/B093YSL569/
pg63/loc1030-35:
It didn't take long. In 2010, speculators feared the Federal Reserve's
bond-buying "quantitative easing" programme would cause runaway
inflation. They poured their money into commodities to "hedge" against
the inflation to come. Then, that summer, wildfires raged across
Russian wheat fields. Speculators feared a worldwide shortage, so they
piled into agricultural commodities. Both pushed up commodity prices,
starting a trend—a trend that the trend-following capital was now
poised to amplify, and amplify it did. By December 2010, food prices
had surpassed Yaneer Bar-Yam's tipping point of 210. The Arab Spring
was triggered.
pg63/loc1035-40:
In retrospect, both of these disturbances had little to do with the
real-world fundamentals. The Fed's quantitative easing did not cause
inflation. Nor was there a global shortage of wheat. The Americans had
a bumper crop that year. Just as in 2008, the world had never produced
so much food. The magic of the price system had departed from reality
into its own fictional financial world. No one is more aware of this
than the traders themselves. "I want the fundamentals to win out and
just be a small observer with my position; not determining the prices
so much and the speculators not determining prices so much, but I
think that's hard to see that happening these days," Parker
says. "We're causing a lot of chaotic crashes."
pg189/loc2990-92:
The food-price spike of 2010 and 2011 was one I had already
investigated at the beginning of my journey. Prices were pushed up by
speculators, by those following an upward trend or viral narratives of
Russia's failed harvest and quantitative-easing-driven inflation. I
had traced how these high prices had triggered riots and revolutions
in the Middle East.
pg217/loc3440-45:
Keynes's prescriptions failed because they worked by manipulating
demand: tinkering with government spending to control growth and
inflation. Soaring oil prices was a supply shock imported from foreign
economies over which domestic policymakers had little. That's why
when oil prices declined in 1983, so too did inflation across the
advanced economies simultaneously. Deficits had nothing to do with
it. Indeed, under Ronald Reagan the federal deficit soared and
inflation declined. Yet the notion that deficits create inflation
stuck.
pg235/loc3738-41:
From the Fed-IMF–imposed Third World Debt Crisis of the 1980s through
Greenspan's bubbles and the tumultuous 2010s, the global market maze
was built and rebuilt to protect the very interests powering the
chaos. The paradox of the climate–finance doomsday device
simultaneously exploding and not exploding is the result of this
unequal geography. Yet, as the Covid crisis went on, the new rules did
make a difference.
pg238/loc3778-82:
The system begins by pricing ordinary things that you can touch and
hold and burn and eat and expands to the future prices of those
tangible things, and moves on to the celestial realm where those
intangibles have prices that are bundled, insured, leveraged, shorted
and arbitraged. I heard again and again how this mathematical magic
would produce an orderly world of "peace and harmony." And yet, the
greater this financial order was allowed to grow, the more chaotic the
world became: a world of monsters and apocalyptic horrors.
... snip ...
recent news:
John Oliver on the causes of the US inflation crisis: 'An
unprecedented perfect storm'
https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2022/jul/25/john-oliver-us-inflation-crisis
We Can't Fix Inflation Without Saving Ukraine
https://time.com/6199587/fight-inflation-save-ukraine/
Jerome Powell's Fed Pursues a Painful and Ineffective Inflation Cure
https://www.wsj.com/articles/jerome-powells-fed-pursues-a-painful-and-ineffective-inflation-cure-unemployment-recession-pandemic-paycheck-putin-supply-chain-corporations-larry-summers-interest-rates-11658657627
How the Fed Bond Binge Predictably Stoked Inflation
https://www.cfr.org/blog/how-fed-bond-binge-predictably-stoked-inflation
The Fed's soft landing: Lower inflation with losing jobs and causing a
recession
https://www.npr.org/2022/07/24/1112770581/inflation-recession-soft-landing-rates-jobs-fed
economic mess
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
federal chairs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fed.chairman
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: STL & other San Jose facilities Date: 26 July 2022 Blog: FacebookOriginally to be named Coyote Lab ... IBM convention to name for nearest post office. I was in DC with family spring break and the SanFran professional ladies organization "Coyote" was demonstrating on steps of the capital. The lab name was then quickly changed to "Santa Teresa".
trivia: 1980 STL was bursting at the seams and plans were to move 300 people from IMS group to offsite bldg with dataprocessing back to STL datacenter. They had tried "remote" 3270 (over telco lines), but found the human factors totally unacceptable (compared to channel connected 3270 controllers and my enhanced production operating systems).
I get con'ed into doing channel-extender support to the offsite bldg so they could have channel attached controllers at the offste bldg with no perceptible difference in response. The STL 168s had 3270 (channel attached) controllers across all channels shared with disk controllers. Moving the 3270 controllers offsite with super fast channel interface box to 168 channel, channel busy was enormously reduced (for the same amount of 3270 terminal activity) compared to the 3270 controllers directly 168 channel attached, increasing system throughput by 10-15% (eliminating much of the 3270 channel interference with disk controllers). There was some discussion of configuring all 3270 channel attached controllers for all the STL 168 systems similarly (even though didn't need the channel-extender capability, but the 10-15% in throughput would be welcome). The hardware vendor then tries to get IBM to release my support, but there are some engineers in POK playing with some serial stuff who were afraid that it would make it harder to release their stuff ... and get it veto'ed.
channel extender posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#channel.extender
Not long before leaving IBM had some number of meetings at new "Purchase" bldg ... IBMers said they had got the bldg (originally being built for new Nestle's hdqtrs) for ten cents on the dollar (wasn't quite finished, like the executive walkway from the parking garage)
After leaving IBM (doing the troubles in the early 90s_, was doing lots of stuff with MasterCard ... first with MC executives in Manhatten and then later in the (former IBM) Purchase bldg ... that they claimed they bought for less money than they paid to have all hardware on internal doors replaced (possibly .10 on the dollar of what IBM had paid) ... Gerstner was just looking at raising cash as fast as possible to keep company in business ... also further turning the company into financial engineering company.
IBM buying Purchase & then bought by MasterCard
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#110 IBM & MasterCard
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#3 How an obscure British PC maker invented ARM and changed the world
Gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
my recent long winded post over in linkedin on IBM's long downward slide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
In the early 80s, Los Gatos let me have part of one of the wings,
offices and labs. For some reason got to keep part of it even after
leaving IBM ... recent afc post about ibm unloading a lot of VLSI
(software) tools to industry tool vendors (during downturn and
troubles in early 90s) ... but VLSI industry standard was SUN
workstations ... so had to be ported to SUN ... and I got a contract
with LSG to port VS/PASCAL 50,000 statement app to SUN
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#13
LSG subsequently sold to housing developer and plowed under
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 1963 Timesharing: A Solution to Computer Bottlenecks Date: 26 July 2022 Blog: Facebook1963 Timesharing: A Solution to Computer Bottlenecks
Some of the MIT/7094 CTSS people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System
went to the 5th flr, project mac, and MULTICS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multics
(and folkore, UNIX as a simplified version of MULTICS)
Others went to the 4th flr, IBM Cambridge Science Center, did virtual
machine CP40/CMS (on 360/40 with hardware mods for virtual memory,
morphs into CP67/CMS when 360/67 standard with virtual memory becomes
available, precursor to vm370), online and performance apps, CTSS
RUNOFF redid for CMS as SCRIPT, GML invented at science center in 1969
(and GML tag processing added to SCRIPT, a decade later GML morphs
into ISO SGML and after another decade morphs into HTML at CERN),
networking, etc.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/CMS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversational_Monitor_System
some more CP67/CMS and VM370/CMS history (a little rivalry between 4th
& 5th flrs)
https://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda#VMHist
in the late 60s, there were two science center online timesharing commercial spin-offs. CSC and the commercial spin-offs did lots of work to reduce their overhead ... lots of work on dark-room, automated operations offshift & weekends (not need people present). IBM Rent/lease was based on "system meter" that ran whenever any cpus and/or channels were busy. There were special terminal/line channel programs that would allow channels to stop when no characters were moving ... allowing system meter to stop (but immediately startup whenever there were characters) ... lots of work with analogy with modern large cloud megadatacenters. Trivia: all cpus and channels had to be stopped for at least 400ms before system meter would stop; long after IBM moved from lease/rent to sales, MVS still had 400ms timer event (guaranteeing that system meter would never stop).
after gov. legal action and 23jun1969 unbundling, starting to charge for (application) software, maintenance, SE services, etc ... it gave IBM mainstream hudson valley software significant heart burn. Unbundling required monthly software charge had to cover original development and ongoing development and maintenance ... and several mainstream IBM software operations were enormously bloated and couldn't meet the requirements. At the time science center had 12 people doing cp67/cms for 360/67 ... while the "official" 360/67 tss/360 group had 1,200 people.
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
virtual machine online, timesharing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare
unbundling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle
script, gml, sgml, html posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#sgml
online commercial (virtual machine) time-sharing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The Rachel Maddow Show 7/25/22 Date: 26 July 2022 Blog: FacebookThe Rachel Maddow Show 7/25/22, Trump Latest News
Some more Christian Nationalist
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_nationalism#United_States
https://apnews.com/article/2022-midterm-elections-pennsylvania-religion-nationalism-8bf7a6115725f508a37ef944333bc145
https://time.com/6052051/anti-democratic-threat-christian-nationalism/
other stuff
June1940, Germany had a victory celebration at the NYC Waldorf-Astoria
with major industrialists. Lots of them were there to hear how to do
business with the Nazis
https://www.amazon.com/Man-Called-Intrepid-Incredible-Narrative-ebook/dp/B00V9QVE5O/
somewhat replay of the Nazi celebration, after the war, 5000
industrialists and corporations from across the US had conference at
the Waldorf-Astoria, and in part because they had gotten such a bad
reputation for the depression and supporting Nazis, as part of
attempting to refurbish their horribly corrupt and venal image, they
approved a major propaganda campaign to equate Capitalism with
Christianity.
https://www.amazon.com/One-Nation-Under-God-Corporate-ebook/dp/B00PWX7R56/
Gangsters of Capitalism
https://www.amazon.com/Gangsters-Capitalism-Smedley-Breaking-Americas-ebook/dp/B092T8KT1N/
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality
recent posts mentioning Smedley Butler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#38 Wall Street's Plot to Seize the White House
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#51 Haiti, Smedley Butler, and the Rise of American Empire
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#9 Capitol rioters' tears, remorse don't spare them from jail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#104 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#56 "We are on the way to a right-wing coup:" Milley secured Nuclear Codes, Allayed China fears of Trump Strike
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#54 The Kill Chain
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#37 9/11 and the Saudi Connection. Mounting evidence supports allegations that Saudi Arabia helped fund the 9/11 attacks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#33 Afghanistan's Corruption Was Made in America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#101 The War in Afghanistan Is What Happens When McKinsey Types Run Everything
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#96 The War in Afghanistan Is What Happens When McKinsey Types Run Everything
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#38 $10,000 Invested in Defense Stocks When Afghanistan War Began Now Worth Almost $100,000
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#67 Does America Like Losing Wars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#50 Who Authorized America's Wars? And Why They Never End
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#22 What America Didn't Understand About Its Longest War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#80 After WW2, US Antifa come home
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#21 A People's Guide to the War Industry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#96 How Ike Led
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#91 American Nazis Rally in New York City
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#66 Democracy is a threat to white supremacy--and that is the cause of America's crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#32 Fascism
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Powerless F-35s Date: 27 July 2022 Blog: FacebookPowerless F-35s
Other recent F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#9 China VSLI Foundry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#15 China VSLI Foundry
military-industrial(-congressional) complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
other F-35 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#2 The Bunker: Pentagon Hardware Hijinks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#105 The Bunker: Pentagon Hardware Hijinks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#78 Future F-35 Upgrades Send Program into Tailspin
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#90 Navy confirms video and photo of F-35 that crashed in South China Sea are real
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#95 Finland picks F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#94 Finland picks F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#67 A Mini F-35?: Don't Go Crazy Over the Air Force's Stealth XQ-58A Valkyrie
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#88 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#55 America's 'White Elephant': Why F-35 Stealth Jets Are USAF's 'Achilles Heel' Amid Growing Chinese Threats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#48 The Kill Chain: Defending America in the Future of High-Tech Warfare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#17 In Pursuit of Clarity: the Intellect and Intellectual Integrity of Pierre Sprey
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#16 In Pursuit of Clarity: the Intellect and Intellectual Integrity of Pierre Sprey
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#87 The Bunker: Follow All of the Money. F-35 Math 1.0 Another portent of problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#48 The F-35 Fighter Jet Program Must be Grounded to Protect Pilots and Tax Dollars
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#88 The Bunker: More Rot in the Ranks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#46 SitRep: Is the F-35 officially a failure? Cost overruns, other issues prompt Air Force to look for "clean sheet" fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#35 US Stealth Fighter Jets Like F-35, F-22 Raptors 'No Longer Stealth' In-Front Of New Russian, Chinese Radars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#18 Did They Miss Yet Another F-35 Cost Overrun?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#77 Cancel the F-35, Fund Infrastructure Instead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#0 THE PENTAGON'S FLYING FIASCO. Don't look now, but the F-35 is afterburnered toast
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#82 The F-35 and other Legacies of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#11 Air Force thinking of a new F-16ish fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#8 Air Force thinking of a new F-16ish fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#102 The U.S. Air Force Just Admitted The F-35 Stealth Fighter Has Failed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#100 The U.S. Air Force Just Admitted The F-35 Stealth Fighter Has Failed
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM "nine-net" Date: 27 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
Jan1979 I'm con'ed into doing 4341 benchmarks for national lab looking at getting 70 4341s for compute farm ... sort of leading edge of the coming cluster supercomputing tsunami.
Early 80s, I had HSDT project, T1 and faster computer links (both terrestrial and satellite), also working with NSF director, was suppose to get $20m to interconnect the NSF supercomputing centers ... then congress cuts the budget, some other things happen and then RFP is released (in part based on what we already had running). Internal politics prevent us from bidding. The NSF director tries to help by writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO) with support from other gov. agencies, copying IBM CEO ... but that just makes the internal politics worse.
1988, IBM branch office asks me to help LLNL standardize some fiber stuff they are playing with which quickly becomes fibre channel standard, including some stuff I had done in 1980
1989 start HA/CMP product. It started out as HA/6000 for the NYTimes to migrate their newspaper system (ATEX) from VAXCluster to RS/6000. I rename it HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing) when I start doing technical/scientific cluster scale-up with national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with RDBMS vendors (Informix, Ingres, Oracle, Sybase, incidentally all had VAXcluster support in same source base with unix). Also work with LLNL migrating their supercomputer filesystem to HA/CMP also working with Unitree committee and General Atomics.
End of Oct91, the senior IBM executive supporting IBM Kingston (traditional) supercomputer design effort (and providing funding to Steve Chen), retired and there is audit of all his projects. After that they announce a internal supercomputer conference for Jan92 ... basically trolling the company for supercomputer technology.
Jan1992 meeting in ellison's conference room about (commerical) cluster HA/CMP scale-up (16-way cluster mid92, 128-way cluster ye92)
Within a few weeeks of the Ellison meeting, HA/CMP scale-up is transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer, and we are told we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors, we leave IBM a few months later
Computerworld news 17feb1992 (from wayback machine) ... IBM establishes
laboratory to develop parallel systems (pg8)
https://archive.org/details/sim_computerworld_1992-02-17_26_7
920217 IBM press, supercomputer for scientific and technical "ONLY"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1
920511 IBM press, "national lab interest in cluster supercomputing
caught IBM by surprise" (even though I had been working with them
off&on since Jan1979).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters2
Trivia: some of the same executives involved in preventing us from bidding on NSFNET were also involved in transfer of cluster scale-up for announce as IBM supercomputer.
HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet
FICON posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon
801, risc, romp, rios, pc/rt, rs/6000, power, power/pc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
HACMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM "nine-net" Date: 28 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
There is a path to replace TCP in the datacenter. Forty years in, a
protocol that's over the hill and under the gun, at least for the
majors
https://www.theregister.com/2022/07/27/replace_tcp_datacenter/
above mentions that it is now 40yrs later. I was on XTP technical advisory board, 5yrs after 1jan1983 cutover to internetworking protocol.
... TCP has minimum 7 packet exchange ... XTP had minimum 3 packet exchange for "reliable transmission", dynamic adaptive rate-based pacing (congestion control), efficient close w/o the FINWAIT list problem, etc. This was 1988, five years after 1jan1983 change to internetworking protocol. When I was working with NETSCAPE, tried to interest them in XTP, rather than TCP (and it significant problems used for simple HTTP/HTTPS simple exchange).
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
XTP/HSP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp
netscape, electronic commerce, payment network gateway
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#gateway
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Power: The Servers that Apple Should Have Created Date: 29 July 2022 Blog: LinkedInIBM Power: The Servers that Apple Should Have Created
The last product we did at IBM was HA/CMP. Started out as HA/6000 for
the NYTimes so they could migrate their newspaper system (ATEX) from
VAXcluster to RS/6000. I rename it HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing) when I start doing
technical/scientific cluster scale-up with the national labs and
commercial cluster scale-up with major RDBMS vendors (Informix, Ingres,
Oracle, Sybase), who had VAXcluster support in same source base as
UNIX ... some amount of work to ease the transition from VAXcluster to
HA/CMP.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_High_Availability_Cluster_Multiprocessing
The executive we reported to, then moved over to head up "somerset"
... the joint AIM (Apple, IBM, Motorola) effort for (single chip)
Power/PC.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM_alliance
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AIM_alliance#Launch
and Apple then moves from Motorola 68K to Power/PC. Later Apple moves from Power/PC to Intel (press claiming that IBM wasn't keeping Power/PC up with computing power efficiency, especially for battery powered applications).
The large cloud operators have been claiming for a couple decades that they assemble their own servers for 1/3rd the price of brand name servers. They have so reduced the cost of servers (along with enormous automation) that power&cooling have increasingly become the major expense in their megadatacenters. As a result major cloud operators have increasingly put pressure on the server chip vendors to increasingly optimize computing power efficiency, this included tweaking server chip designs for special fab runs. The large cloud operators have also played with ARM chips (specifically designed for battery powered computing power efficiency) for megadatacenters.
Apple more recently done their own custom M1 ARM chips to address computing power efficiency (not just for battery-oriented computing ... but increasingly important for the large megadatacenter operations that have come to dominate the server business).
Note: IBM sold off its I86 server business not long after server chip vendors press said that they were shipping at least half their product directly to the large cloud megadatacenters.
Trivia: An IBM senior corporate executive retires end of Oct91. Then there is revue of projects he was supporting, including the IBM Kingston supercomputer (traditional design) in IBM Kingston (also providing funding for Steve Chen). After the revue, there is an internal IBM supercomputer conference scheduled for Jan92 (basically trolling the company for supercomputer technology). We have meeting with Oracle CEO on cluster scale-up Jan92 (16-way mid92, 128-way ye92) ... but within a few weeks, cluster scale-up is transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer (for technical/scientific *ONLY*) and we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors. We leave IBM a few months later.
some IBM press:
Computerworld news 17feb1992 (from wayback machine) ... IBM establishes
laboratory to develop parallel systems (pg8)
https://archive.org/details/sim_computerworld_1992-02-17_26_7
920217 IBM press, supercomputer for scientific and technical "ONLY"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters1
920511 IBM press, "national lab interest in cluster supercomputing
caught IBM by surprise" (even though I had been working with them
off&on since Jan1979).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#6000clusters2
Jan1979, I con'ed into doing benchmarks for national lab looking at getting 70 IBM 4341s for compute farm ... sort of leading edge of coming cluster supercomputing tsunami.
some related recent posts
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mainframe-channel-io-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
a couple recent posts mentioning apple m1/arm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#1 How an obscure British PC maker invented ARM and changed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#36 Cloud computing's destiny
ha/cmp posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
801/risc, romp, rios, pc/rt, rs/6000, power, power/pc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
megadatacenter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Power: The Servers that Apple Should Have Created Date: 29 July 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
I would claim that John did 801/RISC as single processor only (back to
mid-70s) ... gaining simplification by not having to support processor
cache coherency protocols (romp, rios, etc). I've also suggested that
Motorola provided the cache coherency protocols for power/pc (enabling
multiprocessors) from their Motorola RISC 88K
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorola_88000
I've also claimed that John did the 801/RISC simplification as counter
to the enormous complexity from the failed Future System effort
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm
as well as the enormous performance/throughput penalty that POK
multiprocessors implemented 370 processor cache coherency.
Same time that I was doing HA/CMP, I had been brought into SCI effort
... significantly improved cache consistency. Sequent & datageneral
did 256 i86 multiprocessor using SCI. Convex did 128 SNAKE (HP risc)
multiprocessor (Convex later bought by HP). SGI also used SCI for
multiprocessor.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Coherent_Interface
After leaving IBM I did some consulting for Steve Chen (responsible for Cray YMP, then started supercomputer company, in part funded by IBM), at the time Sequent CTO. This was before IBM bought/shutdown Sequent
801/risc, iliad, romp, risc, pc/rt, rs/6000, power, power/pc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
SMP multiprocessor &/or compare&swap posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Power: The Servers that Apple Should Have Created Date: 29 July 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
SMP trivia: compare&swap instruction was invented by charlie working on CP/67 kernel multiprocessor fine-grain locking at the science center (compare&swap chosen because "CAS" charlie's initials). The initial attempt to get compare&swap added to 370 was rebuffed because the POK favorite son operating system (MVT, MP65) claimed test&set was adequate.
The 370 architecture owners claimed to justify compare&swap, additional uses were needed (other than kernel multiprocessing locking). Thus were born the examples for large multithreaded applications (whether they ran on single or multiprocessor hardware). In the morph of CP67->VM370, lots of stuff was dropped or greatly simplified (including multiprocessor support and lots of stuff I had done as undergraduate in the 60s).
One of my hobbies after joining IBM was enhanced production operating
systems for internal datacenters. I eventually start migrating CP67
stuff "back" into VM370 release 2 for R2-based CSC/VM ... some old
email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430
The US datacenters for (world-wide) online sales & marketing support HONE systems were consolidated in Palo Alto in the mid-70s (trivia: when facebook 1st moved into silicon valley, it was into a new bldg built next door to the old US HONE datacenter). Large disk farm and VM370 expanded to eight large POK systems in single-system image, cluster, loosely-coupled operation (all 3330 disks connect to pair of 3830 controllers with string switch, and all 3830 controllers with four channel interface, each 3330 disk connecttivity to eight channels/systems) with load-balancing and fall-over (IBM didn't ship SSI to customers until 30yrs later). Then I initially migrated CP67 multiprocessor support to R3-based CSC/VM, initial for HONE so they could add a 2nd processor to each system.
CAS trivia: In the 80s, lots of platforms implemented instructions with CAS semantics ... and most DBMS vendors support for CAS semantics (much more efficient than kernel calls). RS/6000 didn't have CAS instruction which put it at throughput disadvantage in RDBMS benchmarks. Eventually AIX ships support for CAS simulator in SVC first-level interrupt handler with immediate return (not quite as fast as real hardware instruction, but much faster than standard unix kernel call).
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm
SMP multiprocessor &/or compare&swap posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
original SQL/relational implementation, System/R
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The Rachel Maddow Show 7/25/22 Date: 29 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
Where Justice Alito and Rep. Greene overlap on religious liberty
https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/2022/07/29/where-justice-alito-rep-greene-overlap-religious-liberty/
Alito's legalistic defense of religion in the United States shares
common roots with Greene's call for "Christian nationalism."
... snip ...
The backlash to Christianity: Republicans are now panicked --
but they only have themselves to blame. It's not lack of school prayer
causing people to abandon faith, it's that Christianity has become a
toxic religion
https://www.salon.com/2022/07/29/the-backlash-to-christianity-are-now-panicked--but-they-only-have-themselves-to/
Christian nationalism is thriving: Where is the religious left?
https://thehill.com/opinion/campaign/3516307-christian-nationalism-is-thriving-where-is-the-religious-left/
Marjorie Taylor Greene downplays speaking at a conference founded by white nationalist
https://www.cbsnews.com/news/marjorie-taylor-greene-cpac-nick-fuentes-afpac-white-nationalist/
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks Date: 30 July 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
also Gen. James Mattis, USMC (ret.) "wild ducks::
"Take the mavericks in your service, the ones that wear rumpled
uniforms and look like a bag of mud but whose ideas are so offsetting
that they actually upset the people in the bureaucracy. One of your
primary jobs is to take the risk and protect these people, because if
they are not nurtured in your service, the enemy will bring their
contrary ideas to you."
... ship ...
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM "nine-net" Date: 30 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
i was at the acm sigmod conference in the very early 90s and somebody asked what was this x.500/x.509 stuff that was happening in ISO and somebody else explained that it was a bunch of networking engineers attempting to reinvent 1960s era database technology.
I had responsibility for webservers to financial industry payment networks implementation at netscape. I was forced to use public keys in x.509 format because that was the standard crypto library requirement ... but didn't otherwise follow any x.509 conventions (standard payment network transaction is 60bytes, x.509 conventions would have added 4k-10k bytes (100 times bloat) ... also one of the reasons I tried to talk them into XTP. I could only make recommendations on the browser/webserver (for SSL) side.
electronic commerce gateway to payment networks posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#gateway
xtp/hsp posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#xtphsp
Postel sponsors my talk on "why internet isn't business critical dataprocessing" based on all the compensating documentation, procedures, code that I had to do for electronic commerce.
I was on panel at NIST 1998 NISSC, ballroom standing room only, I
think everybody else on the stage, were CTOs at PKI companies
http://csrc.nist.gov/nissc/1998/index.html
1999 was brought into Cal. legislature to help wordsmith the Cal. electronic signature bill, PKI/x.509 companies were heavily lobbying to mandate (commercial) x.509 certificates (they were circulating business cases on wallstreet, $100/year for every person in the country, >$20B/annum) ... didn't happen.
electronic signature posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#signature
certificate manufacturing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#manufacture
certificate-less operation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#certless
SSL domain name server certificates
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subpubkey.html#sslcerts
posts mentioning ACM SIGMOD conference and x.500/x.509
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#79 Is it a lost cause?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#70 How internet can evolve
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012i.html#73 Operating System, what is it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008q.html#67 Certificates turn 30, X.509 turns 20, no-one notices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007h.html#20 sizeof() was: The Perfect Computer - 36 bits?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005t.html#0 TTP and KCM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005j.html#18 Repository for digital certificates
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005e.html#40 xml-security vs. native security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm27.htm#25 Why self describing data formats:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm21.htm#29 X.509 / PKI, PGP, and IBE Secure Email Technologies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aadsm16.htm#21 Ousourced Trust (was Re: Difference between TCPA-Hardware and a smart card and something else before
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay10.htm#77 Invisible Ink, E-signatures slow to broadly catch on (addenda)
posts mentioning postel sponsoring my talk on business critical
dataprocessing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#105 FedEx to Stop Using Mainframes, Close All Data Centers By 2024
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#28 IBM "nine-net"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#14 IBM z16: Built to Build the Future of Your Business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#108 Attackers exploit fundamental flaw in the web's security to steal $2 million in cryptocurrency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#68 ARPANET pioneer Jack Haverty says the internet was never finished
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#38 Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#129 Dataprocessing Career
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#128 The Network Nation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#87 IBM and Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#57 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#55 ESnet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#42 IBM Business School Cases
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#10 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#83 IBM Internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#72 IBM Research, Adtech, Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#24 NOW the web is 30 years old: When Tim Berners-Lee switched on the first World Wide Web server
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#74 WEB Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#7 IBM100 - Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#16 The Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#68 Online History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#113 Internet and Business Critical Dataprocessing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#25 Are we all now dinosaurs, out of place and out of time?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#60 1970s school compsci curriculum--what would you do?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#42 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#31 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#14 Mainframe Networking problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#100 Jean Sammet, Co-Designer of a Pioneering Computer Language, Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#75 11May1992 (25 years ago) press on cluster scale-up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#70 Domain Name System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#14 The Geniuses that Anticipated the Idea of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#11 The Geniuses that Anticipated the Idea of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#92 Old hardware
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#4 OODA in IT Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#10 The real story of how the Internet became so vulnerable
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#65 IBM100 - Rise of the Internet
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Vintage Computing Date: 30 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
trivia: 1974 CERN presented at share a comparison they did of CMS & TSO that was freely available ... however copies inside IBM were stamped "IBM Confidential - Restricted" ... 2nd highest IBM security classification ... basically only available on "need to know" basis .... because it conflicted with the "official" IBM position about TSO (minimize the analysis to IBM employees)
other SHARE trivia (I was at the performance)
http://www.mxg.com/thebuttonman/boney.asp
from glossary
$4K - MVS was the first operating system for which the IBM Salesman
got a $4000 bonus if he/she could convince their customer to install
VS 2.2 circa 1975. IBM was really pissed off that this fact became
known thru this
... snip ...
from elsewhere about IBM bloat, 23jun1969 unbundling announcement and starting to charge for software, at the time that the official 360/67 TSS/360 had 1200 people, CP67/CMS had 12 people.
23jun1969 unbundling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundle
some posts mentioning 1974 cern cms/tso analysis &/or
boney fingers performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#97 MVS support
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#60 VM/370 Turns 50 2Aug2022
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#122 SHARE LSRAD Report
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#97 MVS support
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#122 SHARE LSRAD Report
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#81 IBM Fridays
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#25 IBM Acronyms
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#92 MVS Boney Fingers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#13 Do we really need 64-bit addresses or is 48-bit enough?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#93 Original Thinking Is Hard, Where Good Ideas Come From
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#10 25 reasons why hardware is still hot at IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#34 PDP-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006d.html#38 Fw: Tax chooses dead language - Austalia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004c.html#26 Moribund TSO/E
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001n.html#37 Hercules etc. IBM not just missing a great opportunity...
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#20 mainframe question
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Sarbanes-Oxley Act Date: 30 July 2022 Blog: FacebookJan1999, I was asked to help try and prevent the coming economic mess (we failed). I was told some investment bankers had walked away "clean" from S&L Crisis, were then doing Internet IPO mills (invest a few million, hype, IPO for a couple billion, needed to fail to leave the field clear for the next round). Jan2009, I was asked to WEB'ize the Pecora hearings (30s congressional hearings into the '29crash) with lots of internal HREFs and URLs between what happened then and what happened this time (comments that the new congress might have appetite to do something). I work on it for awhile and then get a call saying it won't be needed after all (references to capital hill was buried under enormous mountains of wallstreet cash).
Along the way was SOX, rhetoric in congress was that Sarbanes-Oxley
would prevent future ENRONs and guarantee that executives and auditors
did jailtime ... however it required SEC to do something. Possibly
because GAO didn't believe SEC was doing anything, GAO started doing
reports of fraudulent financial filings, even showing they increased
after SOX went into effect (and nobody doing jailtime). Joke was that
SOX was done as a gift to the audit industry, because congress felt
badly that one of the "big five" went out of business. GAO references:
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-03-138
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-678
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-1053R
The other comment was possibly the only useful thing in SOX was about whistleblowers at the end. In the congressional Madoff hearings, the person that tried unsuccessfully for a decade to get SEC to do something about Madoff, pointed out that tips/whistle blowing has turned up 13 times more fraud than audits. Trivia: SEC's hands were forced when Madoff turned himself in (gossip he was looking for gov. protection after defrauded some shady? customers).
2004, I was invited to EU conference of exchange presidents and corporation CEOs on SOX audits starting to infect EU.
SOX claimed all sorts of things, but it still required SEC to enforce
it. Note that when chairwoman of CFTC wanted to regulate derivatives
(used by ENRON and others, also used during the economic mess), she
was replaced by the wife of the head of senate banking committee
... until he got law passed blocking derivative regulation ... she
then resigns and joins the ENRON board and its audit committee. He is
#2 on times list responsible for the economic mess for preventing
derivative regulation (although better known now for repeal of
Glass-Steagall).
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877330,00.html
economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
Pecora hearings &/or glass steagall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall
S&L crisis posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#s&l.crisis
Sarbanes-Oxley posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
ENRON Posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#enron
fraudulent financial reporting posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fraudulent.financial.filings
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
Madoff posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
whistleblower posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Death By Powerpoint Date: 31 July 2022 Blog: FacebookI was introduced to John Boyd in the early 80s and use to sponsor his (all day) briefings at IBM (overhead "foils"). In 89/90, the commandant of the marine corps leverages Boyd for a make-over of the corps (at a time when IBM was desperately in need of make-over, 1992 IBM has one of the largest losses in history of US companies and was being reorganized into the 13 "baby blues" in preparation for breaking up the company) and there have continued to be Boyd conferences in Quantico at Marine Corps Univ (& powerpoint is banned). This is from post I did last decade on the subject:
Universities should ban PowerPoint -- It makes students stupid and
professors boring
https://www.businessinsider.com/universities-should-ban-powerpoint-it-makes-students-stupid-and-professors-boring-2015-6
this from 2006 (death by powerpoint)
http://armsandinfluence.typepad.com/armsandinfluence/2006/08/death_by_powerp.html
over last decade or two there has had ongoing discussions about how
bad powerpoint is in the military ... especially prepared/static
nature (including flowcharting static enemy encounters)
http://smallwarsjournal.com/jrnl/art/how-powerpoint-stifles-understanding-creativity-and-innovation-within-your-organization
http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/dilbert-leads-the-coin-fight
http://smallwarsjournal.com/blog/wired-magazine-microsoft-helps-the-army-avoid-death-by-powerpoint
last couple years there has been periodic conference directives
banning powerpoint presentations
https://www.forbes.com/sites/work-in-progress/2014/11/14/six-ways-to-avoid-death-by-powerpoint/#542bd52a64d4
Call Sign Chaos
https://www.amazon.com/Call-Sign-Chaos-Learning-Lead-ebook/dp/B07SBRFVNH/
pg216/loc3041-43:
PowerPoint is the scourge of critical thinking. It encourages
fragmented logic by the briefer and passivity in the listener. Only a
verbal narrative that logically connects a succinct problem statement
using rational thinking can develop sound solutions. PowerPoint is
excellent when displaying data; but it makes us stupid when applied to
critical thinking.
... snip ...
past posts that mention powerpoint
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#45 POK 370 Multiprocessor Machines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#44 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#43 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#42 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#41 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#15 Death by Powerpoint
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#74 Raspberry Pi 3?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#72 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#36 End of vacuum tubes in computers?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#5 Demonstrating Moore's law
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#42 Senator urges DoD: Do better job defending F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#22 Multiple Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#20 Multiple Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#3 Multiple Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#47 GML
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#41 Unix systems and Serialization mechanism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#20 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#19 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010i.html#32 Death by Powerpoint
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#64 another item related to ASCII vs. EBCDIC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#22 Encryption for Powerpoint?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/aepay4.htm#3dssl VISA 3D-SSL
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What's something from the early days of the Internet which younger generations may not know about? Date: 31 July 2022 Blog: FacebookWhat's something from the early days of the Internet which younger generations may not know about?
Co-worker at cambridge science center responsible for the internal
corporate network, larger than arpanet/internet from just about the
beginning ... technology also used for the corporate sponsored
univ. BITNET (also larger than arpanet/internet for a time).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BITNET
At the 1jan1983 change over to internetworking protocol, there were
approx. 100 IMPS and 255 hosts, when the internal corporate network
was rapidly approaching 1000 ... old archived post with list of
corporate locations that added one or more network nodes during 1983
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#8
one of the things holding back pre-internetworking was IMPS requiring gov. approval. Sort of the corporate network equivalent was requirement that all links be encrypted ... which was especially troublesome when links crossing national boundaries (and might require multiple gov approval).
In Aug1976, Tymshare
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tymshare
started providing their CMS-based online computer conferencing system
free to user group SHARE
https://www.share.org/
via TYMNET
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tymnet
as VMSHARE, archives here
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare
In the late 70s and early 80s, I was blamed for online computer conferencing on the internal network ... it really took off spring of 1981 after I distributed a trip report of vist to Jim Gray at Tandem. Only about 300 directly participated but claims upwords of 25,000 were reading. Folklore is that when corporate executive committee was told, 5of6 wanted to fire me.
In the early 80s, I had HSDT project with T1 and faster computer links
(both terrestrial and satellite, I could find T1 encryptors, really
expensive, but faster ones were problem); was working with NSF
director and was suppose to get $20M to interconnect the NSF
supercomputer centers. Then congress cuts the budget, some other
things happen and eventually an RFP is released, Preliminary
announcement (28Mar1986)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#12
The OASC has initiated three programs: The Supercomputer Centers
Program to provide Supercomputer cycles; the New Technologies Program
to foster new supercomputer software and hardware developments; and
the Networking Program to build a National Supercomputer Access
Network - NSFnet.
... snip ...
IBM internal politics not allowing us to bid (blamed for online
computer conferencing likely contributed). The NSF director tried to
help by writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO) with support from other gov. agencies ... but that just made the internal politics worse (as
did claims that what we already had operational was at least 5yrs
ahead of the winning bid, RFP awarded 24Nov87), as regional networks connect in, it becomes
the NSFNET backbone, precursor to modern internet
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/
Note: first US webserver was VM370 at SLAC:
https://ahro.slac.stanford.edu/wwwslac-exhibit
https://ahro.slac.stanford.edu/wwwslac-exhibit/early-web-chronology-and-documents-1991-1994
trivia: SLAC was long time host for the monthly "BAYBUNCH" user group meetings.
We transfer from cambridge out to san jose research in 1977, then he
transfers to san diego. SJMN article about Edson (he passed aug2020)
and "IBM'S MISSED OPPORTUNITY WITH THE INTERNET" (gone behind paywall
but lives free at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20000124004147/http://www1.sjmercury.com/svtech/columns/gillmor/docs/dg092499.htm
also wayback machine, some additional references from Ed's website
https://web.archive.org/web/20000115185349/http://www.edh.net/bungle.htm
Wiki entry
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edson_Hendricks
Science Center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
online computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What's something from the early days of the Internet which younger generations may not know about? Date: 31 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
topic drift, corporate sponsored univ. BITNET. Co-worker at science center responsible for VNET/RSCS, cleanly layered architecture and majority of the nodes. They then wanted to connect in MVS/JES2 using NJI. NJI came from HASP and use to carry "TUCC" in cols68-71 from the installation that originally developed it. NJI wasn't cleanly layered and NJI fields were intermixed with job control fields ... and files between MVS/JES2 at different release levels would frequently crash the receiving MVS system.
The original implementation defined network nodes in empty slots in the 255 entry HASP/JES pseudo device table ... usually around 160-180 available slots (traffic with origin and/or destination nodes not in local table, would be trashed). This was problem for internal network since it was quickly over 200 nodes (heading for 1000+).
As a result, MVS/JES systems were regulated to edge nodes, behind special VNET/RSCS protection nodes. The clean VNET/RSCS implementation allowed device drivers that simulated NJI ... and the "protection" nodes had special NJI drivers that would careful make sure that the NJI fields were compatible with the receiving MVS/JES system (as countermeasures to MVS system crashes).
JES/NJI also had round-trip limits that blocked uses with satellite links. There was an infamous case that was deploying double hop satellite link between STL on the west coast and Hursley in England (double hop, stl, satellite, east coast, satellite, hursley). everything worked fine between two VNET/RSCS systems ... then person in-charge insisted on trying between two MVS/JES systems ... and wouldn't work. The person in-charge concluded that VNET/RSCS was too stupid to know the link wasn't working (rather than round-trip was longer than MVS/JES fixed timeout).
There was also case where Hursley MVS systems started crashing receiving traffic from San Jose ... and the Hursley VNET/RSCS systems were blamed. It turns out that San Jose had installed some (modified?, pre-release?) JES system with some NJI&JCL fields reordered ... and the Hursley VNET/RSCS NJI drivers hadn't been updated to "fix" the modified ordering.
Somehow, eventually (corporate? marketing?, communication group?) IBM stopped shipping the VNET/RSCS native drivers for the product ... only shipping NJI drivers ... although the internal network continued use the RSCS/VNET native drivers since they had much higher throughput.
bitnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
HASP, JES, NJE/NJI, etc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#hasp
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Sarbanes-Oxley Act Date: 31 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
SEC Enriches Fraudsters, Lawyers as Secrecy Shrouds Tips Program
https://news.bloomberglaw.com/securities-law/sec-enriches-fraudsters-lawyers-as-secrecy-shrouds-tips-program
An SEC whistleblower program designed to prevent another Bernie
Madoff-type scandal often ignores its own rules, shields much of its
work from the public, and has been a financial boon for law firms that
hired former agency officials, a Bloomberg Law investigation has
found.
.... snip ...
whistleblower posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
Madoff posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
Sarbanes-Oxley posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What's something from the early days of the Internet which younger generations may not know about? Date: 31 July 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
other drift, as undergraduate, within year after taking 2hr intro to fortran/computers, univ. hires me fulltime responsible for os/360 (360/65, had been sold 360/67 for tss/360, but never came to production so ran as 360/65). univ. shutdown datacenter on weekends and I would have whole place to myself, although 48hrs w/o sleep made monday classes hard. Then science center came out and installed cp67 (3rd after csc itself and MIT lincol labs) and mostly I would play with it on my dedicated weekend time. CP67 had 1052 & 2741 support and automagic terminal recognition (using terminal controller "SAD" CCW to switch line scanner type). Univ. had some TTY terminals, so I added ascii/tty support (extending automatic terminal recognition to ascii/tty) which IBM picked up and shipped (along with lots of my other stuff).
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
I then tried to have single dialup number
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_hunting
didn't quite work since IBM had taken controller short cut and hard
wired line speed for each port.
Thus was born the univ project to build our own clone controller
... building channel interface board for Interdata/3 programmed to
emulate the IBM controller with the addition of supporting automatic
line speed. Later it was enhanced with Interdata/4 for the channel
interface and cluster of Interdata/3s for the port
interfaces. Interdata (and later Perkin/Elmer) sell it commercially as
IBM clone controller. Four of us at the univ. get written up
responsible for (some part of the) clone controller business.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interdata
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkin-Elmer
I had terminals in my office ... but didn't get terminal (2741) at home until Mar70 ... along with wooden box modem (put in handset and close lid). Home 2741 was eventually replaced in 1977 with 300 baud ascii cdi-miniterm (looked like TI silent 700) ... which was fairly quickly followed with (1200 baud) "glass" teletype and then IBM/PC with corporate hayes compatible 2400 baud that had encryption option.
360 clone controllers ("plug compatible")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: MVS Date: 01 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookSHARE
... trivia, i was at the performance
recent posts mentioning "Boney Fingers"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#34 Vintage Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#97 MVS support
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#122 SHARE LSRAD Report
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#81 IBM Fridays
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#25 IBM Acronyms
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#92 MVS Boney Fingers
other trivia, a decade ago, I was asked to track down the decision to
make virtual memory standard for all 370s. I found an assistant to the
executive making the decision. Basically the problem was MVT storage
management was so bad that a typical 1mbyte 370/165 could only have
four regions, insufficient to keep the machine busy and justified.
Going to 16mbyte virtual memory (VS2, initially SVS, very much like
running MVT in 16mbyte CP67 virtual machine) would allow the
number of regions to be increased by factor of four times with little
or no paging. old archived post with pieces of the email discussion:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73
Biggest piece of code for MVT->SVS was EXCP/SVC0 building copies of channel programs with real addresses (in place of the virtual addresses passed by the caller). Ludlow was doing initial prototype on 360/67 ... and borrowed CP67 CCWTRANS (that performed the same function for virtual machine channel programs) to craft into EXCP processing.
recent posts referencing making all 370s virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#7 Vintage Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#91 Enhanced Production Operating Systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#54 Channel Program I/O Processing Efficiency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#42 WATFOR and CICS were both addressing some of the same OS/360 problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#97 MVS support
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#93 Operating System File/Dataset I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#61 IBM 360/50 Simulation From Its Microcode
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#55 CMS OS/360 Simulation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#51 IBM Spooling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#20 COMPUTER HISTORY: REMEMBERING THE IBM SYSTEM/360 MAINFRAME, its Origin and Technology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#18 Computer Server Market
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#72 IBM Mainframe market was Re: Approximate reciprocals
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#50 IBM 3033 Personal Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#2 IBM 2250 Graphics Display
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#92 Computer BUNCH
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#76 Link FEC and Encryption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#51 IBM History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#89 165/168/3033 & 370 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#74 165/168/3033 & 370 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#73 MVT storage management issues
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#70 165/168/3033 & 370 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#58 Computer Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#31 370/195
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#10 360/65, 360/67, 360/75
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#106 IBM Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#1 PCP, MFT, MVT OS/360, VS1, & VS2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#82 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#77 IBM 370 and Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#66 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#23 fast sort/merge, OoO S/360 descendants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#70 IBM Research, Adtech, Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#48 Dynamic Adaptive Resource Management
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#70 the wonders of SABRE, was Magnetic Drum reservations 1952
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#43 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#39 iBM System/3 FORTRAN for engineering/science work?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#25 Execute and IBM history, not Sequencer vs microcode
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#6 IBM 370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#32 Univac 90/30 DIAG instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#53 IMS Stories
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#39 IBM 370/155
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#38 Some CP67, Future System and other history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#2 Colours on screen (mainframe history question)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#63 Early Computer Use
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#59 370 Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#121 Virtualization
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Bureaucrats Date: 01 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookEarly 80s I wrote "speak up" saying I was drastically underpaid with supporting documents. I got written response from head of HR saying after I detailed review of my whole career, I was being paid exactly what I was suppose to. I then took copy of original, written response, and wrote cover that I was being asked to interview soon to be graduates for a new group that would work under my technical direction and their starting offers was 30% more than I was making. I never got written response, but a few weeks later got a 30% raise (putting me on level playing field with the pending new hires that I was interviewing). One of numerous times, co-workers reminded me that in IBM, business ethics was oxymoron (and document everything in writing). I could really relate to Boyd when he told story about careful planning for Time cover article (see comment in linkedin post).
John Boyd posts & URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
also wild duck/boyd archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
I learned to drive '38 chevy flatbed when I was 8, I didn't get to drive large loaded trucks on hiway until 11 ... also that summer at 4th july (kids don't do this at home), we lit firecrackers in palm of hand to demonstrate how thick the calluses. Worked for local hardware store in high school and periodically loaned out to local contractors ... saved enough to start college freshman year.
Summer after freshman year, was foreman on construction job ... had three nine person crews. Soph year took 2 credit hour intro to fortran/computers and then was hired as student programmer ... univ. would shutdown datacenter on the weekends and I would have the whole place to myself, although 48hrs w/o sleep would make monday classes difficult. Then within a year of taking intro class, was hired fulltime responsible for os/360 (univ was sold 360/67 for tss/360, but never came to production fruition ... so ran as 360/65 with os/360, still had weekend dedicated datacenter). Before I graduate, I'm hired fulltime into small group in the Boeing CFO office to help with the formation of Boeing Computer Services (consolidate all dataprocessing into independent business unit to better monetize the investment, including offering services to non-Boeing entities). I thot Renton datacenter largest, a couple hundred million in 360 systems. Lots of politics between head of Renton datacenter and CFO (who only had 360/30 for payroll up at Boeing field, although they enlarge it & install 360/67 for me to play with when I'm not doing other stuff).
When I graduate, I leave Boeing and join the IBM Cambridge Science Center. After about six months I was asked about becoming a manager. I ask to take the IBM managers manual home over the weekend to read. Monday, I tell them I wouldn't make a good (white collar) manager, my experience was resolving personnel issues in the parking lot. I was never asked again. Then after a couple more years, IBM started telling me that I didn't have a career, promotions, or raises (for various transgression, but one of my hobbies after joining IBM was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters, and I was still being allowed to wander around IBM datacenters ... nobody wanting to tell upper management).
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
Among other things I had been blamed for online computer conferencing (precursor to IBM forums and modern social media) in late 70s and early 80s on the internal network (larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime mid/late 80s). It really took off spring of 1981 when I distributed trip report of visit to Jim Gray at Tandem; only about 300 participated by claims upwards of 25,000 were reading. Folklore is when corporate executive committee was told, 5of6 wanted to fire me. Six copies of about 300 pages were printed with executive summary and summary of summary, packaged in Tandem 3ring binders and sent to executive committee (linkedin post ref has some of the transgressions, some of the "summary of summary" and other details, John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks, including Boyd's "To Be or To Do" and Mattis' "mavericks")
online computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
som recent oxymoron posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#59 IBM CEO: Only 60% of office workers will ever return full-time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#35 IBM Business Conduct Guidelines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#95 IBM Salary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#27 Dataprocessing Career
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#125 IBM Clone Controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#18 IBM's social media policy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#39 IBM Registered Confidential
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#82 IBM Downturn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#61 IBM Starting Salary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#42 IBM Token-Ring
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#15 IBM Internal Network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#86 Bizarre Career Events
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#42 IBM Suggestion Program
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#41 Teaching IBM Class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#40 Teaching IBM class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#12 IBM "811", 370/xa architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#0 Will The Cloud Take Down The Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#83 Kinder/Gentler IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#82 Kinder/Gentler IBM
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What's something from the early days of the Internet which younger generations may not know about? Date: 02 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
Co-worker at cambridge science center responsible for the internal
network, technology also used for corporate sponsored univ. BITNET
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BITNET
we then transfer out to san jose research in 1977 and then he transfer
to San Diego. Old SJMN article about Edson (he passed aug2020) and
"IBM'S MISSED OPPORTUNITY WITH THE INTERNET" (gone behind paywall but
lives free at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20000124004147/http://www1.sjmercury.com/svtech/columns/gillmor/docs/dg092499.htm
also wayback machine, some additional references from Ed's website
https://web.archive.org/web/20000115185349/http://www.edh.net/bungle.htm
Wiki entry (invented design for internet)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edson_Hendricks
In June 1975, MIT Professor Jerry Saltzer accompanied Hendricks to
DARPA, where Hendricks described his innovations to the principal
scientist, Dr. Vinton Cerf. Later that year in September 15-19 of 75,
Cerf and Hendricks were the only two delegates from the United States,
to attend a workshop on Data Communications at the International
Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, 2361 Laxenburg Austria where
again, Hendricks spoke publicly about his innovative design which
paved the way to the Internet as we know it today.
... snip ...
wiki reference also mentions trouble/battles with the SNA forces. topic drift: my wife was co-author of AWP39, "Peer-to-Peer Networking" in the same time frame ... they had to prefix with "peer-to-peer" because the SNA forces had co-opted "networking" for communication; old joke that SNA wasn't a "System", wasn't a "Network" and wasn't an "Architecture"
SJR also had gateway to CSNET (predates cutover of arpanet to
internetworking) ... in 89 csnet merges with bitnet ...
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSNET
old email about IBM/CSNET gateway
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#email821022
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#email821122
CSNET email about arpanet troubles cutting over to internetworking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#email830109
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#email830202
We got business cards that had telephone numbers, both external & tieline and email addresses, both internal & external. Then corporate came out with directive that business cards were only for external customer communication and email addresses had to be removed. We pointed out that met tieline had also to be removed, but we could keep our exterenal (csnet) email address.
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
bitnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: z/VM 50th Date: 02 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookoriginal Linkedin article
I had taken 2 credit hr intro to fortran/computers, at the end of semester was hired as student programmer and then within a year of the 2hr class, was hired fulltime responsible for os/360. Univ. had been sold a 360/67 for tss/360, but never came to production fruition and so ran w/os360 as 360/65. Univ. shutdown datacenter on weekends and I had the whole place to myself (although 48hrs w/o sleep made monday classes hard). Last week of Jan1968, 3 people came out to univ to install cp67 (3rd installation after CSC and MIT lincoln labs), I mostly played with it in my weekend time ... initially rewriting lots of pathlengths to improve OS/360 throughput. I started with os/360 MFT jobstream that took 322sec, but 856sec under CP67 (CP67 CPU 534sec). After a few months, I had it down to 435secs (CP67 CPU 113sec, down from 534sec). Part of SHARE presentation in old archived posts https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#18
I was included in the IBM CP67 announce at the spring 68, Houston SHARE meeting (54 years ago).
I then do a lot of work on scheduling (dynamic adaptive resource management), I/O throughput (from fifo single request to ordered seek queuing, chained page i/o request, improving 2301 from 80/sec to 270/sec, page replacement (from not-in-queue then random to reference bits). Before I graduate, I'm hired into small group in the Boeing CFO office to help with the formation of Boeing Computer Services (consolidate all dataprocessing into independent business unit to better monetize the investment). I thought Renton datacenter possibly largest in the world, couple hundred million in 360s, 360/65s arriving faster than they could be installed, boxes constantly staged in hallways around machine room. Lots of politics between manager of Renton datacenter and CFO (who only had 360/30 for payroll up at Boeing field ... although they enlarge the machine room for 360/67 for me to play with when I'm not doing other stuff).
When I graduate, I leave Boeing and join the IBM science center. One of my hobbies after joining IBM was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters. After decision to make all 370s virtual memory, several people split off from the science center (on the 4th flr) and took over the IBM Boston Programming center on the 3rd floor for VM/370 development. When the VM370 group outgrew the 3rd floor (they only had part, the rest was a three letter gov. agency), they moved out to the empty IBM SBC bldg at Burlington Mall. The initial morph of CP67->VM370 dropped or significantly simplified lots of stuff from CP67 (including dropping multiprocessor support and lots of stuff I had done as undergraduate) ... for VM370 Release 1 (50yrs ago).
I start CP67->VM370 migration with release 2. We had a automated
benchmarking system that could vary configuration, workloads,
parameters, etc. However, initially VM370 would crash every time
... so the first things that I had to migrate were the CP67 kernel
serialization and integrity features in order to complete benchmarks
w/o crashing. Some old email getting VM370 Release 2 to production
quality for shipping as internal CSC/VM.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430
Much of this was during the IBM Future System period which was going
to completely replace 370 and internal politics were killing and/or
suspending lots of 370 activity (claim is that the lack of new 370
during FS contributed to clone 370 makers getting market
foothold). Then with the death of FS, there was mad rush to get stuff
back into the 370 product pipeline, including kicking off the
quick&dirty 3033&3081 efforts in parallel. Some refs:
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm
https://people.computing.clemson.edu/~mark/fs.html
Some of the mad rush after FS implodes, contributed to picking up a little bit of my CSC/VM for release 3 (a few of the integrity fixes and DCSS was small subset of my CMS page-mapped filesystem and shared segment enhancements). Then the head of POK managed to convince corporate to kill VM370, shutdown the development group and transfer all the people to POK (or otherwise MVS/XA wouldn't ship on time). They weren't planning on telling the group to the very last minute to minimize people that might escape the move. It managed to leak and several people escaped (this was during early DEC VAX days and joke was that the head of POK was major contributor to DEC VMS). There was witchhunt for the source of the leak, fortunately nobody gave me up. Endicott managed to save the VM370 product mission but had to reconstitute a development from scratch.
Endicott also cons me into doing analysis for ECPS (moving VM370
kernel 370 instructions into microcode) ... initially for virgil/tully
(138/148). Was to find the highest executed 6k bytes of the kernel for
moving into the available space for microcode. Old post with the
initial analysis (6k bytes accounted for 80% of kernel execution and
would move into microcode at 10:1 speedup).
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21
I was then con'ed into running around the world helping Endicott present the 138/148 & ECPS business cases to country business planners.
trivia: one of my longest and biggest internal customers was the world-wide sales&market support online HONE system (dating back to CP67 days). In the mid70s, the US HONE datacenters were consolidated in Palo Alto (trivia: when Facebook 1st moves into silicon valley, it is into a new bldg built next door to the old HONE datacenter), enhancing VM370 with single-system image, cluster, loosely-coupled having load-balancing and fallover support. I then add multiprocessor support to a release 3 CSC/VM ... initially so HONE can add a 2nd processor to each system ... for 16 processor operation. This century I joked about IBM not releasing software before its time, z/VM announced single-system-image support in 2009 (more than 30yrs after HONE was running it).
*** 370 virtual memory footnote: A decade ago, I was asked to track
down the decision to make all 370s virtual memory. I found somebody
that reported to the executive making the decision. Basically MVT
storage management was so bad, regions had to be four times larger
than typically used. As a result, a standard 1mbyte 370/165 only had
four regions, insufficient to keep the machine busy and
justified. Going to 16mbyte virtual memoy (initially VS2/SVS, very similar to
running MVT in CP67 16mbyte virtual machine), would allow
increasing the number of regions by a factor of four times with little
or no paging. Old archived post with pieces of the exchanged email:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73
Cambridge Science Center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm
dynamic adaptive resource manage posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare
page replacement & working set algorithm posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#clock
benchmarking posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#benchmark
future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
CMS page-mapped filesystem posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#mmap
CMS shared-segment support posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#adcon
360/370 microcode posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360mcode
HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
SMP, symmetric multiprocessor posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What's something from the early days of the Internet which younger generations may not know about? Date: 02 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
frequently reposted: late 80s, senior disk engineer gets a talk scheduled at annual, internal, world-wide, communication group conference, supposedly on 3174 performance ... but opens the talk with the statement that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division. The communication group had stranglehold on mainframe datacenters with their corporate strategic responsibility for everything that crossed datacenter wall and were fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computing (trying to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm and install base). The disk division was seeing data fleeing mainframe datacenters to more distributed computing friendly platforms, with drops in disk sales. They had come up with a number of solutions ... which were constantly being vetoed by the communication group. As partial work around, the disk division VP of software was doing VC investment in client/server and distributed computing startups that would use IBM disks (he periodically asked us to stop by his investments to see if we could lend any help).
dumb terminal paradigm posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal
gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
It wasn't just mainframe disks, the communication group had stranglehold
on lots of IBM, not just mainframe datacenters, a couple short
years later IBM has one of the largest losses in history of US companies
... the company was being reorganized into the 13 "baby blues" in
preparation for breaking up the company
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: What's something from the early days of the Internet which younger generations may not know about? Date: 02 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
After leaving IBM, I worked with Postel (Internet/IETF standards
editor)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Postel
on RFC index and also helped with periodically re-released STD1. I also was brought in consultant to small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions on their server, the startup had also invented technology they wanted to use, it is now frequently called "electronic commerce". I had responsibility for everything between the electronic commerce webservers and the financial payment networks. Postel would sponsor by talk "Why Internet Isn't Business Critical Dataprocessing" based on the compensating procedures, documentation, and software that I had to do for "electronic commerce"
note that MIT Lincoln Lab was 2nd CP67 installation (after Cambridge
Science Center itself), a few early 70s ARPA RFC for CP67/CMS from
Lincoln Lab:
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc109.txt
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc110.txt
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc183.txt
https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc466.txt
The univ. I was at was the 3rd CP67/CMS installation, recent post on
some of that history
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
electronic commerce and payment networks posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#gateway
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
some posts mentoning Jon Postel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#105 FedEx to Stop Using Mainframes, Close All Data Centers By 2024
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#14 IBM z16: Built to Build the Future of Your Business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#68 ARPANET pioneer Jack Haverty says the internet was never finished
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#38 Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#129 Dataprocessing Career
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#128 The Network Nation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#87 IBM and Internet Old Farts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#57 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#42 IBM Business School Cases
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#10 System Availability
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#83 IBM Internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#24 NOW the web is 30 years old: When Tim Berners-Lee switched on the first World Wide Web server
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#66 The Case Against SQL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#74 WEB Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#56 Hacking, Exploits and Vulnerabilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#16 The Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#68 Online History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#31 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#47 A flaw in the design; The Internet's founders saw its promise but didn't foresee users attacking one another
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#14 The Geniuses that Anticipated the Idea of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#11 The Geniuses that Anticipated the Idea of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#25 The real story of how the Internet became so vulnerable
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: z/VM 50th Date: 03 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
original Linkedin article
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
Some couple recent "history" related articles
Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mainframe-channel-io-lynn-wheeler/
archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#100 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#102 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#0 Mainframe Channel I/O
John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
Performance History Presentation was made at SEAS 5-10Oct1986
(European SHARE, IBM mainframe user group), I gave it most recently at
WashDC Hillgang user group 16Mar2011
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/hill0316g.pdf
archived posts mentioning seas/hillgang presentation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#72 A History of VM Performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#20 Multiple Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#22 Multiple Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#4 Oct1986 IBM user group SEAS history presentation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#17 Performance History, 5-10Oct1986, SEAS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#41 Teaching IBM Class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#65 SHARE (& GUIDE)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#46 6-10Oct1986 SEAS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#82 IBM Internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#59 Order of Knights VM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#93 HSDT Pitches
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#94 VM/370 Interactive Response
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#20 CP-67
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#22 IBM Cloud to offer Z-series mainframes for first time - albeit for test and dev
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#8 VM Workship ... VM/370 50th birthday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#17 VM Workshop
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Nationalism in American Politics Date: 03 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookNationalism in American Politics. Esau McCaullley and Katherine Stewart on how the G.O.P. weaponized Christiainity -- and where we go from here
some christian nationalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#31 The Rachel Maddow Show 7/25/22
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#24 The Rachel Maddow Show 7/25/22
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#72 In U.S., Far More Support Than Oppose Separation of Church and State
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#59 The Uproar Ovear the "Ultimate American Bible"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#43 Corporations Are People
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#58 Forget China - it's America's own economic system that's broken; US weakness is inbuilt
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#37 Is America A Christian Nation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#36 Is America A Christian Nation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#98 Christian nationalists are trying to seize power -- but progressives have a plan to fight back
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#31 The U.S. was not founded as a Christian nation
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: z/VM 50th - part 2 Date: 05 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookz/VM 50th - part 2
z/vm 50th (part 1)
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
recent related
Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mainframe-channel-io-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#100 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#102 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#0 Mainframe Channel I/O
John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
About time POK started on 3033 (started out 168-3 logic remapped to 20% faster chips), I had gotten involved in 16processor effort. We con'ed the 3033 processor engineers into working on it in their spare time (lot more interesting that the 168-3 remap). Everybody thought it was really great until somebody told the head of POK that it could be decades before POK favorite son operating system (MVS) had effective 16-way support. Then some of us were told to never to visit POK again and the 3033 processor engineers were directed to stop being distracted. Note: IBM didn't ship 16 processor machines until z900 at turn of century (over 20yrs later).
future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
The "Mainframe Channel I/O", besides discussing I/O, in the comments, also mentions presenting how ECPS was done at BAYBUNCH meeting, and Amdahl people interrogating me for further details. They had originally done MACROCODE in the 3033 time-frame to quickly respond to the plethora of trivial microcode changes that new versions of IBM operating systems required. They were then using it to do the Amdahl "hypervisor" (virtual machines in microcode, multi-domain). IBM isn't able to respond until 1988, late in 3090 timeframe with PR/SM and LPAR.
360/370 microcode posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#mcode
Note, IBM POK had killed VM370 product, but Endicott had managed to pick up the mission. The (original) VM370 development group had transferred to POK for MVS/XA work. In POK, there was the "VMTOOL" done, a small virtual machine subset for supporting MVS/XA development (never intended for release). In the 80s, IBM weren't customers weren't converting to MVS/XA as planned, Amdahl had multi-domain (hypervisor) to run MVS & MVS/XA concurrently. Eventually POK releases VMTOOL as VM/MA (migration aid) and VM/SF (system facility) to provide similar function on 3081. Then POK proposes a large development group (couple hundred people) to bring VMTOOL up to the feature, function, and performance level of VM/370. In the meantime, a IBM Rochester system support had added full 370/XA support to VM/370 ... and something of political conflict between Endicott and POK/Kingston for VM/XA and POK/Kingston "wins".
Note part of VMTOOL was 3081 microcode assist, SIE for running
MVS/XA. However, it was never intended for production use (since 3081
didn't have sufficient microcode space and SIE microcode had to be
"paged"). Old email from trout (i.e. 3090) engineers about how 3090
did SIE for production use (but still big delay for PR/SM & LPAR)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#email810630
some recent posts mentioning SIE instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#9 VM/370 Going Away
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#56 CMS OS/360 Simulation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#29 Network Congestion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#98 Virtual Machine SIE instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#88 Virtual Machine SIE instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#86 Virtual Machine SIE instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#82 Virtual Machine SIE instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#119 70s & 80s mainframes
Other VM/3081 lore. 3081 was intended to only be multiprocessor, never have a single processor offering. However, (airline industry) ACP/TPF operating system didn't have multiprocessor support and there was concern that the whole ACP/TPF market would move to Amdahl (Amdahl's single processor had about same throughput as 3081 2-processor, and 2-processor Amdahl had better performance than the 3081 4-processor). Some unnatural things were then done to VM370 multiprocessor to improve ACP/TPF running in VM370 virtual machine (on 3081), however it resulted in 10-15% performance degradation for almost every other VM370 multiprocessor customer (IBM eventually comes out with single processor 3083, basically a 3081 with one of the processors removed). To try and help mask that degradation, there some tweaks to 3270 interactive response.
multiprocessor posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
some recent posts mentioning 3083 (3081 with processor removed)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#97 Enhanced Production Operating Systems II
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#66 VM/370 Turns 50 2Aug2022
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#31 COMPUTER HISTORY: REMEMBERING THE IBM SYSTEM/360 MAINFRAME, its Origin and Technology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#97 IBM 9020
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#80 165/168/3033 & 370 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#45 Automated Benchmarking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#66 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#78 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#77 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#75 IBM ITPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#90 Was E-mail a Mistake? The mathematics of distributed systems suggests that meetings might be better
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#70 the wonders of SABRE, was Magnetic Drum reservations 1952
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#44 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#66 ACP/TPF 3083
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#23 IBM Recruiting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#74 Airline Reservation System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#72 Airline Reservation System
However, there was a really large gov. VM370 customer (going back to
60s and CP67) which was "fast" ASCII glass teletype installation (and
the 3270 tweaks had no effect, in part doing multi-line CMS output as
single 3270 I/O). I get called in to see if I could do anything. I had
previously modified CMS terminal I/O to do single virtual I/O for
multi-line output ... which works for all types of terminals (not just
3270s) ... old email about the CMS change reduced scheduling queue
drop/adds from 65/sec to 43/sec
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001f.html#email830420
I've mentioned that in the CP67->VM370 that lots of CP67 feature/function/performance was greatly simplified and/or dropped. One of the dropped features that started to have increasingly impact was CP67 based "high/low speed" scheduling based on real device type. VM370 changed that to virtual device type. This greatly increased VM370 processing overhead (scan virtual device configuration) compared to CP67 which had a count for in-process of (real) high-speed I/O and just had to check for non-zero count. Other than overhead, things were relatively similar as long as virtual and real device characteristics were similar. This was seriously broken with virtual 3215 CMS terminal and real 3270 terminal (see above 20apr83 email).
older MVS SHARE trivia:
https://www.share.org/
event
http://www.mxg.com/thebuttonman/boney.asp
This parody is based on the original old country song of the same name
that was written and performed by the late Hoyt Axton. Performed by
Dave's sister Karen Cooper and her husband, California country singers
who knew nothing of MVS! This song was played for the first time at
the very first SHARE session on MVS Performance, 1975, to an audience
of over 900 attendees.
... snip ...
... trivia: i was at the performance
Early/mid 80s, majority of IBM revenue from mainframe hardware. Turn of century claim was mainframe hardware was only a few percent of IBM revenue (and dropping). Around 2012, analysis was mainframe hardware was only a couple percent of IBM revenue (and still dropping), but mainframe group was 25% of IBM revenue (and 40% of profit) ... nearly all software and services.
IBM mainframes since turn of century, earlier models industry standard
benchmark, no. iterations compared to 70s processor assumed to be one
MIP, later numbers based on announced throughput change compared to
previous models
z900, 16 processors, 2.5BIPS (156MIPS/proc), Dec2000
z990, 32 processors, 9BIPS, (281MIPS/proc), 2003
z9, 54 processors, 18BIPS (333MIPS/proc), July2005
z10, 64 processors, 30BIPS (469MIPS/proc), Feb2008
z196, 80 processors, 50BIPS (625MIPS/proc), Jul2010
EC12, 101 processors, 75BIPS (743MIPS/proc), Aug2012
z13, 140 processors, 100BIPS (710MIPS/proc), Jan2015
z14, 170 processors, 150BIPS (862MIPS/proc), Aug2017
z15, 190 processors, 190BIPS* (1000MIPS/proc), Sep2019
• pubs say z15 1.25 times z14 (1.25*150BIPS or 190BIPS)
• z16, 200?? processors, ???BIPS (???MIPS/proc),
...
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: z/VM 50th - part 3 Date: 05 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookz/VM 50th - part 3
z/vm 50th - part 2
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-2-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
z/vm 50th (part 1)
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
recent related
Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mainframe-channel-io-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#100 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#102 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#0 Mainframe Channel I/O
John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
Co-worker at Science Center was responsible for the internal network,
larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until
sometime mid/late 80s. The technology was also used for the corporate
sponsored univ BITNET
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BITNET
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
At the 1jan1983 change over to internetworking protocol, there were
approx. 100 IMPS and 255 hosts, when the internal corporate network
was rapidly approaching 1000 ... old archived post with list of
corporate locations that added one or more network nodes during 1983
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#8
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
we then transfer out to san jose research in 1977 and then he transfer
to San Diego. Old SJMN article about Edson (he passed aug2020) and
"IBM'S MISSED OPPORTUNITY WITH THE INTERNET" (gone behind paywall but
lives free at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20000124004147/http://www1.sjmercury.com/svtech/columns/gillmor/docs/dg092499.htm
also wayback machine, some additional references from Ed's website
https://web.archive.org/web/20000115185349/http://www.edh.net/bungle.htm
Wiki entry (invented design for internet)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edson_Hendricks
In June 1975, MIT Professor Jerry Saltzer accompanied Hendricks to
DARPA, where Hendricks described his innovations to the principal
scientist, Dr. Vinton Cerf. Later that year in September 15-19 of 75,
Cerf and Hendricks were the only two delegates from the United States,
to attend a workshop on Data Communications at the International
Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, 2361 Laxenburg Austria where
again, Hendricks spoke publicly about his innovative design which
paved the way to the Internet as we know it today.
... snip ...
wiki reference also mentions trouble/battles with the SNA forces. topic drift: my wife was co-author of AWP39, "Peer-to-Peer Networking" in the same time frame ... they had to prefix with "peer-to-peer" because the SNA forces had co-opted "networking" for communication; old joke that SNA wasn't a "System", wasn't a "Network" and wasn't an "Architecture"
In Aug1976, Tymshare
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tymshare
started providing their CMS-based online computer conferencing system
free to user group SHARE
https://www.share.org/
via TYMNET
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tymnet
as VMSHARE, archives here
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare
I had cut a deal with TYMSHARE to get monthly tape dump of all VMSHARE files for putting up on internal systems and the internal network. The biggest problem I had was with IBM lawyers who were concerned that internal employees would be contaminated exposed to customer information (or find out some of the things they were told about customers wasn't true).
A little follow-up to the growing hordes of people in Hudson Valley. After 23jun1969 unbundling announcement and starting to charge for SE services, maintenance and software (initially just "application" software... but after the FS disaster contributing to the rise of clone 370 makers, transition was to charge for all software), the "rules" were that revenue had to cover original development plus ongoing support, maintenance, any additional development. Business people would typical do three forecasts at low, medium, and high price, in part to see if there was price sensitivity ... but forecast #customers times price had to meet the revenue rules. Because of growing staffs, there were some products where costs exceeded the revenue requirements.
The first gimmick was to find a similar product that did meet the rules and announce them was a "combined" product ... where the revenue from one covered the cost of the other. First that I'm aware of was JES2 networking, which didn't meet revenue rules under any circumstances. They then found VM370 VNET/RSCS which met the requirement at $30/month (but it would never get corporate approval for announce because POK was in the process of convincing corporate to kill VM370). It was announces as combined JES2/VNET at $600/month ... where the VNET revenue easily covered JES2 networking costs (note early JES2 networking software inside IBM still carried "TUCC" in cols 68-71 of the source from the univ that had created it originally for HASP).
The JES2 networking also had other issues, and there were attempts to use internal VNET/RSCS to compensate for the problems. VNET/RSCS had a clean layered design while JES(/HASP) had networking fields intermixed with job control fields (a receiving JES2/NJE at a different release from the sending JES2/NJE had a habit of crashing MVS). There was VNET/RSCS drivers that emulated JES2 ... and had special mods that would recognize difference between the sending JES2 format and the receiving JES2 format and reorder the fields accordingly as countermeasure to MVS crashes.
There is case where Hursley MVS/JES2 systems started crashing and it was traced back to MVS/JES2 system in San Jose with some JES2 formatting changes. It was eventually blamed on the Hursley VNET/RSCS people because they weren't aware of the San Jose JES2 changes and hadn't updated their VNET/RSCS JES2 drivers with the compensating modifications to keep MVS from crashing.
The original HASP TUCC code used spare entries in the 255-entry unit record psuedo device table, which usually allowed for 160-180 network node definition ... however the internal network was well over 256 nodes and rapidly approach 1000. Also JES2 would trash traffic where it didn't recognize origina or destination node. Given all the problems MVS/JES2 network nodes were usually kept on network perimeter behind a protective VNET/RSCS system.
HASP, JES, NJE/NJI, etc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#hasp
other internet/web trivia; GML was invented at the science center in
1969 and GML tag processing added to CMS SCRIPT (SCRIPT having been a
reimplementation of CTSS RUNOFF). A decade later, GML morphs into ISO
standard SGML and after another decade, morphs into HTML at CERN. The
first webserver outside Europe was on the Stanford SLAC VM370 system:
https://ahro.slac.stanford.edu/wwwslac-exhibit
https://ahro.slac.stanford.edu/wwwslac-exhibit/early-web-chronology-and-documents-1991-1994
GML/SGML/HTML posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#sgml
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Career Date: 06 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebook.. not me, my career at ibm was mostly in spite of the company and nearly the whole time being told I had no career, no promotions, no raises ... recent post over in linkedin on some of it
When I left, I was told in executive interview they could have forgiven me for being wrong, but they were never going to forgive me for being right.
I did short stint in Austin and got responsibility for HA/CMP ... originally HA/6000 for the NYTimes to port their newspaper system (ATEX) from VAXcluster to RS/6000; somewhat directed because IBM CEO was on NYTimes board; renamed HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing) when start doing cluster scale-up with national labs and RDBMS vendors. However, so offended mainstream Austin ... it was suggested I move back to San Jose to do the product ... besides working with national labs and RDBMS vendors (mostly in or around california). OCT91, senior vp retired and projects he supported were audited, including kingston supercomputer ... then a internal supercomputer conference was scheduled for Jan92 ... turns out mostly trolling company for supercomputer technology. Jan92 had meeting with Oracle CEO on cluster scale-up, 16-way mid92, 128-way ye92. A couple weeks later, cluster scale-up was transferred, announced as ibm supercomputer (originally 128-way ye92) for technical/scientific *ONLY* and we were told we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors ... a few months later, leave IBM.
HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
I spent a couple years doing consulting gigs, some for IBM. then 1st data brought me on as consultant to work with small client/server startup that wanted to do payment transactions, they had also invented this technology called "SSL" they wanted to use, now frequently called "electronic commerce". I had responsibility for everything between webservers and the financial industry payment networks.
posts mentioning gateway from webservers to payment networks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#gateway
some posts mentioning being told "forgive for being wrong, but never
forgive for being right"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#83 Kinder/Gentler IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#84 The mainframe is dead. Long live the mainframe!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#3 If IBM Hadn't Bet the Company
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#74 My Vintage Dream PC
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Background on some recent major budget items Date: 06 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookSome background on recent major budget items (tax loop-holes, medicare part-d, and IRS budget).
2002, congress lets the fiscal responsibility act lapse (spending couldn't exceed revenue and on its way to eliminating all federal debt). By 2005, comptroller general was including in speeches that nobody in congress was capable of middle school arithmetic (for how badly they were savaging the budget). 2010 CBO report 2003-2009 tax revenue cut by $6T and spending increased by $6T for $12T gap compared to fiscal responsible budget (first time taxes were cut to not pay for two wars). Sort of confluence of FEDRES and TBTF (too big to fail) needed huge federal debt, special interests wanting huge tax cut and military-industrial complex wanting huge spending increase.
The first major legislation (after "paygo" lapse) was 2003 Medicare
Part-d. CBS 60mins had expose on medicare part-d legislation
... focusing on 18 responsible for getting bill through. Just before
final vote, they insert one liner that eliminates competitive bidding
and they block distribution of CBO report that takes into account that
change. 60mins showed drugs from the VA that are 1/3rd the price of
the identical drug under Part-D. They also found that all the 18
republicans, within 6-12 months had resigned and were on drug industry
payrolls. the comptroller general was on program that medicare part-d
comes to represent $40T unfunded mandate ... totally swamping all
other budget items (and the bill was passed shortly after congress let
the fiscal responsibility act lapse).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medicare_Part_D
In spring 2009, IRS has press that they are going after 52,000 wealthy Americans who have illegally stashed trillions offshore and owe $400B (and penalties). In spring 2011, the new speaker of the house has press conference where he says he is cutting the budget for the IRS department responsible for recovering the $400B (on DC weekend radio show he also brags about putting latest party darlings on finance committee because those members receive the largest "donations" from special interests). Since then there has been periodic news about the banks and financial advisers have been fined a few billion for their part in facilitating tax evasion, illegally stashing trillions overseas (again, over and above the trillions that congressional tax loopholes allowed to be stashed overseas "legally") ... but nothing about recovering the $400B in taxes owed on the money illegally stashed overseas.
posts mentioning fiscal responsibility act
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fiscal.responsibility.act
medicare part-d posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#medicare.part-d
posts mentioning Comptroller General
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#comptroller.general
military-industrial complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
Too Big To Fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
tax fraud, tax evasion, tax avoidance, tax havens
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#tax.evasion
capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: z/VM 50th - part 4 Date: 06 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookz/VM 50th - part 4
z/vm 50th (part 1)
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-2-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
One of the science center co-workers and done a APL analytical system performance model which was made available on the (CP/CMS, then VM/CMS) world-wide online sales&marketing HONE system as the Performance Predictor ... sales people could enter customer configuration and workload details and ask "what-if" questions about changes to customer configuration and/or workload. The consolidated US HONE datacenter also used a modified version to make "load balancing" decisions for their "single-system image" operation (eight loosely-coupled systems and large disk farm, each system had a 2nd processor added after I upgraded release3-based CSC/VM with multiprocessor support).
After the 23Jun1969 unbundling announcement, HONE had started out as online CP/67 systems that branch SEs could use to practice their skills with guest operating system in virtual machines. The science center had also ported APL\360 to CP67/CMS for CMS\APL and HONE started offering APL-based sales&marketing support applications which came to dominate all HONE activity (use for guest virtual machine practice just dwindled away).
Part of my CP67/CMS was the "autolog" command used originally for
automated benchmark user workload simulation; number and types of user
workloads could be varied (but it quickly also came to be used for
operations and "service" virtual machines) and then was some of the
first things migrated to VM/370 Release 2 for CSC/VM. In the initial
morph of CP67->VM370, lots of feature/function were simplified or
dropped (including CP67 multiprocessor supposrt and lots of stuff I
had done as undergraduate). Initially, the automated benchmarks were
guarantee to crash VM/370 nearly every time and the next set of
changes migrated was CP67 kernel serialization and integrity features
(in order to successfully complete benchmarks w/o crashes). some old
email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750102
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email750430
23Jun1969, unbundling announcement also started to charge for application software, but managed to make the case that kernel software should still be free. During the Future System period (totally different from 370 and was going to completely 370), internal politics was killing off 370 activity, and the lack of new 370 products is credited with giving clone 370 makers their market foothold. When FS imploded there was mad rush to get stuff back into the 370 product pipelines. With the rise of clone 370 makers, the decision was made to start charging for kernel software, starting with charging for kernel addons, but eventually transition to charging for all operating system software (in the 80s, followed by the "object code only" wars). In any case, my dynamic adaptive resource manager was selected as initial guinea pig (and I had to spend some amount of time with business planners and lawyers on software charging policy).
Some expert from corporate reviewed my dynamic adynamic adaptive resource manager and complained that there was no manual tuning parameters, saying he wouldn't sign off on the release because the current state of the art was manual tuning parameters. I tried to explain "dynamic adaptive" ... but it fell on deaf ears. I then created some number of manual tuning parameters, publishing source, detailed documentation and formulas ... all labeled with "SRM", as a ridicule/parody on MVS SRM. However, it was joke/facade from operations research and degrees of freedom, the dynamic adaptive values in the formulas had greater degree of freedom than the manual values (i.e. being able to compensate for any manually set value).
For the initial release there were 2000 automated benchmarks run that took three months elapsed time to run. A domain space of configurations and workloads was defined with evenly distributed benchmarks defined (through the domain space) for the first 1000 benchmarks. A modified version of the performance predictor was also run, predicting the result of each benchmark and then comparing the results (validating the performance predictor as well as the resource manager). Then the 2nd 1000 automated benchmarks had points in the domain space selected by the modified performance predictor ... searching for possibly anomalous combinations.
other refs:
Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mainframe-channel-io-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#100 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#102 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#0 Mainframe Channel I/O
John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
Science Center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm
unbundling posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#unbundling
HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
SMP, multiprocessor and/or compare&swap poss
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
benchmarking posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#benchmark
dynamic adaptive resource management & scheduling
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare
future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: z/VM 50th - part 4 Date: 07 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
IBM contributing to rise of clone 370s ... besides shutting down new
370 efforts during Future System, there is also killing the ACS/360
effort (headed by Amdahl) in the late 60s ... they were afraid that it
would advance the computer state of the art too fast, and IBM would
loose control of the market ... and Amdahl leaves IBM shortly later and
starts his own mainframe clone 370 company
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html
near the bottom of web page are ACS/360 features that show up some 20+yrs later in ES/9000.
trivia: old email from POK mainframe engineer that
85/165/168/3033/3090 were all the same machine with minor tweaks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#email810423
other old email from the same period about trout/3090
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#email810630
note with the demise of FS, there was mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product pipeline, kicking off 3033 & 3081 in parallel, once the 3033 (remap of 168-3 logic to 20% faster chips) is out the door, they start on trout/3090.
Future Systems posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Iconic consoles of the IBM System/360 mainframes, 55 years old Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sun, 07 Aug 2022 13:51:51 -1000Iconic consoles of the IBM System/360 mainframes, 55 years old ... just seen posted on facebook
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The U.S. Financial Crisis Date: 08 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookThe U.S. Financial Crisis
Jan1999, I was asked to help try and prevent the coming economic mess (we failed). I was told some investment bankers had walked away "clean" from the S&L crisis, were then running Internet IPO mills, invest a few million, hype, then IPO for a couple billion (needed to fail, in order to leave the field clear for next round of IPOs) and were predicated next to get into securitized mortgages.
Jan2009 (decade later), I was asked to WEB'ize the percora hearings (congressional hearings into '29crash, resulted in jail terms and glass-steagall, had been scanned the fall before at Boston Public Library) with lots of internal HREFs and URLs between what happened this time and what happened then (comments that the new congress might have appetite to do something). I work on it for awhile but then get call that it won't be needed after all (comments that capital hill was buried under enormous mountains of wallstreet cash).
economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
fed chair, greenspan, bernanke, etc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fed.chairman
triple-a rated toxic financial instruments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
s&l crisis posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#s&l.crisis
percora &/or Glass-steagall posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#Pecora&/orGlass-Steagall
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
#2 on times list of those responsible for economic mess
http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1877351_1877350_1877330,00.html
on the list for legislation blocking regulation of CDS gambling bets,
now better known for GLBA and repeal of Glass-Steagal.
recent posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#35 Sarbanes-Oxley Act
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#106 Price Wars
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#59 Rags-to-Riches Stories Are Actually Kind of Disturbing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#13 Elizabeth Warren hammers JPMorgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon on pandemic overdraft fees
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#11 Elizabeth Warren hammers JPMorgan Chase CEO Jamie Dimon on pandemic overdraft fees
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#3 Meet the Economist Behind the One Percent's Stealth Takeover of America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#142 Trump is deconstructing the government, one agency at a time
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#49 Economic Mess and Regulations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#97 David Koch Was the Ultimate Climate Change Denier
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#64 How the Supreme Court Is Rebranding Corruption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#47 Day of Reckoning for KPMG-Failures in Ethics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#6 Angelo Mozilo Makes Surprise Appearance, Is Shocked People Blame Him For The Housing Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#83 Firefighting: The Financial Crisis and Its Lessons
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#37 You elected them to write new laws. They're letting corporations do it instead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#56 Economic Mess
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#45 Jeffrey Skilling, Former Enron Chief, Released After 12 Years in Prison
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#15 TARP Funds and Noncompliant
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The Man That Helped Change IBM Date: 08 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookThe Man That Helped Change IBM
I was in all-hands Austin meeting where it was said that Austin had told IBM CEO that it was doing RS/6000 project for NYTimes to move their newspaper system (ATEX) off VAXCluster ... but it would be dire consequences for anybody to let it leak that it wasn't being done.
One day Nick stopped in Austin and all the local executives were out of town. My wife put together hand drawn charts and estimates for doing the NYTimes project for Nick ... and he approved it. Possibly contributed to offending so many people in Austin that suggested that we do the project in San Jose.
It started out as HA/6000, but I rename it HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing) after starting doing technical/scientific cluster scale-up with national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with RDBMS vendors (who had VAXCluster support in the same source base with Unix support ... providing some APIs with VAXCluster semantics made it easier for port to HA/CMP).
however, IBM had been on downward slide for some time ... recent
(linkedin) post on the subject
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
also
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
and
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Secret spending by the weapons industry is making us less safe Date: 08 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookSecret spending by the weapons industry is making us less safe
F-35 Sustainment: DOD Faces Several Uncertainties and Has Not Met Key
Objectives
https://thehill.com/opinion/national-security/3588029-secret-spending-by-the-weapons-industry-is-making-us-less-safe/
Two thousand, four hundred. That's how many expensive and
dysfunctional F-35 fighter planes American taxpayers are paying to
have built, as part of a defense system that may never be fully ready
for combat.
... snip ...
F-35 Sustainment: DOD Faces Several Uncertainties and Has Not Met Key
Objectives
https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-22-105995
military-industrial(-congressional) complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
recent posts mentioning F-35
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#25 Powerless F-35s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#15 China VSLI Foundry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#9 China VSLI Foundry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#101 The US's best stealth jets are pretty easy to spot on radar, but that doesn't make it any easier to stop them
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#2 The Bunker: Pentagon Hardware Hijinks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#105 The Bunker: Pentagon Hardware Hijinks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#78 Future F-35 Upgrades Send Program into Tailspin
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#67 A Mini F-35?: Don't Go Crazy Over the Air Force's Stealth XQ-58A Valkyrie
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#55 America's 'White Elephant': Why F-35 Stealth Jets Are USAF's 'Achilles Heel' Amid Growing Chinese Threats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#48 The Kill Chain: Defending America in the Future of High-Tech Warfare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#17 In Pursuit of Clarity: the Intellect and Intellectual Integrity of Pierre Sprey
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#16 In Pursuit of Clarity: the Intellect and Intellectual Integrity of Pierre Sprey
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#87 The Bunker: Follow All of the Money. F-35 Math 1.0 Another portent of problems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#48 The F-35 Fighter Jet Program Must be Grounded to Protect Pilots and Tax Dollars
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#88 The Bunker: More Rot in the Ranks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#46 SitRep: Is the F-35 officially a failure? Cost overruns, other issues prompt Air Force to look for "clean sheet" fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#35 US Stealth Fighter Jets Like F-35, F-22 Raptors 'No Longer Stealth' In-Front Of New Russian, Chinese Radars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#18 Did They Miss Yet Another F-35 Cost Overrun?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#77 Cancel the F-35, Fund Infrastructure Instead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#0 THE PENTAGON'S FLYING FIASCO. Don't look now, but the F-35 is afterburnered toast
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#82 The F-35 and other Legacies of Failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#11 Air Force thinking of a new F-16ish fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#8 Air Force thinking of a new F-16ish fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#102 The U.S. Air Force Just Admitted The F-35 Stealth Fighter Has Failed
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#100 The U.S. Air Force Just Admitted The F-35 Stealth Fighter Has Failed
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The Man That Helped Change IBM Date: 08 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
trivia: in prior life my wife had been in gburg JES group and one of the co-authors of JESUS specification (JES unified system, all the features in JES2 and JES3 that the corresponding customers couldn't live with out, for various reasons it never came to fruition). She was then con'ed into going to POK to be in charge of loosely-coupled (cluster) mainframe architecture where she did Peer-Coupled Shared Data architecture. She didn't remain long because 1) little uptake (except for IMS hot-standby, until much later with sysplex and parallel sysplex) and 2) constant battles with communication group trying to force her into using SNA/VTAM for loosely-coupled operation.
Peer-Coupled Shared Data architecture posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#shareddata
other trivia: during HA/CMP I was asked to write a section for corporate continuous availability strategy document ... however it got pulled when both Rochester/AS400 and POK/mainframe objected (that they couldn't meet requirements).
HA/CMP posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
availability posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#available
trivia: past posts mentioning HONE had "single-system image", cluster
support starting in the 2nd half of the 70s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#53 z/VM 50th - part 4
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#30 IBM Power: The Servers that Apple Should Have Created
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#10 9 Mainframe Statistics That May Surprise You
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#96 Enhanced Production Operating Systems II
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#55 Channel Program I/O Processing Efficiency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#50 Channel Program I/O Processing Efficiency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#62 IBM 360/50 Simulation From Its Microcode
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#8 Porting APL to CP67/CMS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#101 Online Computer Conferencing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#81 165/168/3033 & 370 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#46 Automated Benchmarking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#29 IBM HONE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#23 MS/DOS for IBM/PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#108 168 Loosely-Coupled Configuration
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#25 VM370, 3081, and AT&T Long Lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#77 IBM ACP/TPF
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#10 A brief overview of IBM's new 7 nm Telum mainframe CPU
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#3 Cloud computing's destiny
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#34 IBM Fan-fold cards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#30 IBM HSDT & HA/CMP
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#61 Performance Monitoring, Analysis, Simulation, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#43 IBM Powerpoint sales presentations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#80 AT&T Long-lines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#32 HONE story/history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#15 IBM Recruiting
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#86 IBM Auditors and Games
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#74 Airline Reservation System
HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks Date: 08 Aug 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
"How To Stuff A Wild Duck", 1973, IBM poster
https://collection.cooperhewitt.org/objects/18618011/
enlarge image to see bureaucrats doing to destroy wild ducks (and
mavericks)
https://images.collection.cooperhewitt.org/90306_b07a834b5f9616d1_b.jpg
other recent posts mentioning wild duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#53 z/VM 50th - part 4
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#51 IBM Career
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#42 IBM Bureaucrats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#28 IBM Power: The Servers that Apple Should Have Created
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#6 What is IBM SNA?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#87 Enhanced Production Operating Systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#65 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#64 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#53 Automated Benchmarking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#70 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#32 Big Blue's big email blues signal terminal decline - unless it learns to migrate itself
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#63 IBM / How To Stuff A Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#62 IBM / How To Stuff A Wild Duck
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#41 Teaching IBM Class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#17 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#16 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#15 IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#97 IBM Glory days
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#52 Amdahl Computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#39 IBM Tech
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#8 IBM CEOs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#0 IBM "Wild Ducks"
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 200TB SSDs could come soon thanks to Micron's new chip Date: 10 Aug 2022 Blog: LinkedIn200TB SSDs could come soon thanks to Micron's new chip. 100TB SSDs to become more affordable as new Micron chip piles more on HDD
in 80s with HSDT project, was doing some work with Cyclotomics
(founded by Berlekamp) up at Berkeley (also used in CDROM standard)
with reed-solomon FEC (they were later bought by Kodak)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reed%E2%80%93Solomon_error_correction
also in 2nd half of the 80s, the father of risc/801 cons me into helping him with his idea for "wide" disk head. original 3380 had 20 track spacings between each data track, double density 3380 cut the spacing in half and doubled the number of tracks, triple density 3380 cut the spacing again, increasing number of tracks (all 3mbyte/sec). His "wide" head would read/write 16 data tracks (and follow two servo tracks, one on each side of 16 data tracks, disk formatted servo track per 16 data tracks). Mainframe still was 3mbyte/sec data channels ... while 16 3mbite/sec tracks in parallel would be 48mbytes/sec transfer (and mainframe didn't have anything that could handle it).
trivia: in 1980, STL (since renamed SVL) was bursting at the seams and was moving 300 people (& 300 3270s) from IMS group to offsite bldg with dataprocessing back to the STL datacenter; they had tried "remote" 3270 but found the human factors totally unacceptable. I get con'ed until doing channel extender support ... channel attached 3270s at the offiste bldg with no perceptible difference in human factors. From law of unintended consequences: STL had the 3270 controllers spread across all the mainframe channels with disk ... and the "slow" 3270 controllers "channel busy" was interfering with disk i/o. Moving the 3270 channel controllers off the real channels with a high-performance box (doing same amount of 3270 data transfer with significantly less channel busy) increased system throughput by 10-15%.
The hardware vendor tried to get IBM to release my support, but there was group in POK playing with some serial stuff and were afraid if my stuff was in the market, it would be harder to justify releasing their stuff; and get it vetoed. Later in 1988, IBM branch office asks if I could help LLNL (national lab) get some serial stuff they are working with, standardized. It quickly becomes fibre channel standard (initially 1gbit/sec, full-duplex, 2gbit/sec aggregate, 200mbyte/sec; including some stuff I had done in 1980). The POK people finally get their stuff released in 1990 (when it is already obsolete) with ES/9000 as ESCON (17mbyte/sec ... still not sufficient to handle 48mbyte/sec "wide" head).
getting to play disk engineer posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
hsdt posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
channel extender posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#channel.extender
FCS & FICON posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon
related post over in linkedin
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mainframe-channel-io-lynn-wheeler/
archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#100 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#102 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#0 Mainframe Channel I/O
others
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-2-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-4-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#53 z/VM 50th - part 4
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#54 z/VM 50th - part 4
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#60 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Air Force Maverick Who Led the "Fighter Mafia Date: 11 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookAir Force Maverick Who Led the "Fighter Mafia
Boyd would tell another Vietnam story about being asked to review a new USAF air-to-air missile. They presented him lots of stats and film where the missile hit flares (on a drone) every time. Boyd said replay the film and asked them to stop it just before the missile hit the flare and asked what sort of guidance does it have. They say heat seeking ... he asks what sort of heat seeking ... and eventually got them to say "pin-point" heat seeking. He then asks what is the hottest part of a jet. They say the jet engine. He says no, its in the plume 30yrds behind the jet .. the missile will be lucky to hit 10% of time ... when it is shooting straight up the tailpipe. They gather up all their material and leave. Roll forward to Vietnam and he is proved correct. Boyd claims that the USAF general on the ground in Vietnam, at one point grounds all fighter jets and had the USAF missiles replaced with Navy sidewinders (with better than twice the hit rate of USAF missile). The general lasts three months before being replaced and called to Pentagon, he had violated fundamental Pentagon USAF rules ... reducing USAF budget ... but the absolute worst was increasing the Navy budget (using Navy missiles instead of USAF).
Boyd posts and URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Hold Auditors Accountable for Complicity in Corporate Fraud Date: 11 Aug 2022 Blog: LinkedInHold Auditors Accountable for Complicity in Corporate Fraud
... rhetoric in congress was that Sarbanes-Oxley would prevent future
ENRONs and guarantee that executives and auditors did jailtime
... however it required SEC to do something.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarbanes%E2%80%93Oxley_Act
ENRON scandal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enron_scandal
Possibly because GAO didn't believe SEC was doing anything, GAO
started doing reports of fraudulent financial filings, even showing
they increased after SOX went into effect (and nobody doing
jailtime). Joke was that SOX was done as a gift to the audit industry,
because congress felt badly that one of the "big five" went out of
business. GAO references:
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-03-138
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-678
http://www.gao.gov/products/GAO-06-1053R
On July 24, 2006, we issued a report to Congress entitled, Financial
Restatements: Update of Public Company Trends, Market Impacts, and
Regulatory Enforcement Activities. That report included a listing of
1,390 financial restatement announcements that we identified as having
been made because of financial reporting fraud and/or accounting
errors between July 1, 2002, and September 30, 2005. As part of that
work, Congress asked that we provide a limited update of that database
for the period October 1, 2005, through June 30, 2006.
.... snip ...
The other comment was possibly the only useful thing in SOX was about whistleblowers (in the congressional Madoff hearings, the person that tried unsuccessfully for a decade to get SEC to do something about Madoff, pointed out that tips/whistle blowing has turned up 13 times more fraud than audits). Trivia; SEC's hands were forced with Madoff when he turned himself in (gossip is that he was looking for gov. protection after he had defrauded some specific people)
SOX posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#sarbanes-oxley
ENRON Posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#enron
fraudulent financial reporting posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fraudulent.financial.filings
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
Madoff posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#madoff
whistleblower posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#whistleblower
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Trump received subpoena before FBI search of Mar-a-lago home Date: 12 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookTrump received subpoena before FBI search of Mar-a-lago home.
... trivia: Congress served subpoena on president & white house for records/materials related to iran/contra ... rather than stone walling (which might have resulted in search warrant by FBI) ... executive branch material (including classified) was searched and the applicable material turned over to congress (sometimes referred to Ollie North affair)
This was the white house and sitting president ... not former president.
... when the senior Bush was VP and repeatedly claimed no knowledge
of Iran/Contra because he was fulltime administration person creating
S&L crisis ... later found responsible for Iran/Contra ... some past
posts mentioning S&L crisis (and iran/Contra)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#s&l.crisis
The North & Iran/Contra was 80s, Reagan administration
http://nsarchive2.gwu.edu/white_house_email/
1982 - The National Security Council (NSC) staff at the White House
acquires a prototype electronic mail system, from IBM, called the
Professional Office System (PROFs).
April 1985 - The PROFs e-mail system becomes fully operational within
the NSC, including not only the full staff, but also home terminals
for the National Security Adviser, Robert "Bud" McFarlane, and his
deputy, Admiral John M. Poindexter.
... snip ...
OfficeVision
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_OfficeVision
PROFS and its e-mail component, known colloquially as PROFS Notes,
featured prominently in the investigation of the Iran-Contra
scandal. Oliver North believed he had deleted his correspondence, but
the system archived it anyway. Congress subsequently examined the
e-mail archives.[1].
... snip ...
PROFS
http://www-03.ibm.com/ibm/history/ibm100/us/en/icons/networkbus/
PROFS changed the way organizations communicated, collaborated and
approached work when it was introduced by IBM's Data Processing
Division in 1981. The next year, the White House adopted a prototype
email system of the PROFS system for the US National Security Council
(NSC) staff, and soon PROFS became the most popular office system for
companies needing a central shared way of communicating and working,
along with managing the increasing flow of information.
... snip ...
... trivia: The PROFS group gathered several internal applications for wrapping menus around. For email, they acquired a very early prototype of VMSG. When the VMSG author tried to offer them a much enhanced and mature version, they tried to have him fired (having taken credit for everything in PROFS). The whole thing quieted down when the VMSG author demonstrated his initials in every PROFS email (in non-displayed field). After that the VMSG author only shared his source with me and one other person.
a few past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#71 Trump White House Senior Staff Have Private RNC Email Accounts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#68 Trump White House Senior Staff Have Private RNC Email Accounts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#93 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#27 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#53 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
a few recent profs/vmsg posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#29 IBM Cloud to offer Z-series mainframes for first time - albeit for test and dev
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#2 Dataprocessing Career
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#89 IBM PROFs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#83 Happy 50th Birthday, EMAIL!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#23 Programming Languages in IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#86 IBM EMAIL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#68 IBM ITPS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#50 PROFS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#33 IBM/PC 12Aug1981
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#30 Departure Email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#48 Cloud Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#65 IBM Computer Literacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#37 HA/CMP Marketing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#108 IBM HONE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#96 PROFS and Internal Network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#20 Internal Telephone Message System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#75 CP67 & EMAIL history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#54 PROFS, email, 3270
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#25 LikeWar: The Weaponization of Social Media
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#5 DOS & OS2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#15 Old word processors
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#20 IBM Profs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#18 IBM Profs
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Gangsters of Capitalism Date: 13 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookGangsters of Capitalism
Smedley Butler
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smedley_Butler
Business Plot
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Plot
War Is a Racket
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_Is_a_Racket
Confessions of an Economic Hit Man
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confessions_of_an_Economic_Hit_Man
War profiteering
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_profiteering
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
racism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#racism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality
military-industrial(-congressional) complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
posts mentioning mahan
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#119 What Minimum-Wage Foes Got Wrong About Seattle
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#60 "The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt" ... and relationship with Mahan
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#55 US Entering New Era of Dirty Wars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#81 weird power trivia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#66 Revamped PDP-11 in Brooklyn
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#43 Revamped PDP-11 in Honolulu or maybe Santa Fe
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#75 Before the Internet: The golden age of online services
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014b.html#38 Can America Win Wars
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#40 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#78 Has the US Lost Its Grand Strategic Mind?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#57 How to Cut Megabanks Down to Size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#26 Cultural attitudes towards failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#71 Is orientation always because what has been observed? What are your 'direct' experiences?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#34 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#32 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#29 Cultural attitudes towards failure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#26 Strategy subsumes culture
posts mentioning smedley butler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#24 The Rachel Maddow Show 7/25/22
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#38 Wall Street's Plot to Seize the White House
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#51 Haiti, Smedley Butler, and the Rise of American Empire
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#9 Capitol rioters' tears, remorse don't spare them from jail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#104 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#56 "We are on the way to a right-wing coup:" Milley secured Nuclear Codes, Allayed China fears of Trump Strike
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#54 The Kill Chain
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#37 9/11 and the Saudi Connection. Mounting evidence supports allegations that Saudi Arabia helped fund the 9/11 attacks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#33 Afghanistan's Corruption Was Made in America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#101 The War in Afghanistan Is What Happens When McKinsey Types Run Everything
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#96 The War in Afghanistan Is What Happens When McKinsey Types Run Everything
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#38 $10,000 Invested in Defense Stocks When Afghanistan War Began Now Worth Almost $100,000
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#67 Does America Like Losing Wars?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#50 Who Authorized America's Wars? And Why They Never End
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#22 What America Didn't Understand About Its Longest War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#80 After WW2, US Antifa come home
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#21 A People's Guide to the War Industry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#96 How Ike Led
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#91 American Nazis Rally in New York City
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#66 Democracy is a threat to white supremacy--and that is the cause of America's crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#32 Fascism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#145 The Plots Against the President
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#112 When The Bankers Plotted To Overthrow FDR
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#107 The Great Scandal: Christianity's Role in the Rise of the Nazis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#106 OT, "new" Heinlein book
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#91 OT, "new" Heinlein book
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#69 Profit propaganda ads witch-hunt era
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#63 Profit propaganda ads witch-hunt era
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#36 Is America A Christian Nation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#17 Family of Secrets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#41 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#105 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#60 The Illusion Of Victory: America In World War I
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#23 Ironic old "fortune"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#69 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#38 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#11 Smedley Butler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#3 Smedley Butler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#2 Smedley Butler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#79 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#39 Failure as a Way of Life; The logic of lost wars and military-industrial boondoggles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#31 Putin holds phone call with Obama, urges better defense cooperation in fight against ISIS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#31 I Feel Old
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#3 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015c.html#13 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#58 Singer Cartons of Punch Cards
ohter posts mentioning Sullivan & Cromwell
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#62 Empire Burlesque. What comes after the American Century?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#113 The New New Right Was Forged in Greed and White Backlash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#28 Capitol rioters' tears, remorse don't spare them from jail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#7 The COVID Supply Chain Breakdown Can Be Traced to Capitalist Globalization
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#80 "The Spoils of War": How Profits Rather Than Empire Define Success for the Pentagon
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#20 Trashing the planet and hiding the money isn't a perversion of capitalism. It is capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#59 WW2 Strategic Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#33 Fascism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#161 Fascists
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#62 Profit propaganda ads witch-hunt era
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#42 Corporations Are People
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#30 OT, "new" Heinlein book
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#23 Radical Muslim
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#98 How Journalists Covered the Rise of Mussolini and Hitler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#76 The Coming of American Fascism, 1920-1940
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#92 Holocaust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#65 The Forever War Is So Normalized That Opposing It Is "Isolationism"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#58 Forget China - it's America's own economic system that's broken; US weakness is inbuilt
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#29 How corporate America invented 'Christian America' to fight the New Deal
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#81 LUsers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#44 People are Happier in Social Democracies Because There's Less Capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#34 The Rise of Leninist Personnel Policies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#50 More Americans Supported Hitler Than You May Think
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#30 Scientists Just Laid Out Paths to Solve Climate Change. We Aren't on Track to Do Any of Them
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#19 A Tea Party Movement to Overhaul the Constitution Is Quietly Gaining
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#33 old grudges, Computers, anyone?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#103 tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#102 The Persistent Myth of U.S. Precision Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#61 How American Racism Influenced Hitler; Scholars are mapping the international precursors of Nazism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#81 What Lies Beyond Capitalism And Socialism?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#67 IBM's Chief Executive's Message to Shareholders 75 Years Ago
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#72 Doubts about the HR departments that require knowledge of technology that does not exist
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#60 Revealed - the capitalist network that runs the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#45 More Guns Do Not Stop More Crimes, Evidence Shows
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#109 The Man From Sullivan & Cromwell
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#13 Predicting the future in five years as seen from 1983
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#8 The First World War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#70 Russia Invaded Japanese Islands With U.S. Ships -- After Japan Surrendered
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#31 The U.S. was not founded as a Christian nation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#35 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#24 What if the Kuomintang Had Won the Chinese Civil War?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#102 75 years ago, Hitler invaded Poland. Here's how it happened
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#98 endless medical arguments, Disregard post (another screwup)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#97 Business as Usual: The Long History of Corporate Personhood
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#41 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#69 The knives are out for Trump's national security adviser H.R. McMaster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#55 Should America Have Entered World War I?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017c.html#91 Godwin's Law should force us to remember & fear our shared heritage with Nazi Germany
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#54 Mary Jo White Seriously Misled The US Senate To Become SEC Chair
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#63 One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#9 Wall Street Preparing Dodd-Frank Rule Workaround
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#94 The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#56 "One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#27 British socialism / anti-trust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#88 "Computer & Automation" later issues--anti-establishment thrust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#49 Fateful Choices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#11 Study: Cost of U.S. Regulations Larger Than Germany's Economy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#78 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#75 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#64 Isolationism and War Profiteering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#49 Corporate malfeasance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#119 For those who like to regress to their youth? :-)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#28 rationality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#26 Putin's Great Crime: He Defends His Allies and Attacks His Enemies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#0 How Corporate America Invented Christian America; Inside one reverend's big business-backed 1940s crusade to make the country conservative again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#7 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#36 Eric Holder, Wall Street Double Agent, Comes in From the Cold
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#29 Eric Holder Returns as Hero to Law Firm That Lobbies for Big Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#13 Fully Restored WWII Fighter Plane Up for Auction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#86 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#69 past of nukes, was Future of support for telephone rotary dial ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#13 Keydriven bit permutations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#62 IBM Data Processing Center and Pi
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#28 channel islands, definitely not the location of LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#36 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#11 UK government plans switch from Microsoft Office to open source
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Gangsters of Capitalism Date: 13 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
pg174/loc 3411-15:
In January 1989, a former director of the CIA, George Herbert Walker
Bush, became president of the United States. Noriega, who had started
working with Bush in 1976, must have thought he had won the
lottery. 59 But with the Cold War coming to an end, Bush was pivoting
to a War on Drugs as a new frontier for defense contracts,
surveillance, and a pretext for military control.
pg176/loc 3444-47:
The banking system housed in those towers—the system first set up in
Panama by financiers such as Ramón Arias and their American
friends—ultimately eclipsed the value of the canal itself. The bankers
who occupy those buildings have outdone Noriega, not to mention the
gangs of El Chorrillo, in brazenness: much of an estimated $7.6
trillion in worldwide hidden offshore holdings—8 percent of the
world's wealth—flows across the isthmus under the cover of generous
bank secrecy laws.
pg176/loc 3453-57:
In 2016, millions of documents were leaked from the Panamanian law
firm Mossack Fonseca. Nicknamed the Panama Papers, they revealed a
global network of shell corporations used to commit fraud and evade
taxes and international sanctions. The money of drug traffickers, the
most powerful families in the Chinese Communist Party, Russian mafia,
and American billionaires mixes, flows, and comes out untraceably
clean along the banks of the Panama Canal. Some of the illicit funds
were converted into real estate, in the form of the white-hued
glass-and-steel towers shimmering before us.
... snip ...
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
tax evasion, tax fraud, tax avoidance, tax havens, etc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#tax.evasion
money laundering posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#money.laundering
"team b" posts (Bush selected to replace Colby)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#team.b
military-industrial(-congressional) complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
posts mentioning panama papers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#8 Pandora Papers: 'Biggest-Ever' Bombshell Leak Exposes Financial Secrets of the Super-Rich
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#6 Pandora Papers: 'Biggest-Ever' Bombshell Leak Exposes Financial Secrets of the Super-Rich
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#26 Multinationals shifted $1 trillion offshore, stripping countries of billions in tax revenues, study says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#52 Luxembourg Investigations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#134 12 EU states reject move to expose companies' tax avoidance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#5 Important US technology companies sold to foreigners
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#6 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#6 Panama Papers law firm boss sees tax shelter boom in US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#2 Smedley Butler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#45 OT: DuPont seeks to screw workers of their pensions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#79 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#78 Qbasic
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks Date: 14 Aug 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
wild duck/maverick back to his school days
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
co-worker at IBM cambridge science through the 70s and then we
transferred to san jose research in 1977 (he passed aug2020) was
responsible for the internal network which was larger than
arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime mid/late
80s ... book about being bullied as a child: brutal US culture of
bullying, stamping out creativity and enforcing conformity, "It's Cool
to Be Clever: The Story of Edson C. Hendricks, the Genius Who Invented
the Design for the Internet"
https://www.amazon.com/Its-Cool-Be-Clever-Hendricks/dp/1897435630/
IT'S COOL TO BE CLEVER tells the true story of an inquisitive boy in
the 1950s who doesn't fit in at school. Edson Hendricks is bullied
because he is so smart (people accuse him of getting answers from his
father who is the principal) and has red hair. He finds comfort in an
imaginary world where he has machine parts, and no internal organs or
emotions.
... snip ...
Who Invented the Interrnet? | It's Cool To Be Clever - Bullying
vs. Genius
https://www.facebook.com/who.invented.the.internet/
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
bitnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
Boyd posts and URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
"How To Stuff A Wild Duck", 1973, IBM poster
https://collection.cooperhewitt.org/objects/18618011/
some past posts mentioning book about Edson
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#37 IBM 37x5 Boxes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#16 My Story: How I Was "Groomed" by My Elementary School Teachers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#82 We Have a Creativity Problem
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#100 What Industrial Societies Get Wrong About Childhood
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#23 NOW the web is 30 years old: When Tim Berners-Lee switched on the first World Wide Web server
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#35 Cloud computing's destiny
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#99 IQ tests can't measure it, but 'cognitive flexibility' is key to learning and creativity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#29 Quic gives the internet's data transmission foundation a needed speedup
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#74 WEB Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#55 SHARE (& GUIDE)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#7 IBM100 - Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#4 IBM Internal Network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#12 The Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#83 IBM SNA/VTAM (& HSDT)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#78 Air Force opens first Montessori Officer Training School
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#47 MAINFRAME (4341) History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#103 IBM Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#87 IBM Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#86 Dail-up banking and the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#54 In the 1970s, Email Was Special
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#11 IBM PCjr
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#0 The modern education system was designed to teach future factory workers to be "punctual, docile, and sober"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#141 IBM and Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#86 5 milestones that created the internet, 50 years after the first network message
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#3 The One Type of Game That Kills Creativity and Innovation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#35 The People Who Invented the Internet: #Reviewing The Imagineers of War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#90 DNS & other trivia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#67 Range
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Security Chips and Chip Fabs Date: 14 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookEarly/mid 80s, majority of IBM revenue from mainframe hardware. Turn of century claim was mainframe hardware was only a few percent of IBM revenue (and dropping). Around 2012, analysis was mainframe hardware was only a couple percent of IBM revenue (and still dropping), but mainframe group was 25% of IBM revenue (and 40% of profit) ... nearly all software and services.
Also take total mainframe percent of total revenue, divided by cost of max. configured EC12 mainframe, times number of processors in max. configured EC12, divided by estimated number of processor chips in wafer (wafer area divided by size of processor chip), resulted in total lifetime EC12 processor requirements handled by approx. half dozen wafers.
Each new generation fab running $2B-$5B per ... and chip fabs
producing (and selling) 20,000 to 150,000 wafers/month (needing to
recover investment within lifetime of fab)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_semiconductor_fabrication_plants
not exactly something IBM was in the business of doing?
After leaving IBM, I did a "security chip" ... session at 1998 NIST
security conference I would say I was taking a $500 milspec chip, cost
reducing by couple orders of magnitude and making it more secure. Big
part was careful design of security features in smallest number of
circuits ... along with new generations of smaller circuits and 300mm
wafers ... much of the cost reduction was by drastically increasing
chips/wafer ... but ran into limit where the old process of "sawing"
the wafers, the area of the saw cuts was more than the chip
area. Needed to wait for new process from RFID chip technology that
drastically reduced area required to slice wafers into individual
chips. I got prototype chip from new Infineon security fab in Dresden
(certified by both german & us govs). Lead TD for the Information
Assurance Directorate was running panel discussion on assurance in the
trusted computing track at 2001 IDF asked me to talk. Person running
TPM was in the front row, so I quipped it was nice to see TPM chip
starting to look more like mine ... he answered back that I didn't
have a committee of 200 people helping with the design ... gone 404,
but lives on at wayback machine.
https://web.archive.org/web/20011109072807/http://www.intel94.com/idf/spr2001/sessiondescription.asp?id=stp%2bs13
assurance posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subintegrity.html#assurance
trusted computing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#trusted.computing
posts mentioning mainframe group was 25% of revenue and 40% of profit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#12 What is IBM SNA?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#71 FedEx to Stop Using Mainframes, Close All Data Centers By 2024
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#45 IBM Chairman John Opel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#35 IBM 37x5 Boxes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#98 IBM Systems Revenue Put Into a Historical Context
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#54 Automated Benchmarking
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#18 IBM email migration disaster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#3 Will The Cloud Take Down The Mainframe?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#80 IBM: Buying While Apathetaic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#35 Transition to cloud computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#33 The Pentagon still uses computer software from 1958 to manage its contracts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#63 Major firms learning to adapt in fight against start-ups: IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#95 PDP-11 question
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#86 IBM Train Wreck Continues Ahead of Earnings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#23 IBM "Breakup"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#62 Big Shrink to "Hire" 25,000 in the US, as Layoffs Pile Up
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#52 MVS Posix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#19 Linux Foundation Launches Open Mainframe Project
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#85 a bit of hope? What was old is new again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#30 Why on Earth Is IBM Still Making Mainframes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#155 IBM Continues To Crumble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#84 Is end of mainframe near ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#80 IBM Sales Fall Again, Pressuring Rometty's Profit Goal
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#35 Reports: IBM may sell x86 server business to Lenovo
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#13 System/360--50 years--the future?
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 360/67 & DUMPRX Date: 15 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookI had loads of "green" cards of various vintage ... but only one "360/67" blue card ... got it from one of the inventors of GML when I joined the science center (GML selected because they are 1st letters of inventors last name)
blue card also had sense data for several devices, i replicated in the cms ios3270 "green card"
bitsavers 360 functional characteristics
http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/functional_characteristics/
360/67 funcChar
http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/functional_characteristics/A22-6898-1_360-50_funcChar_1967.pdf
http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/functional_characteristics/GA27-2719-2_360-67_funcChar.pdf
bitsavers reference cards
http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/referenceCard/
http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/referenceCard/
Early on, when REX was first created, I wanted to demonstrate that it (before renamed REXX and released to customers) wasn't just another pretty scripting language ... so I chose the large assembler IPCS dump analyzer to redo in REX ... objective was to take 3months elapsed working less than half time, resulting in ten times the function and running ten times faster (slight of hand to make interpreted REX implementation run faster than the assembler version). Including formating storage segments, instruction sequences or given dsect maclib member format storage according to dsect, etc. I finished early so developed library of automated scripts that would search for common failure signatures.
I had expected REX IPCS implementation, "DUMPRX" would be released to customers, in part since nearly every internal datacenter and IBM PSR made use of it. However for various reasons it wasn't ... but I did get IBM permissions to do user group presentations (at Baybunch and SHARE) on how I had done the implementation ... and within a few months, similar non-IBM versions began appearing.
Then in 1986, the 3090 service processor people wanted to include it
in the 3092
https://web.archive.org/web/20230719145910/https://www.ibm.com/ibm/history/exhibits/mainframe/mainframe_PP3090.html
The 3092 service processor started out as highly modified VM370/CMS
running on 4331 with CMS/IOS3270 implementing all the service screens,
this was then updated to a pair of 4361s. Some old email:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#email861031
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#email861223
There was also CMS IOS3270 "greencard" version done ... I've done q&d
conversion to HTML (see bottom for info about original in IOS3270)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/gcard.html
recent post over in linkedin
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
dumprx posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dumprx
sgml, gml, script, etc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#sgml
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: COMTEN - IBM Clone Telecommunication Controller Date: 15 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookCOMTEN was one of the IBM clone telecommunication boxes
trivia: within year of taking two credit hr intro to
fortran/computers, univ. hired me full time responsible for os360
running on 360/67 (originally sold for tss/360 which never came to
production fruition ... so mostly ran as 360/65
w/os360). Univ. shutdown datacenter over the weekends ... so I had the
whole place dedicated to myself, although 48hrs w/o sleep sometimes
made monday classes hard. Then 3people from IBM science center came
out and installed CP67 (3rd after cambridge itself and mit lincoln
labs) ... and I got to mostly play with it on my weekend dedicated
time. CP67 had 1052 & 2741 terminal support with automagic terminal
type identification. Univ. had some number of tty/33 terminals so I
added ascii support integrated with automagic terminal type (any
terminal on almost any port and it would identify type correctly). I
wanted to have single phone number for all terminal types ... hunt
group
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_hunting
didn't quite work since IBM had taken short cut and hard wired line
speed for each port.
Thus was born the univ project to build our own clone controller
... building (wire-wrap) channel interface board for Interdata/3
programmed to emulate the IBM controller with the addition of
supporting automatic line speed. Later it was enhanced with
Interdata/4 for the channel interface and cluster of Interdata/3s for
the port interfaces. Interdata (and later Perkin/Elmer) sell it
commercially as IBM clone controller. Four of us at the univ. get
written up responsible for (some part of the) clone controller
business.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interdata
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkin-Elmer#Computer_Systems_Division
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent_Computer_Corporation
I ran into somebody in the late 80s ... claiming that they were still selling the boxes with (apparently?) the same wire-wrap channel interface board design. I was visiting datacenter around the turn of the century that had a descendant of the box ... they claimed it was handling the majority of all dial-up POS card swipe terminals east of the mississippi.
plug compatible boxes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: COMTEN - IBM Clone Telecommunication Controller Date: 15 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
some of the MIT/7094 CTSS people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System
went to the 5th flr, project mac, and MULTICS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multics
... folklore is some of the Bell Multics people then did UNIX as
simplified Multics
Others went to the 4th flr, IBM Cambridge Science Center, did virtual machine CP40/CMS (on 360/40 with hardware mods for virtual memory, morphs into CP67/CMS when 360/67 standard with virtual memory becomes available, precursor to vm370), online and performance apps, CTSS RUNOFF redid for CMS as SCRIPT, GML invented at science center in 1969 (and GML tag processing added to SCRIPT, a decade later GML morphs into ISO SGML and after another decade morphs into HTML at CERN), networking, etc.
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
ibm plug compatible controller posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
One of the people that was at project MAC & Multics ... joined one of
the ibm science center (cp67, virtual machine) commercial online
spinoffs in the 60s. When I graduated, got offer from both them (out
in Waltham) and the science center. Part of the recruitment was copy
of "First Financial Language" ... a decade later he joined with
another to do a startup that did the first spreadsheet
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VisiCalc
... trivia ... the 60s commercial online spinoffs of the science
center relatively quickly moved up the value stream, specializing in
services for the financial industry
other UNIX trivia, port to non-DEC
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkin-Elmer#Computer_Systems_Division
Perkin-Elmer was involved in computer manufacture for a time. The
Perkin-Elmer Computer Systems Division was formed through the purchase
of Interdata, Inc., an independent computer manufacturer, in 1973-1974
for some US$63 million.[4][5] This merger made Perkin-Elmer's annual
sales rise to over US$200 million.[5] This was also known as
Perkin-Elmer's Data Systems Group.[6] The 32-bit computers were very
similar to an IBM System/370, but ran the OS/32MT operating system.
The Wollongong Group provided the commercial version of the Unix port
to the Interdata 7/32 hardware, known as Edition 7 Unix. The port was
originally done by the University of Wollongong in New South Wales,
Australia, and was the first UNIX port to hardware other than the
Digital Equipment Corporation PDP family.[7] By 1982, the Wollongong
Group Edition 7 Unix and Programmer's Workbench (PWB) were available
on models such as the Perkin-Elmer 3210 and 3240 minicomputers. In
1985, the computing division of Perkin-Elmer was spun off as
Concurrent Computer Corporation.[8]
... snip ...
CP/CMS refs
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/CMS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversational_Monitor_System
some more CP67/CMS and VM370/CMS history
https://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda#VMHist
some recent z/vm 50th (part 1)
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-2-lynn-wheeler/
z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
z/VM 50th - part 4
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-4-lynn-wheeler/
.. and archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#53 z/VM 50th - part 4
other posts mentioning first financial language
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#28 IBM Cambridge Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#49 4th generation language
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#92 Cobol and Jean Sammet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#23 report writer alternatives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#67 RDBMS, SQL, QBE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#136 Half an operating system: The triumph and tragedy of OS/2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#16 The amount of software running on traditional servers is set to almost halve in the next 3 years amid the shift to the cloud, and it's great news for the data center business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#4 IBM Midrange today?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#85 z/VM Live Guest Relocation
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM/PC Date: 16 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookIBM/PC
I ordered on employee discount/purchase plan when it was announced. Internal deliveries took so long ... by the time mine was delivered, the street price had dropped below the employee discount ... I would have been better off not using the employee purchase plan.
long ago and far away, home office, personal IBM/PC with extra memory board and software using some of extra memory for electronic disk, mouse, two external half-height 80trk floppy drives w/software format 10sectors/track , cover over two internal disks designed to cut noise, ibm tieline, printer, two monitors, internal hayes-compatible 2400 baud IBM encrypting modem
some of the MIT/7094 CTSS people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System
went to the 5th flr, project mac, and MULTICS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multics
(and folkore, UNIX as a simplified version of MULTICS)
Others went to the 4th flr, IBM Cambridge Science Center, did virtual machine CP67/CMS, precursor to vm370
before msdos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS
there was Seattle computer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle_Computer_Products
before Seattle computer, there was cp/m
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/M
before developing CP/M, kildall worked on CP/67-CMS at npg (gone 404,
but lives on at the wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20071011100440/http://www.khet.net/gmc/docs/museum/en_cpmName.html
npg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Postgraduate_School
Opel's obit ...
https://www.pcworld.com/article/243311/former_ibm_ceo_john_opel_dies.html
it was Opel who met with Bill Gates, CEO of the then-small software
firm Microsoft, to discuss the possibility of using Microsoft PC-DOS
OS for IBM's about-to-be-released PC. Opel set up the meeting at the
request of Gates' mother, Mary Maxwell Gates. The two had both served
on the National United Way's executive committee.
... snip ...
Some recent z/vm 50th (part 1)
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-2-lynn-wheeler/
z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
z/VM 50th - part 4
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-4-lynn-wheeler/
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
more VM History
https://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda#VMHist
z/vm 50th archived
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#53 z/VM 50th - part 4
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#54 z/VM 50th - part 4
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM/PC Date: 16 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
May be interested in this
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#60 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#67 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
also in the late 80s, communication group was fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computers. senior disk engineer got talk scheduled at annual world-wide internal communication group conference supposedly on 3174 but opened the talk that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division that was seeing drop in disk sales with data leaving datacenters for more distributed computing friendly platforms. The disk division had come up with number of solutions that were constantly being vetoed by the communication group.
... also the workstation division had done their own PC/RT 4mbit token ring cards (PC/AT bus) ... but for RS/6000 with microchannel, AWD was restricted to using PS/2 microchannel cards that had been severely kneecapped by the communication group. The PS2 16mbit token-ring microchannel card had lower card throughput than the PC/RT 4mbit token-ring card
communication group trying to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal
1977, co-worker and I transferred from cambridge science center to san jose research; co-worker was responsible for internal network, technology also used for corporate sponsored bitnet, more about him (also responsible for design of internetworking, see z/VM50th/p3 ref)
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
bitnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
SJR was doing the original sql/relational implementation, System/R and
I worked with Jim Gray and Vera Watson, managed to do technology
transfer to Endicott "under the radar" (while company was preoccupied
with "EAGLE", the great new replacement for IMS) for SQL/DS. When
EAGLE implodes, there was request for how fast could System/R be
ported to MVS ... which eventually is released as DB2, originally for
decision/support *ONLY*.
http://www.mcjones.org/System_R/
Jim leaves IBM for TANDEM and palms off bunch of stuff on me.
system/r posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
also late 70s, YKT (research) was doing 801/RISC and corporate effort to move large number of different CISC processors to 801 (low/mid-range 370 microprocessors, controllers, AS/400 follow-on to s/38), for various reasons they all floundered. 801/ROMP was for the displaywriter follow-on. When that got canceled, they decided to retarget to UNIX workstation market and got the company that had done PC/IX (for IBM/PC) which becomes PC/RT and AIX.
801/risc, iliad, romp, rios, pc/rt, rs/6000, power, power/pc, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM/PC Date: 16 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
my wife? in prior life my wife had been in gburg JES group and one of
the co-authors of JESUS specification (JES unified system, all the
features in JES2 and JES3 that the corresponding customers couldn't
live with out, for various reasons it never came to fruition). She was
then con'ed into going to POK to be in charge of loosely-coupled
(cluster) mainframe architecture where she did Peer-Coupled Shared Data
architecture. She didn't remain long because 1) little uptake
(except for IMS hot-standby, until much later with sysplex and
parallel sysplex) and 2) constant battles with communication group
trying to force her into using SNA/VTAM for loosely-coupled
operation. She has story about asking Vern Watts
http://www.vcwatts.org/ibm_story.html
who he would ask to get permission to do IMS hot-standby, he said nobody, he would just tell them when it was all done.
Peer-Coupled Shared Data architecture posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#shareddata
some posts mentioning HASP/ASP, JES2/JES3/JESUS, NJE/NJI, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#hasp
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM/PC Date: 16 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
re: field support & SEs; as I mentioned, after joining IBM, one of my hobbies was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters and my of my longest customers was the world-wide, online sales&marketing support HONE system (dating back to their CP67 days).
Note: TYMSHARE started offering their CMS-based online computer
conferencing system, free to the (mainframe user group) SHARE starting
in Aug 1976 (46yrs ago) ... archives here
http://vm.marist.edu/~vmshare
I cut a deal with TYMSHARE to get monthly tape dumps of all files for putting up on internal network and systems (including HONE). Biggest problem I had was with IBM lawyers who were concerned that internal employees would be contaminated exposed to customer information (and/or find out what executives were claiming customers were saying wasn't what they were actually saying)
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
HONE system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why the Soviet computer failed Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Thu, 18 Aug 2022 13:49:55 -1000Peter Flass <peter_flass@yahoo.com> writes:
How Harvard lost Russia; The best and brightest of America's premier
university came to Moscow in the 1990s to teach Russians how to be
capitalists. This is the inside story of how their efforts led to
scandal and disgrace (gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20130211131020/http://www.institutionalinvestor.com/Article/1020662/How-Harvard-lost-Russia.html
Mostly, they hurt Russia and its hopes of establishing a lasting
framework for a stable Western-style capitalism, as Summers himself
acknowledged when he testified under oath in the U.S. lawsuit in
Cambridge in 2002. "The project was of enormous value," said Summers,
who by then had been installed as the president of Harvard. "Its
cessation was damaging to Russian economic reform and to the
U.S.-Russian relationship."
... snip ...
trivia: I had gotten asked to help figure out how to do 5,000 banks across Russia (@$1M, $5B total) as part of making it a Democratic country, however before it got very far, the US capitalism looting (kleptocracy) put end to efforts.
consistant with "Economic Hit Man" (and author claiming to have been
recruited in Cambridge)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confessions_of_an_Economic_Hit_Man
https://www.amazon.com/New-Confessions-Economic-Hit-Man-ebook/dp/B017MZ8EBM/
https://bkconnection.com/books/title/the-new-confessions-of-an-economic-hit-man
this book sort of interleaves Smedley Butler's biography with what US
continues to do around the world; Gangsters of Capitalism (predating
economic hit man to current day)
https://jonathanmkatz.com/gangsters
https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2022/01/21/maj-gen-smedley-butler-marine-hero-who-saw-himself-racketeer-capitalism/
https://www.c-span.org/video/?517102-1/gangsters-capitalism
https://www.amazon.com/Gangsters-Capitalism-Smedley-Breaking-Americas-ebook/dp/B092T8KT1N/
Smedley Butler was the most celebrated warfighter of his time.
Bestselling books were written about him. Hollywood adored him.
Wherever the flag went, "The Fighting Quaker" went--serving in nearly
every major overseas conflict from the Spanish War of 1898 until the
eve of World War II. From his first days as a 16-year-old recruit at
the newly seized Guantanamo Bay, he blazed a path for empire: helping
annex the Philippines and the land for the Panama Canal, leading
troops in China (twice), and helping invade and occupy Nicaragua,
Puerto Rico, Haiti, Mexico, and more. Yet in retirement, Butler turned
into a warrior against war, imperialism, and big business, declaring:
"I was a racketeer for capitalism."
Award-winning author Jonathan Myerson Katz traveled across the
world--from China to Guantanamo, the mountains of Haiti to the Panama
Canal--and pored over the personal letters of Butler, his fellow
Marines, and his Quaker family on Philadelphia's Main Line. Along the
way, Katz shows how the consequences of the Marines' actions are still
very much alive: talking politics with a Sandinista commander in
Nicaragua, getting a martial arts lesson from a devotee of the Boxer
Rebellion in China, and getting cast as a P.O.W. extra in a Filipino
movie about their American War. Tracing a path from the first wave of
U.S. overseas expansionism to the rise of fascism in the 1930s to the
crises of democracy in our own time, Gangsters of Capitalism tells an
urgent story about a formative era most Americans have never learned
about, but that the rest of the world cannot forget.
... snip ...
some recent refs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#65 Gangsters of Capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#66 Gangsters of Capitalism
Smedley Butler online
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smedley_Butler
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_Is_a_Racket
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Plot
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/War_profiteering
Mahan plays prominent role
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Thayer_Mahan
As does Sullivan & Cromwell especially John Foster Dulles (while at
Sullivan & Cromwell) playing major role in rebuilding Germany's economy
and militry during the 20s up through the early 40s.
https://www.amazon.com/Brothers-Foster-Dulles-Allen-Secret-ebook/dp/B00BY5QX1K/
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
racism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#racism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality
military-industrial(-congressional) complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
posts mentioning people Harvard/US sent over, looting Russia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#37 The Lost Opportunity to Set Post-Soviet Russia on a Stable Course
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#104 Why Nixon's Prediction About Putin and Ukraine Matters
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#95 Larry Summers, the Man Who Won't Shut Up, No Matter How Wrong He's Been
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#76 The "Innocence" of Early Capitalism is Another Fantastical Myth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#132 Ukraine's Post-Independence Struggles, 1991 - 2019
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#92 OT, "new" Heinlein book
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#69 Profit propaganda ads witch-hunt era
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#54 Global Warming and U.S. National Security Diplomacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#52 The global economy is broken, it must work for people, not vice versa
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#15 Don't forget how the Soviet Union saved the world from Hitler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#40 Has Privatization Benefitted the Public?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#85 LUsers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#45 Why Finance Is Too Important to Leave to Larry Summers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#100 tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#75 Nassim Nicholas Taleb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#50 Anatomy of Failure: Why America Loses Every War It Starts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#60 Revealed - the capitalist network that runs the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#82 DEC and HVAC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#14 Predicting the future in five years as seen from 1983
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#66 Innovation?, Government, Military, Commercial
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#35 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#82 John Helmer: Lunatic Russia-Hating in Washington Is 70 Years Old. It Started with Joseph Alsop, George Kennan and the Washington Post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#69 When Working From Home Doesn't Work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#39 Disregard post (another screwup; absolutely nothing to do with computers whatsoever!)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017g.html#83 How can we stop algorithms telling lies?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#69 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#65 View of Russia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#63 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#83 Sleepwalking Into a Nuclear Arms Race with Russia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#56 25th Anniversary Implementation of Nunn-Lugar Act
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#7 Malicious Cyber Activity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#38 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#3 Smedley Butler
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#92 The Lessons of Henry Kissinger
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#105 How to Win the Cyberwar Against Russia
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#22 US and UK have staged coups before
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#59 How Putin Weaponized Wikileaks to Influence the Election of an American President
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#69 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#7 Why was no one prosecuted for contributing to the financial crisis? New documents reveal why
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#39 Failure as a Way of Life; The logic of lost wars and military-industrial boondoggles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#31 Putin holds phone call with Obama, urges better defense cooperation in fight against ISIS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#73 Shout out to Grace Hopper (State of the Union)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#39 Shout out to Grace Hopper (State of the Union)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#16 1970--protesters seize computer center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#122 For those who like to regress to their youth? :-)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#91 Happy Dec-10 Day!!!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#70 Department of Defense Head Ashton Carter Enlists Silicon Valley to Transform the Military
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#26 Putin's Great Crime: He Defends His Allies and Attacks His Enemies
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#45 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#44 No, the F-35 Can't Fight at Long Range, Either
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#30 Analysis: Root of Tattered US-Russia Ties Date Back Decades
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#8 Shoot Bank Of America Now---The Case For Super Glass-Steagall Is Overwhelming
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#5 Swiss Leaks lifts the veil on a secretive banking system
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#1 do you blame Harvard for Puten
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015.html#98 Convicted Fraudster Jonathan Hay, Harvard's Man Who Wrecked Russia, Resurfaces in Ukraine
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Closing Down the Billionaire Factory Date: 18 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookClosing Down the Billionaire Factory. The private equity industry has been running America for four decades. This is how the 'billionaire factory' emerged, and why the public has had enough.
... the industry had gotten such a bad reputation during the S&L crisis that they change their name to private equity and "junk bonds" became "high-yield bonds". In the past there have been business TV interviews where the moderator kept saying "junk bonds", and the guest kept saying "high-yield bonds".
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
S&L crisis posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#s&l.crisis
fiscal responsibility act required gov. spending be covered revenue (and on its way to eliminating all federal debt). 2010 CBO report says after congress lets FRA lapse in 2002, spending increased by $6T and tax revenue decreased by $6T, $12T gap compared to fiscal responsible budget & first time taxes were cut to no pay for two wars, enormous new tax loopholes). Sort of confluence of FEDRES and TBTF (too big to fail) needed huge federal debt, special interests wanting huge tax cuts and military-industrial complex wanting huge spending increase.
fiscal responsibility act posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fiscal.responsibility.act
In jan1999, I was asked to help try and prevent the coming economic mess. I was to improve the securitized mortgage support document integrity, however they then find they can pay the rating agencies for tripl-A rating (when the rating agencies knew they weren't worth triple-A, from Oct2008 congressional testimony), and start doing no-documentation, liar loans, securitize, pay for triple-A, and sell into the bond market doing over $27T 2001-2008. Along the way they can also design securitized instruments to fail, pay for triple-A, sell and take out CDS gambling bets that they would fail.
When economic mess bubble bursts in 2008, SECTREAS convinces congress to appropriate $700B for TARP funds for supposedly for (buying offbook toxic assets) bailing out the too-big-to-fail financial institutions. AIG was largest holder of CDS gambling bets and negotiating to pay off at 50cents on the dollar when SECTREAS steps in, and has them sign a document that they can't sue those making the CDS gambling bets and take TARP funds to pay off at 100cents on the dollar. The largest recipient of TARP funds is AIG and the largest recipient of AIG face-value payoffs was the firm formally headed by the SECTEAS.
conomic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
toxic CDO posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
The real TBTF bailout was done by the Federal Reserves. Just the four
largest TBTF, ye2008, were still holding over $5T in off-book toxic
CDOs. The FED fought a long legal battle to prevent public release of
what they were doing (buying trillions in off-book toxic assets at
98cents on the dollar and providing tens of trillions in ZIRP funds).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zero_interest-rate_policy
When FED lost, the chair held press conference and said that he thought the TBTF would use ZIRP funds to help main street, but when they didn't, he had no way to force them (instead they were buying treasury bonds, trillions in federal debt and making enormous profits). Note, the chair had been partially selected for his study of the depression where the FED had done something similar with the same results (so should have had no expectations for a different result).
trivia, FED could have provided ZIRP funds directly to US Treasury and federal debt would have cost zero. Also the tens of trillions in ZIRP funds met TBTF didn't need deposits&loans to make money ... with the unfortunate(?) side-effect of forcing all sorts of funds into more risky investments.
Too Big To Fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
fed chairman posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#fed.chairman
ZIRP funds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#zirp
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Wealthy Donors Bankroll Christian Nationalists to Sustain Unregulated Capitalism Date: 18 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookWealthy Donors Bankroll Christian Nationalists to Sustain Unregulated Capitalism
regulatory capture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#regulatory.capture
recent, related posts:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#77 Closing Down the Billionaire Factory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#66 Gangsters of Capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#30 The "Animal Spirits of Capitalism" Are Devouring Us
some christian nationalists posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#48 Nationalism in American Politics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#31 The Rachel Maddow Show 7/25/22
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#24 The Rachel Maddow Show 7/25/22
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#72 In U.S., Far More Support Than Oppose Separation of Church and State
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#59 The Uproar Ovear the "Ultimate American Bible"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#98 Christian nationalists are trying to seize power -- but progressives have a plan to fight back
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
racism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#racism
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality
tax fraud, tax evasion, tax avoidance, tax havens
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#tax.evasion
some posts referencing party white supremacist and racism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#114 The New New Right Was Forged in Greed and White Backlash
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#106 The Cult of Trump is actually comprised of MANY other Christian cults
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#65 Apple, Amazon and Google slam 'discriminatory' voting restriction laws
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#94 How Ike Led
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#79 Racism's Loud Echoes in America
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#30 Trump and Republican Party Racism
racism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#racism
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why the Soviet computer failed Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Fri, 19 Aug 2022 09:43:02 -1000maus <maus@dmaus.org> writes:
recent long-winded posts over on linkedin
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-2-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-4-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mainframe-channel-io-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: COBOL and tricks Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers, comp.os.linux.misc Date: Fri, 19 Aug 2022 17:59:29 -1000John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> writes:
Some of the MIT/7094 CTSS people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System
went to the 5th flr, project mac, and MULTICS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multics
... folklore is some of the Bell Multics people then did UNIX as
simplified Multics
Others went to the 4th flr, IBM Cambridge Science Center, did virtual
machine CP40/CMS (on 360/40 with hardware mods for virtual memory,
morphs into CP67/CMS when 360/67 standard with virtual memory becomes
available, precursor to vm370), online and performance apps, CTSS RUNOFF
redid for CMS as SCRIPT, GML invented at science center in 1969 (and GML
tag processing added to SCRIPT, a decade later GML morphs into ISO SGML
and after another decade morphs into HTML at CERN), networking, etc.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/CMS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversational_Monitor_System
some more CP67/CMS and VM370/CMS history
https://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda#VMHist
5flr implemened Multics in PL/1
https://www.multicians.org/pl1.html
http://teampli.net/plisprg.html
https://www.multicians.org/pl1-raf.html
wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PL/I
multics pl/i and derivatives
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PL/I#Multics_PL/I_and_derivatives
Compilers were implemented by several groups in the early 1960s. The
Multics project at MIT, one of the first to develop an operating system
in a high-level language, used Early PL/I (EPL), a subset dialect of
PL/I, as their implementation language in 1964. EPL was developed at
Bell Labs and MIT by Douglas McIlroy, Robert Morris, and others. The
influential Multics PL/I compiler[27] was the source of compiler
technology used by a number of manufacturers and software groups. EPL
was a system programming language and a dialect of PL/I that had some
capabilities absent in the original PL/I.
... snip ...
PL/I goals and principles
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PL/I#Goals_and_principles
other tivia: Jean Sammet (FORMAC and COBOL)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_E._Sammet
was in the IBM Boston Programming Center on the 3rd flr ... after the
decision to make all 370s virtual memory and do VM/370, some of the
people split off from the science center (on the 4th flr) and took over
the Boston Programming Center on the 3rd flr (when they outgrew the 3rd
floor, they moved out to the empty IBM SBC bldg in burlington mall).
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: MGLRU Revved Once More For Promising Linux Performance Improvements Date: 19 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
trivia, 2301 was basically a 2303 that read/wrote four tracks in parallel, 1/4 the number of tracks, each "track" four times larger, and four times the data transfer rate (carefully constructed channel programs to maximize transfers/revolution could hit 270 4kbyte transfers/sec).
some older posts mentioning 2301
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#3 PLX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#54 SHARE MVT Project anniversary
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#47 AS/400 and MVS - clarification please
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#42 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#16 AS/400 and MVS - clarification please
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002c.html#52 Swapper was Re: History of Login Names
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#31 bzip2 vs gzip (was Re: PDP-10 Archive migration plan)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#24 Infiniband's impact was Re: Intel's 64-bit strategy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#23 Infiniband's impact was Re: Intel's 64-bit strategy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#11 Microcode? (& index searching)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002.html#22 index searching
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001l.html#63 MVS History (all parts)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001h.html#26 TECO Critique
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#17 database (or b-tree) page sizes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001c.html#15 OS/360 (was LINUS for S/390)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#18 Linux IA-64 interrupts [was Re: Itanium benchmarks ...]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001.html#17 IBM 1142 reader/punch (Re: First video terminal?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000g.html#42 4M pages are a bad idea (was Re: AMD 64bit Hammer CPU and VM)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000.html#92 Ux's good points.
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#17 S/360 operating systems geneaology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/98.html#12 S/360 operating systems geneaology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/93.html#31 Big I/O or Kicking the Mainframe out the Door
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Why the Soviet computer failed Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 20 Aug 2022 11:39:20 -1000re:
linkedin along with archived copies
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mainframe-channel-io-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#100 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#102 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#0 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#42 IBM Bureaucrats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#60 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#67 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-2-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-4-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#53 z/VM 50th - part 4
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#54 z/VM 50th - part 4
youtube, VM Workshop, VM 50th Anniversary Celebration (precursor CP67 is
54th anniversary from houston spring '68 share meeing)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PT-QOjr8IaE&list=PL5WWepmN1fC2CuvO323tldEMwGJtu0gpE&t=2019s
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
recent (facebook) IBM clone controller post (COMTEN, Interdata,
perkin-elmer, etc)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#70 COMTEN - IBM Clone Telecommunication Controller
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#71 COMTEN - IBM Clone Telecommunication Controller
plug compatible controller posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
and some IBM/PC comments in linkedin post
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#72 IBM/PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#73 IBM/PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#74 IBM/PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#75 IBM/PC
john boyd posts and web URLs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subboyd.html
getting to play disk engineer posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
channel extender posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#channel.extender
FICON (& FCS) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
bitnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internet
NSFNET posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: COBOL and tricks Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers, comp.os.linux.misc Date: Sat, 20 Aug 2022 11:48:22 -1000Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> writes:
decade ago was asked to track down decision to make all 370s with
virtual memory ... basically MVT storage management was so bad that
region sizes had to be specified four times larger than used, a typical
1mbyte 370/165 only had enough memory for four regions ... insufficient
to keep 165 busy and justified. initial move MVT to "VS2 SVS" mapping to
a 16mbyte virtual address space (very similar to running MVT under CP67
in 16mbyte virtual address space) ... increasing regions by factor of
four times with little or no paging. archived AFC post from 11mar2011
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Re: Demolition of Iconic IBM Country Club Complex "Imminent" Newsgroups: alt.folklore.computers Date: Sat, 20 Aug 2022 16:44:43 -1000John Levine <johnl@taugh.com> writes:
There were six copies of 300 some pages printed, along with executive
summary and summary of the summary, were packaged in Tandem 3-ring
binders and set to the executive committee. From summary of summary:
• The perception of many technical people in IBM is that the company is
rapidly heading for disaster. Furthermore, people fear that this
movement will not be appreciated until it begins more directly to affect
revenue, at which point recovery may be impossible
• Many technical people are extremely frustrated with their management and
with the way things are going in IBM. To an increasing extent, people
are reacting to this by leaving IBM Most of the contributors to the
present discussion would prefer to stay with IBM and see the problems
rectified. However, there is increasing skepticism that correction is
possible or likely, given the apparent lack of commitment by management
to take action
• There is a widespread perception that IBM management has failed to
understand how to manage technical people and high-technology
development in an extremely competitive environment.
... snip ...
and from IBM Jargon
https://comlay.net/ibmjarg.pdf
Tandem Memos - n. Something constructive but hard to control; a fresh of
breath air (sic). That's another Tandem Memos. A phrase to worry middle
management. It refers to the computer-based conference (widely
distributed in 1981) in which many technical personnel expressed
dissatisfaction with the tools available to them at that time, and also
constructively criticized the way products were [are] developed. The
memos are required reading for anyone with a serious interest in quality
products. If you have not seen the memos, try reading the November 1981
Datamation summary.
... snip ...
online computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
... but it takes another decade (1981-1992) ... IBM has one of the largest
losses in history of US companies and was being reorged into the 13 "baby
blues" in preparation for breaking up the company. gone behind paywall,
but mostly lives free at wayback machine.
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html
had already left IBM, but get a call from the bowels of Armonk asking if could help with breakup of the company. Lots of business units were using supplier contracts in other units via MOUs. After the breakup, all of these contracts would be in different companies ... all of those MOUs would have to be cataloged and turned into their own contracts. However, before getting started, the board brings in a new CEO and reverses the breakup.
Along the way, got email from former co-workers that top executives weren't paying attention to running the business ... but concentrating on shifting expenses to the current year. We asked our contact from bowels of Armonk. He says that the current year is in the red and they won't get any bonus. However, if they can shift enough expenses from the following year to the current year, even if if only moves it a little into the black ... the way the executive bonus plan is written, they will get bonuses more then twice as large as any previous bonus (effectively getting rewarded for taking the company into the red).
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM CKD DASD Date: 21 Aug 2022 Blog: LinkedInI've claimed that CKD was a 360 60s tradeoff for limited real storage (for cache disk information) and abundant I/O resources (vtoc, pds directories, etc & doing multi-track searches) ... trade-off that started to invert by the mid-70s.
Late 70s, I was told by the MVS DASD group that even if I provided fully functional and tested FBA support (aka 3370 FBA), I still needed a $26M incremental business case ($200M-$300M additional sales) to cover MVS training and documentation changes ... and by-the-way, IBM was selling every disk it was making, so any change from CKD to FBA would just be the same amount of revenue (*AND* as part of justification, I wasn't able to use life-time simplification and savings from changing from CKD to FBA architecture)
Also late 70s, I had been brought into large national grocery running large loosely-coupled complex (dedicated systems for different regions) ... that was running into horrible throughput problems ... after all the standard POK experts had been brought through. I was brought into large classroom with piles of system activity reports covering the tables. After about 30mins I started to recognize that a specific shared disk was peaking around 7 I/Os (aggregate of all activity across all systems) and asked what it was. It was the shared PDS store controller application library ... with 3cyl PDS directory. Turns out avg. directory search was taking avg of 1.5 3330 cyls, one 19track multi-track search a 60rev/sec or or .317sec plus 2nd multi-track search of 9.5 tracks or .158sec for .475sec; followed by seek/search/read the actual (store controller) PDS member application. 3330 was capable of only loading slightly more than two store controller applications per second for all stores in the nation. Solution was to split the store control PDS file into multiple files across multiple disks and creating a unique set of non-shared dedicated store controller file disks for each system.
Note disk hardware was all beginning to migrate to FBA ... even 3380 CKD (can be seen in records/track formulas where record size had to be rounded up to 3380 "cell size"). No real CKD disks have been made for decades, all being simulated on industry standard fixed-block disks.
trivia: after transfer to San Jose Research in 1977, I got to wander
around most IBM & customer locations in silicon valley ... even
getting to play disk engineer across the street over in bldgs 14&15
... recent post over in linkedin
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mainframe-channel-io-lynn-wheeler/
post/comments archived
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#100 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#102 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#0 Mainframe Channel I/O
getting to play disk engineer posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
DASD, CKD, FBA, multi-track search posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#dasd
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 9 Mainframe Statistics That May Surprise You Date: 21 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
related
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#45 IBM deliberately misclassified mainframe sales to enrich execs, lawsuit claims
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#46 IBM deliberately misclassified mainframe sales to enrich execs, lawsuit claims
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#47 IBM deliberately misclassified mainframe sales to enrich execs, lawsuit claims
... stock buybacks used to be illegal because they were considered too easy for executives to manipulate the market
The Great Deformation: The Corruption of Capitalism in America
https://www.amazon.com/Great-Deformation-Corruption-Capitalism-America-ebook/dp/B00B3M3UK6/
pg464/loc9995-10000:
IBM was not the born-again growth machine trumpeted by the mob of Wall
Street momo traders. It was actually a stock buyback contraption on
steroids. During the five years ending in fiscal 2011, the company
spent a staggering $67 billion repurchasing its own shares, a figure
that was equal to 100 percent of its net income.
pg465/loc10014-17:
Total shareholder distributions, including dividends, amounted to $82
billion, or 122 percent, of net income over this five-year
period. Likewise, during the last five years IBM spent less on capital
investment than its depreciation and amortization charges, and also
shrank its constant dollar spending for research and development by
nearly 2 percent annually.
... snip ...
(2013) New IBM Buyback Plan Is For Over 10 Percent Of Its Stock
http://247wallst.com/technology-3/2013/10/29/new-ibm-buyback-plan-is-for-over-10-percent-of-its-stock/
(2014) IBM Asian Revenues Crash, Adjusted Earnings Beat On Tax Rate
Fudge; Debt Rises 20% To Fund Stock Buybacks
https://web.archive.org/web/20140623003038/http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2014-01-21/ibm-asian-revenues-crash-adjusted-earnings-beat-tax-rate-fudge-debt-rises-20-fund-st
The company has represented that its dividends and share repurchases
have come to a total of over $159 billion since 2000.
... snip ...
(2016) After Forking Out $110 Billion on Stock Buybacks, IBM Shifts
Its Spending Focus
https://www.fool.com/investing/general/2016/04/25/after-forking-out-110-billion-on-stock-buybacks-ib.aspx
(2018) ... still doing buybacks ... but will (now?, finally?, a
little?) shift focus needing it for redhat purchase.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-30/ibm-to-buy-back-up-to-4-billion-of-its-own-shares
(2019) IBM Tumbles After Reporting Worst Revenue In 17 Years As Cloud
Hits Air Pocket
https://web.archive.org/web/20190417002701/https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2019-04-16/ibm-tumbles-after-reporting-worst-revenue-17-years-cloud-hits-air-pocket
stock buyback posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#stock.buyback
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM ITOs Date: 21 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookIBM was trying to downsize and in late 80s and early 90s had several programs getting employees to leave ... 1992 it was "split the company (into the 13 "baby blues")" or take more drastic measures to keep the company together.
note: "Barbarians at the Gate"; AMEX was in competition with KKR for
(private equity) LBO (reverse IPO) of RJR and KKR wins. KKR runs into
trouble and hires away AMEX president to help with RJR (later goes on
to be CEO of IBM)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbarians_at_the_Gate:_The_Fall_of_RJR_Nabisco
IBM had one of the largest losses in history of US companies and was
being reorged into the 13 "baby blues" in preparation for breaking up
the company, gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine (Dec1992)
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html
had already left IBM, but get a call from the bowels of Armonk asking
if could help with breakup of the company. Lots of business units were
using supplier contracts in other units via MOUs. After the breakup,
all of these contracts would be in different companies ... all of
those MOUs would have to be cataloged and turned into their own
contracts. However, before getting started, the board brings in a new
CEO and reverses the breakup ... new CEO also used some of the same
techniques at RJR (gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine).
https://web.archive.org/web/20181019074906/http://www.ibmemployee.com/RetirementHeist.shtml
above some IBM related specifics from
https://www.amazon.com/Retirement-Heist-Companies-Plunder-American-ebook/dp/B003QMLC6K/
Trivia: in 1992 AMEX spins off much of its outsourcing and mainframe dataprocessing in the largest IPO (up until that time) as "First Data" ... several of the executives had previously reported to Gerstner (disclaimer: I did some work for FDC hdqtrs).
posts mentioning Gerstner
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
posts mentioning pensions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#pensions
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Foreign Language Date: 22 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookNumerous business trips to Paris right after graduation and joining IBM ... trying to get along with a little high school french ... some amount of criticism about poor pronunciation. At one IBM business meeting (30-40 people) in Paris with a speaker from La Gaude ... somebody from Paris was periodically interrupting and correcting pronunciation ... after that I didn't feel so bad (figured that Parisians treat everybody that way).
trivia: late 70s & early 80s, I was blamed for online computer conferencing (precursor to social media) on the internal network (larger than arpanet/internet from just about the beginning until sometime mid/late 80s) ... folklore is that when corporate executive committee was told, 5of6 wanted to fire me. One of the outcomes is researcher was hired to study/analyze how I communicated, they sat in the back of my office for 9months, taking notes on face-to-face & telephone conversations, got copies of all incoming/outgoing email and screen logs of all instant messages. Results were some research reports, conference presentations, papers, books and Stanford PHD (joint between language and computer AI, winograd was advisor on AI side). The researcher had been ESL (english as second language) instructor in past life and part of the analysis was that I had all the characteristics of non-native English speaker (even tho I have no other native natural language, whatever my native language is, apparently isn't a spoken natural language).
computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: CDC6600, Cray, Thornton Date: 22 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookThornton and Cray do cdc6600
Cray leaves to do Cray Research and Thornton leaves to do Network Systems
hsdt (&/or network systems) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
trivia: first CDC6600s were delivered to national labs .... Jan1979, I was con'ed into doing benchmarks on engineering 4341 for national lab that was looking at getting 70 4341s for compute farm (sort of the leading edge of the coming cluster supercomputer tsunami). The 4341 benchmark numbers were almost the same as CDC6600.
posts mentioning 6600 rain/rain4 benchmark for 4341 compute farm
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#46 VSE timeline [was: RE: VSAM usage for ancient disk models]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#62 64 bit addressing into the future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#44 Resurrected! Paul Allen's tech team brings 50-year-old supercomputer back from the dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#116 How the internet was invented
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#106 DOS descendant still lives was Re: slight reprieve on the z
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#71 Miniskirts and mainframes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#61 I Must Have Been Dreaming (36-bit word needed for ballistics?)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009l.html#67 ACP, One of the Oldest Open Source Apps
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#54 mainframe performance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007d.html#62 Cycles per ASM instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#21 moving on
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006x.html#31 The Future of CPUs: What's After Multi-Core?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#4 misc. old benchmarks (4331 & 11/750)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#19 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#7 CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002b.html#0 Microcode?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000d.html#0 Is a VAX a mainframe?
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: CDC6600, Cray, Thornton Date: 22 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
The 4341 was announced by jan1979 and hadn't yet shipped to customers ... the issue was that they were looking at getting 70 for (cluster) compute farm ... as i said sort of the leading edge of the coming cluster supercomputer tsunami.
Early 80s, I had "HSDT" project, T1 and faster computer links, was
working with NSF director and was suppose to get $20M to interconnect
the NSF supercomputing centers. Then congress cuts the budget, some
other things happen and finally RFP is released (in part based on what
we already had running). Preliminary Announcement (28Mar1986):
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#12
The OASC has initiated three programs: The Supercomputer Centers
Program to provide Supercomputer cycles; the New Technologies Program
to foster new supercomputer software and hardware developments; and
the Networking Program to build a National Supercomputer Access
Network - NSFnet.
... snip ...
hsdt posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
internal IBM politics prevent us from bidding on the RFP. the NSF
director tries to help by writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO) with support from other gov. agencies, but that just makes the internal politics worse
(as did claims that what we already had running was at least 5yrs
ahead of the winning bid, RFP awarded 24Nov87). As regional networks connect in, it becomes
the NSFNET backbone, precursor to modern internet
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/
nsfnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet
At the time, I had already started working on seeing how many early 801/RISC processors I could pack in a rack, and how many racks I could tie together. In 1988, IBM branch office asks if I could help LLNL standardize some stuff they are playing with ... which quickly becomes fibre channel standard (FCS, including some stuff I had done in 1980), initially 1gbit, full-duplex, 2gbit aggregate, 200mbyte/sec.
Posts mentioning FICON and/or FCS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ficon
In 1989 also get HA/6000 (product RIOS 801/risc) and rename it HA/CMP (High Availability Cluster Multi-Processing)
when I start doing technical/scientific cluster scale-up with the
national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with the RDBMS vendors.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_High_Availability_Cluster_Multiprocessing
Jan1992, have meeting with Oracle in Ellison's conference room on cluster scale-up, 16way by mid92, 128way by ye92. Within few weeks, cluster scale-up is transferred, announced as IBM supercomputer for technical/scientific *ONLY* (originally announced as 128way by ye92) and we are told we can't work on anything with more than four processors. We leave IBM a few months later.
ha/cmp posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: CDC6600, Cray, Thornton Date: 23 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
Benchmark was fortran program RAIN & RAIN4 provided by national lab,
ran in 35.77 secs on cdc6600 and 36.21secs on (engineering) 4341
(engineering 4341 had processor cycle reduced by 10% as part of
developing machine, weren't yet production machines). Somebody leaked
benchmark results to the press ... and I got some internal backlash
because (endicott's slowed down engineering) 4341 machine was beating
(POK's) 3031. old email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#email790220
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#email790226
above mention's ECPS ... Endicott had con'ed me into doing the
analysis for 138/148 ECPS (selecting 6kbytes of 370 instructions from
vm370 kernel for moving into microcode at a 10:1 speedup) ... ECPS
microcode hadn't yet been redone from 138/148 for the 4331&4341
machines. archived post with original ECPS analysis (highest executed
6kbytes of kernel instructions accounted for 79.55% of kernel time)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/94.html#21
note: when I transferred to San Jose Research ... I got to wander around most IBM & customer datacenters in silicon valley ... including disk engineering (bldg14) and disk product test (bldg15) across the street. At the time they were running prescheduled, stand-alone mainframe testing ... and had mentioned that they had recently tried MVS (for testing) but it had 15min mean-time-between system failure (in that environment). I offered to rewrite the I/O supervisor to make it bullet proof and never fail ... allowing any amount of on-demand concurrent testing (greatly improving productivity).
bldg15, product test would get very early processor engineering machines for doing disk I/O testing ... it had gotten the 1st 3033 outside POK engineering (serial 3or4) and the 1st 4341 outside Endicott engineering. Endicott development would complain I had more 4341 test time than they did. Downside was the disk engineers started having kneejerk to blame me for any of their problems ... and I had to spend increasing amount of my time playing hardware disk engineer.
posts getting to play disk engineer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: CDC6600, Cray, Thornton Date: 23 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
trivia: production 4341s, besides being faster than 3031, clusters were also faster than 3033, much lower cost, much small floor space and lower power&cooling requirements ... at one point high-end POK felt so threatened, managed to convince corporate to cut endicott's allotment of critical 4341 manufacturing component in half. Besides leading edge of the coming cluster supercomputing tsunami ... there were large corporations with orders for hundreds of 4341s for placing out in departmental (non-datacenter environment) areas, sort of leading edge of the coming departmental, distributed computing tsunami
Transfering to SJR, I also got con'ed into helping Jim Gray and Vera
Watson with development of original SQL/relational implementation,
System/R. BofA was early System/R beta test customer and had ordered
60 434s for placing System/R out in branch offices. Note that the
official corporate next big/strategic DBMS project was "EAGLE" (to
replace IMS) ... and while the company was preoccupied with EAGLE,
managed to do tech transfer, under the radar, to Endicott for release
as SQL/DS. Later when "EAGLE" implodes, there is request for how fast
can System/R be ported to MVS ... which is eventually released as DB2,
originally for decision-support *ONLY*. system/r posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
other trivia: 4331/4341 sold into the same mid-range market as DEC VAX
and in about same numbers for small unit numbers, big difference were
the large corporate multi-hundred orders (for departmental distributed
computing). Followon 4361/4381 assumed to see similar explosion in
sales ... but by that time the mid-range market was starting to shift
to workstations and large server PCs. This shows up in this old
archived post with a decade of VAX sales, sliced&diced by year, model,
US/non-US
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002f.html#0
more trivia: IBM's communication group was starting fierce battle
trying to fight off client/server and distributed computing. They
tried to stonewall release of mainframe TCP/IP support, but when they
lost, they changed to it had to be released through their organization
(since the communication group had corporate responsibility for
everything that crossed datacenter walls). What shipped got
44kbyte/sec throughput aggregate using nearly whole 3090 processor. I
then did the enhancements for RFC1044 support and in some tuning tests
at Cray Research between Cray and 4341 got mbyte/sec sustained
transfer using only modest amount of 4341 processor (about 500 times
improvement in bytes moved per instruction executed). rfc1044 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#1044
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: NCAR Fileserver Date: 23 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookNCAR
had developed fileserver for supercomputers using 4341 and (network systems) HYPERCHANNEL. All systems had processor/channel hyperchannel boxes and all ibm disk controllers connected to hyperchannel a515 boxes emulating IBM channels. The supercomputers would communicate with 4341 for data. The 4341 would download necessary (IBM) channel program to A515 and return a token to the supercomputer to execute the IBM channel program ... which would do the program read/write I/O operations directly to/from the supercomputer.
I was possibly the only IBM employee knowledgeable on network systems & hyperchannel ... so I would get periodic calls from the IBM branch office.
posts mentioning HSDT project and/or Network Systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
posts mentioning 801/risc, iliad, romp, rios, pc/rt, rs/6000, power,
power/pc, etc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
trivia: late 80s, IBM senior disk engineer got talk scheduled an internal, annual, world-wide communication group conference, supposedly on 3174 performance ... however he opened the talk that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division. The disk division was seeing data fleeing datacenters to more distributed computing friendly platforms with drop in disk sales. They had come up with a number of solutions, but they were constantly being vetoed by the communication group with their corporate strategic ownership of everything that crossed datacenter walls and fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computing (trying to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm and install base).
senior disk division executive for software only countermeasure was investing in distributed computing startups that would use IBM disks ... and he would periodically ask us to stop by his investments to see if we could provide any help. One was NCAR spinoff, "Mesa Archival" ... porting the 4341 mainframe server to RS/6000s.
posts mentioning communication group responsible for demise
of disk division
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal
other trivia: Some other IBM business units had acquired various
network system gear for testing ... then when they were done, they
would send it all to me. I eventually manage to unload some of the
hyperchannel boxes on Balcones supercomputer center (talked IBM into
making them charitable donation).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J._J._Pickle_Research_Campus
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Foreign Language Date: 23 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
At lowest level was cp msg command used to send msg to another user on the same machine. IBM Pisa science center then did Special Message (superset of VMCF, IUCV, and SMSG combination) for CP/67 ... and rscs/vnet provided support... it was then possible to send cp msg to rscs/vnet directing it to forward msg to user on different machine ... basically instant messaging.
Later SPM was ported to vm370 ... but never released to customers ... although product rscs/vnet shipped with spm support.
Various cms apps (like tell) appeared that encapsulated a lot of the cp gorp ... and for outside internal IBM had to make do with what was available w/o internal enhancements.
trivia: 1980, rex(x) author did client/server multiuser space war game using SPM (including using vnet/rscs to work over distributed multiple machines). Rather quickly "bot" players appeared beating human players. Server was modified for non-linear increase in user power use when responses dropped lower than normal human response ... to somewhat level playing field.
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
description of SPMS, CMS SPM Interface program in this archived
post (with lots of other disccusion about autolog, cmsback, etc)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#16 intersection between autolog command and cmsback (more history)
other posts mentioning SPM:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#96 Enhanced Production Operating Systems II
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#2 IBM Games
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#1 IBM Games
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#81 Peer-Coupled Shared Data
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#33 CMSBACK & VMFPLC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#29 IBM HONE
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#78 IBM Internal network
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#11 Air Force thinking of a new F-16ish fighter
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#62 Early Computer Use
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#46 Watch AI-controlled virtual fighters take on an Air Force pilot on August 18th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#104 The (broken) economics of OSS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#37 CMS style XMITMSG for Unix and other platforms
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#5 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#1 You count as an old-timer if (was Re: Origin of the phrase "XYZZY")
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#17 IBM Destination z - What the Heck Is JCL and Why Does It Look So Funny?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#99 PROFS & GML
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#9 PROFS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#48 1950: Northrop's Digital Differential Analyzer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#93 Costs of core
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014e.html#48 Before the Internet: The golden age of online service
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#1 Application development paradigms [was: RE: Learning Rexx]
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#42 1969 networked word processor "Astrotype"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#38 1969 networked word processor "Astrotype"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013i.html#27 RBS Mainframe Meltdown: A year on, the fallout is still coming
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#77 Spacewar! on S/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#68 Should you support or abandon the 3270 as a User Interface?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#36 PDP-10 system calls, was 1132 printer history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#7 Operating System, what is it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#64 Typeface (font) and city identity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#38 Invention of Email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#24 Inventor of e-mail honored by Smithsonian
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#66 Wasn't instant messaging on IBM's VM/CMS in the early 1980s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#56 VAXen on the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#49 My first mainframe experience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#45 My first mainframe experience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#28 CSC History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010k.html#33 Was VM ever used as an exokernel?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#0 What is the protocal for GMT offset in SMTP (e-mail) header time-stamp?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009n.html#67 Status of Arpanet/Internet in 1976?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#73 Addressing Scheme with 64 vs 63 bits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#41 Was CMS multi-tasking?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#22 Was CMS multi-tasking?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#68 CA to IBM TCP Conversion
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007k.html#25 IBM 360 Model 20 Questions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007f.html#14 more shared segment archeology
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007.html#11 vm/sp1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#8 Why these original FORTRAN quirks?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#47 To RISC or not to RISC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006k.html#51 other cp/cms history
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004q.html#72 IUCV in VM/CMS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#32 z900 and Virtual Machine Theory
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: VM I/O Date: 24 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookthat's better than the MVS group trying to get you fired, when I transferred to San Jose Research ... I got to wander around most IBM & customer datacenters in silicon valley ... including disk engineering (bldg14) and disk product test (bldg15) across the street. At the time they were running prescheduled, stand-alone mainframe testing ... and had mentioned that they had recently tried MVS (for testing) but it had 15min mean-time-between system failure (in that environment). I offered to rewrite the I/O supervisor to make it bullet proof and never fail ... allowing any amount of on-demand concurrent testing (greatly improving productivity). downside was the engineers kneejerk response was any problems were my fault and I had to increasingly spend time playing disk engineer shooting their problems.
Another problem was I had enormously cut the pathlength/elapsed time from interrupt to device redrive. The 3880 controller had special hardware path for 3mbyte/sec transfer but an extremely slow processor for everything else (much slower than 3830). To try and mask how slow, they would present end-of-operation early and assume they could finish up everything before operating system got around to trying to start new operation. MVS was so slow, that it worked every time ... however, I would blow it out of the water, every redrive operation was met with controller busy (CC=1 SM+BUSY), requeue the operation and then have to wait for CUE interrupt to try again (I claim that major motivation for 370/XA I/O changes was countermeasure to the enormous MVS pathlength from interrupt to device redrive).
I then do a internal only IBM report about the work and happen to mention the MVS 15min mean-time-between system failure ... bringing the wrath of the MVS group down on my head ... including trying to have me separated from the company, when that didn't work, they tried to make things unpleasant in other ways (of course they weren't the only ones, folklore is 5of6 corporate executive committee wanted to fire me for online computer conferencing)
posts getting to play disk engineer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#disk
topic drift, getting blamed for online computer conferencing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
some recent comments over in linkedin along with archived copies
Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/mainframe-channel-io-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#100 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#102 Mainframe Channel I/O
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#0 Mainframe Channel I/O
John Boyd & IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#42 IBM Bureaucrats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#60 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#67 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
z/VM 50th
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-2-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-4-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#53 z/VM 50th - part 4
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#54 z/VM 50th - part 4
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 9 Mainframe Statistics That May Surprise You Date: 24 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
older thread: IBM 'misclassified' mainframe sales to enrich executives
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#45 IBM deliberately misclassified mainframe sales to enrich execs, lawsuit claims
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#46 IBM deliberately misclassified mainframe sales to enrich execs, lawsuit claims
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#47 IBM deliberately misclassified mainframe sales to enrich execs, lawsuit claims
IBM did loosely-coupled for 360s, controllers with 2-channel and 4-channel i/o interfaces (going to two & four different systems). In the early 70s, for 3330 drives, there was "string-switch" where string of 3330 drives were connected to two different 3830 controllers and each 3830 could have 4-channel interfaces (allow each 3330 connectivity to eight different systems).
note currently, lots of technology overlap between the huge number of processors, systems, and racks for cluster supercomputing and the huge number of processors, systems and racks in cloud megadatacenters..
megadatacenter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Private Equity For-Profit Colleges Predatory Lending Date: 25 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookfrom 2018:
a couple other posts on for-profit colleges and/or student debt
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#57 Newsflash: Trump and DeVos Do Not Want to Get Government Out of For-Profit College Industry
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#79 The Long Read to the Student Debt Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#53 CALCULATORS
Bill Black: Trump Admin Halts Investigation of For-Profit Colleges
https://www.nakedcapitalism.com/2018/05/bill-black-trump-admin-halts-investigation-profit-colleges.html
Problems with for-profit colleges greatly increased with private
equity moving into the market. Private equity's failing grade: Private
equity investment in for-profit colleges
http://pestakeholder.org/private-equitys-failing-grade-private-equity-investment-in-for-profit-colleges/
As the Trump administration rolls back the greater regulatory scrutiny
the for-profit college industry has faced during the last several
years, it is private equity that stands to benefit the most, posing
continuing dangers to students, taxpayers, and the integrity of the
federal financial aid system.
... snip ...
In the case of for-profit colleges, things was significantly
accelerated when congress was lobbied to exempt student loans from
bankruptcy. Private Student Loan Bankruptcy Rule Traps Graduates With
Debt Amid Calls For Reform
https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/08/14/private-student-loans-bankruptcy-law_n_1753462.html
If she could file bankruptcy to erase the private student loan debt
she owes to Sallie Mae, she would. But because of a 2005 reform law,
private student loans cannot be discharged in bankruptcy, except in
extremely rare cases. Oquendo isn't alone. Today, 2.9 million
Americans have private student loan debt, owing about $150 billion and
representing 15 percent of all student debt.
... snip ...
... 2005 reform law unleashed enormous amounts of predatory lending by "for-profit" educational institutions.
AFR Report: Private Equity's Failing Grade in the For-Profit College
Industry - Americans for Financial Reform - Americans for Financial
Reform
https://ourfinancialsecurity.org/2018/03/afr-report-private-equitys-failing-grade-profit-college-industry/
Private Equity for Education | Mapping Money Flows and Industry Trends
with Mitch Leventhal & Ina Tang
https://equityforeducation.wordpress.com/ Why one major for-profit
college chain taken private the same day another one goes public
https://www.marketwatch.com/story/why-one-major-for-profit-college-chain-taken-private-the-same-day-another-one-goes-public-2017-02-02
this is similar to private equity take-over of beltway bandits and
gov. contractors ... resulting in massive uptic in gov. outsourcing
after turn of century ... part of the issue is that people dealing in
gov. contracts have significant restrictions on lobbying congress
... while private equity owners under no such restriction. Barbarians
at the Capitol: Private Equity, Public Enemy
http://www.motherjones.com/politics/2007/10/barbarians-capitol-private-equity-public-enemy/
Lou Gerstner, former ceo of ibm, now heads the Carlyle Group, a
Washington-based global private equity firm whose 2006 revenues of $87
billion were just a few billion below ibm's. Carlyle has boasted
George H.W. Bush, George W. Bush, and former Secretary of State James
Baker III on its employee roster
... snip ...
... including acquiring beltway bandit that will employ Snowden. Just
intelligence, 70% of the budget and over half the people
http://www.investingdaily.com/17693/spies-like-us which also
significantly accelerates the rapidly spreading success of failure
culture (more profit from series of failures) ... especially large
dataprocessing related projects
http://www.govexec.com/excellence/management-matters/2007/04/the-success-of-failure/24107/
private equity analogy to house flipping ... except they put
"mortgage" on the company books, extract every cent out of the company
and then can flip for less money than they paid (because they don't
have to pay off the loan), and still walk away with enormous amounts
of money. Over half corporate defaults are companies currently or
formally in private equity mill (for-profit companies and
institutions can default, but not the student victims)
http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/05/business/economy/05simmons.html?_r=0
Bill Black was bank examiner during S&L crisis, trivia: Keating Five
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keating_Five
William K. Black
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_K._Black
... note the industry had gotten such a bad reputation during the S&L crisis that they changed the industry name to private equity and junk bonds became "high-yield bonds"
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
S&L crisis posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#s&l.crisis
success of failure posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#success.of.failuree
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Mainframe Cloud Date: 25 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookScience Center and two online commercial spinoffs of the science center put a lot of work into CP67 (vm370 precursor) for optimizing costs & expense. Part of it was having the systems available 7x24 for online use ... and optimizing cost/expense ... especially when offshift use was lightly loaded. This was back in the days when IBM rented/leased computers and IBM charges was based on the system meter (even funny money for internal operations). The system meter would run whenever processor and/or any channel was busy ... so there was work done on letting system meter stop when system wasn't active (required all processors and channels had to be idle for at least 400ms before meter would stop), this included channel programs that would allow channels to stop ... but would be immediately active when there were any incoming (terminal characters). Also lots of work to allow dark room, and no operator. Note in the 70s, long after IBM had switched to selling computers, MVS still had a timer task that would wake up the processor every 400ms, guaranteeing the system meter never stopped.
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
Equivalent to today's clouds is their claim (for a couple decades) that they assemble their own systems for 1/3rd the cost of brand name server blades. IBM mainframe z196 was just before the time when IBM sold off its server blade business. Max-configured z196 went for $30M and industry benchmark (number of iterations compared to 370/158 assumed to be 1MIPS) was 50BIPS ($600,000/BIPS). The standard cloud server blade was E5-2600 for the same benchmark was 500BIPS and IBM's base list price was $1815 or $3.63/BIPS (and cloud self assemble was $1.21/BIPS). IBM then sold off that server blade business about the same time major server chip vendors had press that they were shipping half their product directly to major cloud operators.
A large cloud operator will have half dozen or more megadatacenters around the world, each megadatacenter will have enormous automation with 500,000 or more blade systems (z196 era, aggregate 500,000*500=250,000,000BIPS, 250,000TIPS, 250PIPS) and staffs of 80-120 people. They have so aggressively reduced system costs that they have enormous over capacity to meet peak on-demand requirements and power has increasingly become major cost. They have been putting increasing pressure on chip makers that the chip power use drops to zero ... but are instantly on when needed (somewhat like CP67 letting system meter stop when idle), as well as for green, computing power efficiency. Currently, megadatacenters may be rated in aggregate of EIPS or ZIPS.
cloud megadatacenter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Financial Weapons of Mass Destruction Date: 26 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebook13 Bankers: The Wall Street Takeover and the Next Financial Meltdown
I have a issue with Taleb's black swan with respect to economic mess 2002-2008 and not being able to anticipate the problems. In Jan1999, I had been asked to help try and stop the coming economic mess (we failed). There was lots about risk managers saying that they were forced to fiddle the numbers until the business people got the answers they wanted (allowing them to do what they wanted to do) ... and afterwards a lot of people trying to excuse what happened because the calculations were too complex (when it really was a case of garbage in, garbage out).
There was 2006 article in NYT about Black-Scholes having long tail
(before Taleb's black swan) ... and The "Big Short", pg113/loc1720-25:
Looking into it a bit, Jamie found that the model used by Wall Street
to price LEAPs, the Black-Scholes option pricing model, made some
strange assumptions. For instance, it assumed a normal, bell-shaped
distribution for future stock prices. If Capital One was trading at
$30 a share, the model assumed that, over the next two years, the
stock was more likely to get to $35 a share than to $40, and more
likely to get to $40 a share than to $45, and so on. This assumption
made sense only to those who knew nothing about the company. In this
case the model was totally missing the point: When Capital One stock
moved, as it surely would, it was more likely to move by a lot than by
a little.
... snip ...
... one of the people involved, in 1989 had done analysis of the citibank variable rate mortgage portfolio (at the time largest player in mortgage market) ... running hundreds of variable rate scenarios showing that it would only take slight changes to take down the institution. Citibank then unloads its mortgage portfolio, gets out of the business and needs a private bailout (from Saudis) to stay in business. A decade later citibank is back in the business, securitizing variable rate mortgages (turns out individuals' rewards dwarfed the risk it could take down the institution). There was some speculation that the TBTF bailout was at least partially motivated to minimize the Saudi losses. YE2008, just the four largest TBTF were still holding $5.2T in offbook toxic assets, with the largest held by Citi.
economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
Too Big To Fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
triple-a rated toxic financial instruments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#toxic.cdo
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: When Private Equity Takes Over a Nursing Home Date: 26 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookWhen Private Equity Takes Over a Nursing Home. After an investment firm bought St. Joseph's Home for the Aged, in Richmond, Virginia, the company reduced staff, removed amenities, and set the stage for a deadly outbreak of COVID-19.
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
posts referencing health care (& private equity)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#41 Your Money and Your Life: Private Equity Blasts Ethical Boundaries of American Medicine
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#103 The Private Equity Giant KKR Bought Hundreds Of Homes For People With Disabilities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#82 Is Private Equity Overrated?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#58 Saving $3.5 Trillion on Prescription Drugs to Pay for Bernie Sanders's Big Agenda
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#43 The Long History of Mandated Vaccines in the United States
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#20 Hospitals Face A Shortage Of Nurses As COVID Cases Soar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#78 Fox Hosts Hit Peak Bizarro World: Tucker Lies, Says Fauci 'Created' Covid
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#64 Private Equity Now Buying Up Primary Care Practices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#40 Why do people hate universal health care? It turns out -- they don't
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#7 The Rise of Private Equity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#5 What My Mobster Grandfather Understood About American Capitalism
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#48 'Our Lives Don't Matter.' India's Female Community Health Workers Say the Government Is Failing to Protect Them From COVID-19
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021e.html#0 Patients With Long Covid Face Lingering Worrisome Health Risks, Study Finds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#44 More Evidence That Private Equity Kills: Estimated >20,000 Increase in Nursing Home Deaths
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021c.html#7 More Evidence That Private Equity Kills: Estimated >20,000 Increase in Nursing Home Deaths
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#158 Goliath
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#64 Capitalism as we know it is dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#35 book "Glass House"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#21 Private Equity and Surprise Medical Billing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#43 Private Equity: The Perps Behind Destructive Hospital Surprise Billing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#83 Americans Die Younger Despite Spending the Most on Health Care
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#89 How Private Equity Is Turning Public Prisons Into Big Profits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#42 Capitalism Gone Wild
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#41 Capitalism Gone Wild
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#1 As a grocery chain is dismantled, investors recover their money. Worker pensions are short millions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#64 Mystery of the Underpaid American Worker
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#35 OT: Trump
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#100 Barb
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#69 Has Microsoft commuted suicide
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#34 free, huh, was Bitcoin confusion?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#31 free, huh, was Bitcoin confusion?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#29 free, huh, was Bitcoin confusion?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#78 The Next New Military Specialty Should Be Software Developers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#41 Disregard post (another screwup)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#99 United Air Lines - an OODA-loop perspective
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#94 A 40-year "conspiracy" at the VA
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#18 IBM Pension
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#110 The top 50 hospitals that gouge patients the most
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#97 In American Towns, Private Profits From Public Works
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#63 GOP introduces plan to massively cut Social Security
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#65 A call for revolution
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#53 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#107 Qbasic - lies about Medicare
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#77 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#63 Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#64 How Comp-Sci went from passing fad to must have major
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#30 HP splits, again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#69 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#42 Before the Internet: The golden age of online services
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#18 Before the Internet: The golden age of online services
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#108 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#107 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#106 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#105 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#58 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#17 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#60 spacewar
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012l.html#63 Singer Cartons of Punch Cards
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: Father, Son, and Co.: My Life at IBM and Beyond Date: 27 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookFather, Son, and Co.: My Life at IBM and Beyond
reference to Learson trying to block rise of the careerists and
bureaucrats destroying the Watson legacy
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
management briefing (and references '72 think magazine article)
... then "how to stuff wild duck" 1973 (following Learson's management briefing) ...
recent archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
ascii rendition of "management briefing" poster:
+-----------------------------------------+ | "BUSINESS ECOLOGY" | | | | | | +---------------+ | | | BUREAUCRACY | | | +---------------+ | | | | is your worst enemy | | because it - | | | | POISONS the mind | | STIFLES the spirit | | POLLUTES self-motivation | | and finally | | KILLS the individual. | +-----------------------------------------+ "I'M Going To Do All I Can to Fight This Problem . . ." by T. Vincent Learson, Chairman
"We are convinced that any business needs its wild ducks. And in
IBM we try not to tame them," T.J. Watson. Jr.
https://collection.cooperhewitt.org/objects/18618011/
How to Stuff a Wild Duck
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The Wehrmacht's Last Stand: The German Campaigns of 1944-1945 Date: 28 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookThe Wehrmacht's Last Stand: The German Campaigns of 1944-1945
... while it lists some of the deficiencies of German defense on D-Day ... doesn't get into all of the issues.
"The Wars for Asia, 1911-1949" mentions that during WW2, 3/4s of German military resources went against USSR and 2/3rds of Japanese military resources were on mainland china ... significantly reducing what the rest of the allies had to face.
US had no experience and only had 13 divisions for North Africa.
Marshall would eventually put together a total of 91 divisions for all
theaters ... Africa, Pacific, Mediterranean, Europe, mid-east
... compared to Soviets 500 divisions that were fighting the vast bulk
of German military. List of 91 ww2 divisions
https://www.armydivs.com/
90-division gamble
https://history.army.mil/books/70-7_15.htm
D-day
... and part of horrific fighting on Omaha beach (from US army war
college, free PDF)
https://ssi.armywarcollege.edu/2011/pubs/the-european-campaign-its-origins-and-conduct/
loc2582-85:
The bomber preparation of Omaha Beach was a total failure, and German
defenses on Omaha Beach were intact as American troops came ashore. At
Utah Beach, the bombers were a little more effective because the IXth
Bomber Command was using B-26 medium bombers. Wisely, in preparation
for supporting the invasion, maintenance crews removed Norden
bombsights from the bombers and installed the more effective low-level
altitude sights.
loc5721-22:
Faced by the 500-plus Russian divisions on the Eastern Front, and the
Western Allies resources, the Germans were simply unable to adequately
handle all of the crisis that confronted their forces in the field.
... snip ...
Sand and Steel, what allies faced on D-day
https://www.amazon.com/Sand-Steel-Invasion-Liberation-France-ebook/dp/B07PPVG8HG/
pg19/loc992-98:
However, OB West's remaining twenty-three Bodenstandige (static
position) divisions were either immobile or reserve infantry
formations, with low Kampfwert (combat effectiveness) ratings. They
were assessed as incapable of taking on offensive missions, and
suitable only for limited defence. For the latter's transportation
needs, in Rundstedt's domain there were 115,000 military horses on
strength, a stark reminder of how reliant on these creatures the
German armed forces were in 1944 - by contrast, the Allies would bring
with them not a single equine. 3 A year earlier, roughly twenty-five
per cent of officers stationed in France had fought in Russia; by
1944, this figure had almost doubled to sixty per cent. This did not
necessarily reflect a reinforcement of the west, but a higher
proportion of wounded and convalescing leaders.
pg38/loc1415-18:
It still comes as a surprise to many that the German Army in Normandy
was predominantly horse-drawn. When Second Lieutenant Bob Sheehan of
the US 60th Chemical Company (an outfit responsible for smoke weapons)
breasted a rise over the dunes of Omaha on 7 June, he saw 'a
mind-shattering sight that convinced me the war was as good as won. It
was a dead horse. The poor animal was still attached to the wagon it
had been pulling.
pg39/loc1421-24:
We have already noted that 115,000 of them were assigned to OB West,
with exactly 33,739 on the books of the Seventh Army on 1 March 1944,
and another ten thousand arriving by 1 June. 60 These numbers came as
a shock to Rommel, who, of course, had commanded the 7th Panzer
Division in 1940 and the Afrika Korps in 1941-3, neither of which used
horses.
pg47/loc1600-1604:
The stature of the Nazi war machine, forged in North Africa, Italy and
on the Eastern Front, was still feared in 1944, though demonstrably
hollowed out. It also helped Berlin that the Western Allies,
particularly the 21st Army Group, were also excessively cautious,
which played to the German inclination - despite their convoluted
command - of tactical speed of reaction. Finally, it also suited many
Allied commanders after the war to talk up the prowess of their
opponents, making the achievement of subduing them all the greater.
... snip ...
my wife's father was command of engineering combat group and was some
of the earliest into Germany ... getting collection of German officer
daggers in surrenders. We've been able to find some his WW2 ETO status
reports at College Park National Archive:
On 28 Apr we were put in D/S of the 13th Armd and 80th Inf Divs and
G/S Corps Opns. The night of the 28-29 April we cross the DANUBE River
and the next day we set-up our OP in SCHLOSS PUCHHOF (vic PUCHOFF); an
extensive structure remarkable for the depth of its carpets, the
height of its rooms, the profusion of its game, the superiority of its
plumbing and the fact that it had been owned by the original financial
backer of the NAZIS, Fritz Thyssen. Herr Thyssen was not at home.
Forward from the DANUBE the enemy had been very active, and an intact
bridge was never seen except by air reconnaissance. Maintenance of
roads and bypasses went on and 29 April we began constructing 835' of
M-2 Tdwy Br, plus a plank road approach over the ISAR River at
PLATTLING. Construction was completed at 1900 on the 30th. For the
month of April we had suffered no casualties of any kind and Die
Gotterdamerung was falling, the last days of the once mighty
WEHRMACHT.
... snip ...
... also from a letter home (w/o saying anything about meeting the Russians) he mentions he would have traded his 7yrs of Latin and 3yrs of French for six months of Russian. After end of hostilities, he refused further command in Germany, even after being promised promotion to general (suspect it had something to do with camps; Eisenhower had directed lots of camp pictures to make sure we never forget; and my wife's father had a large album of camp pictures).
military-industrial(-congressional) complex posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#military.industrial.complex
posts mentioning strategic bombing program (& claims that it could
win the war without having to invade Europe)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#25 Twelve O'clock High at IBM Training
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#2 Who Knew ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#46 Under God
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#11 tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#92 The War Was Won Before Hiroshima--And the Generals Who Dropped the Bomb Knew It
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#45 Sand and Steel
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#78 The Forever War Is So Normalized That Opposing It Is "Isolationism"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#69 The Forever War Is So Normalized That Opposing It Is "Isolationism"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#26 D-Day And The Myth That The U.S. Defeated The Nazis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#78 meanwhile in eastern Asia^WEurope, was tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#77 Top CEOs' compensation increased 17.6 percent in 2017; The ratio of CEO-to-worker compensation grew to 312-to-1
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#70 meanwhile in eastern Asia^WEurope, was tablets and desktops was Has Microsoft
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#101 The Persistent Myth of U.S. Precision Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#48 1963 Timesharing: A Solution to Computer Bottlenecks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017k.html#70 Russia Invaded Japanese Islands With U.S. Ships -- After Japan Surrendered
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#47 America's Over-Hyped Strategic Bombing Experiment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#35 Tech: we didn't mean for it to turn out like this
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017j.html#24 What if the Kuomintang Had Won the Chinese Civil War?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#74 When Working From Home Doesn't Work
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#34 Disregard post (another screwup; absolutely nothing to do with computers whatsoever!)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#3 Dunkirk
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#61 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#60 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#41 [CM] What was your first home computer?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#18 5 Naval Battles That Changed History Forever
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#69 The knives are out for Trump's national security adviser H.R. McMaster
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#60 The Illusion Of Victory: America In World War I
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#22 Ironic old "fortune"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#55 Should America Have Entered World War I?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#38 Imperial Hubris
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#83 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#68 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016h.html#32 "I used a real computer at home...and so will you" (Popular Science May 1967)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#63 America's Over-Hyped Strategic Bombing Experiment
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#94 The Brothers: John Foster Dulles, Allen Dulles, and Their Secret World War
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#64 Strategic Bombing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#56 "One Nation Under God: How Corporate America Invented Christian America"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#27 British socialism / anti-trust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#88 "Computer & Automation" later issues--anti-establishment thrust
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#49 Fateful Choices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#91 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#75 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#64 Isolationism and War Profiteering
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#49 Corporate malfeasance
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#31 I Feel Old
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#120 For those who like to regress to their youth? :-)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#119 For those who like to regress to their youth? :-)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#63 [Poll] Computing favorities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#77 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: The Origin of Student Debt Date: 28 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookThe Origin of Student Debt: Reagan Adviser Warned Free College Would Create a Dangerous "Educated Proletariat". In 1970 Roger Freeman, who also worked for Nixon, revealed the right's motivation for coming decades of attacks on higher education.
also
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#97 Private Equity For-Profit Colleges Predatory Lending
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#14 Bill Black: Trump Admin Halts Investigation of For-Profit Colleges
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
inequality posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#inequality
also Milton Friedman in 80s and Reagan ... some recent posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#81 There is No Nobel Prize in Economics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#84 Destruction Of The Middle Class
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#97 Why Companies Are Becoming B Corporations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#96 Why Companies Are Becoming B Corporations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#30 Why Mislead Readers about Milton Friedman and Segregation?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#34 Chicago Boys' 100% Private Pension System in Chile Is in Big Trouble
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#36 We've Structured Our Economy to Redistribute a Massive Amount of Income Upward
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#22 Neoliberalism: America Has Arrived at One of History's Great Crossroads
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021f.html#17 Jamie Dimon: Some Americans 'don't feel like going back to work'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021.html#21 ESG Drives a Stake Through Friedman's Legacy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#25 Huawei 5G networks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#15 The Other 1 Percent": Morgan Stanley Spots A Market Ratio That Is "Unprecedented Even During The Tech Bubble"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#158 Goliath
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#149 Why big business can count on courts to keep its deadly secrets
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#64 Capitalism as we know it is dead
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#51 Big Pharma CEO: 'We're in Business of Shareholder Profit, Not Helping The Sick
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#50 Economic Mess and Regulations
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#32 Milton Friedman's "Shareholder" Theory Was Wrong
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#31 Milton Friedman's "Shareholder" Theory Was Wrong
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#14 Chicago Theory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#48 Here's what Nobel Prize-winning research says will make you more influential
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#73 Wage Stagnation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#68 Wage Stagnation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#117 What Minimum-Wage Foes Got Wrong About Seattle
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#107 Politicians have caused a pay 'collapse' for the bottom 90 percent of workers, researchers say
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018e.html#115 Economists Should Stop Defending Milton Friedman's Pseudo-science
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#83 Economists and the Powerful: Convenient Theories, Distorted Facts, Ample Rewards
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#81 What Lies Beyond Capitalism And Socialism?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#87 Where Is Everyone???
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#82 The Real Reason the Investor Class Hates Pensions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#25 Trump's Infrastructure Plan Is Actually Pence's--And It's All About Privatization
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: American Real Estate Was a Money Launderer's Dream. That's Changing. Date: 28 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookAmerican Real Estate Was a Money Launderer's Dream. That's Changing.
Too Big To Fail were repeatedly caught money laundering for crooks, drug cartels and terrorists (TBTF money laundering was being blamed for drug cartels being able to pay for military grade arms&equipment and the uptic in violence on both sides of the border)
money laundering posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#money.laundering
Too Big To Fail (too big to prosecute, too big to jail) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#too-big-to-fail
some past real-estate money laundering posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#13 'A Kleptocrat's dream': US real estate a safe haven for billions in dirty money, report says
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#60 Dirty Money, Shiny Architecture
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#38 OT: NYT article--the rich get richer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#37 Money Laundering Exposed As A Key Component Of The Housing Bubble's "All Cash" Bid
other posts specifically mentioning tbtf, money laundering, and drug
cartels
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#58 Mexico sues US gun-makers over flow of weapons across border
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#88 Mexico sues US gun-makers over flow of weapons across border
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019e.html#99 Is America ready to tackle economic inequality?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019c.html#56 It's time we tear up our economics textbooks and start over
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#41 The Great Depression II
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#104 Iran shrink-wrapped $100 Payments
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018b.html#45 More Guns Do Not Stop More Crimes, Evidence Shows
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017h.html#79 Feds widen hunt for dirty money in Miami real estate
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017b.html#39 Trump to sign cyber security order
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#45 Western Union Admits Anti-Money Laundering and Consumer Fraud Violations, Forfeits $586 Million in Settlement with Justice Department and Federal Trade Commission
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017.html#8 Too big to fail was Malicious Cyber Activity
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#88 Finance Is Not the Economy
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016g.html#27 Economic Mess
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#79 GLBA & Glass-Steagall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016f.html#76 GLBA & Glass-Steagall
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#109 Why Aren't Any Bankers in Prison for Causing the Financial Crisis?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#98 Trust in Government Is Collapsing Around the World
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016d.html#0 Why Is the Obama Administration Trying to Keep 11,000 Documents Sealed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#94 Pension Funds at Risk
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#86 Wells Fargo "Admits Deceiving" U.S. Government, Pays Record $1.2 Billion Settlement
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#85 Wells Fargo "Admits Deceiving" U.S. Government, Pays Record $1.2 Billion Settlement
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#41 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016c.html#29 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#73 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#0 Thanks Obama
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#97 Thanks Obama
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#46 Thanks Obama
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#16 1970--protesters seize computer center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#10 25 Years: How the Web began
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#8 "Too Big To Fail"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#65 Economic Mess
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#53 rationality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#44 rationality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#56 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#53 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#37 LIBOR: History's Largest Financial Crime that the WSJ and NYT Would Like You to Forget
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015f.html#36 Eric Holder, Wall Street Double Agent, Comes in From the Cold
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#92 prices, was Western Union envisioned internet functionality
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#47 Do we REALLY NEED all this regulatory oversight?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#44 1973--TI 8 digit electric calculator--$99.95
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015e.html#41 Poor People Caused The Financial Crisis
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#80 Greedy Banks Nailed With $5 BILLION+ Fine For Fraud And Corruption
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#28 Bernie Sanders Proposes A Bill To Break Up The 'Too Big To Exist' Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#24 Wall Street Bailouts Are Finally Over, Right?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015d.html#10 7 years on from crisis, $150 billion in bank fines and penalties
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#24 What were the complaints of binary code programmers that not accept Assembly?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014m.html#160 LEO
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#89 Forbes perspective on IBM's troubles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014l.html#1 HP splits, again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#85 HP splits, again
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#66 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#58 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#50 LA Times commentary: roll out "smart" credit cards to deter fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014j.html#81 No Internet. No Microsoft Windows. No iPods. This Is What Tech Was Like In 1984
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#42 Sale receipt--obligatory?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014h.html#96 'Synthetic' ID Theft Emerging As Fastest-Growing Type Of Consumer Fraud
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#100 After the Sun (Microsystems) Sets, the Real Stories Come Out
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#32 SEC probes Schwab, Merrill, for anti-money laundering violations - sources
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#60 GAO and Wall Street Journal Whitewash Huge Criminal Bank Frauds
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#12 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#103 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#99 Reducing Army Size
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#95 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#43 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014c.html#28 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#98 Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#69 Pensions, was Re: Royal Pardon For Turing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014.html#43 Elizabeth Warren Proposes New Bill to Expose Shady Back Room Settlements for Crooked Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#53 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamationmade30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013n.html#44 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamationmade30yearsagotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#15 OT: NYT article--the rich get richer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#17 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013l.html#16 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#34 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013k.html#32 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#80 Why DOJ Deemed Bank Execs Too Big To Jail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#77 Why DOJ Deemed Bank Execs Too Big To Jail
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013j.html#61 What Makes a Tax System Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#56 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013h.html#55 OT: "Highway Patrol" back on TV
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013f.html#6 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013e.html#86 What Makes a thread about the European debt crisis Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#94 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#42 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013d.html#6 Live-Blogging Senate Hearing Tomorrow, When J.P. Morgan Chase Will Be Torn a New One
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#49 Bankers Who Made Millions In Housing Boom Misled Investors: Study
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012m.html#30 General Mills computer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012k.html#37 If all of the American earned dollars hidden in off shore accounts were uncovered and taxed do you think we would be able to close the deficit gap?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#25 This Is The Wall Street Scandal Of All Scandals
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012g.html#9 JPM LOSES $2 BILLION USD!
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#88 Defense acquisitions are broken and no one cares
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#35 The Dallas Fed Is Calling For The Immediate Breakup Of Large Banks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012c.html#31 US real-estate has lost $7T in value
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#96 Republicans Propose Bill to Treat Mexican Drug Cartels as 'Terrorist Insurgency'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#49 The men who crashed the world
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#14 computer bootlaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#53 50th anniversary of BASIC, COBOL?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#44 New Scandal at DoJ as Illegal Guitars End Up In Hands of Mexican Drug Lords
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011h.html#41 Delinquent Homeowners to Get Mortgage Aid from Government
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#55 Are Americans serious about dealing with money laundering and the drug cartels?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#52 Are Americans serious about dealing with money laundering and the drug cartels?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011b.html#42 Productivity And Bubbles
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011.html#50 What do you think about fraud prevention in the governments?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010m.html#24 Little-Noted, Prepaid Rules Would Cover Non-Banks As Wells As Banks
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Downfall Date: 29 Aug 2022 Blog: FacebookIn the IBM 100 videos for its 100 anniversary ... the wild duck video was about "customer" wild ducks, all traces of employee wild ducks appear to have been expunged.
reference to Learson trying to block rise of the careerists and
bureaucrats destroying the Watson legacy
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#60 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#67 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
also
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#42 IBM Bureaucrats
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#101 Father, Son, and Co.: My Life at IBM and Beyond
management briefing (and references '72 think magazine article) ... then "how to stuff wild duck" 1973 (following Learson's management briefing) ...
followed by FS disaster and top executives replacing Watson culture with MAKE NO WAVES and SYNCOPHANCY
Future Systems posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
... eventually nearly taking down IBM, 1992 IBM has one of the largest
losses in history of US companies and was being. reorged into 13 "baby
blues" in preparation for breaking up the company.
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html
... along the way, in the late 80s, IBM senior disk engineer got talk scheduled an internal, annual, world-wide communication group conference, supposedly on 3174 performance ... however he opened the talk that the communication group was going to be responsible for the demise of the disk division. The disk division was seeing data fleeing datacenters to more distributed computing friendly platforms with drop in disk sales. They had come up with a number of solutions, but they were constantly being vetoed by the communication group with their stranglehold on mainframe datacenter and corporate strategic ownership of everything that crossed datacenter walls and fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computing (trying to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm and install base).
the senior disk division executive responsible for software remaining countermeasure was investing in distributed computing startups that would use IBM disks (but it wasn't sufficient to counteract the communication group stranglehold) ... he would periodically ask us to stop by his investments and see if we could provide any assistance.
dumb terminal downfall and communication group stranglehold
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal
gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
... more recent, there is The Great Deformation: The Corruption of
Capitalism in America ... and IBM becoming financial engineering
company
https://www.amazon.com/Great-Deformation-Corruption-Capitalism-America-ebook/dp/B00B3M3UK6/
pg464/loc9995-10000:
IBM was not the born-again growth machine trumpeted by the mob of Wall
Street momo traders. It was actually a stock buyback contraption on
steroids. During the five years ending in fiscal 2011, the company
spent a staggering $67 billion repurchasing its own shares, a figure
that was equal to 100 percent of its net income.
pg465/loc10014-17:
Total shareholder distributions, including dividends, amounted to $82
billion, or 122 percent, of net income over this five-year
period. Likewise, during the last five years IBM spent less on capital
investment than its depreciation and amortization charges, and also
shrank its constant dollar spending for research and development by
nearly 2 percent annually.
... snip ...
(2013) New IBM Buyback Plan Is For Over 10 Percent Of Its Stock
http://247wallst.com/technology-3/2013/10/29/new-ibm-buyback-plan-is-for-over-10-percent-of-its-stock/
(2014) IBM Asian Revenues Crash, Adjusted Earnings Beat On Tax Rate Fudge;
Debt Rises 20% To Fund Stock Buybacks
https://web.archive.org/web/20140623003038/http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2014-01-21/ibm-asian-revenues-crash-adjusted-earnings-beat-tax-rate-fudge-debt-rises-20-fund-st
The company has represented that its dividends and share repurchases
have come to a total of over $159 billion since 2000.
... snip ...
(2016) After Forking Out $110 Billion on Stock Buybacks, IBM Shifts
Its Spending Focus
https://www.fool.com/investing/general/2016/04/25/after-forking-out-110-billion-on-stock-buybacks-ib.aspx
(2018) ... still doing buybacks ... but will (now?, finally?, a
little?) shift focus needing it for redhat purchase.
https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-10-30/ibm-to-buy-back-up-to-4-billion-of-its-own-shares
(2019) IBM Tumbles After Reporting Worst Revenue In 17 Years As Cloud
Hits Air Pocket
https://web.archive.org/web/20190417002701/https://www.zerohedge.com/news/2019-04-16/ibm-tumbles-after-reporting-worst-revenue-17-years-cloud-hits-air-pocket
stock buyback posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#stock.buyback
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Downfall Date: 29 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
AMEX was in competition with KKR for (private equity) LBO (reverse
IPO) of RJR and KKR wins. KKR runs into trouble and hires away AMEX
president to help with RJR (later goes on to be CEO of IBM)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barbarians_at_the_Gate:_The_Fall_of_RJR_Nabisco
1992 IBM has one of the largest losses in history of US companies and was
being. reorged into 13 "baby blues" in preparation for breaking up
the company.
https://web.archive.org/web/20101120231857/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,977353,00.html
may also work
https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,977353-1,00.html
had already left IBM, but get a call from the bowels of Armonk asking if could help with breakup of the company. Lots of business units were using supplier contracts in other units via MOUs. After the breakup, all of these contracts would be in different companies ... all of those MOUs would have to be cataloged and turned into their own contracts. However, before we get started, the board brings in a new CEO and reverses the breakup.
Along the way, I was getting email from former co-workers about top executives were spending all their time shifting expenses from the following year into the current year (instead of running the company). I ask our contact in bowels of Armonk. He says that the current year is in the red and they won't get their executive bonuses, but if they can shift enough expenses from the following year, to even just nudge it a little into the black, the way the executive bonus plan was written, they would get bonuses more than twice as large as any previous bonuses (effectively rewarded for taking the company into the red).
new CEO reverses the breakup, also uses some of the same techniques
used at RJR (gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine).
https://web.archive.org/web/20181019074906/http://www.ibmemployee.com/RetirementHeist.shtml
above some IBM related specifics from
https://www.amazon.com/Retirement-Heist-Companies-Plunder-American-ebook/dp/B003QMLC6K/
private equity posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#private.equity
gerstner posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#gerstner
pension/retirement posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#pensions
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Downfall Date: 29 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
some of the MIT/7094 CTSS people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System
went to the 5th flr, project mac, and MULTICS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multics
(and folkore, UNIX as a simplified version of MULTICS)
Others went to the 4th flr, IBM Cambridge Science Center, did lots of stuff, including virtual machine CP67/CMS, precursor to vm370
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
before msdos
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MS-DOS
there was Seattle computer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seattle_Computer_Products
before Seattle computer, there was cp/m
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/M
before developing CP/M, kildall worked on CP/67-CMS at npg (gone 404,
but lives on at the wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20071011100440/http://www.khet.net/gmc/docs/museum/en_cpmName.html
npg
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Postgraduate_School
Opel's obit ...
https://www.pcworld.com/article/243311/former_ibm_ceo_john_opel_dies.html
it was Opel who met with Bill Gates, CEO of the then-small software
firm Microsoft, to discuss the possibility of using Microsoft PC-DOS
OS for IBM's about-to-be-released PC. Opel set up the meeting at the
request of Gates' mother, Mary Maxwell Gates. The two had both served
on the National United Way's executive committee.
...snip ...
... also (communication group fiercely fighting off client/server and distributed computing trying to preserve their dumb terminal paradigm) the workstation division had done their own PC/RT 4mbit token ring cards (PC/AT bus) ... but for RS/6000 with microchannel, AWD was restricted to using PS/2 microchannel cards which had all been severely performance kneecapped by the communication group (joke was RS/6000 restricted to IBM's microchannel cards for many things wouldn't have any better throughput than PS2/486). The PS2 16mbit token-ring microchannel card had lower card throughput than the PC/RT 4mbit token-ring card ... and both cards ($800 microchannel 16mbit TR card and PC/RT 4mbit TR card) had lower throughput than $69 Ethernet card.
I was periodically posting PC prices from sunday SJMN on internal IBM forums ... which were radically lower than Boca's predictions, there was joke that Boca lost $5 on every PS2, but were planning on making it up in volume. Boca then contracts for PC study by Dataquest (since bought by gartner) that was to include several hour video taped roundtable of silicon valley experts. I had known the person at Dataquest for long time and got con'ed into being member of the roundtable ... promising me to garble my identification so Boca wouldn't recognize me as IBM employee (I did clear it with my IBM immediate management).
communication group fighting off client/server & distributed computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#terminal
801/risc, iliad, romp, pc/rt, rios, rs/6000, power, power/pc
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Downfall Date: 29 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
reference about science center co-worker (and we later transfer to san
jose research in 1977, then he transfers to san diego), responsible
for the (non-SNA) internal network (larger than internet/arpanet from
just about the beginning until sometime mid/late 80s) ... also
used for the corporate sponsored univ. BITNET
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
internal network posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
bitnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#bitnet
... Old SJMN article about Edson (he passed aug2020) and "IBM'S MISSED
OPPORTUNITY WITH THE INTERNET" (gone behind paywall but lives free at
wayback machine)
https://web.archive.org/web/20000124004147/http://www1.sjmercury.com/svtech/columns/gillmor/docs/dg092499.htm
also wayback machine, some additional references from Ed's website
https://web.archive.org/web/20000115185349/http://www.edh.net/bungle.htm
Wiki entry (invented design for internet)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edson_Hendricks
In June 1975, MIT Professor Jerry Saltzer accompanied Hendricks to DARPA, where Hendricks described his innovations to the principal scientist, Dr. Vinton Cerf. Later that year in September 15-19 of 75, Cerf and Hendricks were the only two delegates from the United States, to attend a workshop on Data Communications at the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, 2361 Laxenburg Austria where again, Hendricks spoke publicly about his innovative design which paved the way to the Internet as we know it today.
... snip ...
I was blamed for online computer conferencing (precursor to social media) in the late 70s and early 80s, it really took off spring of 1981 when I distributed trip report of visit to Jim Gray at Tandem ... folklore is that when corporate executive committee were told, 5of6 wanted to fire me (lot more in my comments upthread).
online computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
I also had HSDT project, T1 and faster computer links (both
terrestrial and satellite) ... was working with NSF director and was
suppose to get $20M to interconnect NSF supercomputer centers, then
congress cuts the budget, some other things happen and finally an RFP
is released (in part based on what we already had running). 28Mar1986
Preliminary Announcement
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002k.html#12
The OASC has initiated three programs: The Supercomputer Centers
Program to provide Supercomputer cycles; the New Technologies Program
to foster new supercomputer software and hardware developments; and
the Networking Program to build a National Supercomputer Access
Network - NSFnet.
... snip ...
internal IBM politics prevent us from bidding on the RFP. the NSF
director tries to help by writing the company a letter 3Apr1986, NSF Director to IBM Chief Scientist and IBM Senior VP and director of Research, copying IBM CEO) with support from other gov. agencies, but that just makes the internal politics worse
(as did claims that what we already had running was at least 5yrs
ahead of the winning bid, RFP awarded 24Nov87). As regional networks connect in, it becomes
the NSFNET backbone, precursor to modern internet
https://www.technologyreview.com/s/401444/grid-computing/
hsdt posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
nsfnet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#nsfnet
internet posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#internalnet
Communication group was making all sorts of misinformation claims
about use of VTAM/SNA for the internal network as well as the
internet. Somebody collected some of their email and forwarded it to
me ... previously posted on the net, heavily clipped&redacted to
protect the guilty
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email870109
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
frequent enormous battles with communication group fiercely fighting
off client/server and distributed computing ... and trying to
dictate/enforce SNA. some more discussion in this reference
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/john-boyd-ibm-wild-ducks-lynn-wheeler/
archived posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#103 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#104 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#2 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#32 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#60 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#67 John Boyd and IBM Wild Ducks
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Downfall Date: 29 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
Technology Limits? Frequently it is protecting established products
(like SNA/VTAM for the communication group fiercely fighting off
client/server and distributed computing, see lots of my comments up
thread). The last product we did at IBM was HA/CMP.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_High_Availability_Cluster_Multiprocessing
It started out HA/6000 for the NYTimes to move their newspaper system (ATEX) off (DEC) Vaxcluster to RS/6000. However as I started doing technical/scale-up cluster scale-up with national labs and commercial cluster scale-up with RDBMS vendors (Ingres, Informix, Sybase, Oracle, all had vax/cluster support in the same source base with unix support ... lots of discussion on improving over Vaxcluster and easing Vaxcluster RDBMS port to HA/CMP unix base). Then cluster scale-up was transferred, announced as IBM Supercomputer (for technical/scientific *ONLY*) and we were told we couldn't work on anything with more than four processors. We leave IBM a few months later. Part of the issue was presumably mainframe DB2 complaints if we were allowed to go ahead, it would be years ahead of them.
ha/cmp posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hacmp
801/risc, iliad, romp, pc/rt, rios, rs/6000, power, power/pc posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#801
There is IBM contributing to rise of clone 370s ... besides shutting
down new 370 efforts during Future System (giving clone 370 makers
their market foothold and big IBM rise in sales/marketing FUD), there
is also killing the ACS/360 effort (headed by Amdahl) in the late 60s
... they were afraid that it would advance the computer state of the
art too fast, and IBM would loose control of the market ... then
Amdahl leaves IBM shortly later and starts his own mainframe clone 370
company
https://people.cs.clemson.edu/~mark/acs_end.html
near the bottom of web page are ACS/360 features that show up more
than 20yrs later in ES/9000.
from Ferguson & Morris, "Computer Wars: The Post-IBM World", Time
Books, 1993:
http://www.amazon.com/Computer-Wars-The-Post-IBM-World/dp/1587981394
and perhaps most damaging, the old culture under Watson Snr and Jr of
free and vigorous debate was replaced with *SYNCOPHANCY* and *MAKE NO
WAVES* under Opel and Akers. It's claimed that thereafter, IBM lived
in the shadow of defeat ... But because of the heavy investment of
face by the top management, F/S took years to kill, although its wrong
headedness was obvious from the very outset. "For the first time,
during F/S, outspoken criticism became politically dangerous," recalls
a former top executive."
... snip ...
when FS implodes there is mad rush to get stuff back into 370 product
pipelines, including kicking off quick&dirty 3033&3081 efforts in
parallel ... some refs
http://www.jfsowa.com/computer/memo125.htm
https://people.computing.clemson.edu/~mark/fs.html
future system posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#futuresys
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Downfall Date: 29 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
About time POK started on 3033 (started out 168-3 logic remapped to 20% faster chips), I had gotten involved in ("tightly-coupled") 16processor effort. We con'ed the 3033 processor engineers into working on it in their spare time (lot more interesting than the 168-3 logic remap). Everybody thought it was really great until somebody told the head of POK that it could be decades before POK favorite son operating system (MVS) had effective 16-way support (at the time MVS documentation said standard MVS 2-way multiprocessor would have 1.2-1.5 times a single processor, aka significant MVS multiprocessor system overhead that increased non-linear with number of processors). Then some of us were told to never visit POK again and the 3033 processor engineers were directed to stop being distracted. Once the 3033 was out the door, they start on trout (aka 3090). Note: IBM didn't ship 16 processor tightly-coupled machines until z900 at turn of century (almost 25yrs later).
Note: with the decision to make all 370s "virtual memory", some of the people spun off from the science center (on 4th flr) and took over the IBM Boston programming center on the 3rd flr, forming the vm370 development group. In the morph from CP67->VM370, they simplified and/or dropped a bunch of stuff (including tightly-coupled multiprocessor support and bunch of stuff I had done as undergraduate).
I start migrating a lot of CP67 stuff to VM370 starting with release 2 for my CSC/VM (one of my hobbies after joining IBM was enhanced production operating systems for internal datacenters including online, world-wide, sales&marketing support HONE systems back to CP67 days). In the mid-70s, US HONE datacenters were consolidated in Palo Alto (trivia: when facebook 1st moved into silicon valley, it was into a new bldg built next door to the old US HONE datacenter), and systems were enhanced for single-system, loosely-coupled support (I considered largest in world) with load-balancing and fall-over support, sharing large DASD farm.
I then bring forward tightly-coupled support to a R3-based CSC/VM ... originally for US HONE so they could add 2nd processor to each of their systems (eight 2-way, 16 processors total). Note: I could frequently get a 2-way to come close to twice a single processor ... because of extremely efficient multiprocessor pathlengths and effectively cache affinity effects increasing cache hit ratio (standard 370 2way hardware was rated at nominal 1.8 times a single processor because each processor was slowed down by 10% for cross-cache issues, I could offset much of that with increase in cache-hit ratios).
tightly-coupled, multiprocessor and/or compare&swap posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#smp
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
csc/vm (&/or sjr/vm) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#cscvm
HONE posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#hone
Trivia: a decade ago, I was asked if I could track down decision to
make all 370s virtual memory ... and found somebody that reported to
the executive. Bascially MVT storage management was so bad that
regions sizes had to be four times larger than used ... for a typical
1mbyte 370/165 number of executing regsions was limited to four
(insufficient to keep the processor busy and justified). Going to
16mbyte virtual address space would allow number of regions to be
increased by four times with little or no paging. old archived post
with pieces of the email exchange:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73
other details in posts over in linkedin
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-2-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-4-lynn-wheeler/
archived versions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#53 z/VM 50th - part 4
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Downfall Date: 29 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
gossip was that the people doing M&A didn't bother to check the books, ROLM went into the red the same quarter IBM closed the deal. former IBMer (had left nearly decade before) that I knew, was running the ROLM datacenter. I had HSDT project, T1 and faster computer links but had requirement that I show some IBM content (having custom spec gear built on the other side of the pacific). Only thing I could find was the FSD T1 ZIRPEL card for the Series/1 (all the 37xx gear topped out at 56kbit). ROLM gear was Data General computers ... but because of the IBM purchase ... ROLM ordered boatload of Series/1 .... creating a 12month order backlog. I finally cut deal with ROLM ... in return for five Series/1 I'll do some stuff helping ROLM development.
trivia: friday before I was to visit one of the vendors on the other
side of the pacific, somebody from Raleigh distributed announcement
for new "communication" internal forum with the definitions:
low-speed: 9.6kbits/sec,
medium speed: 19.2kbitts/sec,
high-speed: 56kbits/sec,
very high-speed: 1.5mbits/sec
monday morning on wall of conference room on the other side of
pacific, there were these definitions:
low-speed: <20mbits/sec,
medium speed: 100mbits/sec,
high-speed: 200mbits-300mbits/sec,
very high-speed: >600mbits/sec
... snip ...
I had "lynn" or "wheeler" back to CP67 days as undergraduate in the 60s. One of the 1st got internal (tieline) and external phone number as well as internal email and csnet/internet/arpanet email on business card (we had the first IBM email gateway to the outside). Corporate then sent out directive that business cards were for customer use only and email addresses had to be removed. Pointed out that if customer "only" then tieline had also had to be removed ... but could keep csnet/internet/arpanet email address.
however, I'm one of the original "Knights of VM"
http://mvmua.org/knights.html
... as well as the mainframe hall of fame
https://www.enterprisesystemsmedia.com/mainframehalloffame
added 2010
https://web.archive.org/web/20170726211623/http://enterprisesystemsmedia.com/article/mainframe-hall-of-fame-four-new-members-added
other HSDT (T1 and faster computer links both terrestrial and satellite) trivia: since communication group topped out at 56kbits .... the communication group prepared an analysis for the corporate executive committee why mainframe customers wouldn't be wanting T1 speed until sometime in the 90s. They showed analysis of the number of 37x5 "fat-pipes" ... parallel 56kbit links treated as a single link ... 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ... dropping to zero by 7 parallel 56kbit links. What they didn't know (or didn't want to tell the executive committee) was typical telco tariffs for T1 link was about the same as 5 or 6 56kbit links ... so customers would just switch to full T1 and use a non-IBM box (& software). At the time, we did a trivial survey finding 200 customers running full T1 link with non-IBM boxes (and software).
HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Downfall Date: 30 Aug 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
Note: IBM sells off ROLM to Siemens. After leaving IBM ... I'm doing financial industry security chip ... and having meetings with Siemens guy with offices on ROLM campus. However Siemens is spinning off the chip stuff as Infineon ... and new bldgs built over at intersection of 1st&101. The guy I'm meeting with becomes president of Infineon and gets to ring the bell at NYSE and moves into the new bldgs. Security chip is fab'ed at new security fab (certified by both german and US security agencies) in Dresden ... and I'm asked to go over to do security walk through of the new fab.
Then lead TD for Information Assurance Directorate is doing assurance
panel in the trusted security track at IDF and I'm ask to do talk
... gone 404, but lives on at wayback machine
https://web.archive.org/web/20011109072807/http://www.intel94.com/idf/spr2001/sessiondescription.asp?id=stp%2bs13
the guy running the TPM chip is in the front row ... so I make
reference to its nice to see TPM is starting to look more & more like
my chip ... he replies back that I don't have a committee of 200
people helping me with the design.
AADS references
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/x959.html#aads
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
some recent intel94 references
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#68 Security Chips and Chip Fabs
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#105 FedEx to Stop Using Mainframes, Close All Data Centers By 2024
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#98 Enhanced Production Operating Systems II
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022e.html#84 Enhanced Production Operating Systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#108 Attackers exploit fundamental flaw in the web's security to steal $2 million in cryptocurrency
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022b.html#103 AADS Chip Strawman
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#133 IBM Clone Controllers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#17 Data Breach
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#62 IBM ROLM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#41 IBM Confidential
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021j.html#21 IBM Lost Opportunities
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#97 What Is a TPM, and Why Do I Need One for Windows 11?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#74 "Safe" Internet Payment Products
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#75 Electronic Signature
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021g.html#66 The Case Against SQL
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#87 Bizarre Career Events
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021d.html#20 The Rise of the Internet
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#21 IBM Recruiting
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 360/67 Virtual Memory Date: 31 Aug 2022 Blog: LinkedInLinkedin 360 Virtual Memory posts
with (my) long winded comment/response, z/VM 50th - Part 5
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-5-lynn-wheeler/
Some of the MIT/7094 CTSS people
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compatible_Time-Sharing_System
went to the 5th flr, project mac, and MULTICS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multics
... folklore is some of the Bell Multics people then did UNIX as
simplified Multics
Others went to the 4th flr, IBM Cambridge Science Center
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CP/CMS
Lot more from Melinda's history
https://www.leeandmelindavarian.com/Melinda#VMHist
Cambridge Science Center had wanted a 360/50 to add virtual memory to,
but all the spare 360/50s were going to FAA ATF project. The Brawl in
IBM 1964 (trivia: I didn't run into Fox until after leaving IBM and
doing some work with his company)
https://www.amazon.com/Brawl-IBM-1964-Joseph-Fox/dp/1456525514
so they had to settle for 360/40 to modify with virtual memory
(different kind of virtual memory architecture from 360/67) and did
CP40/CMS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/cp40seas1982.txt
when 360/67 standard with virtual memory becomes available, CP40/CMS
morphs into CP67/CMS.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/360_Model_67
At the time, IBM had 1200 people working on TSS/360, compared to 12
people at CSC for CP67/CMS.
Lots of univ. and companies had been sold 360/67 for TSS/360 ... but TSS/360 never came to production fruition (for most) and so they ran it as 360/65 with OS/360. Michigan (pictured) did MTS, virtual memory system, Stanford did Orvyl/Wilbur virtual memory system, Wilbur later modified to run on MVS (and CSC did CP67/CMS precursor to VM/370).
Michigan MTS
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan_Terminal_System
Stanford Orvyl Wylbur virtual memory for 360/67
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ORVYL_and_WYLBUR
Boeing Huntsville had gotten two processor 360/67 for 2250 CAD
applications ... but ran it as two 360/65 systems with OS/360 ... they
did modify MVT R13 with virtual memory tables (but no paging),
reconfigure addresses to help solve the horrible MVT storage
management, especially bad for long running apps, which was also the
later justification for making virtual memory for *ALL* 370s. A decade
ago, I was asked to track down the 370 virtual memory decision and
found somebody that worked for the executive, pieces of that email
exchange in this archived post:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
trivia: In 1974, CERN did analysis comparing VM370/CMS with TSO and
presented report at SHARE and reports were freely available
... however, inside IBM the copies were stamped "IBM Confidential -
Restricted" (2nd highest security) ... on a need to know basis *ONLY*
(for IBM employees). Another early SHARE MVS reference
http://www.mxg.com/thebuttonman/boney.asp
some more history in these recent posts:
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-2-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-3-lynn-wheeler/
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/zvm-50th-part-4-lynn-wheeler/
archived versions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#44 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#47 z/VM 50th
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#49 z/VM 50th - part 2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#50 z/VM 50th - part 3
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022f.html#53 z/VM 50th - part 4
some more UofM MTS (including article picture).
http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/gallery/gallery7.html
http://www.eecis.udel.edu/~mills/gallery/gallery8.html
above also mentions them doing clone IBM telecommunication controller for MTS using DEC PDP. Trivia: I did something similar at the univ. for CP67/CMS but using Interdata (later sold as clone controller by Interdata, later Perkin-Elmer. Four of us getting written up for some part of the IBM clone controller business).
clone controller posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
Note in the mid-70s, financial institution was running ACP/TPF on 168 for ATM transactions for large number of ATM machines (ACP use in transaction market resulted in the TPF rename).
The customer IBM SE then did an ATM transaction implementation on VM/370 running on 370/158 ... that out performed ACP/TPF on 168. He claimed that he was able to do a significant more sophisticated disk arm seek scheduling (that made most of the difference).
Same time IBM SE was doing VM370 ATM transaction support running on 370/158 ... IBM San Jose Research was developing System/R on 370/145 (original SQL/relational implementation) ... with some opposition from the rest of the company. Fortunately while the company was preoccupied with "EAGLE" (great new replacement for IMS DBMS) ... were able to do technology transfer to Endicott for SQL/DS. Later when "EAGLE" implodes, request was made how long would it take to port System/R to MVS .... which is eventually released as DB2 (originally for decision support only).
System/R posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
Unrelated trivia: my wife did a sort stint as chief architect for AMADEUS (using the 370/195 Eastern "System/One") ... she didn't remain long because she had sided with Europe about using x.25 instead of SNA and the IBM communication group got her replaced ... didn't do them much good ... AMADEUS went with x.25 anyway
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 360/67 Virtual Memory Date: 31 Aug 2022 Blog: linkedinre:
trivia: within year of taking two credit hr intro to
fortran/computers, univ. hired me full time responsible for os360
running on 360/67 (originally sold for tss/360 which never came to
production fruition ... so mostly ran as 360/65 w/os360). Univ.
shutdown datacenter over the weekends ... so I had the whole place
dedicated to myself, although 48hrs w/o sleep sometimes made monday
classes hard. Then 3people from IBM science center came out and
installed CP67 (3rd after cambridge itself and mit lincoln labs)
... and I got to mostly play with it on my weekend dedicated
time. CP67 had 1052 & 2741 terminal support with automagic
terminal type identification. Univ. had some number of tty/33
terminals so I added ascii support integrated with automagic terminal
type (any terminal on almost any port and it would identify type
correctly). I wanted to have single phone number for all terminal
types ... hunt group
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_hunting
didn't quite work since IBM had taken short cut and hard wired line
speed for each port.
Thus was born the univ project to build our own clone controller ... building (wire-wrap) channel interface board for Interdata/3 programmed to emulate the IBM controller with the addition of supporting automatic line speed. Later it was enhanced with Interdata/4 for the channel interface and cluster of Interdata/3s for the port interfaces. Interdata (and later Perkin/Elmer) sell it commercially as IBM clone controller. Four of us at the univ. get written up responsible for (some part of the) clone controller business.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interdata
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkin-Elmer#Computer_Systems_Division
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concurrent_Computer_Corporation
I ran into somebody in the late 80s ... claiming that they were still selling the boxes with (apparently?) the same wire-wrap channel interface board design. Later, I was visiting datacenter around the turn of the century that had a descendant of the box ... they claimed it was handling the majority of all dial-up POS card-swipe terminals east of the mississippi.
clone controller posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#360pcm
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 360/67 Virtual Memory Date: 31 Aug 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
Similar to cloud work over last 2+ decades, two commercial CP67 spinoffs from the science center (as well as science center itself) in the 60s did lots of work for 7x24 operation, automated operation (dark room unattended) and to significantly reduce IBM charges ... back when IBM rented/leased machines and billing was based on "system meter". The "system meter" ran whenever processor and/or any channel was busy ... and everything had to be idle for 400ms before system meter would stop. Early on, off shift was lightly loaded and special terminal channel programs were done that allowed channels to stop, but immediately active for arriving characters
Trivia: long after IBM had shifted mainframes from rental/lease to sales, MVS still had timer task woke up every 400ms ... guaranteeing that system meter never stopped.
other trivia: science center had also ported APL/360 to CP67/CMS for CMS\APL, redid its storage management for large mbyte virtual memory workspaces (instead of swapped 16kbyte) and added APIs for system services (like file i/o), enabling lots of real-world applications. The Armonk business planners started using APL remotely doing APL business planning apps ... after transmitting the most valuable of IBM data for loading on the cambridge system (detailed customer info). We had to demonstrate extremely strong integrity&security since non-IBMers (staff, students, profs from Cambridge/Boston area univ.) were also using the same system.
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
Similarly the two commercial online CP67 spinoffs had both moved up the value stream, specializing in services for financial industry ... and had to show that competing institutions couldn't access each others' data.
online commercial (virtual machine) time-sharing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare
Also not long after I joined IBM, there was new IBM CSO (had come from gov. services) and I got selected to run around with him and talk about computer security ... while a little physical security rubbed off on me.
cloud megadatacenter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#megadatacenter
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 360/67 Virtual Memory Date: 31 Aug 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
IBM San Jose Research was developing System/R on VM/370 145 (original SQL/relational implementation) ... with some opposition from the rest of the company. Fortunately while the company was preoccupied with "EAGLE" (great new replacement for IMS DBMS) ... were able to do technology transfer to Endicott for SQL/DS. Later when "EAGLE" implodes, request was made how long would it take to port System/R to MVS .... which is eventually released as DB2 (originally for decision support only).
System/R posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#systemr
one of the original 4th generation languages, Mathematica made
available through NCSS (a cp67/cms spin-off of the ibm science center,
cp67/cms virtual machine precursor to vm370/cms)
http://www.decosta.com/Nomad/tales/history.html
One could say PRINT ACROSS MONTH SUM SALES BY DIVISION and receive a
report that would have taken many hundreds of lines of Cobol to
produce. The product grew in capability and in revenue, both to NCSS
and to Mathematica, who enjoyed increasing royalty payments from the
sizable customer base. FOCUS from Information Builders, Inc (IBI),
did even better, with revenue approaching a reported $150M per
year. RAMIS moved among several owners, ending at Computer Associates
in 1990, and has had little limelight since. NOMAD's owners, Thomson,
continue to market the language from Aonix, Inc. While the three
continue to deliver 10-to-1 coding improvements over the 3GL
alternatives of Fortran, Cobol, or PL/1, the movements to object
orientation and outsourcing have stagnated acceptance.
... snip ...
other history
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramis_software
When Mathematica makes Ramis available to TYMSHARE for their
VM370-based commercial online service, NCSS does their own version
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nomad_software
and then follow-on FOCUS from IBI
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOCUS
Information Builders's FOCUS product began as an alternate product to
Mathematica's RAMIS, the first Fourth-generation programming language
(4GL). Key developers/programmers of RAMIS, some stayed with
Mathematica others left to form the company that became Information
Builders, known for its FOCUS product
... snip ...
4th gen programming language
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourth-generation_programming_language
science cneter posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
online commerical (virtual machine timesharing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#timeshare
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: IBM Downfall Date: 01 Sept 2022 Blog: Facebookre:
Early/mid 80s I provided support for IBM FE (infrared modem) T1 between two IBM bldgs in Boulder (on opposite sides of hiway) ... people were skeptical, claiming Boulder weather would knock out the signal. Turns out had a bit-error tester on subchannel and started to see a few errors during a white-out blizzard when nobody was able to get into work. Biggest problem was transit of the sun during the day ... warming, slightly shifting the sides of the bldgs, throwing off the alignment of the modems on the roofs ... the modems had to be carefully positioned to minimize sun warming effects throwing off alignment
HSDT posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#hsdt
channel-extender posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#channel.extender
IBM downfall/downturn posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#ibmdownfall
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 360/67 Virtual Memory Date: 01 Sep 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
... speaking of Boeing Huntsville, the Univ. had gotten a 2250M1
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_2250
(mainframe channel-attached controller, was same price as a 2250M4, with 1130 computer in place of channel-attached controller). Lincoln Labs. had done a 2250M1 library for CP67/CMS ... and I write an interface between it and the CMS editor ... to have "fullscreen" editor in the 60s. I then delete the 2780 support from HASP code (to reduce real storage size) and implement 2741 & TTY terminal support along with an editor that implemented the CMS editor syntax ... deployed with MVT release 18 at the univ.
After graduating and joining IBM science center, I find that somebody
had ported the PDP1 spacewar game to their 2250M4 (1130) ... I would
bring my kids on weekends to let them play.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spacewar!
https://www.computerhistory.org/pdp-1/spacewar/
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
HASP (ASP, JES, NJE/NJI, etc) posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submain.html#hasp
some PDP1 spacewar/2250m4 posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#2 IBM 2250 Graphics Display
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018f.html#72 Jean Sammet — Designer of COBOL – A Computer of One's Own – Medium
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017f.html#93 Jean Sammet, Co-Designer of a Pioneering Computer Language, Dies at 89
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016e.html#4 Play the Pentagon-Funded Video Game That Predates 'Pong'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013g.html#72 DEC and the Bell System?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013b.html#77 Spacewar! on S/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012f.html#6 Burroughs B5000, B5500, B6500 videos
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012d.html#38 Invention of Email
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011n.html#9 Colossal Cave Adventure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011m.html#49 CMS load module format
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011g.html#45 My first mainframe experience
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011e.html#54 Downloading PoOps?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#12 Idiotic programming style edicts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#74 Adventure - Or Colossal Cave Adventure
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#91 Notes on two presentations by Gordon Bell ca. 1998
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008r.html#62 PC premiered 40 years ago to awed crowd
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#41 Tek 4010, info and prices
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006n.html#7 Linux mainframe game machine
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006e.html#28 MCTS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005u.html#4 Fast action games on System/360+?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005k.html#22 Where should the type information be?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005e.html#64 Graphics on the IBM 2260?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004f.html#32 Usenet invented 30 years ago by a Swede?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004d.html#45 who were the original fortran installations?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003m.html#14 Seven of Nine
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#7 Any DEC 340 Display System Doco ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002p.html#29 Vector display systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002o.html#17 PLX
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002j.html#22 Computer Terminal Design Over the Years
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002i.html#20 6600 Console was Re: CDC6600 - just how powerful a machine was
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2001b.html#71 Z/90, S/390, 370/ESA (slightly off topic)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000b.html#67 oddly portable machines
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 360/67 Virtual Memory Date: 01 Sep 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
speaking of 360/67 throughput
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_System/360_Model_67
I did dynamic adaptive resource management as well as global LRU page replacement for CP67/CMS as undergraduate in the 60s. After I graduate and join the IBM Cambridge Scientific Center ... 768kbyte 360/67 (104 4k available pageable pages) and could have 75-80 mixed workload CMS users.
About the same time I was doing CP67/CMS work as undergraduate there were some ACM papers written about working set dispatcher and "local" LRU page replacement. The IBM Grenoble Scientific Center was running 1mbyte 360/67 (156 4k available pageable pages) with CP67/CMS and modified CP67 to correspond to the 60s ACM literature (working set dispatcher and "local" LRU). Grenoble with almost same kind of workload as Cambridge and had worse interactive response and system throughput with 35 users than I was getting with 75-80 users.
At 14-16Dec81 ACM SIGOPS ... Jim Gray asks me if I can help a co-worker of his at Tandem with his Stanford PHD ... involving global LRU page replacement algorithms. The "local LRU" forces from the 60s were heavily lobbying Stanford to not award a PHD in global LRU ... and Jim knew of my work in the 60s and I had apples-to-apples comparisons with Cambridge CP67 (global LRU) and Grenoble CP67 (local LRU).
I pull out the information, but when I go to send it, IBM management
says that I can't (even though it involved work I had done before
joining IBM). It takes almost a year (19Oct1982) before I'm allowed to
send the information. email ref
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#email821019
Note in the late 70s & early 80s, I had been blamed for online computer communication on the internal network ... and spring of 1981, it really took off after I disttributed a trip report visiting Jim at Tandem ... only about 300 participated, but claims that upwards of 25,000 were reading (folklore is when corporate executive committee was told, 5of6 wanted to fire me). In any case, I hoped that IBM management figuring that they it was part of punishing me for online stuff ... and not taking part in the academic global/local dispute and Stanford awarding a global LRU PHD.
paging and LRU page replacement posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#wsclock
dynamic adaptive resource management posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#fairshare
IBM science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
online computer conferencing posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subnetwork.html#cmc
some specific past posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#45 MGLRU Revved Once More For Promising Linux Performance Improvements
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018d.html#28 MMIX meltdown
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#78 Mainframe Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#6 segments and sharing, was 68000 assembly language programming
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011c.html#8 The first personal computer (PC)
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#79 Microsoft versus Digital Equipment Corporation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#65 No Glory for the PDP-15
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006w.html#46 The Future of CPUs: What's After Multi-Core?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006q.html#21 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006q.html#19 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006j.html#17 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006i.html#42 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006i.html#31 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006f.html#0 using 3390 mod-9s
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005n.html#23 Code density and performance?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005h.html#15 Exceptions at basic block boundaries
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005f.html#47 Moving assembler programs above the line
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004q.html#73 Athlon cache question
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 360/67 Virtual Memory Date: 02 Sep 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
Some TSS/360 trivia: TSS/360 did some benchmarking comparison of a "simplex", one processor, 1mbyte 360/67 with a "duplex", two processor, 2mbyte 360/67 and claimed the "duplex" was getting four times the throughput of the "simplex", claiming evidence that the TSS/360 support for "duplex" was far superior to any other multiprocessor system implementation.
In actuality, the TSS/360 kernel was so large and bloated that with only one mbyte, there was hardly any room for application execution (resulting in significant page thrashing), it wasn't until 2mbyte memory that there was nominal room for application execution; four times improvement in throughhput ... which still wasn't great (i.e. simulated simple fortran edit, compile, execution script it was possible to support 4-10 times more users with CP67/CMS with better response and throughhput as TSS/360 on same hardware).
science center posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/subtopic.html#545tech
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: We need to rebuild a legal system where corporations owe duties to the general public Date: 02 Sep 2022 Blog: FacebookWe need to rebuild a legal system where corporations owe duties to the general public
False Profits: Reviving the Corporation's Public Purpose
https://www.uclalawreview.org/false-profits-reviving-the-corporations-public-purpose/
railroads scammed the supreme court
https://www.amazon.com/We-Corporations-American-Businesses-Rights-ebook/dp/B01M64LRDJ/
pgxiii/loc45-50:
IN DECEMBER 1882, ROSCOE CONKLING, A FORMER SENATOR and close
confidant of President Chester Arthur, appeared before the justices of
the Supreme Court of the United States to argue that corporations like
his client, the Southern Pacific Railroad Company, were entitled to
equal rights under the Fourteenth Amendment. Although that provision
of the Constitution said that no state shall "deprive any person of
life, liberty, or property, without due process of law" or "deny to
any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws,"
Conkling insisted the amendment's drafters intended to cover business
corporations too.
pgxiv/loc74-78:
Between 1868, when the amendment was ratified, and 1912, when a
scholar set out to identify every Fourteenth Amendment case heard by
the Supreme Court, the justices decided 28 cases dealing with the
rights of African Americans--and an astonishing 312 cases dealing with
the rights of corporations.
pg36/loc726-28:
On this issue, Hamiltonians were corporationalists--proponents of
corporate enterprise who advocated for expansive constitutional rights
for business. Jeffersonians, meanwhile, were populists--opponents of
corporate power who sought to limit corporate rights in the name of
the people.
pg229/loc3667-68:
IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY, CORPORATIONS WON LIBERTY RIGHTS, SUCH AS
FREEDOM OF SPEECH AND RELIGION, WITH THE HELP OF ORGANIZATIONS LIKE
THE CHAMBER OF COMMERCE.
... snip ...
Railroaded
http://phys.org/news/2012-01-railroad-hyperbole-echoes-dot-com-frenzy.html
and
https://www.amazon.com/Railroaded-Transcontinentals-Making-America-ebook/dp/B0051GST1U
pg77/pg1984-86:
By the end of the summer of 1873 the western railroads had, within the
span of two years, ended the Indian treaty system in the United
States, brought down a Canadian government, and nearly paralyzed the
U.S. Congress. The greatest blow remained to be delivered. The
railroads were about to bring down the North American economy.
pg510/loc10030-33:
The result was not only unneeded railroads whose effects were as often
bad as beneficial but also corruption of the markets and the
government. The men who directed this capital were frequently not
themselves capitalists. They were entrepreneurs who borrowed money or
collected subsidies. These entrepreneurs did not invent the railroad,
but they were inventing corporations, railroad systems, and new forms
of competition. Those things yielded both personal wealth and social
disasters
pg515/loc10118-22:
The need to invest capital and labor in large amounts to maintain and
upgrade what had already been built was one debt owed to the past, but
the second one was what Charles Francis Adams in his days as a
reformer referred to as a tax on trade. All of the watered stock,
money siphoned off into private pockets, waste, and fraud that
characterized the building of the railroads created a corporate debt
that had to be paid through higher rates and scrimping on service. A
shipper in 1885 was still paying for the frauds of the 1860s.
... snip ...
capitalism posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#capitalism
economic mess posts
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/submisc.html#economic.mess
--
virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
From: Lynn Wheeler <lynn@garlic.com> Subject: 360/67 Virtual Memory Date: 02 Sep 2022 Blog: LinkedInre:
Previous reference to getting asked if I could track down the decision
to make all 370s with virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#73
basically MVT storage management was so bad that region sizes had to be four times larger than actually used, as a result a typical 1mbyte 370/165 could only have four concurrently executing regions, insufficient to keep the 165 busy and justified. Going to (VS2/SVS) with 16mbyte virtual memory could have four times the number of concurrent executing regions ... with little or no paging. This was similar to running MVT in a CP67 16mbyte virtual machine ... and one of the biggest CP67 overheads were making copies of the virtual machine channel programs, replacing the original virtual address with the (channel required) real addresses. It turns out that VS2 was faced with the same problem, EXCP/SVC0 needing to making copies of the application channel programs, replacing the virtual addresses with real addresses. As mentioned in the above reference, the initial implementation was borrowing CCWTRANS from CP67 and crafting it into EXCP.
The VS2 next step was MVS, giving each "region" its own 16mbyte virtual address space. However, the extensive OS/360 API was primarily pointer passing ... as a result they placed an 8mbyte image of the MVS kernel in each application 16mbyte virtual address space ... leaving only 8mbytes for the application. Then because VS2 subsystems were moved into their own 16mbyte virtual address (also occupied by 8mbyte kernel image) ... subsystems needed to data referenced by application API pointer. To address they created the 1mbyte "common segment" (placed in every application space) where applications placed parameters passed to subystems (leaving only 7mbyte for applications).
By 3033 time-frame, MVS was facing two separate 16mbyte limits 1) 16mbyte real storage limit and 2) 16mbyte virtual address space limit. #1 was similar to TSS/360 kernel bloat occupying most of 1mbyte space, but MVS kernel taking majority of 16mbyte real storage, resulting in page thrashing and/or limiting concurrent execution in the remaining space. #2 was the common segment requirement was some proportional to number of subsystems and number of concurrent executing address spaces and it has been rename "Common System Area" (CSA) and was running 5-6mbytes (and threatening to become 8mbytes) leaving only 2-3mbytes (or zero) for applications.
They did a hack for #1, being able to increase 3033 real storage to 64mbyte. The virtual page table entry (half-word, 16bits) had 12bit 4kbyte page number (able to address 16mbye of real storage), 2 defined bits, and 2 undefined bits. They took the two undefined bits and prefixed the page number 12bit, resulting in 14bit 4kbyte page number (able to create 64mbit of pages). Note that real channel programs had to exist in the lower 16mbytes, but using IDALs, they would be able to do input/output involving address above the 16mbyte line.
Trying to alleviate #2, (MVS kernel+CSA taken over all 16mbyte, leaving nothing for applications) they retrofit a subset of 370/xa access registers as "dual-address" space ... requiring subsystems to be rewritten to access the separate application virtual address space (which had a long lead time, and weren't instantly available, so CSA size increase continued to be a problem).
IBM Burlington had big problem with a 7mbyte VLSI production Fortran application ... specially configured MVS systems dedicated to this application with single mbyte CSA ... but constantly running into problems with enhancements and changes that would result in exceeding the 7mbyte limit. We voluntered a VM370/CMS system where the VLSI Fortran application could have nearly the whole 16mbytes of a CMS virtual address space ... but that hit road block with how it would look for the DSD/POK favorite son operating system, MVS, being replaced with VM370/CMS.
past posts mentioning (3033) "dual-address space", "common system
area", and/or >16mbyte issues:
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022d.html#55 CMS OS/360 Simulation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#69 IBM Mainframe market was Re: Approximate reciprocals
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022c.html#49 IBM 3033 Personal Computing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2022.html#70 165/168/3033 & 370 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021k.html#113 IBM Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#23 fast sort/merge, OoO S/360 descendants
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021i.html#17 Versatile Cache from IBM
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021h.html#70 IBM Research, Adtech, Science Center
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2021b.html#63 Early Computer Use
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2020.html#36 IBM S/360 - 370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019d.html#115 Assembler :- PC Instruction
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019b.html#94 MVS Boney Fingers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2019.html#38 long-winded post thread, 3033, 3081, Future System
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018c.html#23 VS History
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2018.html#92 S/360 addressing, not Honeywell 200
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#57 64 bit addressing into the future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017i.html#48 64 bit addressing into the future
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#94 Migration off Mainframe to other platform
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017e.html#40 Mainframe Family tree and chronology 2
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2017d.html#61 Paging subsystems in the era of bigass memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016b.html#35 Qbasic
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2016.html#78 Mainframe Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015h.html#116 Is there a source for detailed, instruction-level performance info?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015g.html#90 IBM Embraces Virtual Memory -- Finally
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#60 ou sont les VAXen d'antan, was Variable-Length Instructions that aren't
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#46 Connecting memory to 370/145 with only 36 bits
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2015b.html#40 OS/360
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#82 Do we really need 64-bit DP or is 48-bit enough?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014k.html#36 1950: Northrop's Digital Differential Analyzer
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014i.html#86 z/OS physical memory usage with multiple copies of same load module at different virtual addresses
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014g.html#83 Costs of core
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014f.html#22 Complete 360 and 370 systems found
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2014d.html#62 Difference between MVS and z / OS systems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013m.html#71 'Free Unix!': The world-changing proclamation made 30 years agotoday
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#81 Still not convinced about the superiority of mainframe security vs distributed?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#51 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013c.html#48 What Makes an Architecture Bizarre?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2013.html#22 Is Microsoft becoming folklore?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012p.html#26 Mainframes are still the best platform for high volume transaction processing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012o.html#30 Regarding Time Sharing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012n.html#21 8-bit bytes and byte-addressed machines
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012j.html#26 Can anybody give me a clear idea about Cloud Computing in MAINFRAME ?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012h.html#57 How will mainframers retiring be different from Y2K?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012e.html#80 Word Length
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#100 5 Byte Device Addresses?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2012b.html#66 M68k add to memory is not a mistake any more
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011p.html#126 Deja Cloud?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011l.html#45 segments and sharing, was 68000 assembly language programming
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011k.html#87 'smttter IBMdroids
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011i.html#61 Joint Design of Instruction Set and Language
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#39 At least two decades back, some gurus predicted that mainframes would disappear in future and it still has not happened
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011f.html#17 New job for mainframes: Cloud platform
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2011d.html#72 Multiple Virtual Memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010p.html#21 Dataspaces or 64 bit storage
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010l.html#6 Z/OS 31bit or 64bit
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#13 OS/400 and z/OS
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#10 Far and near pointers on the 80286 and later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010h.html#2 Far and near pointers on the 80286 and later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#83 Far and near pointers on the 80286 and later
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#55 Mainframe Executive article on the death of tape
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#36 16:32 far pointers in OpenWatcom C/C++
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010g.html#11 Mainframe Executive article on the death of tape
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010e.html#75 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010d.html#81 LPARs: More or Less?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010c.html#41 Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2010.html#84 locate mode, was Happy DEC-10 Day
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009o.html#58 Rudd bucks boost IBM mainframe business
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009h.html#33 My Vintage Dream PC
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#73 308x Processors - was "Mainframe articles"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009g.html#71 308x Processors - was "Mainframe articles"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2009d.html#48 Mainframe Hall of Fame: 17 New Members Added
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008p.html#40 Opsystems
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008o.html#53 Old XDS Sigma stuff
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#83 old 370 info
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008l.html#45 z/OS BIND9 DNS Vulnerable to Cache Poisoning Attack Problem?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008i.html#52 Microsoft versus Digital Equipment Corporation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008h.html#29 DB2 & z/OS Dissertation Research
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008g.html#60 Different Implementations of VLIW
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008f.html#12 Fantasy-Land_Hierarchal_NUMA_Memory-Model_on_Vertical
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#33 IBM Preview of z/OS V1.10
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008e.html#14 Kernels
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#35 New Opcodes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2008c.html#33 New Opcodes
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007t.html#75 T3 Sues IBM To Break its Mainframe Monopoly
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007r.html#56 CSA 'above the bar'
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007q.html#68 Direction of Stack Growth
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007p.html#21 Newsweek article--baby boomers and computers
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007o.html#10 IBM 8000 series
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007l.html#71 IBM 360 Model 20 Questions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007k.html#28 IBM 360 Model 20 Questions
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007k.html#27 user level TCP implementation
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2007k.html#14 Some IBM 3033 information
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006y.html#39 Multiple mappings
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#23 threads versus task
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006t.html#15 more than 16mbyte support for 370
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006s.html#42 Ranking of non-IBM mainframe builders?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006r.html#32 MIPS architecture question - Supervisor mode & who is using it?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006p.html#10 What part of z/OS is the OS?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006m.html#27 Old Hashing Routine
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006i.html#33 virtual memory
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006b.html#28 Multiple address spaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2006b.html#25 Multiple address spaces
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005q.html#48 Intel strikes back with a parallel x86 design
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005q.html#41 Instruction Set Enhancement Idea
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005p.html#19 address space
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005p.html#18 address space
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005f.html#57 Moving assembler programs above the line
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005d.html#62 Misuse of word "microcode"
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005c.html#63 intel's Vanderpool and virtualization in general
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2005b.html#53 The mid-seventies SHARE survey
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#59 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#57 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004o.html#18 Integer types for 128-bit addressing
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004n.html#54 CKD Disks?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004n.html#26 PCIe as a chip-to-chip interconnect
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2004c.html#6 If the x86 ISA could be redone
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003m.html#29 SR 15,15
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003g.html#13 Page Table - per OS/Process
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#69 unix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2003d.html#53 Reviving Multics
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002n.html#58 IBM S/370-168, 195, and 3033
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002l.html#57 Handling variable page sizes?
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002g.html#17 Black magic in POWER5
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2002d.html#51 Hardest Mistake in Comp Arch to Fix
https://www.garlic.com/~lynn/2000e.html#58 Why not an IBM zSeries workstation?
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virtualization experience starting Jan1968, online at home since Mar1970
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